A história da luta contra a hanseníase no Estado de São Paulo foi ímpar, assim como todo o movimento sanitário, incomum na história da saúde mundial, pela maneira como se desenvolveu e a rapidez com que foi implementado. Utilizar intensivamente a informação na gestão da saúde é o que confere o diferencial na qualificação do processo decisório. Esta constatação impõe a necessidade de implementação de estratégias políticas e técnicas que superem os limites ainda existentes na gestão da informação em saúde no Brasil. Esta pesquisa objetivou descrever a trajetória da informação sobre a hanseníase, a partir do começo do século XIX, em São Paulo, e sua conexão com a implantação e o desenvolvimento do conceito e das práticas de vigilância e controle desse agravo. O estudo foi de natureza exploratória. Foram utilizadas análises bibliográficas, documental, e também o banco de dados de notificação de hanseníase do Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica “Prof. Alexandre Vranjac” da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo para a construção da linha temporal sobre a informação na hanseníase em âmbito mundial, nacional e estadual. Os ganhos em quantidade de armazenamento e velocidade de análise, possibilitados pelo uso de bancos de dados informatizados, enfatizam os problemas da coleta e inserção das informações nos sistemas. Todos os elos da cadeia de informações, da coleta à sua utilização, são responsáveis pela adequação, integridade, precisão, acurácia e confiabilidade de todo o processo. O volume de dados em saúde, em São Paulo, principalmente na hanseníase, é enorme, todavia, a imprecisão deles em determinados períodos inviabiliza sua utilização para análises consistentes e fidedignas. Os problemas da não-informação são pontuais, ou seja, há alguns municípios que sistematicamente são os responsáveis. O investimento de recursos deve ser dirigido ao treinamento dos responsáveis pela coleta e inclusão das informações no sistema, e também à criação de mecanismos para incentivar o comprometimento e aumentar a percepção da importância dessas funções. / The history of the fight against Hansen’s disease in the State of São Paulo was unique, as well as the whole sanitary movement, unusual in the world health history, due to the manner in which this fight was conducted and the quickness in which it was implemented. Intensive use of information in health management is what lends uniqueness to the decision making process. This statement brings forth the need to implement political strategies and techniques capable to overcome the limits that still stand in the management of health information in Brazil. This research was designed to describe the route of information regarding Hansen’s disease, up from the start of the XIX Century, in São Paulo and its connection with the implanting and the development of surveillance and control practices associated to this hazard. The study had exploratory venue, employing bibliographical and documental analysis as well as the databank of reports of Hansen’s disease of the Epidemiological Surveillance Center “Prof. Alexandre Vranjac”, of the State Secretary of Health of São Paulo, in order to trace a time line of the information on Hansen’s disease comprising worldwide, nationwide and statewide levels. The profits in the amount of storage and quickness of analysis ensued by the use of cybernetic databanks stress the problems registered at data collection and also at the input of information in the system. All the links in the information chain, from collection to usage, are responsible for adequation, integrity, precision, accuracy and reliability of the whole process. Health data volume, in São Paulo, especially regarding Hansen’s disease, is enormous, however their imprecision, during some periods render these data useless for consistent and reliable analysis. Problems of no information are punctual, meaning some cities are systematically responsible for not registering their data. Resource investment must be directed to training programs of officers responsible for the collection and input of the information in the system, and must also be directed to the creation of mechanisms designed to increase commitment and further the perception of the importance of these tasks.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:32:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo8114_1.pdf: 1876927 bytes, checksum: 127c34212ad8cade97feef03b3ca788d (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / A Organização Mundial de Saúde recomenda, em países endêmicos para hanseníase, a classificação operacional baseada no número de lesões para alocação do paciente na poliquimioterapia. Nessa classificação são considerados paucibacilares os pacientes com até cinco lesões cutâneas, e multibacilares, aqueles com mais de cinco. O objetivo desse estudo foi validar a classificação operacional admitindo-se como padrão-ouro a baciloscopia de esfregaços da pele. Por meio de estudo prospectivo, tipo validação de testes diagnósticos, foram analisados 154 casos novos de hanseníase, atendidos no Complexo Hospitalar Clementino Fraga, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, no período de junho a dezembro de 2005. Consideraram-se as características sócio-demográficas, contato prévio com portadores de hanseníase, tempo de início dos sintomas, número e características clínicas das lesões cutâneas, formas clínicas segundo a classificação de Ridley e Jopling e resultado da baciloscopia. Calcularam-se sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivo positivo e negativo da classificação operacional e coeficiente de concordância entre as classificações operacional e baciloscópica. Dos 154 casos, 42 pacientes apresentavam baciloscopia positiva e 112, negativa. Das positivas, 16 (38,1%) apresentavam até cinco lesões cutâneas e, das negativas, 12 (10,7%) apresentavam mais de cinco. A sensibilidade, a especificidade, o valor preditivo positivo e o valor preditivo negativo foram 61,9%, 89,3%, 68,4% e 86,2%, respectivamente. A concordância entre as classificações foi significantemente regular (Kappa=0,528 ± 0.080, p<0,001). Concluiu-se que a classificação operacional apresentou limitações que não invalidam sua operacionalidade. Todavia deve ser, sempre que possível, associada a exames complementares como a baciloscopia, visto a possibilidade de sub-tratamento das formas multibacilares infectantes

This thesis reports on a study of official political documents for Falköping and Fagersta public libraries, aiming for a deeper understanding of how they were affected by local culture policy. The period researched is 1991 – 2001. The comprehensive questions were: how did the strategic plans of the two municipalities follow the development of cultural policy in Sweden during the period, and what differences appeared in the development of the strategic plans of the two municipalities during this period? A document analysis was conducted with an empirical focus on historical policy documents. The analysis was guided by a model by Dorte Skot-Hansen. The model served as an analytical tool while comparing the strategic documents of the two libraries. Skot-Hansen illustrates three different rationalities in relation to cultural policy; the humanistic, the sociological and the market oriented. The analysis showed that both Fagersta and Falköping mainly followed the market-oriented line in the Dorte Skot-Hansen model. The study also points put that the local cultural policy was influenced by a humanistic and sociological line of reasoning.

The importance of renewable energy sources is becoming clearer and clearer as unsustainable energy sources are running out and global warming is getting worse. Energy derived from sunlight is already commonly used, but more energy can be produced from sunlight when solar cells become cheaper. Organic solar cells use organic compounds as semiconductors which can be prepared from solutions, resulting in lower production costs. However, these semiconductors;Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-Phenyl-C61-butric acid methyl ester, are commonly dissolved inhalogenated and aromatic solvents. These solvents have toxic properties, which is why alternative solvents should be identified. Potential solvents were predicted by using the Hansen solubilityparameters and thin films were prepared by spin-coating the solutions. The thin films were evaluated with absorption spectroscopy, the fluorescence spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Since the alternative solvents had lower solubilites than the commonly used solvents, i.e., chlorobenzene, ortho-dichlorobenzene and chloroform, the absorption of the films with new solvents were lower as well. Using tetrahydrofuran resulted in the highest absorption of the used solvents, while xylene hada better film morphology. Increasing the absorption was attempted by spin-coating multiple thin films on top each other or by using a lower rotational speed. Spin-coating multiple films had nouniform effect on the absorption, while lowering the rotational speed increased the absorption, but not enough to equal the original absorption. Contrasting the results of the absorption spectra, the morphology improved when multiple layers were used while the film with the lower rotational speed’s morphology got worse. In conclusion, tetrahydrofuran and xylene are the best alternative solvents and using multiple layers as well as decreasing the rotational speed show improvements oneither the morphology or the absorption.

The solubility of cellobiose in 18 organic liquids and water was measured at 20°C. Hydrogen bond acceptors were the most effective solvents. Three models were analyzed to evaluate their accuracy and to understand factors that affect cellobiose solubility: Hansen solubility parameters (HSP), linear free energy relationship (LFER), and UNIQUAC functional-group activity coefficients (UNIFAC). The HSP of cellobiose were determined and the model was able to distinguish between most good and poor solvents, however, proved to be occasionally unreliable due to a false negative. The LFER model produced an empirical equation involving contributions from solvent molar refraction, polarizability, acidity, basicity, and molar volume, which predicted cellobiose solubilities to within ±2 log units. LFER indicated that good solvents were highly polarizable and had low molar volume, which was consistent with the good solvents found for cellobiose. A modified version of UNIFAC that includes an association term (A-UNIFAC) predicted the solubility of cellobiose in water and alcohols to within ±0.6 log units, indicating that A-UNIFAC can be used to predict the solubility of cellobiose and other carbohydrates provided additional data to extend the model to solvents other than water and alcohols.

This study explores cultural activities aimed at the elderly in two Swedish municipalities, Karlstad and Örebro, and investigate what motivates them. These activities are mainly organized in the area of care or preventive activities. This study shows that these activities are aimed at contributing to a better mental and physical health for the elders. The analysis is based on cultural policy documents and shows that both municipalities’ rationales for their investments in culture for the elderly are founded in a belief that culture contribute to positive social and health benefits. Dorte Skot-Hansen’s dimensions of the humanistic, sociological, and instrumental rationales have been used to analyze the material. When specifically studying the rationales behind implementations, several rationales can be expressed simultaneously and may to some degree overlap.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine if the position of children’s culture in Swedish cultural politics has been affected by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) becoming Swedish law. The study analyse the cultural political strategies in four local and regional councils to see if they aligns with the UNCRC and highlights how these four councils are thinking in their ongoing work with their respective cultural political strategies, considering this new prerequisite. The study is based on an hermeneutic perspective, standing for qualitative systems of understanding and interpretation. The theoretical starting-point for the study is Dorte SkotHansen’s model defining three rationals which have dominated the local cultural policies the last decades. The methods I am using in the study is text analysis in the shape of idea analysis according to Skot-Hansens three culture political rationalities. The study also includes qualitative interviews in order to gain a deeper understanding for the cultural political strategies. The study is a comparing analysis of the UNCRC and the four strategies. The study shows a good correspondance between the culture plans and the UNCRC. The municipalities have in many ways implemented the UNCRC’s perspective on culture in their cultural political strategies already. However much of the work is still unclear as the implementation of the law is still in its infancy.

This diploma thesis analyzes the phenomenon of NATO burden-sharing. Due to late security crises in Europe, such as Crimea crisis, the never-ending alliance issue has been encased in new dynamics. This new dynamics supposedly threatens the long preserved status quo and can even lead to the breakup of the alliance. The thesis uses methodological framework prescribed by Lene Hansen. This framework draws heavily on work from David Campbell and his Writing Security. For the successful analysis, we first designate our inter-textual governmental field in which we then try to observe the repeating ideational/argumentative norms of the respective discursive actors in the alliance. We also divide our research field into two time units: the 1990s era and events after 9/11. Interpretation of the behaviour of certain members shows establishment of a several interconnected centres of argumentation, which somehow coincides with the three largest European members of NATO. The thesis also shows, that these argumentative actors tend to transform their argumentative structures along with the changing environment and context. For better understanding, the work encompasses the short-term, intensive burden-sharing situations, like NATO interventions, but also debates on long-term institutional solutions, which are mostly seen...

Uppsatsen undersöker inlösen av kvartersmark och om bestämmelserna i PBL 6:13 § är förenliga med flexibla detaljplaner. Uppsatsen avslutas med ett förslag till förändring av nuvarande bestämmelser för att skydda äganderätten och undvika att personer blir felaktigt tvångsinlösta.

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