La presente investigación propone la alternativa de uso de caucho reciclado con el fin de mejorar el diseño de la mezcla para pavimento a nivel de base granular del material de la planta de Chupuro , con el propósito predominante de estabilizar la base del material estudiado , para así minimizar el deterioro del pavimento causado por cargas de tránsito y los permanentes y continuos mantenimientos que en la actualidad se vienen dando a los pavimentos , es por ello que se analizó la incidencia el material en el valor de CBR . El objetivo de esta investigación es darle uso al caucho reciclado obtenido de los neumáticos, cámaras de bicicletas, recortándolos de manera manual y rustica en pequeñas dimensiones de tamaño de una fibra para facilitar su posterior incorporación en el material de la base granular en pavimentos.

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Seminario para optar al Grado de Licenciado en Ciencias Políticas y Gubernamentales Mención: Gestión Pública / Esta investigación se enmarca entre los estudios cualitativos y busca comparar los modos de participación ciudadana en base a dos casos de comunas en Chile: La Pintana y Las Condes en el período 2012-2017. El resultado de esta investigación señala que las principales diferencias entre ambas comunas se enmarcan en 5 dimensiones, frecuencia de los usos de los modos de participación ciudadana, los enfoques sobre la participación ciudadana que presenta cada una de estas comunas, la voluntad de los funcionarios hacia la participación ciudadana, el entorno organizacional que rodea al Municipio (organizaciones de la sociedad civil) y la capacidad de incidencia de los vecinos de estas comunas. / This works is a qualitative effort which general purpose is to compare the ways of citizen governance, based in two cases of comunas in Chile: La Pintana and Las Condes during 2012-2017. The results of this efforts points out that the most important differences between both cases are basically categorized in 5 dimensions, the frequency, the approach to the topic from the local government, bureaucrats willingness to citizen governance, the civil society organizations and the impact that citizens can have in public policy in this comunas.

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In the present we expose the results of the study about burnout syndrome incidence in a sample of 233 educators (127 male and 106 female) with an age range among 20 and 65 years old, who work in public and private schools in Arequipa City. The Maslach Burnout Inventory for Educators was applied and the results show that 93,7% of male educators has a moderate level of burnout and 6,3% has a severe level, meantime 91,5% of female teachers has a moderate level and 7,5% has a severe level of burnout. Major percentage of male teachers has higher punctuations in exhaustion, cynicism and inefficacy; than female educators. Moreover, we found significant relations (p<,000) among type of educative administration and cynicism and inefficacy. As conclusion, male teachers are more severe affected by burnout syndrome than female teachers, who dedicate to teach students in basic education level / En la presente comunicación se exponen los resultados del estudio de la incidencia del síndrome de burnout en una muestra de 233 profesores (127 varones y 106 mujeres) con un rango de edad de 20 a 65 años que laboran en instituciones educativas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Arequipa. Se aplicó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para profesores y se encontró que el 93,7% de los profesores tiene un nivel moderado de burnout y el 6,3% tienen un nivel severo, mientras que el 91,5% de las docentes tiene un nivel moderado y el 7,5% tiene un nivel severo de síndrome de burnout. Un mayor porcentaje de varones que de mujeres obtiene puntuaciones más elevadas en agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y baja realización personal. Además, se hallaron relaciones significativas (p<,000) entre el tipo de gestión educativa y la despersonalización y la baja realización personal. Se concluye que los varones se ven ligeramente más afectados por el síndrome de burnout en un nivel moderado, aunque estas diferencias no son significativas, y que las mujeres tienen un grado de estrés más severo.

Introducción: El complemento de la Razón Mortalidad-Incidencia [1 - RMI], ha sido sugerido como un proxy válido para hallar la supervivencia a cinco años de cáncer. Su validez aún no ha sido reportada en el Perú. El presente estudio busca establecer si esta razón guarda una correlación directa con la supervivencia de los pacientes con cáncer a cinco años en Lima Metropolitana. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizó el Registro de Cáncer de Lima Metropolitana (RCLM) del 2004-2005 de donde se obtuvo la incidencia y mortalidad por tipo de neoplasia y la supervivencia observada. A partir de estas, se buscó correlacionar [1 - RMI] con la supervivencia observada a cinco años de diez tipos de neoplasias seleccionadas (Mama, estómago, próstata, tiroides, pulmón, colon, linfoma no Hodgkin, cuello uterino, hígado y leucemia) mediante el modelo de regresión lineal. Resultados: Considerando los diez tipos de cáncer estudiados, se realizó una regresión lineal en donde se encontró correlación entre la supervivencia observada a cinco años y [1-RMI]. De las diez neoplasias, cinco tuvieron una correlación muy alta, siendo estas: Mama, próstata, hígado, tiroides y leucemia. Conclusión: El complemento de la Razón Mortalidad Incidencia [1-RMI] es una buena herramienta para la aproximación de la supervivencia observada a cinco años para los diez tipos de neoplasias estudiadas. Demostrándose la validez del modelo como predictor de supervivencia a cinco años en pacientes con cáncer, para Lima Metropolitana. / Introduction: Mortality-Incidence Ratio complement [1 - (M / I)] has been suggested as a valid proxy to find the five-year cancer survival. Its validity has not been assessed in Peru, so this study seeks to establish whether this ratio has a direct correlation with five-year cancer survival in Metropolitan Lima. Methods: The Metropolitan Lima Cancer Registry of 2004-2005 was used to obtain the incidence and mortality rates by type of neoplasia and survival rates. From these, we looked to correlate [1 - (M / I)] with five-year observed survival rates of ten types of selected cancers (Breast, stomach, prostate, thyroid, lung, colon, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cervical, liver and leukemia), using a linear regression model. Results: Considering the types of cancer studied, the regression line approximates the perfect line with indicating a good correlation between the studied parameters. The types of neoplasm that obtained a better correlation between [1- (M / I)] and observed survival were: Breast, prostate, liver, thyroid and leukemia. Conclusion: The Mortality- Incidence Ratio complement [1- (M / I)] is a good tool for approximating the five-year survival rate for the ten types of cancer studied. This study demonstrates the validity of the method, showing that the model can be applied in Metropolitan Lima and for the types of malignancies studied. / Tesis

Parvovirus B19 is a common human pathogen that typically infects erythroid progenitors and causes hematological problems such as anemia and aplastic crises. The clinical presentation depends mainly on the immunological status of the patient. PVB19 can cause serious clinical disorders in immunocompromised patients after transplantation. More than 1500 samples from 90 patients who passed the HSCT in 2015 were tested for the presence of PVB19 in this work. This work describes the incidence of the virus and two typical periods of onset of infection in patients after the transplantation. Although several sources report the negative effect of PVB19 infection on the survival of allogeneic graft patients, this work did not confirm this assertion. Also, the results of this work suggest that allogenic grafts are not the main source for transmission, but that it is likely to be reactivated after long-term persistent or latent PVB19 infections. PVB19 is divided into 3 genotypes. Genotype 1 is the most widespread, genotype 2 is very rare in Europe for the last 10 years, and genotype 3 occurs mainly in tropical localities. This work as the first describes the distribution of genotypes in the Czech Republic. More than 130 samples from 125 PVB19 positive patients, stored in the Motol University Hospital from 2004...

[pt] Escoamentos aerodinâmicos externos sobre membranas e aerofólios finos representam um enorme desafio para simulações numéricas, tendo em vista os diversos e complexos regimes de escoamento presentes, que incluem separa ção da camada limite, transição da camada de mistura para regime turbulento, recolamento, relaminarização da camada limite, e formação de bolhas de recirculação primárias e secundárias. Uma maior compreensão sobre estas estruturas é obtida através da simulação numérica de grandes escalas (LES) do escoamento sobre placas planas e finas, com ângulos de incidência entre um e três graus e número de Reynolds superior a 105. A necessidade do emprego de malhas não uniformes, geralmente imposta por escoamentos externos, provoca instabilidades numéricas em esquemas não dissipativos, sendo duas possíveis soluções apresentadas nesse trabalho. A primeira delas é baseada num modelo sub-malha tradicional, onde a estabilidade numérica é alcançada através de um esquema numérico misto, no qual o esquema de diferenças centrais é empregado em regiões com intensas atividades turbulentas, enquanto que um esquema dissipativo é empregado nas regiões onde a malha sofre grandes variações espaciais e a atividade turbulenta é desprezível. Uma segunda solução baseia-se num termo de forçamento idealizado para atenuar apenas as menores escalas. Quando comparadas a estudos prévios utilizando médias de Reynolds (RANS), ambas as alternativas se mostraram adequadas, disponibilizando resultados bem mais precisos para perfis de velocidade, flutuações turbulentas e pressões médias. Em particular, o comprimento da bolha de recirculação foi previsto com menos de 5% de discrepância em relação a dados experimentais, contrastando com valores maiores que 20%, obtidos com o modelo RANS K - W / [en] Aerodynamic flows around thin airfoils and membranes are very challenging to simulate accurately because of complex flow structures, including geometry-induced separation of the boundary layer, shear layer transition to turbulent behavior, reattachment, relaminarization of the boundary layer, and formation of primary and secondary recirculation bubbles. A physical insight on these structures can be obtained through the numerical Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of the flow around a simpler geometry, the thin flat plate, at shallow incidences of one and three degrees and Reynolds number above 105, which is the focus of this investigation. In order to avoid the numerical instabilities associated with the mesh spreading generally required by such external flow, two solutions have been developed and tested. The first one consists of the traditional sub-grid model used along with a mixed numerical scheme, in which a stable but dissipative part is active only in turbulence-free zones where mesh is highly non-regular, while an unstable but non-dissipative scheme is employed in turbulence- crytical zones, where the mesh is as regular as possible. The second solution, developed and validated in the current investigation, is based on a damping force, aimed to eliminate the smaller scales while preserving as much as possible all other structures. Compared to previous investigations using Reynolds Average (RANS) equations, both solutions provided more accurate and detailed information about the flow, including velocity, pressure and turbulent fluctuations mean profiles, allowing a deeper physical understanding. In particular, the main bubble reattachement lenght was predicted within 5% of the experimental data, while K - W RANS results were found to disagree in more than 20%.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:30:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna Pellegrino Gentile.pdf: 1155189 bytes, checksum: e844836cc30348c2aa014910ee89f47b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-25 / The Service Tax (ISS) is a levy under the jurisdiction of the Municipalities and the Federal District, as expressed in the article 156 of the Federal Constitution. The Supplementary Law 116/2003, established in its Article 3th, that the service is considered provided and the tax due in the place of the providing establishment, or in its absence, in the place where the taxpayer legal domicile is located. However, it instituted twenty-two exceptions to the mentioned general rule, which says that ISS should be collected to the Municipality where the services were effectively provided. Thus, several doubts emerge when a taxpayer provides services in a municipality different from the one where his providing service is located, since a conflict among the jurisdiction power of the municipalities can arise, due to the fact that they both want to receive the levied tax on the service. Nowadays, the jurisprudence of some courts of law has been conferred prestige to the arrangements provided in the supplementary legislation in relation to the place of the provision of services, despite the consolidated jurisprudence in the STJ during the term of the prior legislation, whose position was in the sense that the Municipality to tax the ISS should be the one where the services were effectively provided. This study analyses the spatial criteria of the rule of right of levied incidence of the ISS (Service Tax) to determine to which municipality should the levy be collected / O Imposto Sobre Serviços de Qualquer Natureza (ISS) é um tributo de competência dos Municípios e o Distrito Federal, conforme a exata dicção do art. 156 da Constituição Federal. A Lei Complementar 116/2003, estabeleceu em seu art. 3º, que o serviço considera-se prestado e o imposto devido no local do estabelecimento prestador ou, na sua ausência, no local onde está situado o domicílio do prestador. Contudo, instituiu vinte e duas exceções à referida regra geral, que estabelecem que o ISS deve ser recolhido ao Município onde os serviços foram efetivamente prestados. Assim, diversas dúvidas surgem quando um contribuinte presta serviços em Município diverso daquele onde está situado o seu estabelecimento prestador, pois pode se instalar um conflito de competência entre os Municípios, que visam receber o ISS incidente sobre aquela prestação de serviços. Atualmente, a jurisprudência de alguns tribunais tem prestigiado as disposições previstas na legislação complementar relativamente ao local de prestação de serviços, apesar da jurisprudência pacificada no STJ durante a vigência da legislação anterior, cujo posicionamento firmado era no sentido de que o Município competente para tributar o ISS deveria ser aquele onde os serviços eram efetivamente prestados, não importando onde estivesse situado o estabelecimento prestador. Busca o presente estudo analisar o critério espacial da regra-matriz de incidência tributária do ISS (Imposto sobre Serviços de Qualquer Natureza) para determinar para qual Município tal tributo deverá ser recolhido