The purpose of this thesis is to examine the hazard identification, risk assessment and related determining controls aspects of occupational health and safety topic, within the framework of a safety management system, for the construction industry. To achieve this purpose, a literature survey is carried out with specific emphasis on the standards, guidelines, codes of practices and other documents published by authorized institutions and national legislation related with the subject. The Marmaray Project, which is considered as one of the major transportation infrastructure projects in Turkey, is chosen as the case study area. In the Marmaray Project, the case study is carried out at &Uuml / sk&uuml / dar Underground Station Construction Site as an example for the cut and coverunderground station construction and at Yedikule Tunnel Construction Site for the tunnel construction and achieved results are assessed within the context of this thesis.

Arbetsmiljölagen ger anställda och deras representanter, skyddsombuden, rätt att delta i det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbete som arbetsgivaren har skyldighet att arrangera. Forskning om deltagande har i stor utsträckning varit fokuserad påstrukturella och organisatoriska förutsättningar för anställdas deltagande. Mycket tyder dock på att anställda inte utnyttjar sina starka rättigheter. Avhandlingens analyserar arbetsmiljödeltagandet genom en fallstudie på ett pappersbruk med väl etablerade organisatoriska strukturer för deltagande i syfte att förklara deltagandets grunder bortom de strukturella villkoren. Syfte är att förstå varför anställda inte i avsedd omfattning utnyttjar de möjligheter till arbetsmiljöinflytande som lagstiftning och goda strukturella villkor ger. Avhandlingen visar hur anställda i stor utsträckning handskas med arbetets risker och belastningar genom sin kollektivt utvecklade kompetens, förståelse och ansvar för varandra och i mindre utsträckning genom att interagera med arbetsgivaren genom arbetsmiljödeltagande. Etienne Wengers begrepp ”praktikgemenskaper” används i avhandlingen tillsammans med Paavo Bergmans analys av lagarbete och betydelsen av processpecifik kompetens för att klarlägga de sociala processer för meningsskapande som betingar anställdas deltagande i arbetsmiljöarbetet. Med Lysgaards begrepp ”arbetarkollektivet” visar också avhandlingen på betydelsen av maktrelationerna mellan operatörer och arbetsgivare för möjligheterna att etablera en gemensam kunskapsprocess kring arbetsmiljö genom de former för arbetsmiljödeltagande som var etablerade på pappersbruket. / Swedish law gives employees, and their representatives, rights to participate in the employer’s systematic occupational health and safety management. Research  on worker participation in OHSM has mainly focused on structural conditions for participation such as organisational arrangements, industrial relations, or union support. There are however indications that employees do not use their strong legal rights. The aim of the present thesis is to understand the prerequisites and conditions for worker OHSM participation, seen here as a joint knowledge process for work environment issues. More precisely, the thesis aims to analyse the significance of workers’ local and situated knowledge, the construction of participative practices, and the problems and advantages of representative participation. The thesis also aims to explain the paradox that favourable structural conditions for participation are only partly used by the workers, despite evident risks at work. The empirical basis is a case study at a paper mill. The mill was chosen as its OHSM to a large extent fulfils what research claims are necessary structural conditions for effective participation. To understand the possibilities and problems of such participation, the analysis uses a combination of three theoretical perspectives on work and (situated) knowledge: Etienne Wenger’s (1998) approach to communities of practice; Paavo Bergman’s (1995) analysis of teamwork in the process industry; and Sverre Lysgaard’s (1961) theory of the workers’ collective.

The goal of this thesis is to judge Health and Safety Management system in the company MIZ Olomouc s.r.o. It states fulfilling lawful requirements in this area. In a theoretical part of the thesis there is clarifying of general terms, programs, management standards (Bezpečný podnik, BS 8800, OHSAS 18001 etc.), legal regulations and institutions of HSMS.

Abstract Several companies work in shared workplaces and each company has different requirements for health (H), safety (S), environment (E) and quality (Q). Many globally operating companies have defined their own corporate requirements. Requirements in local national legislation and insurance policies are creating more challenges. The various requirements affect how HSEQ management is implemented in changing, complex, and heterogeneous working environments. The aim of the thesis was to describe HSEQ management development in Northern Finnish process industry companies (N = 6) and their company network in the shared workplaces context during the past 20 years. The study also describes the current state of HS and partly EQ [HS(EQ)] management practices and tools in a global steel company. An important objective was to make recommendations on how to continuously improve and develop HS(EQ) issues. A mixed methods approach (interview, document study, questionnaire, benchmarking and -learning, SWOT analysis) were used in the case study. HSEQ Assessment Procedure―a type of integrated management system tool―was developed to evaluate supplying companies’ HSEQ performance in shared workplaces. It was selected as the main method on one site of the global steel company. The global steel company’s HS management system was based on OHSAS 18001 with HS vision and principles, development plan, internal standards and performance indicators. Lost time injury frequency rate (LTIFR) and HSEQ AP performance showed positive trends. Both corporate HS requirements and local HS(EQ) practices provided adequate tools for a safety culture and HS(EQ) performance development. Recommendations were made regarding HS(EQ) management tools, practices and indicators in shared workplaces operating globally. The focus should be on preventive actions, such as leading performance indicators and creating a uniform safety culture for shared workplaces with a sustainable foundation. The development should be supported by the commitment and participative development of every organisational level. Learning from internal good practices and external benchmarking are valuable methods for this purpose. HSEQ management, change management, internal and external standardisation and information technology systems should be exploited to support this goal. / Tiivistelmä Yhteisellä työpaikalla työskentelee useita yrityksiä, jotka ovat määrittäneet omat vaatimuksensa työterveydelle (H), työturvallisuudelle (S), ympäristölle (E) ja laadulle (Q). Lisäksi kansainvälisillä yrityksillä, kansallisessa lainsäädännössä ja vakuutusyhtiöillä on omat vaatimuksensa, jotka luovat entistä haasteellisemman työympäristön. Monenlaiset vaatimukset vaikuttavat siihen, kuinka HSEQ-johtaminen on toteutettu muuttuvassa, monimutkaisessa ja epäyhtenäisessä työympäristössä. Tutkimuksessa kuvattiin HSEQ-johtamisen kehittymistä pohjoissuomalaisissa prosessiteollisuuden yrityksissä (N=6) ja niiden yritysverkostossa, yhteisellä työpaikalla, viimeisen 20 vuoden aikana. Lisäksi kuvattiin HS ja osittain myös EQ [HS(EQ)] -johtamisen menetelmien ja työkalujen nykytilaa kansainvälisessä terästeollisuuden yrityksessä, sekä kehitystarpeita tavoiteltaessa HS(EQ)-johtamisen huippuosaamista. Tutkimus toteutettiin monimenetelmällisenä tapaustutkimuksena: haastattelu, dokumenttien tutkimus, kysely, esikuva-analyysi, SWOT-analyysi. HSEQ-arviointi on kehitetty yhteisille työpaikoille toimittajayritysten HSEQ-suorituskyvyn arviointiin hyödyntäen integroidun johtamisjärjestelmän periaatetta, ja se valittiin yhdeksi päämenetelmäksi tutkimuksen kohteena olevalle yhteiselle työpaikalle. Tutkimuksen kohteena olevan terästeollisuuden alan yrityksen HS-johtaminen perustui OHSAS 18001-järjestelmään. Visio, periaatteet, toimintasuunnitelma, sisäiset standardit ja suorituskyvyn mittarit muodostivat konsernin HS-järjestelmän. Tapaturmataajuuden ja HSEQ-arvioinnin tulosten perustella kehitys on ollut positiivista. Konsernin HS-vaatimukset ja paikalliset HS(EQ)-käytännöt antoivat kohtuulliset työkalut turvallisuuskulttuurin ja HS(EQ)-suorituskyvyn kehittämiselle. Suositukset koskivat yhteisillä työpaikoilla ja kansainvälisessä työympäristössä toimivien organisaatioiden HS(EQ)-johtamisen työkaluja, käytäntöjä ja mittareita. Pitäisi keskittyä ennakointiin, kuten ennakoiviin turvallisuusmittareihin ja luomaan yhtenäinen kestävä turvallisuuskulttuuri yhteiselle työpaikalle. Jokaisen organisaatiotason tulisi sitoutua kehittämiseen hyödyntäen osallistuvaa kehittämistä. Sisäisillä hyvillä käytännöillä ja ulkoisella esikuva-analyysilla voidaan tukea kehittämistä. HSEQ-johtamista, muutoksenhallintaa, sisäistä ja ulkoista standardointia sekä tietoteknisiä järjestelmiä pitäisi hyödyntää.

Labor protection, that is prevention of occupational disease and reducing the frequency of accident, has always been a matter of major concern of mining industry. Management and the government should promote and maintain high safety standards through some measures and tools to reduce frequency of accidents and occupational diseases. This thesis describes the development of a national occupational health and safety management tool that is composed of educational, statistical and database interfaces for mine safety and health administration. The detailed analysis of an accident requires knowledge of many parameters such as location, time, type, cost of the accident, victim information, nature of injury, result of the accident etc. that can be obtained from a standard coded accident report form. So, database interface of the management tool is developed with this sense to realize collecting accident data in a nationally used format to produce a common safety reporting system. Prepared database maintains user-friendly environment on Internet to submit accident information. Dynamic structure and ease of use of the developed database allow administered user to expand it without detailed computer programming knowledge. This was achieved by prepared modules to change or register new data fields within the database. Created database is also secure since only gives data input access rights to registered users. Database administrator is able to create registered users. Registered users could be safety engineer or manager of a mine who is responsible from the submission of data to the ministry of labor. So, standard and secure accident data collected rapidly through Internet connection. The other feature of the database is that, it is open to all people to query accidents with many aspects. Prepared management tool also includes educational interface, content of which can also be enlarged, as the new ideas, information or solutions for accidents are improved. This information is also open to all people since educating workers and managers about accidents and prevention techniques can improve working conditions and increase awareness. Knowing the fact that submitted accident data is still collected in hard copies in folders, the need for a kind of management tool, which is completed in this study, is obvious. Application of this kind of management tool will be able to prevent the collection of accident data in dusty shelves and share the accident data information with all people who are interested in with this subject.

Countries seek to control exposure to hazardous substances and environments by the enactment of legislation. In the past thirty years, two major different approaches to occupational health and safety legislation have been devleoped by countries around the world. The performance-based legislative approach has been linked with the emergence of occupational health and safety management systems but no research has previously been done to determine whether or not the legislative approach taken by government influences the introduction or form of occupational health and safety management systems used by organisations. Similarly, although the reasons why Australia and other countries have moved to performance-based legislation have been explained in terms of social, political and economic factors that influenced the change, little research has been done on the effectiveness of this approach compared with the prescriptive approach of countries such as Korea. -I- The overall aim of this research is to develop a conprehensive understanding of the management of expusre to heavy metals in selected industries in Korea and Australia. The specific objectives of the study are to determine: The effectiveness of heavy metal exposure management in the fluorescent lamp manufacturing industry in Korea, and an Oral Health Service, and lead-risk workplaces in Queensland, Australia; The management of the legislative arrangements for health surveillance in Korea and Queensland, Australia; The characteristics of the occupational health and safety management systems that are in use in the heavy metal industries in Korea in Australia; and The effectiveness of prescriptive and performance based legislative systems in protecting the health and safety of workers in heavy metal based industries. Secondary analysis of biological monitoring data from 6 fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies (8 workplaces) in Korea was used to examine the extent of mercury exposure and the effectiveness of the health surveillance system in that country. A survey of dental workers in an oral health service in Queensland provided data on the extent of mercury exposure to the workforce and workers' attitudes to the management of occupational risks. The efficiency of the lead health surveillance in Queensland was examined by way of a questionnaire survey of lead designated doctors in the state. A survey of registered lead-risk companies and the oral health servies in Queensland, and 5 of the fluorescent lamp manufacturing companies in Korea provided data on the occupational health and safety management systems in place in these organisations. The health surveillance system for mercury exposed workers in Korea was found to have reduced the incidence of workers with biological levels of mercury above the Baseline Level from 14% in 1994 to 7% in 1999. Bilogical testing of dental workers in Queensland discovered no workers with biological levels of mercury approaching the Baseline Level and air monitoring failed to locate any areas where workers were likely to be exposed to levels approaching the Workplace Exposure Standard. The staff of the Oral Health Service were generally aware of the occupational health and safety management systems in place but only 43% felt that mercury management in the workplace effectively prevented exposure. The lead surveillance system in Queensland was found to be inadequately managed with approximately 37% of registered doctors no longer practicing in the field and their being no way for the government to collect reliable data on the extent of lead exposure in workplaces. The occupational health and safety management systems in the companies surveyed in Queensland and Korea were found to be influenced by the legislative arrangements in place in each of the locations. The Korean systems were more geared to meeting the regulatory requirements whereas the Queensland systems were geared more towards a risk management approach. However substantial differences were also noted depending on the size of the organisation in each case. Legislative arrangements in Korea and Queensland were found to provide reasonable protection from heavy metal exposure to workers however improvements in both systems are needed. The legislation was also found to influence the occupational health and safety management systems in place with performance-based legislation producing systems having a wide risk management focus while a narrower regulatory based focus was noted in Korea where more prescriptive legislation is in force. A confounding factor in the nature of the occupational health and safety management system in place is the size of the organisation and particular attention needs to be paid to this when legislative approaches are considered.

Enligt arbetsmiljölagen ska arbetsgivare när det saknas kunskap och kompetens i det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet (SAM) anlita en företagshälsovård (FHV) eller liknande resurs. Detta bygger på en programteori där FHV förväntas vara den externa resurs som behövs för arbetsgivare och arbetsplatser i arbetsmiljöarbetet. Samarbetet och FHVs stöd ska generera god arbetsmiljö och hälsa hos kunderna. Forskning om hur detta samarbete fungerar är begränsad.   Avhandlingens syfte är att utforska om FHV fungerar som stöd i kundens förebyggande arbetsmiljö-arbete och att identifiera mekanismer som har betydelse för samarbetet mellan FHV och kund. Mer precist har avhandlingen syftat till att öka kunskap och förståelse för om lagens intention uppfylls.   Datainsamlingen i de fyra kvalitativa fallstudierna utfördes med hjälp av semistrukturerade och tematiska intervjuer, telefonintervjuer och gruppintervjuer. Empirin samlades in i små- och stora företag samt inom den offentliga sektorn och fokuserade även på vilken betydelse avtalet har för samarbetet. Intervjuerna har genomförts med ledning, chefer och skyddsombud samt HR-personal i deltagande verksamheter samt FHV professioner i kundens FHV. Intervjuerna har analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys och det sammanlagda resultatet analyserades med hjälp av realistisk utvärdering.    Resultatet visar att samarbete och FHVs stöd i förebyggande SAM brister. Förändrade styrformer i offentlig sektor; New Public Management och HR transformationen identifieras som kontextuella förutsättningar som påverkar samarbetet. I den realistiska utvärderingen identifierades mekanismer som positivt eller negativt påverkar samarbetet mellan FHV och kund.   Mekanismer som påverkar samarbete positivt är; att det finns en fungerande samverkan och SAM hos kunden och att FHV får information och tillgång till kundens inre processer. Att FHV har en oberoende ställning med kontakter på flera nivåer i verksamheten är andra mekanismer som påverkar samarbete positivt. Att ledningen är engagerad i samarbetet med FHV och att avtalen stöder samarbetet bidrar också positivt till ett framgångsrikt samarbete. Ytterligare mekanismer som gynnsamt påverkar samarbete är att det finns kontinuerliga uppföljningar där tjänster och service kontinuerligt stäms av och anpassas efter kundens behov. En viktig mekanism som påverkar samarbetet positivt är att HR stöder samverkan och SAM i kundföretaget.   Identifierade mekanismer som påverkar samarbete negativt är att SAM och samverkan på arbetsplatsen mellan arbetsgivare och arbetstagare brister. Andra mekanismer som negativt påverkar är att ledningen inte är engagerad i samarbetet och att FHV inte får ta del av kundens SAM. Samarbetet påverkas även negativt när HR definierar avtalsinnehåll och är enda kontakt med FHV. En ytterligare mekanism som påverkar samarbetet negativt är att kunden upplever ett bristande förtroende; att FHV saknar kompetens.  Ett antal mekanismer har även identifierats som påverkar samarbete negativt mellan FHV och småföretag.  Bland annat saknas samverkan mellan arbetsgivare och arbetstagare i stor utsträckning och småföretagen arbetar inte systematiskt med sin arbetsmiljö. Detta innebär att FHV inte fungerar som stöd i SAM utan de tjänster som används består framför allt av hälsoundersökningar.  Samma mekanismer som påverkar samarbetet negativt framkommer i den offentliga sektorn; när samverkan och SAM saknas på arbetsplatsen, används FHV främst till individuella hälsofrämjande tjänster och rehabilitering. Andra mekanismer som påverkar samarbetet negativt i den offentliga sektorn är bristen på kunskap om samverkan och SAM hos både HR och skyddsombud. Det finns en otydlighet kring varandras roller som påverkar samarbetet negativt. Även kundens föreställning om FHV; att de uppfattas sakna kompetens och vara en efterhjälpande resurs, påverkar samarbetet negativt.  Slutsatserna från avhandlingen visar att samarbetet mellan FHV och kund i stor utsträckning inte stöder förebyggande SAM. I analysen identifieras ett antal mekanismer som påverkar samarbetet mellan FHV och kund, både positivt och negativt. Framför allt kunskap om arbetsmiljö, en fungerande samverkan och SAM identifieras som viktiga mekanismer som på ett positivt sätt bidrar till att nå ett framgångsrikt samarbete. / According to the Work Environment Act, employers should, when there is lack of knowledge and competence regarding the occupational health and safety management (OHSM, employ an occupational health service (OHS) provider or comparable resource. Research on how this collaboration works is however limited. The purpose of the thesis is to investigate whether the OHS provider serves as support in the custom-er's preventive OHSM and to identify which mechanisms are important for the collaboration between the OHS provider and customer.The data collection in the four qualitative case studies was conducted using semi-structured and the-matic interviews, telephone interviews and group interviews in small and large companies as well as the public sector. The interviews were analyzed with qualitative content analysis and the overall result has been analyzed using realistic evaluation.The results show that collaboration and support from OHS providers in preventative OHSM is lacking. Contextual conditions affected collaboration, such as New Public Management and HR transformation. In the realistic evaluation, mechanisms were identified that positively or negatively affect collaboration between OHS provider and client customer. Mechanisms that affect the collaboration positively are for example; a cooperative relationship between the employers and safety representatives in OHSM at the client customer, OHS providers also need access to the client customer's internal processes. Identified mechanisms that affect the collaboration negatively are; that cooperation in the workplace between employers and employees is lacking, the OHSM does not work. Other mechanisms that negatively affect are when top management not is involved in the collaboration with the OHS provider and when the OHS provider does not get information of the client customer's OHSM.  The conclusion from the thesis is that OHS providers do not largely support the client customer's pre-ventive OHSM. / <p>QC 20171019</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:29:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ranzani_c_me_bauru.pdf: 2094729 bytes, checksum: c210f6a979b7defe9f252348fef04a1c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Para que as organizações sejam competitivas e aumentem as chances de sobrevivência no mercado competitivo, é necessária a gestão do processo produtivo cada vez mais eficiente. Nesta gestão são utilizados sistemas focados em qualidade, meio ambiente, segurança e saúde no trabalho, entre outros. A integração desses sistemas otimizam recursos, processos e melhoram a imagem da organização, influenciando, assim, a lucratividade. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo formular diretrizes para o planejamento e implementação de sistema de gestão integrada em empresas da construção civil. Para a elaboração deste trabalho, foi adotada a pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, bibliográfica com a realização de dois estudos de caso sobre os elementos do sistema de gestão integrada de duas construtoras certificadas em ISO 9001, ISO 4001 e OHSAS 18001 fazendo com que o pesquisador, se ambiente ao universo de estudo. Um referencial teórico foi apresentado sobre as características do processo produtivo, sistema de gestão da qualidade, meio ambiente, saúde e segurança no trabalho e integração desses. Conclui-se que, o objetivo traçado, foi devidamente alcançado, pois foram apresentados os elementos do sistema de gestão integrada nas duas construtoras, sendo identificadas as boas práticas e pode-se propor, diretrizes para o planejamento e implamentação do sistema de gestão integrada em empresas da construção civil / To ensure that organizations are competitive and increase the changes of survival in competitive market, it is necessary to management of the productive process ever more efficiently. This management systems are used raised in quality, environment, health and safety at work, among others. The integration of these systems optimize resources, process, and improve the image of the organization, influencing, thus, the profitability. This dissertation has like objetctive, formulate guidelines for the planning and implementation of integrated management system in civil construction companies. For this work was adopted the qualitative research, exploratory, bibliographic with the achievement of two case studies about the elements of the integrated management system of two construction companies certifieds in ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001 making the researcher, environment the universe of study. A theoretical reference was presented about the characteristics of the production process, a system of quality management, environment, health and safety at work and integration of these. It concludes that, the outlined objective was duly achieved, because the elements of integrated management system were submitted in the two construction companies, being identified the good practices and could propose, guidelines for the planning and implementation of integrated management system in civil construction companies

L'évolution de l'environnement du travail, de l'organisation du travail, et des modes de gestion des hommes, introduit de nouvelles pathologies de travail à côté des pathologies traditionnelles dites physiques : il s'agit de pathologies mentales. Ces dernières sont liées à des contraintes organisationnelles ou de marché comparativement aux pathologies traditionnelles rattachées aux conditions physiques et matérielles de la tâche. Dans ce contexte d'émergence de nouvelles formes de mal-être au travail, le concept de souffrance au travail, concept « fantôme » en sciences de gestion, apparaît pertinent car il interroge le fonctionnement organisationnel et le rôle de la gestion des ressources humaines. Cette recherche possède un double objectif : contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de la souffrance au travail par la production d'une définition claire de ce concept, et théoriser le lien entre souffrance et implication au travail en définissant de quelle manière ces construits s'influencent mutuellement. Notre recherche est animée par la question suivante : quelles relations existe-t-il entre souffrance et implication au travail ? Pour y répondre, nous nous appuyons sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources. Les résultats de la recherche montrent que la souffrance au travail naît d'une perte de ressources organisationnelles engendrant une érosion des ressources subjectives permettant à l'individu de se définir, et crée une forme d'implication au travail précise : le sur-engagement. Celui-ci trouve ses origines dans la souffrance au travail elle-même et est orienté par des expériences de travail négatives forçant des sentiments négatifs envers l'organisation. / The evolution of the work environment, work organization, and practices of human ressource management, introduces new pathologies work alongside the traditional pathologies so-called physical pathologies : there are mental pathologies. These are related to organizational or market constraints compared to traditional pathologies related to physical and material task's conditions. In this context of new forms of ill-being at work, the concept of suffering at work, "ghost" concept in management science, appears relevant because it queries the organizational functioning and the role of human resource management. This research has two objectives: contribute to a better understanding of suffering at work in producing a clear definition of this concept, and theorize the link between suffering at work and work commitment in defining how these constructs influence each other. Our research is motivated by the question : what relationship is there between suffering at work and work commitment ? To answer, we rely on conservation of resources theory. The results of this research show that suffering at work arises from a loss of organizational ressources causing an erosion of subjective resources that allow the individual to define himself, and creates a specific form of work commitment : the over-involvement. It is rooted in the suffering at work itself and it is guided by negative experiences of work forcing of negative feelings toward the organization.

Master's thesis is deals with integrated system. In theoretic part is described quality management system, environmental management system and occupational health and safety management system, main attention paid to quality in supplies. Suggestion of solving consists in proposition of new process purchase - choice of supplier, classification of supplier and index for measuring of process purchase.