ABSTRACT LOCAL DYNAMICS IN THE PROCESS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION PROJECTS IN KASTAMONU Aysu Kes M.Sc., Urban Policy Planning and Local Governments Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sibel Kalaycioglu January 2006, 102 pages The aim of this thesis is to understand the local participation dynamics in Turkey, especially in the cities with small populations. The conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu were chosen as the case in order to achieve this aim. These projects include the restoration and reuse of historical/traditional houses in Turkey. The research was focused on the stakeholders in relation to these projects in order to be able to examine the social processes with regard to the local participation in Kastamonu. The major data collection method of this research was interviews with three groups of stakeholders. These stakeholders were the decision- makers, the owners of the houses, and the local people. For the research, 41 interviews were conducted in November 2004 in Kastamonu. The interviews included questions with regard to perceptions of the respondents about the issues of participation and decision- making dynamics, as well as the conception of sense of place, through the conservation and restoration processes. All these interviews were recorded and transcribed for discourse analysis. There are three major findings of this thesis. Firstly, the stakeholders do not have a consistent perception of what participation is. This leads to the second finding that the level of interaction and the level of participation are low among the stakeholders. Thirdly, the conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu are perceived as economic investments by the vast majority of people. The heritage and cultural value of the houses are less frequently referred to.

Univerzita Karlova v Praze Pedagogická fakulta Katedra občanské výchovy a filosofie DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE PROBLÉMY PAMÁTKOVÉ PÉČE NA VYBRANÝCH PŘÍKLADECH Z PLZEŇSKÉHO KRAJE PROBLEMS HERITAGE CONSERVATION ON THE EXAMPLES FROM THE PILSEN REGION Bc. Mirka Jehlíková Vedoucí diplomové práce: Ing. Michaela Dvořáková, Ph.D. Rok: 2015 PROHLÁŠENÍ Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci Problémy památkové péče na vybraných příkladech z Plzeňského kraje vypracovala samostatně pod vedením Ing. Michaely Dvořákové, Ph. D. a uvedla v bibliografii všechny použité podklady a materiály. V Praze dne 20. července 2015 vlastnoruční podpis autora PODĚKOVÁNÍ Na tomto místě bych ráda poděkovala Ing. Michaele Dvořákové, Ph.D. za velmi trpělivý a vstřícný přístup a cenné rady a připomínky, kterými přispěla k vypracování této diplomové práce. Abstrakt Diplomová práce se zabývá Problémy památkové péče na vybraných příkladech Plzeňského kraje, a to konkrétně státním zámkem Červené Poříčí a zámky Bezděkov u Klatov a Týnec u Klatov. Klade si za cíl identifikovat a následně porovnat přístupy památkové péče těchto vybraných zámeckých objektů z hlediska místního, časového, stavebně- historického a současného. V práci se autorka zamýšlí jednak nad smyslem kulturně historického dědictví, včetně jeho globální a také regionální povahy, jednak také nad...

Aim of the Historic Building as a Museum (Contemporary Architecture and Heritage Conservation Issues) thesis is to present limits and possibilities of architecture intervention in historical objects based on conversion material of chosen historic building for museum purposes. Selection of buildings makes an effort to introduce more point of views in given problematice using examples and picturial attachements.

La Huaca Ventarrón consta de un legado de más de 4000 años de antigüedad, lo cual la convierte en el primer centro ceremonial de la costa norte. Se tienen registros de Ventarrón desde inicios del siglo XX, pero, es desde el año 2007 que se preocuparon por intervenir en el sitio para conservar y proteger los restos infraestructurales del sitio arqueológico, detectando la vulnerabilidad de la zona arqueológica ante los efectos nocivos del cambio climático y la intrusión humana. Por tal razón, el objetivo de la presente investigación es proponer estrategias arquitectónicas para la protección de la huaca Ventarrón del departamento de Lambayeque. Siendo esta investigación descriptiva-no experimental, la cual implicó inicialmente una etapa de recolección de información a través de fuentes secundarias y visitas de campo y, posteriormente un análisis de estrategias arquitectónicas. El Centro Poblado Ventarrón es la población de esta investigación al encontrarse en las zonas adyacentes a los restos arqueológicos Los resultados indican que el factor principal del deterioro actual en la huaca es de origen humano, lo que ha llevado a la pérdida de objetos y de la infraestructura que protegía los restos arqueológicos. También, se observa que las estrategias implementadas en proyectos patrimoniales referentes para la protección de sitios arqueológicos buscan establecer una conexión con el entorno natural y la comunidad local. Por consiguiente, se concluye que las estrategias de re enterrar, apuntalamiento flotado, senderos y plataformas flotantes y membrana como cubierta son necesarias para mitigar el deterioro y proteger la Huaca Ventarrón. / Huaca Ventarron has a legacy of more than 4000 years old, which makes it the first ceremonial center of the north coast. There are records of Ventarron since the early twentieth century, but it is since 2007 that they were concerned about intervening in the site to preserve and protect the infrastructural remains of this archaeological site, detecting the vulnerability of the archaeological zone to the harmful effects of climate change and human intrusion. For this reason, the objective of this research is to propose architectural strategies for the protection of the Huaca Ventarron in the department of Lambayeque. This is a descriptive, non-experimental research, which initially involved a stage of information gathering through secondary sources and field visits and, subsequently, an analysis of architectural strategies. The Ventarron Village Center is the population of this research as it is located in the areas adjacent to the archaeological remains. The results indicate that the main cause of the current deterioration in the Huaca is of human origin, which has led to the loss of objects and the infrastructure that protected the archaeological remains. Also, it is observed that the strategies implemented in heritage projects for the protection of archaeological sites seek to establish a connection with the natural environment and the local community. Therefore, it is concluded that the strategies of reburying, floating shoring, floating trails and platforms, and membrane as a cover are necessary to mitigate deterioration and protect the Huaca Ventarron.

L’analyse des processus qui définissent la durabilité urbaine est au centre du débat actuel concernant le développement futur des villes. Dans ce contexte général que nous définissons de " course à la durabilité ", la ville historique se trouve simultanément confrontée à deux impératifs majeurs : d’un côté assurer la réalisation des objectifs du développement durable, de l’autre assurer la protection du patrimoine urbain.À partir de ces éléments, la thèse interroge la relation entre développement durable et protection du patrimoine urbain, à la fois d’un point de vue théorique et pratique, en posant la question de recherche suivante : dans quelle mesure la ville historique peut-elle devenir une ville durable tout en sauvegardant son patrimoine ? La recherche se divise en trois parties : une première partie consacrée aux aspects théoriques et épistémologiques, ayant pour but d’organiser et de rendre convergente la production scientifique actuelle, abondante mais sectorielle, de ces deux impératifs ; une deuxième partie de transposition du débat théorique international au contexte français, qui nous a permis d’évaluer la possibilité d’intégration des politiques de durabilité et de protection du patrimoine ; enfin, une troisième partie, plus opérationnelle, qui explore nos questionnements et hypothèses par l’étude détaillée de trois cas parisiens emblématiques. En démontrant que la durabilité est appelée à modifier les équilibres de la protection du patrimoine urbain, la thèse propose des éléments de réponse pour que ces deux impératifs puissent s’articuler et être mieux intégrés dans les politiques urbaines des villes historiques. / Over the past few decades sustainability concerns have gained central importance in the contemporary debate about the future development of cities. In this worldwide context a particular category of cities is suffering from pressures never seen before: the historic urban landscape, where urban conservation strategies must be integrated within the larger goals of overall sustainable development.In this frame, certain questions emerge: is it possible that sustainable development aims coexist with the principles of urban heritage preservation? What could it be the connection between urban heritage and sustainable development? How urban conservation can open up to sustainability, while keeping intact tangible and intangible values and heritage?Recognizing sustainability as a primary challenge that urban conservation faces, the thesis is divided in three parts: the first part is dedicated to the literature review, in order to converge the actual scientific production, abundant but sectorial; starting from an international perspective, the second part focuses on the French case study, reviewing the influence of national legislation concerning planning and environment, which includes sustainability aims, on urban conservation tools; lastly, the third part analyses critically the case study of Paris, emblematic to demonstrate the possible adaptation of urban conservation tools in order to take into account sustainability aims.The research finds that an integrated approach appears to be necessary, both at theoretical and operative level, and some first stage answers had been provided in this direction.

Thesis (M.A. (Anthropology) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Heritage conservation is an enormous challenge in South Africa. Although the National Heritage Resources Act (No 25 of 1999) (NHRA) is amongst the best heritage legislation in the world, implementation has proved to be problematic. NHRA made provision for the establishment of the Limpopo Heritage Resources Authority (LIHRA), an institution of the provincial government responsible to coordinate heritage management in the Limpopo Province. Currently, LIHRA’s duties are either not clearly articulated, or it is not exercising its authority prudently. Consequently, heritage conservation in the Limpopo Province is limited. This study explored the challenges experienced by LIHRA in the conservation and management of heritage resources in the Limpopo Province. It examined LIHRA’s mandate and duties, legislation, budget, physical resources, personnel profile, social responsibility challenges, local politics, infrastructure, and external developmental threats. Furthermore, it investigated LIHRA’s intergovernmental relations and cooperation with other government bodies. The attitudes of heritage site managers and other staff towards conservation and their working conditions, as well as execution challenges, were also documented. Lastly, the study examined the local community’s awareness and expectations of the work being done by LIHRA, as well as the need to conserve and manage heritage resources. The study selected members of the LIHRA council and the seconded LIHRA officials from the Department of Sports, Arts and Culture (DSAC), executives of Limpopo Economic Development, Environment and Tourism (LEDET), the Department of Public Works (DPW) and the South African Police Services (SAPS), and heritage manager at the Dzata in the Vhembe District, as well as the custodian of the Tšate Provincial Heritage Site in the Greater Sekhukhune District of the Limpopo Province. Furthermore, local community members of Ha-Mandiwana in the Vhembe District and in the Tšate Greater Sekhukhune District were also designated. These participants were nominated because of their involvement and knowledge in heritage conservation. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed, and a thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. v It has been established that LIHRA does not receive sufficient support from the provincial DSAC, even though the NHRA makes provision of the Member of the Executive Council (MEC) of DSAC to be accountable for it. LIHRA is not fully functional and is therefore unable to fulfil its mandate. This is due to a lack of adequate funds, staff, and physical (logistical) resources, such as vehicles. Therefore, most of its duties are performed by the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) on their behalf. Instead, it has been assigned to only perform Section 34 of the NHRA, which deals with the conservation of historic buildings. LIHRA is unable to attend to site visits or to interact with heritage site managers. Therefore, to the managers/custodians, LIHRA exists only in name. Furthermore, it comes as no surprise that local communities near heritage sites are not even aware of LIHRA’s existence. However, the museum section of DSAC oversees provincial heritage sites with museums, which effectively means that provincial sites, which do not have museums are neglected by both LIHRA and DSAC. In conclusion, LIHRA’s existence is very important for the survival of heritage resources in the Limpopo Province; hence the MEC must be held accountable for its under-performance. It is recommended that the MEC must ensure that LIHRA is provided with the essential tools it needs to become fully functional, commencing with legislation and a competency assessment from SAHRA. LIHRA must strengthen ties with other government departments to simplify heritage conservation in the province. Heritage managers/custodians need to have a close relationship with LIHRA to ensure that sites do not lose their provincial heritage status. However, for that to happen, LIHRA needs to be more proactive. Information about LIHRA must be accessible to the public, as heritage conservation is the responsibility of everyone, not only LIHRA.

This thesis is an ethnographic research of the cultural heritage conservation practices in İzmir, focusing particularly on the heritage site Historical Port City of İzmir’s conservation on individual, local, and global levels from an anthropological point of view. With its ongoing inscription process to UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the study aims, first, to understand the motivation behind this inscription, the current conservation practices in the city that are undergone by individual and local actors, and to analyze the impact and connection between the individual, local and global efforts to protect İzmir’s multicultural and multilayered heritage. Conducted during the 10-day long World Heritage Volunteers program “Heritage for the Future in the Historical Port City of İzmir” organized by the UNESCO World Heritage Education Program and Site Directorate of the Historical Port City of İzmir, the research employs the anthropological methods of participant observation, structured interviews, netnography, as well as multi-sensory ethnography. The study shows that the site’s WHL inscription is motivated by the desire to enhance the city’s further protection on different levels such as raising awareness, receiving financial help, and increasing its visibility to attract local, national, and international visitors and users. The same approach has also been observed within the current conservation practices conducted by local actors to preserve the multicultural values of the city and conserve its 8500 years of multilayered fabric that carries traces of Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Beylic, Ottoman, and Republican periods, stretching up to today. This short-term ethnographic research concludes that heritage conservation is a multi-level process where every level (individual, local, and global) and actor has an important role in the protection of the site’s integrity and the transmission of its values to future generations. Focusing on the current anthropological theories and studies on heritage and UNESCO, this case study of the Historical Port City of İzmir reflects that statement and points not only to the conservation of the city's past heritage but also to the fact that this cannot happen without addressing the city's contemporary needs such as sustainable development, cohesion, and the socio-economic prosperity of the city and its current inhabitants.

Starting from a simple observation of apparent neglect, this thesis aims to explore the heritage of the land of Villa Ada, a city park in Rome Italy. To do so, this study relates historical narratives regarding this piece of land, from the earliest human presence to formation of the current park. The narratives help engage the reader with the past of this land, and to anchor it into the current landscape. An online survey was conducted to address how the park is perceived today and what meaning the visitors and neighbors associate to it. By connecting the past to the present, and then looking forward, this thesis can contribute in opening a discussion about Villa Ada’s fate and the strategies that can be implemented for its effective long-term management. / Partendo da una semplice osservazione di apparente abbandono, questa tesi mira ad esplorare il patrimonio del terreno di Villa Ada, un parco urbano di Roma. Per fare ciò, questo studio mette in relazione narrazioni storico-ambientali riguardanti questo terreno, dalla prima presenza umana alla formazione del parco attuale. Le narrazioni aiutano a coinvolgere il lettore con il passato di questa terra e ad ancorarlo nel paesaggio attuale. Nel contesto di questo studio, è stato condotto un questionario online per valutare come il parco è percepito oggi e quale significato i visitatori e i vicini vi associno. Collegando il passato al presente, e quindi guardando avanti, questa tesi può contribuire ad aprire una discussione sul futuro di Villa Ada e sulle strategie che potrebbero essere attuate per una gestione efficace a lungo termine.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vad som skiljer de lämningar åt från kvarnverksamhet som inte finns i  Fornsök från de som är registrerade som kulturlämning. Historiskt kartmaterial har studerats för att försöka få en uppfattning om det är så att de inte platsar i ramen för en forn- kulturlämning, dvs tillkommen efter år 1850 och om det är därför de inte finns i registret. Alla lämningarna  från kvarnar i Forshälla socken går att återfinna på kartor före år 1850. Uppsatsen önskar också öka uppmärksamheten på denna typ av lämningar i skog och mark så att de erhåller ett starkare skydd när skogen ska avverkas. En analys har gjorts gällande var och en av lämningarna och miljön runt dessa och om de riskerar att skadas vid en avverkning av skogen. / The purpose of this essay is to investigate what distinguishes the remains from mill activities that are not found in Fornsök from those that are registered as cultural remains. Historical map material has been studied to try to get an idea of whether it is the case that they do not fit within the framework of an ancient cultural relic, i.e., added after the year 1850 and if that is why they are not in the register. All the remains from water mills in Forshälla parish can be found on maps before the year 1850. The essay also wishes to increase attention to this type of remains in forest and land so they can receive stronger protection when the forest is cut down. An analysis has been made of each of the remains and the environment around them and whether they are at risk of damage when the forest is harvested.

[ES] Esta tesis lleva a cabo una investigación exhaustiva e interdisciplinaria sobre la compleja interrelación entre el turismo patrimonial y el desarrollo sostenible, centrada en el estudio del patrimonio de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará, Uzbekistán. Utilizando métodos de investigación cualitativos y cuantitativos, incluyendo el análisis de estudios empíricos, entrevistas con interesados, encuestas y estudios de campo en sitios patrimoniales, la investigación proporciona una comprensión enriquecida de los problemas y oportunidades asociados con el aprovechamiento del patrimonio histórico para iniciativas de turismo sostenible. Este trabajo, centrado en cinco preguntas de investigación esenciales, examina los desafíos existentes en el camino del turismo sostenible de Bujará, tales como la insuficiencia de infraestructura, la falta de colaboración efectiva entre proveedores de turismo y el gobierno, y las perspectivas futuras de los interesados. Además, se presta especial atención a los principales agentes involucrados, incluyendo a los gerentes de instalaciones de alojamiento, operadores turísticos y dueños de restaurantes, el papel que desempeñan las asociaciones público-privadas a nivel de gobernanza regional, y su entendimiento conceptual de "Ruta de la Seda" y "Turismo sostenible". Uno de los componentes significativos de esta investigación es el diagnóstico y evaluación del patrimonio cultural de la ciudad de Bujará asi como de los proveedores e infraestructuras vinculadas con el destino turístico. Este diagnóstico y evaluaciónó concluye con la aplicación de un Índice de Aptitud Turística, un Índice de Potencial Turístico para Bujará y, basado en estos, un Modelo de Turismo. Este modelo está diseñado no solo para mejorar la confianza del cliente y el flujo de turistas, sino también para integrarse de manera fluida con las estructuras económicas y sociales del destino. Asimismo, se proponen estrategias prácticas para la conservación del patrimonio, vías para mejorar y promover la colaboración de interesados y facilitar el crecimiento económico sostenible. Se reconoce como un modelo que puede servir como base para otros sitios patrimoniales similares en Asia Central. La investigación ofrece reflexiones críticas sobre los resultados de sus hallazgos y aboga por una mayor colaboración entre el sector público y privado y la participación comunitaria, enfatizando la necesidad de un enfoque multidimensional en la implementación de la gobernanza. Asimismo, este estudio reitera la importancia de programas de educación y fortalecimiento de capacidades destinados a mejorar la comprensión de prácticas de turismo sostenible entre proveedores de servicios. En definitiva, esta investigación sirve como una contribución significativa a los campos del turismo patrimonial y el desarrollo sostenible aplicado al caso de estudio del sitio patrimonial de la ciudad de Bujará. El estudio demuestra que si el patrimonio histórico de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará es gestionado aplicando prácticas estables e inclusivas contribuirá significativamente a la prosperidad económica y social del destino. Además, este modelo puede servir para ser extrapolado a otros sitios patrimoniales similares. / [CA] Aquesta tesi duu a terme una investigació exhaustiva i interdisciplinària sobre la complexa interrelació entre el turisme patrimonial i el desenvolupament sostenible, centrada en l'estudi del patrimoni de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará, Uzbekistan. Utilitzant mètodes d'investigació qualitatius i quantitatius, incloent-hi l'anàlisi d'estudis empírics, entrevistes amb interessats, enquestes i estudis de camp en llocs patrimonials, la investigació proporciona una comprensió enriquida dels problemes i oportunitats associats amb l'aprofitament del patrimoni històric per a iniciatives de turisme sostenible. Aquest treball, centrat en cinc preguntes d'investigació essencials, examina els desafiaments existents en el camí del turisme sostenible de Bujará, com ara la insuficiència d'infraestructura, la falta de col·laboració efectiva entre proveïdors de turisme i el govern, i les perspectives futures dels interessats. A més, es presta especial atenció als principals agents involucrats, incloent-hi els gerents d'instal·lacions d'allotjament, operadors turístics i restaurants, el paper que exerceixen les associacions públic-privades a nivell de governança regional, i el seu enteniment conceptual de la "Ruta de la Seda" i el "Turisme sostenible". Un dels components significatius d'aquesta investigació és el diagnòstic i avaluació del patrimoni cultural de la ciutat de Bujará asi com dels proveïdors i infraestructures vinculades al desti turístic. Aquest diagnòstic i la evaluacion conclou amb l'aplicació d'un Índex d'Aptitud Turística, un Índex de Potencial Turístic per a Bujará i, basat en aquests, un Model de Turisme. Aquest model està dissenyat no sols per a millorar la confiança del client i el flux de turistes, sinó també per a integrar-se de manera fluida amb les estructures econòmiques i socials del destí. Així mateix, es proposen estratègies pràctiques per a la conservació del patrimoni, vies per a millorar i promoure la col·laboració d'interessats i facilitar el creixement econòmic sostenible. Es reconeix com un model que pot servir com a base per a altres llocs patrimonials similars a Àsia Central. La investigació ofereix reflexions crítiques sobre els resultats obtinguts i advoca per una major col·laboració entre el sector públic i privat i la participació comunitària, emfatitzant la necessitat d'un enfocament multidimensional en la implementació de la governança. Així mateix, aquest estudi reitera la importància de programes d'educació i enfortiment de capacitats destinats a millorar la comprensió de pràctiques de turisme sostenible entre proveïdors de serveis. En definitiva, aquesta investigació serveix com una contribució significativa als camps del turisme patrimonial i el desenvolupament sostenible aplicat al cas d'estudi del lloc patrimonial de la ciutat de Bujará. L'estudi demostra que si el patrimoni històric de la Ruta de la Seda en Bujará és gestionat aplicant pràctiques estables i inclusives contribuirà significativament a la prosperitat econòmica i social del destí. A més, aquest model pot servir per a ser extrapolat a altres llocs patrimonials similars. / [EN] This thesis conducts a comprehensive, interdisciplinary investigation into the complex interrelationship between heritage tourism and sustainable development, with a focus on the Silk Road heritage in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Employing qualitative and quantitative research methods, including the analysis of empirical studies, interviews with stakeholders, surveys, and field studies at heritage sites, the research provides an enriched understanding of the issues and opportunities associated with leveraging historical heritage for sustainable tourism initiatives. Centered around five core research questions, the study scrutinizes existing challenges in Bukhara's sustainable tourism pathway, such as the inadequacy of infrastructure, lack of effective collaboration between tourism providers and the government, and future prospects of stakeholders. Furthermore, particular attention is paid to the key stakeholders involved, including managers of accommodation facilities, tour operators, and restaurant owners, their role in public-private partnerships at the regional governance level, and their conceptual understanding of "Silk Road" and "Sustainable Tourism". One of the significant components of the research the diagnosis and evaluation of the cultural heritage of the city of Bukhara as well as of the suppliers and infrastructure linked to the tourist destination. This diagnosis and evaluation conclude with the application of a Tourism Aptitude of the Heritages, a Tourism Potential Index for Bukhara and, based on these, a Tourism Model. This model is designed not only to enhance customer trust and the flow of tourists but also to integrate seamlessly with Bukhara's economic and social structures. It proposes practical strategies for heritage conservation, stakeholder collaboration, and sustainable economic growth, serving as a blueprint for similar heritage sites across Central Asia. The research offers critical reflections on the results of its findings and advocates for greater public-private sector collaboration and community participation, emphasizing the need for a multidimensional approach to governance implementation. Furthermore, this study reiterates the importance of education and capacity building programs aimed at improving understanding of sustainable tourism practices among service providers. Ultimately, this research serves as a significant contribution to the fields of heritage tourism and sustainable development applied to the case study of the Bukhara city heritage site. The study demonstrates that if the historical heritage of the Silk Road in Bukhara is managed by applying stable and inclusive practices it will contribute significantly to the economic and social prosperity of the destination. Furthermore, this model can be extrapolated to other similar heritage sites. / Kilichov, M. (2023). The Silk Road Heritage Enhancement for Local Sustainable Tourism Development in Bukhara (Uzbekistan). Analysis and Diagnosis about the Current Situation [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/201551