Syftet med studien var att få en inblick i och förståelse för hur socialarbetare upplever arbetet med barn som är utsatta för hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck (HRV). Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ undersökning med sex semistrukturerade intervjuer av socialarbetare från olika delar av Sverige. Empirin analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Vidare har vi använt Lipskys teori om gräsrotsbyråkrater och Honneths teori om erkännande för att analysera och få en djupare förståelse för empirin. Resultatet visade att socialarbetare upplever flera utmaningar i arbetet med barn som lever i en hederskontext. De upplever att det saknas verkningsfulla arbetsmetoder gällande familjearbete och att föräldrarätten fortfarande väger tungt inom socialt arbete. Detta kan få negativa konsekvenser för barn som kan tvingas till umgänge med våldsutövande föräldrar. Studien visade även att det finns kunskapsluckor i ämnet HRV, både inom socialt arbete samt inom förskola och skola - verksamheter som lyfts fram som viktiga för att upptäcka förekomsten av HRV. Samverkan anses vara en framgångsfaktor i arbetet mot HRV och något som kan försvåra samverkan är kunskapsluckor. / The purpose of this study was to gain an insight and understanding of how social workers experience their work with children who’s been exposed to honor-based violence (HBV) and oppression. We have conducted a qualitative study with six semi-structured interviews with social workers from different parts of Sweden. The data was analyzed with a qualitative content analysis method. Additionally, we have used Lipsky’s theory about Street-level bureaucrats and Honneth’s recognition theory to analyze and gain a deeper understanding of empiricism. The result showed that social workers experience several challenges in their work with children who live in a context of honor-based violence. They lack effective working methods regarding family work and parental rights weigh heavily still within social work. This can cause negative consequences for children who could be forced to interact and spend time with violent parents. The study also showed that there are knowledge gaps on the subject of HBV, not only in social work but also in preschool, and school alike - institutions highlighted of paramount importance for the discovering of the prevalence of HBV. Collaboration is considered a strong success factor in the work against HBV, whereas knowledge gaps can contribute to difficulties in the subject.

This is a literature study of existing research. The study deals with honor-related violence and oppression from different perspectives. In this study we decided to start from international research but also to immerse ourselves in other literature such as books. Based on the collected material, we have framed three perspectives that we have used in our results. The purpose of this work is to: 1- study different perspectives on honor-related violence out of international research and even other literature dealing with honor-related violence. 2- to study how these research on honor-related violence describes the groups that are vulnerable as well as the root causes of their vulnerability. The result of this study, which is based on an intersectional perspective, shows that the group profiled as victims of honor-related violence has different perceptions because the vulnerability of honor can be attributed to different factors. In order to understand the complex situation of the target group, more research is essential in this area that can better explain.

The term “Honor related violence and oppression” is quite difficult to define, mainly because it is a concept that can be seen through many perspectives and also expressed in many forms, such as, violence, control but also murder. In the most recent years in Sweden, the amount of honor related crimes have risen as it has been gaining a lot of attention from the media. The result of this has made the government and the social services in Sweden invest their efforts in trying to combat and reduce the honor culture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is mainly to identify the difficulties and interventions in the work against honor culture. As the topic is wide and talked about in many countries, the search for literature had to be of quality, therefore we have mainly used scientific articles which we have analyzed and read through databases such as SwePub and Libsearch to study this phenomenon. After reviewing our chosen literature we put our analysis of the material to answer our question. Many of the workers and actors lack the certainty on how to act when dealing with such problems. This has resulted to affect the cooperation between the actors in their work against the honor culture. If the actors involved had a common approach or common definition of the problem, the cooperation would have improved along with the work in helping and being a resource towards the victims of the honor related violence and oppression. Although, it is a difficult level to reach since there are both advantages and disadvantages. But the common understanding would have been beneficial in the work as the uncertainty within the workers would have been reduced in relation to the problem. This will, though, turn out to be a difficult achievement because there are some explanations and approaches to the problem that have precedence, while some explanations and approaches are excluded.

Title: IN THE NAME OF GOD. THE YEARS 1096-1098 OF THE FIRST CRUSADE The purpose of this essay is an attempt to understand how God is understood during the First Crusade 1096-1098. How feelings such as fear, shame, betrayal are perceived and portrayed. An Emotional Historical approach. In addition, a qualitative text analysis is applied to see how the concepts are described in sources such as letters and a chronicle. My predominant result and how I understand my source material is that God is the greatest and the power that governs human destiny. As a result, he decides who wins the crusade. Fear is hidden or repressed by ascending into God plus the feeling of being fulfilled by Him. When doing something shameful you break the knight ideal. It occurs, and in some cases leads to an exclusion from the community of knights and nobles and exclusion from the church. Exclusion can be revoked by once more go on a crusade. Betrayal is attributed to the enemy but is used to the same degree by the Crusaders.

El presente trabajo se basa en la metodología cualitativa, el mismo que obedece al análisis de los divergentes pronunciamientos jurisprudenciales de nuestros tribunales, en la evaluación y calificación de la gravedad de la falta de injuria y faltamiento de palabra para habilitar el despido del trabajador, teniendo como propósito unificar las peculiaridades que configuran a la injuria y faltamiento de palabra, como falta “grave” que justifique el despido del trabajador. Asimismo este análisis responde debido a que el despido por falta grave de injuria o faltamiento de palabra consagrado en el articulo 25 inciso f) de productividad y competitividad laboral, sólo refiere sí el trabajador incurre en injuria o faltamiento de palabra, el empleador en ejercicio de su potestad sancionadora lo despedirá, al volverse insostenible el vínculo laboral; ante ello, el mencionado artículo no establece la “gravedad” de la falta para facultar el despido, quedando una libre valoración de esta que podría transgredir los derechos fundamentales del trabajador.

Mängden människor som spelar datorspel ökar, och det gör även bekymmerna om den ökande ‘toxiciteten’ inom tävlings inriktade online spel, som League of Legends och Overwatch. Detta är ett beteende som både Blizzard och Riot Games har erkänt och därmed har utvecklat mer avancerade system som har som syfte att stimulera positivt beteende istället för att bara straffa negativa beteenden. Nämligen Honor level systemet och Endorsement-systemet. I denna studie har vi valt att genomföra en teoretisk analys där vi jämför dessa två system för att avgöra hur de hindrar eller underlättar en negativt påverkande spelestetik. För att vi ska kunna beskriva hur en negativt påverkande spelestetik underlättas använder vi ‘underlättande estetik’, som representerar de kontextuella faktorerna som ger upphov till ett negativt påverkande spelarbeteende i tävlingsinriktade och lagbaserat spel. För att vi ska kunna avgöra hur en negativt påverkande spelestetik hindras använder vi ‘motiverande estetik’, som beskrivs som det "roliga" i spel. Vi börjar vår analys med att visualisera heders systemen, vi använder sedan denna visualisering för att bestämma spelmekaniken och deras dynamik för att vi ska kunna förutsäga det estetiska resultatet av dessa spelmekaniker i enlighet med MDA-ramverket och jämföra dem. Vi har upptäckt att, för att en spelmekanik ska underlätta en negativt påverkande spelestetik måste den ge upphov till en underlättande estetik. För att en spelmekanik ska hindra en negativt påverkande spelestetik måste den ge upphov till en motiverande estetik, men också stimulera positivt beteende. / As the amount of people that play video games is growing, so is the concern surrounding the increasing toxicity within competitive online games, such as League of Legends and Overwatch. This is a concern that both Blizzard and Riot Games have acknowledged, and have thus developed more advanced systems that intend to incentivize positive behavior instead of just punishing toxic behavior. Namely the Honor level system and Endorsement system. In this study, we intend to conduct a comparative theoretical analysis of these two systems to determine how they hinder or facilitate a toxic game aesthetic. For us to describe how a toxic game aesthetic is facilitated, we use facilitative aesthetics, which represents the contextual factors that give rise to toxic player behavior in competitive team-based games. For us to determine how a toxic game aesthetic is hindered, we use motivational aesthetics, which is described as the ‘fun’ in gameplay. We start our analysis by visualizing the honor systems to help us determine their mechanics and dynamics allowing us to predict the aesthetic outcomes in accordance with the MDA framework and compare them. We discovered a pattern that in order for a mechanic to facilitate a toxic game aesthetic, it needs to give rise to a facilitative aesthetic. For a mechanic to hinder a toxic game aesthetic it needs to give rise to a motivational aesthetic, but also incentivize positive behavior.

Abstract    Title        School counsellors work with children and youths who are exposed to honor-related violence and oppression, in relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child- A qualitative study.   Authors          Elinor Arnaout and Julia Johansson   Honor-related violence and oppression (HrvaO) is a phenomenon that has received increasing attention in the media, among others. This is especially so after the case of Fadime, who in 2002 was murdered by his father as a result of violating his family's code of honor. The starting point in HrvaO is that women's sexuality is something that must be controlled in order to preserve the family's honor (Länsstyrelsen, 2018). In an interview study, the aim was to investigate what tools and knowledge school counsellors perceive they have to work with HrvaO among high school students. Furthermore, the purpose was to investigate how the parties identify the vulnerability among the students. In addition, the authors have examined how the school counsellors work with HrvaO mainly in relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It imposes requirements on all relevant professionals, including counsellors, taking into account the best interests of the child in all decisions taken with a view to protecting the child. Consequently, it was of interest to examine whether school counselors’ work with HrvaO has changed since the Convention on the Rights of the Child became law in Sweden in 2020.   The results of the study have shown that the Convention on the Rights of the Child has not made it easier for the counsellors, which they explain is due to the fact that the Convention on the Rights of the Child does not provide any practical application in the work with vulnerable students. Furthermore, the study has shown that the school counsellors have tools for working with students who are exposed to HrvaO in the form of conversation methodology, contact with social services, honor-groups and relationship building. The conclusion is that HrvaO is a complex subject that needs to be researched to a greater extent in order to promote the professional's acquisition of knowledge. This is especially apparent when various dilemmas arise in the workplace where the professional experiences difficulties in prioritizing "the right solution". Keywords  Honor-related violence and oppression, school counsellors, Convention on the rights of the child, work methods.

This Master’s project aims to explore the challenges and possibilities the social services encounter when investigating honor related violence in childcare investigations. Furthermore, the project is investigating social workers’ perceptions and experiences of honor related violence (HRV) and if that aspect of violence makes any difference to the investigation of child abuse. A qualitative approach has been used, where interviews were held with ten social workers. The project’s result and analysis has been divided into three themes: Social workers knowledge regarding HRV, working methods used when investigating child abuse with elements of HRV   and the impact of the child perspective on different assessments concerning children in the same families.  The results show that the social worker's knowledge has a significant role in how a case is handled by the social services. The lack of in-depth knowledge among social workers regarding HRV can have consequences for the work in various ways. The study also shows that there is a need for social services to develop treatments that are adapted to honor-related violence. Finally, the conclusion of this study shows that the current legislation in Sweden could be further developed.

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