Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-29T15:32:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luizantoniodelimajunior.pdf: 940500 bytes, checksum: 086d20dfec87df8b8162f3516f1efb0e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T02:49:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luizantoniodelimajunior.pdf: 940500 bytes, checksum: 086d20dfec87df8b8162f3516f1efb0e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T02:49:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luizantoniodelimajunior.pdf: 940500 bytes, checksum: 086d20dfec87df8b8162f3516f1efb0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-17 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho estudou a dinâmica da relação entre o saldo externo chinês e o saldo externo norte-americano nos primeiro anos do século XXI. O estudo desta dinâmica se justifica uma vez que a mesma é apontada por muitos autores como uma das causas da crise subprime, ocorrida em 2008. Enquanto a China exerceu uma política externa agressiva, por meio de várias práticas como câmbio muito desvalorizado, tendo crescentes superávits em suas contas externas, os EUA tiveram crescentes déficits em suas contas externas, apoiados em déficits públicos e pela política monetária frouxa praticada pelo FED que provocou o forte aumento no consumo norte-americano. Com a finalidade de estudar esta dinâmica foram usados os testes de exogeneidade fraca, exogeneidade forte e superexogeneidade para mostrar a existência da relação entre o saldo externo destes dois países. Além disto, foram executados testes de causalidade no sentido de Granger na abordagem de Toda-Yamamoto (1995). A periodicidade dos dados usados engloba o primeiro trimestre de 1999 até o último trimestre de 2011, abarcando acontecimentos do pré-crise e do pós-crise. A conclusão que este trabalho chegou foi que realmente o desequilíbrio macroeconômico entre China e EUA tem uma relação causal, uma vez que, o teste de causalidade no sentido de Granger mostrou existir bicausalidade. Além disso, estes desequilíbrios estão relacionados com a crise de 2008, uma vez que foram detectadas quebras estruturais para o saldo externo dos dois países no ano de 2008 e a dinâmica do saldo em transações correntes do saldo externo chinês se modificou após a crise sbuprime. / This dissertation was a study of the global imbalances that occurred in the first years of twenty-first century. The analysis encompasses the two biggest countries in the world: USA and China. Many authors are defending that the relationship between the current account of these two countries was one important cause of the subprime crisis. While USA has increased its deficit in the last decade, China has improved its surplus. To investigate this relationship, this study used exogeneity tests. Moreover this dissertation used causality Granger tests in approach of Toda-Yamamoto. The results showed that there is a real causal relationship between USA and China external balance. Furthermore the global imbalances between these two countries contributed to the subprime crisis, because in the tests were detected structural breaks for the external balance of American and Chinese in 2008. The dynamics of the Chinese external balances changed after the subprime crisis.

The goal of this diploma thesis is to prove, that compensatory exercise affects positively locomotor system of SK Benešov U16 football players. Theoretical part of this theses analyses all existing sources and literature from the field of compensatory exercises, muscle imbalance and body posture. Main research-method used in this thesis is an experiment. I choosed football players from the younger adolescents footballers category U16 and U17 of the team SK Benešov. Football players from group U16 are the experimental group, while the others from U17 are the controlling group. To test the locomotor system I have chosen testing methods for unstreched and weakened muscles invented by Janda, Kabelíková and Vávrová. To test the body posture I used Matthias's test. Suitable compensatory programme was created for the players, with regard to entrance testing, which they had to apply for six months.In the middle of the testing period a control testing was conducted, to help to evaluate the correctness of the chosen exercises. After the evaluation of the final testing a conclusion was drawn, that the compensatory exercises do have a positive impact on locomotive system and body posture of football players U16. KEYWORDS Balance tools, body posture, football, compensatory exercise, muscle imbalance, injuries.

Title: Compensation program for youth in ice hockey. Objectives: The main goal of this work is to compile and verify the effectiveness of the compansation program for ice hockey players in the older school age category. Methods: In our work, we used the empirical qualitative type of research of one 10 - member control group of ice hockey players of the same age group, aged 12-13, conceived as a quasi-experiment. The muscle imbalances are evaluated in the practical part. Based on the results of the input diagnostics of the postural and phasic muscles we built a compansation program containing a battery of exercises set up to relaase, stretch and strengthen the most problematic areas of the movement apparatus of ice hockey players. The results evaluate the effectiveness of the compensation program, which has been running for ten months. Results: The work proved the hypothesis that the compansation program works. The compansation excercises positively influence the muscle imbalances. The control group has achieved better results in output testing. Keywords: Muscle imbalance, ice hockey, testing, compensation exercises, older school age.

The main aim of the Thesis is to evaluate the impact of introduction of so called Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (MIP) on the european economic governance system. This procedure was adopted as one of many measures by which the EU has responded to the economic crisis. The crisis has fully revealed, inter alia, inadequate coordination of economic policies in the EU. For a long time has been the tighter form of the coordinaton focused only on indicators of fiscal discipline. The first chapter of this thesis provides an explanation of the concept of european economic governance and its development since the signing of Treaty of Rome. The second chapter is devoted to the development and impact of the economic crisis in the EU and the measures that have been adopted at EU level in order to improve european economic governance. The core of the thesis is the third chapter which focuses on the analysis of development of indicators monitored during MIP. The fourth chapter provides an overview of the aspects that are newly included in European economic governance thanks to MIP.

This thesis deals with vibration diagnostics of electrical machines. The thesis describes vibrations and their measurement. The next section concernes the diffrent modes of elctrical machines. Vibration of machines are divided into electrical causes and mechanical causes. Practical part deals with the measurement of vibration on the machines and their subsequent analysis. The result of the practical part is determining the fault of the measured induction motors.

Les thérapies ciblées ont amélioré la survie des patients atteints de mélanome cutané métastatique, toutefois certains patients échappent au traitement. La réponse au traitement met en jeu des paramètres dépendants du patient, de la biologie de la tumeur, et de la survenue de mécanismes de résistance largement étudiés.Le but de ce travail est d’étudier deux marqueurs mesurables en pratique clinique lors du suivi des patients, pour leur potentiel prédictif de réponse aux inhibiteurs de BRAF en monothérapie, l’un biologique et l’autre pharmacologique : la charge allélique mutée (CAM), définie par le rapport muté/total, des oncogènes BRAF et NRAS, et la concentration plasmatique de vemurafenib (CPV).Nous rapportons pour la première fois la prévalence et les mécanismes du déséquilibre allélique des oncogènes BRAF et NRAS, défini par une CAM élevée (>60%) ou faible (≤30%), par opposition à une CAM « hétérozygote » équilibrée (entre 30 et 60%). Des arguments in vitro et in vivo soutiennent l’hypothèse qu’une CAM BRAFV600E >60% puisse être associée à une meilleure réponse aux inhibiteurs de BRAF. La CAM de NRAS ne semble pas être un marqueur pronostique au moment du diagnostic de mélanome, toutefois sa valeur prédictive sur la réponse aux inhibiteurs de MEK sera intéressante à étudier.Nous montrons pour la première fois l’impact du dosage de la CPV lors du suivi des patients traités en monothérapie. Une CPV basse serait prédictive d’une progression ; ainsi, la CPV semble être un marqueur prédictif original de réponse, pour lequel la valeur seuil ainsi que les mécanismes pharmacogénétiques impliqués restent à déterminer. / Targeted therapies have improved survival in patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma, but some patients escape treatment. Response to treatment involves parameters dependent of the patient, the tumor biology, and the occurrence of resistance mechanisms extensively investigated. The aim of this work is to study two measurable markers in clinical practice in patient monitoring, for their predictive potential of response to BRAF inhibitors monotherapy; the first one is biological and the other one is pharmacological: mutant allele burden (MAB), defined by the ratio mutant/total, of BRAF and NRAS oncogenes, and plasma vemurafenib concentration (PVC).We report for the first time the prevalence and the mechanisms of BRAF and NRAS oncogenic allelic imbalance, defined by a high (>60%) or a low (≤30%) MAB, as opposed to a balanced “heterozygous” MAB (30 to 60%). In vitro experiments and in vivo data support the hypothesis that a BRAFV600E MAB >60% may be associated with a better response to BRAF inhibitors. NRAS MAB does not seem to be a baseline prognostic marker, but its predictive value of response to MEK inhibitors will be interesting to investigate.We demonstrated for the first time the impact of CPV assay during the monitoring of patients treated with monotherapy. A low CPV would be predictive of progression; thus, CPV appears to be an original predictive marker of response, for which the threshold value and the involved pharmacogenetic mechanisms remain to be determined.

This thesis studies Chinua Achebe’s novel No Longer at Ease from a postcolonial perspective, specifically concentrating on its protagonist, the colonized Obi Okonkwo, and his antagonist, the colonizer Mr Green, using the theories of the literary critic Homi Bhabha. It argues that these two characters are hybrids in their ambivalent contact zone by demonstrating firstly, the coinciding presence of reciprocal feelings of sympathy/admiration and contempt, and secondly, that they are culturally cross-bred individuals. Additionally, this thesis examines the mimicry of Obi and reveals that it can be either strategic or subconscious in nature. It concludes that both mimicry and mockery have the potential to destabilize the structural power-imbalance between colonizer and colonized, thereby challenging colonial authority.

Bakgrund: Den psykiska ohälsan hos unga vuxna ökar i dagens samhälle. Långvarig stress kan ha negativa effekter på hälsan och finnande vilket kan leda till aktivitetsobalans. Unga vuxna utsätts för höga krav på prestation vilket är en bidragande faktor till ökad ohälsa idag. Redan under gymnasieåren är det viktigt att arbeta hälsofrämjande för att skapa goda förutsättningar för unga vuxnas framtida välbefinnande. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur gymnasieelever i årskurs tre upplever att stress påverkar deras aktivitetsbalans. Metod: En kvalitativ studiedesign med två fokusgruppdiskussioner genomfördes med åtta deltagare uppdelat i två fokusgrupper. Materialet analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: I resultatet framkom fyra kategorier: Stress inför framtiden och dess konsekvenser, Delaktighet i aktiviteter, Inställning och strategier och Stöd från skolan. Deltagarna upplevde stress inför framtiden orsakat av höga krav. Påfrestande perioder i skolan kunde leda till aktivitetsobalansen. Motivation och planering upplevdes som viktiga faktorer för att vara delaktig i vardagens olika aktiviteter vilket kunde leda till aktivitetsbalans. Deltagarna upplevde att lärarna skapade goda förutsättningar för välbefinnandet. Slutsats: Deltagarna upplevde att stressen periodvis påverkade aktivitetsbalansen negativt. Delaktigheten i fritidsaktiviteter och vilsamma aktiviteter påverkades i högre utsträckning under stressade perioder. Deltagarna belyste vikten av en god inställning och bra strategier för upplevd balans i vardagen. / Background: Mental illness amongst young adults are increasing in the society today. Long-term stress can cause negative effects on health and wellbeing which can lead to occupational imbalance. Young adults are exposed to high demands of pressure which is a contributory factor to increased mental illness. It is important to work as early as during high school years with health enhancing to create good prerequisites for young adult's future wellbeing. Aim: To describe how high school students in third year experience of how stress affects their occupational balance. Method: A qualitative study with two focus group discussions were used with eight participants divided in two groups. The material was analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. Result: The result displayed four categories: Stress in front of the future and its consequences, participation in activities, attitude and strategies, and support from school. The participants experienced stress in front of the future, caused by high demands. Strenuous periods in school could lead to occupational imbalance. Motivation and planning were experienced as important factors to participation in everyday activates, which could lead to occupational balance. The participants were experiencing that the teachers in school could create good prerequisites for their wellbeing. Conclusion: The participants experienced that stress periodically has a negative impact on occupational balance. Participation in leisure and restful activities were to a greater extent affected by stressful periods. The participants illustrated the importance of a good attitude and strategies to experience balance in everyday life.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur arbetsterapeuter i primärvården upplever att arbeta med unga vuxna med stressproblematik. Studien utgick ifrån kvalitativ forskningsansats bestående av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Deltagarna rekryterades med avsiktligt urval och snöbollsurval. Totalt deltog tio respondenter, samtliga befann sig på olika vårdcentraler runt om i Sverige. Materialet analyserades och tolkades av författarna och resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: Att ge patienter professionellt och känslomässigt stöd, Att skapa förståelse för aktivitetens betydelse och Att skapa förändring. Resultatet visade att arbetsterapeuter upplever att det ofta finns en obalans i aktiviteterna bland unga vuxna. Unga vuxna uppmuntras av samhällsnormer att ha många bollar i luften och har därför svårt att få återhämtande aktiviteter i sin vardag. Det resulterade i ökad stress och till slut total utmattning. Arbetsterapeuterna upplever att stressen hos unga vuxna växer på grund av obalansen i vardagen, attityder och att de har otillräckligt med strategier för att hantera stressfyllda situationer. Gruppbehandling upplevs som ett bra verktyg att skapa diskussioner kring stress och lyfta bort stigmat från stressproblematiken. Arbetsterapeuterna upplevde svårigheter vid målformuleringen då patienterna formulerade prestationsinriktade mål. Störst förändring upplevdes vara de små förändringarna i vardagen. Detta gjorde skillnad för rehabiliteringen. Slutsatsen var att känslomässigt och professionellt stöd upplevdes som viktigt. Erfarenhet visar att förståelse för aktivitetens betydelse behövs för att skapa förändring. / The aim of this study was to investigate occupational therapists, working in primary health care center, experience and perception of working with young adults with stress related disorders. The study progressed emanated from a qualitative method consisting of semi structured interviews. Participants were recruited from different health care centers, with a purposive sampling and a snowball sampling, totally ten participants participated. The material was analyzed and interpreted and resulted in three main categories: To give the patient professional and emotional support, To create understanding for the significance of activities and To create change. The results show that occupational therapists perceived that the cause of stress was imbalance in the activities of young adults. They are encouraged by societal norms to multitask and to keep busy and they have difficulties to implement recovering activities. This contributed to increased stress and finally led to exhaustion. Group treatment was perceived as a good tool to create discussions about stress and to remove the stigma from stress related disorders. The occupational therapists experienced difficulties in formulating prestige driven goals. The biggest change was perceived to be the small changes in everyday life, this made a difference for the rehabilitation. The conclusion was that emotional and professional support is important. Experience also shows that creating understanding for the significance of activities is needed to make a change.

Defining ambiguity as investor's uncertainty about the precision of the observed information, Chapter One constructs an empirical measure of ambiguity based on analysts' earnings forecast information, and finds that the market tends to react more negatively to highly ambiguous bad news, while it tends to be less responsive to highly ambiguous good news. This result supports the theoretical argument of Epstein and Schneider (2003, 2008) that ambiguity-averse investors take a worst-case assessment of the information precision, when they are uncertain about the information precision. In addition, Chapter One shows that returns on stocks exposed to highly ambiguous and intangible information are more negatively skewed. Chapter Two finds that certain traders are informed about either the forthcoming analysts' forecasts or long-term value of the stock, and informed traders prefer to use medium-size trades to exploit their private information advantage. Specifically, medium-size trade imbalance prior to the forecast announcements is positively correlated with the nature of forecast revisions, while in the days immediately after the forecasts medium-size trade imbalance is positively correlated with future stock returns for up to four months. Small-size trade imbalance is also positively correlated with future returns but only following downward revisions. In contrast, it is also shown that large trades placed right after the forecasts are unprofitable and generate slightly negative profits in the long run. Overall, our results are consistent with the "stealth trading hypothesis" proposed by Barclay and Warner (1993).