O objetivo de colaborar com o equacionamento da problemática do crescimento populacional por meio de uma proposta viável economicamente, e com vantagens tecnológicas com vistas à durabilidade para a armazenagem de gêneros alimentícios em baixas temperaturas motivou o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, na qual se propõe o uso do concreto como material alternativo para a construção de sistemas de guarda e conservação de alimentos. A partir de um adequado método de dosagem e da tecnologia desenvolvida pelo grupo de pesquisadores do Laboratório de Materiais Avançados à Base de Cimento, foram elaborados dois concretos diferenciados pela incorporação ou não de ar. A durabilidade do concreto para ambientes com baixas temperaturas tem sido relacionada a um sistema de vazios de ar com volume de 6 '+ OU -' 1 % e adequado espaçamento entre as bolhas de ar. O desempenho desses concretos em ambientes com baixas temperaturas foi avaliado acondicionando-os em uma câmara fria com temperatura de - 35 ± 2 graus Celsius. A sanidade dos corpos-de-prova foi monitorada por meio de ensaios não destrutivos (i.e. determinação da freqüência natural). O período de exposição foi de trinta e cinco dias, sendo que após o sétimo dia ocorreu a estabilização dos valores da freqüência natural dos corpos-de-prova. Os dois tipos de concretos ensaiados - com ar incorporado e sem ar incorporado - mostraram-se resistentes nestas condições de ensaio. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os concretos, de acordo com o método utilizado, atendem a todos os requisitos para os quais foram projetados / The aim to collaborate with the set out of the world population increase problem, using a feasible and economical proposal, with technology advantages, destined to store foodstuff in low temperatures, motivated the development of this research, that suggests concrete as an alternative material to storage and conservation foodstuff system construction. Starting from the concrete design with an adequate method, and based on the technology developed by worker group of Laboratory of Advanced Cement Based Materials, were designed two kinds of concrete: with and without incorporated air. The durability of concrete in low temperatures environment were related to air voids system with 6 '+ OU -' 1% of air content, and to adequate spacing between air voids. The concrete behaviour in low temperatures environment was evaluated placing the specimens in a cold chamber, whose temperatures were about -35 '+ OU -' 2 Celsius degrees. The integrity of the specimens was evaluated by non-destructive method (determination of natural frequency). The exposure period of the specimens was thirty five days, but at seventh day the natural frequencies values were stabilized. Both kind of concrete were resistant in this condition. The obtained results show that concretes, in conformity to the used methodology, performed all requirement for that were designed

Aminoclay belongs to a large group of organic modified materials based on clays. These materials could find many potential practical applications and, in particular, may be used as a matrix with the ability of the organisation and stabilisation of incorporated substances. The utilisation of aminoclay in the field of medical applications seems highly prospective, but there is the need to visualise the clay system and the processes within it. This essay deals with the issue of aminoclay visualisation by means of fluorescent spectroscopy. Through fluorescent spectroscopy, aminoclay was discovered to be autofluorescent. The autofluorescence of aminoclay is not usable in practical applications because of the low fluorescence intensity. This is the reason for the research into other possibilities for modifications of the internal structure of aminoclay by europium ions. These ions in chelated form are able to be fluorescent and modifications of the external structure are possible by electrostatic implementation of fluorescent dyes. Characterisation of the prepared complexes was provided by spectrofluorimetry and fluorescent microscopy for the purpose of evaluation of the practical application of aminoclay.

Summary in German and English / This thesis aims at the integration of the concept of habitus, as introduced by Pierre Bourdieu, with the concept of worldview as defined by Paul G. Hiebert develop implications for the missiological discipline and the analysis of the human condition. In a first step the concept of worldview is introduced and integrated into the anthropological discipline from within the life and work of Paul G. Hiebert. The confinement of the concept within the cognitive realm is worked out subsequently and the necessity of a complimentary concept is underlined. In a second step the concept of habitus as defined by Pierre Bourdieu is introduced and explained within his biography, research tradition and his sociological framework. In the concluding chapter a synthesis is provided to integrate habitus with worldview building upon the complimentary nature of the concepts. The cognitive bias of worldview is amended through the incorporated nature of habitus. This leads to an augmented research methodology which includes practical analysis of habitus. / Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, das in der Missionswissenschaft gebräuchliche Konzept der Weltanschauung, vorgestellt von Paul G. Hiebert, durch das Konzept des Habitus, vorgestellt von Pierre Bourdieu, zu ergänzen und Schlussfolgerungen für die missiologische Disziplin und die praktische Analyse menschlicher Wirklichkeit zu ziehen. Zunächst wird das Konzept der Weltanschauung anthropologisch verortet und am Leben und Werk Paul G. Hieberts konkret dargestellt. Die kognitive Engführung des Begriffs wird dabei herausgearbeitet, die Notwendigkeit einer Ergänzung zur vollständigeren Beschreibung menschlicher Wirklichkeit herausgestellt. In einem zweiten Schritt wird Pierre Bourdieu seiner Tradition und Biographie nach eingeordnet, sein Habituskonzept eingeführt und innerhalb seiner soziologischen Konzepte erklärt. In der abschließenden Synthese wird auf die vorher ausgearbeitete Komplementarität der Konzepte aufgebaut und die kognitive Engführung von Weltanschauung durch das Habituskonzept ergänzt. Die Zusammenschau von Habitus und Weltanschauung ermöglicht eine breitere Darstellung menschlicher Wirklichkeit. Erweiterte Forschungsmethoden und -gebiete, welche den Habitus mit einbeziehen, werden im Abschluss definiert und vorgestellt. / Christian Spirituality, Church History & Missiology / M.Th. (Missiology)

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis evaluates and explores the function of Private Military Companies (PMCs) on the African continent. The phenomenon of PMCs evolved after the end of the Cold War. This study focuses on the relevant international and national legislation regulating PMCs that conduct active military assistance operations. These PMC operations have a strategic impact on the political, social, economical and security environments of the areas in which they are contracted to operate. The purpose of the thesis is to assess whether PMCs are efficient and cost effective, can be held accountable and to whom, and if current legislation (national and international) regulating PMCs is sufficient. This thesis is a literature survey that seeks descriptive and comparative information relevant to the purpose of this study. It deals with that information qualitatively. No empirical research has been conducted. It is therefore not an opinion survey as no questionnaires have been completed, although interviews with knowledgeable people have been conducted. The thesis focuses on the operations conducted by the now defunct Executive Outcomes (of the Republic of South Africa), a combat type PMC in Angola and Sierra Leone and Military Professional Resources Incorporated (of the United States of America), a non-combat type PMC in Equatorial Guinea. The study concludes that PMC operations through legitimate government contracts at international level are indeed legitimate. The regulations (international and national, if they exist) regarding PMCs are not sufficient, and allow for many grey areas. PMCs that operate in this sphere of grey areas are unacceptable for the international community in the current milieu. PMCs are, however, operating in a vacuum of accountability and regulation (international and national). With sufficient legislation, PMCs could be the new peacemakers. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis evalueer en ondersoek die funksionering van Privaat Militêre Maatskappye (PMM’e) en hul werksaamhede in Afrika. Die PMM-verskynsel het voortgespruit uit die stilstand van die Koue Oorlog. Die tesis fokus op die relevante internasionale en nasionale wetgewing rakende PMM’e wat aktief in een of ander formaat by militêre operasies betrokke is. Hierdie PMM-operasies het ’n beduidende strategiese impak op die sosio-politiese, ekonomiese en sekuriteitareas van die gebiede waartoe hul gekontrakteer is. Die doel van die tesis is om die effektiwiteit en koste-effektiwiteit van PMM’e te evalueer, asook om uit te vind of hulle aanspreeklik is en aan wie hulle verantwoording moet doen. Daar is ook gefokus op huidige wetgewing (internasionaal sowel as nasionaal) rakende PMM’e om die doeltreffendheid van sodanige wetgewing te bepaal. Hierdie tesis is ‘n opname van beskrywende en vergelykende literatuurstudies, relevant tot die doel van die tesis. Inligting is kwalitatief aangewend. Geen empiriese navorsing is onderneem nie. Hierdie tesis is ook nie gebaseer op ‘n meningsopname nie. Geen vraelyste is ingevul nie, maar daar is wel onderhoude met kenners van die betrokke vakgebied gevoer. Die tesis fokus op die vroeëre werksaamhede van die ontbinde “Executive Outcomes” as Suid-Afrikaanse PMM wat aktief betrokke was by oorlogvoering in Angola en Sierra Leone en ook op die steeds aktiewe Amerikaanse PMM “Military Professional Resources Incorporated” wat in Ekwatoriaal Guinieë werksaam is en wat nie aktief by oorlogvoering betrokke raak nie. Die tesis kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat PMM-kontrakte wat bekom word deur legitieme regeringskontrakte op internasionale vlak wel legitiem is. Daar is bevind dat wetgewing (internasionaal en nasionaal, waar wel beskikbaar) rakende PMM’e egter nie voldoende en effektief is nie. Daar is steeds baie grys areas rakende verantwoordbaarheid en wetgewing van PMM’e. Dit is in hierdie grys areas waarin baie PMM’e funksioneer en waardeur hulle onaanvaarbaar vir die internasionale gemeenskap in die huidige klimaat is. Doeltreffende wetgewing kan moontlik verseker dat PMM’e die nuwe vredemakers kan word.

This investigation into local government and politics surrounding the liquor question significantly unveils the turmoil within a community over an issue of intense interest, It illustrates how a gap in legislation enabled subversion of incorporation laws and violation of the majority will by a small but determined group. The pressures and tactics used by both opposing interests in this crisis reveal misuse of the law, possible pay-offs, secret meetings of public bodies, and other illicit occurrences. More importantly, it demonstrates the respect well-meaning citizens have for established law and order. Both sides fought hard for their interests and beliefs, but when appeals had been made to the highest authority, and the ultimate decision had been rendered, then all adherents accepted the reality of the situation, and co-exist on increasingly friendly terms.

Thesis (MBus) -- AUT University, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (x, 130 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.) in the Archive at the City Campus (T 796.0440993 CLE)

Submitted by Guilherme Pereira das Neves NEVES (gneves@nseb.com.br) on 2017-12-08T13:43:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME NEVES - 08.12-versão final pós banca - 06-12-2017 (00088671xDAE77)-1 (002).pdf: 2533438 bytes, checksum: e1de02bc7e0a2aae008c392a5cbfae68 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2017-12-08T14:28:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME NEVES - 08.12-versão final pós banca - 06-12-2017 (00088671xDAE77)-1 (002).pdf: 2533438 bytes, checksum: e1de02bc7e0a2aae008c392a5cbfae68 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-08T16:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME NEVES - 08.12-versão final pós banca - 06-12-2017 (00088671xDAE77)-1 (002).pdf: 2533438 bytes, checksum: e1de02bc7e0a2aae008c392a5cbfae68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-13 / A legislação fiscal brasileira estabelece como condição necessária para a dedução fiscal do ágio pago na aquisição de participação em empresas brasileiras a ocorrência de evento especial de incorporação. Diante dela, investidores não residentes constituem holdings no país, as quais (i) ou realizam diretamente as correspondentes aquisições, ou (ii) servem de receptoras da participação societária adquiridas ordinariamente por suas controladoras no exterior. As referidas holdings são posteriormente incorporadas pelas empresas operacionais cujas participações societárias foram adquiridas, de modo que estas passam a deduzir fiscalmente o ágio. A Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB) entende que a utilização de sociedade holdings nesse contexto é artificial, uma vez que este tipo de estrutura societária oculta o real adquirente do investimento. Por esta razão desconsidera as referidas sociedades para fins tributários. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa pretende demonstrar que o ato de requalificação empreendido pelas autoridades fiscais, se considerado válido, gera como consequência jurídica ofensa à regra de não discriminação prevista no art. 2º da Lei nº 4.131/62, assim como ao princípio constitucional da igualdade tributária previsto no art. 150, II, da CF/88. / Brazilian tax law establishes as a mandatory condition for tax deduction of the goodwill paid upon the purchase of equity interest in Brazilian companies the occurrence of a special merger event. In view of that, non-resident investors incorporate holding companies in Brazil which either (i) perform the corresponding purchases directly, or (ii) serve as receivers of the equity interest originally purchased by their parent companies abroad. Said holding companies are subsequently downstream merged into the operating companies whose equity interests were acquired, and as a result they can deduct the goodwill paid for tax purposes. The Brazilian Federal Revenue Office ([Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB)] understands that the use of holding companies in that context is rather artificial, to the extent that this type of equity structure disguises the actual purchaser of the investment. For that reason, it disregards said holding companies for tax purposes. In this context, this research is intended to demonstrate that the act of requalification performed by tax authorities, if deemed to be valid, generates as a legal consequence the violation of the non-discrimination rule established by article 2 of Law No. 4,131/62 [Lei 4.131/62], as well as the constitutional principle of tax equality provided for by article 150, II of the Federal Constitution of 1988.

No description available.

Memoria para optar al título de Geógrafo / La presente investigación tiene por objetivo elaborar una Propuesta de Gestión Integral para el Manejo de Residuos Sólidos Domiciliarios (RSD) para la comuna de Macul. Ella se fundamentó en la implementación de una estrategia de gestión enfocada en la sustentabilidad de este tipo de residuos en una comuna intermedia de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. Es así que se definen lineamientos de gestión integral presentando una zonificación de gestión jerarquizada de los residuos, aplicando criterios urbanos, ambientales, culturales e institucionales-normativos. En este último punto se prestó especial atención a la Ley 20.920/2016 Ley de Marco parar la Gestión de Residuos, la Responsabilidad Extendida del Productor y Fomento al Reciclaje. Se concluye que el primer esfuerzo para el manejo sustentable de los RSD debe estar enfocado, necesariamente, en el ámbito cultural y en la construcción de un concepto de residuos, basado en su valor intrínseco, dejando de entenderse como algo “descartable” e “inservible” para transformarse en un recurso, lo que debe ser legitimado por la población. Finalmente se generan recomendaciones y un Plan de Acción para dar viabilidad a la propuesta. / The cardinal aim of this following investigation, is to create a built-in proposal of paperwork, for the management of Solid House Wastes (SHW) for the Macul county. It is based on the development of a strategy focused on sustainability of this kind of waste in an average county of the metropolitan area of Santiago. Therefore, some built-in proposals are defined showing a zone of hierarchy management of the mentioned wastes, using an urban, environmental, cultural and ruled institutions criteria. In this last point, there was special attention to the law 20.920/2016. Law of frame work for the management of wastes, the due responsibility of the producer and encourage of recycling. It is believed that, the first effort for the management of solid house wastes, must be focused, necessarily, on the cultural environment and in the creation of a concept of waste, based in its inner value, leaving the concepts of “disposable” and “useless” behind, to be transformed into a resource, which must be legitimated by the people. Finally, there are recommendations and an action plan to validate the proposal.

Les fusions transfrontalières de sociétés de capitaux n’intéressent pas uniquement le droit des sociétés mais revêtent aussi d’importants aspects de droit social. Si la directive du 26 octobre 2005 facilite ces opérations, le renvoi aux législations nationales opéré soulève de nombreuses difficultés en l’absence de traitement harmonisé de leurs conséquences sociales. Les interrogations suscitées par la mise en oeuvre de la participation des travailleurs aux organes de gestion de la société issue de l’opération n’en sont qu’une illustration. D’autres questions relatives notamment au devenir des instances de représentation du personnel existant au sein des sociétés parties à la fusion, aux normes collectives ou aux contrats de travail, restent en suspens. A celles-ci et à d’autres, cette étude tente d’apporter des réponses. Les enjeux dont les fusions transfrontalières sont porteuses l’exigent. / Cross-border mergers of incorporated companies do not only interest Company Law but also comprise important aspects of Labour & Employment Law. If the European Directive dated 26 October 2005 facilitates these transactions, the reference made to national legislation raises many difficulties in the absence of harmonized treatment of the social consequences of transactions. The questions raised by the implementation of workers' participation in management bodies of the company resulting from the transaction are an illustration. Other issues include the fate of employees’ representative bodies of existing staff within the merging companies, collective norms and employment contracts, remain unresolved. To these and others, this study attempts to provide answers. The consequences of the cross-border transactions require that answers be given to the unresolved issues.