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No. of bitstreams: 1 barbosa_lp_me_sjrp.pdf: 2135063 bytes, checksum: 3dc5281f9f424ffb645b1f1c7d840add (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho buscamos demonstrar como os títulos jornalísticos do jornal Le Monde traduzidos pelo portal UOL podem (re)direcionar as interpretações das reportagens, bem como tais traduções podem propagar representações “enviesadas” sobre o outro, ao reforçarem estereótipos e pré-julgamentos dos envolvidos nos fatos noticiados. Com o intuito de elaborar uma reflexão acerca do sujeito e sua relação com mundo globalizado, retomamos os estudos de Hall (2000), de Silva (2000) e de Bauman (2005), chamando atenção para a questão indissociável entre língua e identidade. Na conjuntura pósmoderna, os meios tecnológicos de comunicação deram velocidade não só ao modo como se produz informação, mas também dinamizaram a propagação de conteúdo de toda sorte, na internet, por meio de traduções. No que diz respeito à questão da tradução, nesta pesquisa, apoiamo-nos nos trabalhos de Arrojo (1986; 1996), de Rodrigues (2006; 2008) e de Crépon (2004), para pensarmos o papel da tradução enquanto discurso que sustenta a “prática da diferença”. Com relação à tradução jornalística, discorremos sobre as transformações que tais textos apresentam, transformações motivadas por fatores não só estilísticos, mas também e, principalmente, culturais, políticos, econômicos e ideológicos sobre os quais, na maioria das vezes, o tradutor não tem nenhum controle. Para tanto, destacamos os trabalhos de Guerrero (2004; 2006; 2008), de Zipser e Polchlopek (2009), de Bielsa e Bassnett (2009), de Moreno (2003), entre outros. Evidenciamos em nossa análise a importância dos títulos jornalísticos para a interpretação e a memorização da reportagem, em especial quando se trata de títulos jornalísticos disponibilizados em ambiente digital, em que a circulação de notícia é constante. No que se refere à problemática dos títulos, são referências importantes para esta pesquisa os estudos de Van Dijk (1992/2010), de Guimarães (1993) e de Coracini (1989). Quanto aos elementos constitutivos do discurso midiático, retomamos as ideias de Charaudeau (2015), ressaltando como os recursos linguísticos dos títulos foram traduzidos e, muitas vezes, adicionados à tradução. Partimos do pressuposto que tais procedimentos são colocados em cena a fim de atender às políticas de redação do portal UOL e também (re)direcionar os títulos de acordo com o perfil do leitor brasileiro. Dessa forma, uma nova abordagem dos fatos noticiados é revelada, veiculando sempre outras re(a)presentações dos acontecimentos. / This essay aims to demonstrate how the headlines of the Le Monde newspaper translated by the UOL portal can (re)direct the interpretations of the news coverage. Furthermore, such translations may propagate "biased" representations of the ‘other’ by reinforcing stereotypes and pre-concepts of those involved in the facts reported. With the purpose of elaborating a reflection about the subject and its relationship with the world, this essay focuses on the studies of Hall (2000), Silva (2000) and Bauman (2005), drawing attention to the inseparability between language and identity. In this postmodern conjuncture, the technological means of communication accelerated not only how information is produced, but also the dynamics of dissemination of content of all sorts on the internet through translations. With regard to translations, this essay supports the work of Arrojo (1986); Rodrigues (2006, 2008) and Crépon (2004) about the role of translation as a discourse that underpins the "practice of difference". The analysis also focuses on the transformations that these texts present, and how they are motivated by factors not only related to stylistics, but also, and mainly, to cultural, political, economic, and ideological issues that in most cases the translator has no control over. On this matter, the argument is supported by the works of Guerrero (2004; 2006; 2008), Zipser and Polchlopek (2009), Bielsa and Bassnett (2009), Moreno (2003), among others. In the analysis, it is highlighted the importance of the headlines for the interpretation and memorization of the news report, especially for those available online, where the circulation of information is continuous. With regard to the headlines, this essay focuses on the studies of Van Dijk (1992/2010), Guimarães (1993) and Coracini (1989). As for the constitutive elements of the media discourse, the ideas of Charaudeau (2015) are particularly referenced, emphasizing how linguistic resources of the headlines have often been added to the translation. It seems that this practice meets the editorial policy of the UOL portal and also (re)directs the headlines according to the profile of the Brazilian reader. In this way, a new approach of the reported facts is revealed, always showing other (re)presentations of events.

Nesta dissertação, investiga-se o processo de construção do significado de manchetes jornalísticas. Parte-se do pressuposto que a Metáfora Conceptual, proposta por Lakoff e Johnson (2002[1980]) e a Mesclagem, proposta por Fauconnier e Turner (2002), são as operações cognitivas complexas imbricadas no processo de compreensão e de construção de textos. A metáfora consiste em um importante recurso que estrutura o pensamento, as experiências e as ações humanas e a mesclagem, um mecanismo que permite significar eventos e experiências, aproximando realidades diversas, (des)comprimindo conhecimentos e rotinas cognitivas ativadas na conceptualização. Nesse sentido, este trabalho traz a lume a forma como o processo de construção de significado integra informações armazenadas em na mente, intercambiando domínios estáveis e ativando espaços mentais que se comungam para a culminância de estruturas emergentes. Para tanto, elucidamos as evidências de que metáforas e mesclagens podem explicar os sentidos produzidos pelas manchetes publicadas nos jornais Meia-Hora de Notícias, O Dia e O Globo. As manchetes foram coletadas no período de 18 de abril a 14 de setembro de 2011. Reunido o corpus, foi iniciado o cotejamento das manchetes à luz das referidas teorias. Realizou-se, em seguida, uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Médio de um colégio da rede pública estadual, a fim de confrontar as ponderações da análise com a compreensão empreendida pelos estudantes. Os resultados da análise e da mensuração das respostas dos alunos deram conta do papel da mesclagem na compreensão das manchetes analisadas, como um processo cognitivo, imaginativo e criativo, manifestado no uso da língua, de modo a promover a construção do significado. Foi possível também descrever o papel da metáfora nas mesclas postuladas para explicação do sentido das manchetes, na medida em que conceptualizações metafóricas fundamentam espaços mentais de algumas redes de integração postuladas para análise das manchetes / This dissertation is devoted to investigate the meaning-construction process in newspaper headlines. Conceptual Metaphor (LAKOFF and JOHNSON, 2002) and Blending (FAUCONNIER and TURNER, 2002) were assumed as complex cognitive operations imbricated in the reading comprehension and text construction processes. The metaphor is an important resource for structuring thought, experience and human action. The blending is an event/experiencesignifying mechanism, which brings together different realities by (de)compressing knowledge and cognitive routines activated during conceptualization. In this respect, this paper brings to surface the way meaningconstruction processes integrate the pieces of information stored in mind, intertwining stable domains and activating overlapping mental spaces for attaining emergent structures. For such, Meia-Hora de Notícias, O Dia and O Globo newspapers, from April 18th, 2011 to September 14th, 2011, feature the corpus of the present study, collected in the light of the above-mentioned theories. Evidences that metaphor and blending are able to explain the meanings produced by the headlines have been considered. The understanding of high school students from a public school were further verified in order to confront to the considerations disclosed in the present analysis. The results suggest that the blending played a role in comprehension as a cognitive, imaginative and creative process, expressed in language use so as to promote meaning construction. The metaphor also played a part in guiding the explanations concerning meaning, inasmuch as metaphoric conceptualizations substantiate the mental spaces of some integrative networks postulated for the analyses of the headlines

Nesta dissertação, investiga-se o processo de construção do significado de manchetes jornalísticas. Parte-se do pressuposto que a Metáfora Conceptual, proposta por Lakoff e Johnson (2002[1980]) e a Mesclagem, proposta por Fauconnier e Turner (2002), são as operações cognitivas complexas imbricadas no processo de compreensão e de construção de textos. A metáfora consiste em um importante recurso que estrutura o pensamento, as experiências e as ações humanas e a mesclagem, um mecanismo que permite significar eventos e experiências, aproximando realidades diversas, (des)comprimindo conhecimentos e rotinas cognitivas ativadas na conceptualização. Nesse sentido, este trabalho traz a lume a forma como o processo de construção de significado integra informações armazenadas em na mente, intercambiando domínios estáveis e ativando espaços mentais que se comungam para a culminância de estruturas emergentes. Para tanto, elucidamos as evidências de que metáforas e mesclagens podem explicar os sentidos produzidos pelas manchetes publicadas nos jornais Meia-Hora de Notícias, O Dia e O Globo. As manchetes foram coletadas no período de 18 de abril a 14 de setembro de 2011. Reunido o corpus, foi iniciado o cotejamento das manchetes à luz das referidas teorias. Realizou-se, em seguida, uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Médio de um colégio da rede pública estadual, a fim de confrontar as ponderações da análise com a compreensão empreendida pelos estudantes. Os resultados da análise e da mensuração das respostas dos alunos deram conta do papel da mesclagem na compreensão das manchetes analisadas, como um processo cognitivo, imaginativo e criativo, manifestado no uso da língua, de modo a promover a construção do significado. Foi possível também descrever o papel da metáfora nas mesclas postuladas para explicação do sentido das manchetes, na medida em que conceptualizações metafóricas fundamentam espaços mentais de algumas redes de integração postuladas para análise das manchetes / This dissertation is devoted to investigate the meaning-construction process in newspaper headlines. Conceptual Metaphor (LAKOFF and JOHNSON, 2002) and Blending (FAUCONNIER and TURNER, 2002) were assumed as complex cognitive operations imbricated in the reading comprehension and text construction processes. The metaphor is an important resource for structuring thought, experience and human action. The blending is an event/experiencesignifying mechanism, which brings together different realities by (de)compressing knowledge and cognitive routines activated during conceptualization. In this respect, this paper brings to surface the way meaningconstruction processes integrate the pieces of information stored in mind, intertwining stable domains and activating overlapping mental spaces for attaining emergent structures. For such, Meia-Hora de Notícias, O Dia and O Globo newspapers, from April 18th, 2011 to September 14th, 2011, feature the corpus of the present study, collected in the light of the above-mentioned theories. Evidences that metaphor and blending are able to explain the meanings produced by the headlines have been considered. The understanding of high school students from a public school were further verified in order to confront to the considerations disclosed in the present analysis. The results suggest that the blending played a role in comprehension as a cognitive, imaginative and creative process, expressed in language use so as to promote meaning construction. The metaphor also played a part in guiding the explanations concerning meaning, inasmuch as metaphoric conceptualizations substantiate the mental spaces of some integrative networks postulated for the analyses of the headlines

Nous proposons dans cette recherche de mener un travail explorateur sur la problématique de la traduction des titres dans la presse économique destinée à la vulgarisation. De ce fait, notre but est d’aboutir à des observations empiriques et proposer une approche de traduction adaptée à ces énoncés.Nous avons exploré, dans la première partie, les fondements théoriques et pratiques en traductologie et examiné les différents éléments en œuvre dans l’activité traductionnelle. Nous avons également proposé une approche de traduction adaptée aux titres de presse et à la leur spécificité linguistique et stylistique. Ce procédé appelle à une exploration analytique de la textuelle de départ aux niveaux de la linguistique et de la stylistique afin d’établir une équivalence qui puisse configurer la formation structurale et préserver sa portée, d’une part, et transmettre ses effets rhétoriques, d’autre part. Cette approche nous permet de décider de la démarche suivie pour aboutir à l’équivalence recherchée, d’où la pratique d’une traduction bijective, injective, surjective, ou libre. Dans la partie empirique, nous avons analysé deux corpus en nous basant sur les types de traduction proposés. Le premier a été prélevé afin de juger du degré d’adéquation de chaque traduction en matière de pertinence sémantique et de fonctionnalité du parcours suivi. Le deuxième a été prélevé en raison des particularités stylistiques des titres sélectionnés afin d’établir des équivalences illustratives du modèle configuratif transmissionnel proposé.La conclusion porte sur des constatations formulées sur les procédés suivis dans les corpus choisis et sur le modèle configuratif transmissionnel proposé. / This research aims at exploring problematic issues relating to the translation of headlines in popular, economic magazines. Hence, it means to derive relevant empirical observations and propose a translation theory adapted to the headlines in question.With that objective in mind, we have allotted the initial part of our research to the theoretical and practical approaches encountered in translation studies and examined the various elements at work during the translation process. We have also proposed a model of translation adapted to headlines and their linguistic and stylistic characteristics. This approach calls for an analytical exploration of the source text at the linguistic and stylistic levels in order to establish an equivalence that reflects its structural formation and preserves its impact, on the one hand, and conveys its rhetorical effects, on the other. Such an approach is also decisive in establishing the process to follow to deliver the equivalence being sought through three types of translation: bijective, injective, surjective, or free. In the empirical part of our study, we have analyzed two selected bodies based on the types of translation proposed. The analysis of the first body was meant to evaluate the degree of adequacy of each rendition in terms of semantic relevancy and functionality. The analysis of the second body, which is made up of headlines selected for their stylistic peculiarities, was meant to establish illustrative equivalences of the configurative transmissional model we have proposed.In the concluding part of our research, we have formulated observations of all the processes studied in the selected bodies and in the proposed model.

The diploma thesis "The linguistic analysis of headlines in daily papers Hospodářské noviny and Blesk" deals with the analysis of headlines in articles that include the commentary genre, specifically in Hospodářské noviny and Blesk. In this work, there is analyzed the form of headlines, how they are set up, and how they relate to the content of the message. The thesis consists of theoretical and analytical parts. The theoretical parts describe the analyzed material, the method of linguistic analysis is described there and also the characteristic of headlines. It is followed by analysis which is divided into two parts. In the first part, there is observed the difference of using the types of sentences and also the kinds of modality in the headlines of observed daily papers and the second part of analysis studies the general headlines and the occurrence of metaphorical expression. It analyses occurring cases of metaphor, metonymy, personification and paraphrase and compares, if there are some differences between the daily papers in observing phenomena. The premise is that the type of tabloid newspaper has a higher proportion of headlines including the metaphorical expression. There are analyzed also 10 year-old headlines of these daily papers, for the comparison, if the daily papers differ only among...

The main goal of this thesis is to examine the sings of fictionalization in Czech daily press. We will apply out hypothesis that news in daily papers are permeated with signs of fiction. In the theoretical part we will explain some of the most important media-related terms as "news", "publicism", "journalism" etc plus we will devote one chapter to the definition of fiction. We will also explain the meaning of fictionalization and describe fields where it can take effect. As our main source we are choosing Czech daily paper called "Mladá fronta DNES" in the period from August 2009 till January 2010. In the analytical part we will analyse the news and describe all the signs of fictionalization that we find (if we find some). We will focus on domestic, global and economical news. After the analysis we will be able to ether confirm or disprove the hypothesis. All our findings will be detailed in the summary.

This thesis critically analyses the language and images used by international online news media to represent the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in May 2021. In total, 270 online news headlines and featured lead images, published on the English news websites of Al Jazeera, BBC and CNN, are analyzed. This study aims to identify the framing employed by the different international media outlets as well as analyze the scope of their coverage. The theories of agenda-setting, framing and media representation help guide the current research to identify the discursive practices employed by international news media. The framework employed to carry out this research combines Pan & Kosicki (1993) approach to textual framing analysis with Barthes’ (1972) method for analysing visual semiotics. The results indicate variations in the patterns of representing and framing the conflict across the three analysed media outlets. However, overall, the results reveal that the 2021 outbreak in the Israel-Palestine conflict is portrayed mainly through a frame of ‘’war’’. These distinctions broadly reflect and correspond to the journalists' practices and differences of each media outlet.

This thesis is a critical investigation of the language used in online news headlines to report the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, which took place on February 14, 2018 in Florida, United States. By analyzing 50 online news headlines, published by five of the most popular national and local news outlets, the purpose of this study is to understand how the words chosen by the journalists contribute to creating particular meanings, or representations of the event, and if through these representations any hidden ideologies are put forward. The framework used to carry out the research combined Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis with van Dijk’s sociocultural approach, resulting in the study of three different but interrelated elements of discourse: sociocultural practice, or the social and cultural context of gun ownership in the U.S.; discourse practice, hence the processes behind the production of online headlines and the cognitive processes behind their interpretation; and finally, a linguistic analysis of the text itself. The analysis found that, despite the anticipated neutral stance of news journalists, dictated by professional values such as integrity and objectivity, hidden meanings and ideologies necessarily transpire in the language used to describe the violent event, and to represent victims and attacker.

No description available.

Background: Predicting stock prices in today’s complex financial landscape is asignificant challenge. An innovative approach to address this challenge is integrating sentiment analysis techniques with the well-established Autoregressive IntegratedMoving Average (ARIMA) model. Modern financial markets are influenced by various factors, including real-time news and social media trends, which demand accuratepredictions. This research recognizes the growing importance of market sentiment derived from news and aims to improve stock price prediction by combining ARIMA’sanalytical capabilities with sentiment analysis. This endeavor seeks to provide aclearer understanding of the intricate dynamics of stock price movements in an eramarked by abundant information and rapidly changing market conditions. The integration of these methods has the potential to enhance the accuracy of stock priceforecasts, offering benefits to investors and financial analysts alike. Objectives: The project involves three key components. It begins by gatheringhistorical stock data for a specific stock ticker and conducting essential data preprocessing. Next, it focuses on extracting news headlines from a prominent financial website and conducting a thorough sentiment analysis of these headlines. Thissentiment analysis provides valuable insights into public sentiment surrounding thechosen stocks, with visualizations representing positive, negative, and neutral trends.Finally, the project aims to combine the findings from both components using an Ensemble Method, resulting in a comprehensive suggestion to user whether to buy,holdor sell the stock. These components collectively aim to improve stock price predictions and assess the adaptability of the ARIMA model to changing market conditionsalong the time and significant events. Methods: This project explores an innovative approach to improve stock pricepredictions, combining the ARIMA model with sentiment analysis methods usingfinancial news data. The study involved collecting historical stock data from YahooFinance, employing moving averages like 5-day, 30-day and 90-day windows, andusing advanced models such as ARIMA for predictions. Our analysis also includestime series plots at various intervals, providing valuable perspectives. Through theEnsemble Method, which integrates quantitative predictions and sentiment analysis,we generated practical recommendations for a five-day forecast. Our work addressedgaps in integrating sentiment analysis into stock prediction models and adapting tochanging market conditions, contributing to the advancement of stock forecastingmethodologies. Results: The ensembled predictive model for stock prices demonstrates favorableoutcomes. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) is 0.8659, indicating accuracy, and theRoot Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is 0.1732, showing the overall prediction error.The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is 1.8541, suggesting precision in comparison to actual stock prices. The R-squared value is 0.9804, indicating the model’sability to explain variation in stock price data. These findings highlight the model’seffectiveness in providing reliable insights for investors in the dynamic stock market. Conclusions: The analysis with the ARIMA model to enhance stock price predictions. It revealed that sentiment analysis complements traditional methods, providing valuable insights for decision-making. Evaluating ARIMA’s long-term performance suggests adaptable forecasting techniques. This work contributes to advancingfinancial analysis and improving stock price predictions.