Abstract This study deals with the grammar sections in one older and one newer textbook series for Swedish in grades 7–9. The questions for the study are: firstly, the scope of the teaching materials, the content and the number of exercises, and secondly if the content presentation can be classified as deductive or inductive, and if the design of exercises is mainly product or process-oriented. Furthermore the relationship between the goals of the national curriculum and progression in grades 7–9 is investigated. The method chosen for this study is a text analysis. The results show that both textbook series contain similar content for word classes, that the material presentation is predominantly deductive and that most exercises are product-oriented. Differences that can be seen are that the older teaching series contain more pages devoted to word classes and parts of speech and more exercises. Furthermore, the older textbooks series show a clearer progression to the curriculum goals. The conclusions are that the two teaching materials have difficulties to deviate from the focus on grammatical terminology, but also to link grammar to students' own writing.

English has been taught as a core and compulsory subject in China for decades. Recently, the demand for English in China has increased dramatically. China now has the world’s largest English-learning population. The traditional English-teaching method cannot continue to be the only approach because it merely focuses on reading, grammar and translation, which cannot meet English learners and users’ needs (i.e., communicative competence and skills in speaking and writing). This study was conducted to investigate if the Picture-Word Inductive Model (PWIM), a new pedagogical method using pictures and inductive thinking, would benefit English learners in China in terms of potential higher output in speaking and writing. With the gauge of Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), specifically, its redundancy effect, I investigated whether processing words and a picture concurrently would present a cognitive overload for English learners in China. I conducted a mixed methods research study. A quasi-experiment (pretest, intervention for seven weeks, and posttest) was conducted using 234 students in four groups in Lianyungang, China (58 fourth graders and 57 seventh graders as an experimental group with PWIM and 59 fourth graders and 60 seventh graders as a control group with the traditional method). No significant difference in the effects of PWIM was found on vocabulary acquisition based on grade levels. Observations, questionnaires with open-ended questions, and interviews were deployed to answer the three remaining research questions. A few students felt cognitively overloaded when they encountered too many writing samples, too many new words at one time, repeated words, mismatches between words and pictures, and so on. Many students listed and exemplified numerous strengths of PWIM, but a few mentioned weaknesses of PWIM. The students expressed the idea that PWIM had a positive effect on their English teaching. As integrated inferences, qualitative findings were used to explain the quantitative results that there were no significant differences of the effects of the PWIM between the experimental and control groups in both grade levels, from four contextual aspects: time constraints on PWIM implementation, teachers’ resistance, how to use PWIM and PWIM implemented in a classroom over 55 students.

Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a nontraditional machining process used for machining intricate shapes in high strength and temperature resistive (HSTR) materials. WEDM provides high accuracy, repeatability, and a better surface finish; however the tradeoff is a very slow machining rate. Due to the slow machining rate in WEDM, machining tasks take many hours depending on the complexity of the job. Because of this, users of WEDM try to predict machining rate beforehand so that input parameter values can be pre-programmed to achieve automated machining. However, partial success with traditional methodologies such as thermal modeling, artificial neural networks, mathematical, statistical, and empirical models left this problem still open for further research and exploration of alternative methods. Also, earlier efforts in applying the decision tree rule induction algorithms for predicting the machining rate in WEDM had limitations such as use of coarse grained method of discretizing the target and exploration of only C4.5 as the learning algorithm. The goal of this dissertation was to address the limitations reported in literature in using decision tree rule induction algorithms for WEDM. In this study, the three decision tree inductive algorithms C5.0, CART and CHAID have been applied for predicting material removal rate when the target was discretized into varied number of classes (two, three, four, and five classes) by three discretization methods. There were a total of 36 distinct combinations when learning algorithms, discretization methods, and number of classes in the target are combined. All of these 36 models have been developed and evaluated based on the prediction accuracy. From this research, a total of 21 models found to be suitable for WEDM that have prediction accuracy ranging from 71.43% through 100%. The models indentified in the current study not only achieved better prediction accuracy compared to previous studies, but also allows the users to have much better control over WEDM than what was previously possible. Application of inductive learning and development of suitable predictive models for WEDM by incorporating varied number of classes in the target, different learning algorithms, and different discretization methods have been the major contribution of this research.

This master`s thesis deals with design and realization of two-quadrant switching current source for inductive loads. Output current adjustable range is 0 – 1A. Selected topology enables change of current direction. Current supply is made with TDA8920 integrated circuit. Thesis also contains basic information about switching supplies and coils.

The first two chapters are devoted to general issues relating to the Achilles tendon and brings important insights that are required for subsequent practical part. To the practical part is also devoted the following chapter. The first chapter is more of a medical nature. It explains the function and location of the Achilles tendon. Above all, the nature of the examination. Then follow chapters dealing with the assembly of functional devices for sensing the Achilles tendon reflex. This section begins in the third chapter discusses the preparation and block diagrams for the sensor and its technical solutions. The following chapter is about constructing electrical circuits, calculation of component values for the device of Achilles tendon reflex. The fifth chapter deals with the ability to view the scanned signal and the final chapter is devoted to measurements of the device on a group of volunteers.

<p>U doktorskoj disertaciji razmatra se merenje sile i pomeraja pomoću<br />senzora koji mogu da se integrišu u već postojeće elemente na<br />robotskim i industrijskim sistemima. Sila se meri merenjem<br />deformacije elastičnog elementa. Za merenje pomeraja postignuto je<br />na dva načina: optičkom komponentom i induktivnom strukturom<br />izrađenom štampanjem na fleksibilnoj foliji i njenim odgovarajućim<br />sečenjem. Merenje sile demonstrirano je na primeru klatna sa bazom<br />kod kojeg se meri sila kontakta sa podlogom, a merenje pomeraja je<br />pokazano na primeru merenja vibracija. Sistem za merenje vibracija<br />dopunjen je i sistemom za automatsko podešavanje radne tačke koji se<br />može iskoristiti za automatsku kalibraciju.</p> / <p>In this thesis, measurement of force and displacement has been analyzed<br />using sensors which can be embedded into existing elements of robotic and<br />industrial systems. Force is measured by measuring the deformation of<br />elastic elements. Two mehtods have been applied to displacement<br />measurement: an optical component and an inductive structure fabricated by<br />printing on flexible substrate and its subsequent cutting. Measurement of<br />force has been demonstrated on a pendulum attached to its base, where the<br />contact between the base and its support is measured. Displacement<br />measurement has been shown by measuring vibration. The vibration<br />measurement system is supplemented with an automatic operating point<br />adjustment system which also adds an automatic calibration feature.</p>

Föreliggande studies syfte var att undersöka yrkesverksamma psykologers erfarenheter och hantering av yrkesetiska dilemman kopplat till sociala medier. Studien utgjordes av en kvalitativ ansats och baserades på sex semistrukturerade intervjuer. Datamaterialet analyserades genom induktiv tematisk analys, som mynnade ut i tre huvudteman: Psykologen på sociala medier- föreställningar och förväntningar, Gränser samt Vägledning. Två huvudteman bestod i sin tur av två underteman vardera. Resultatet visade att psykologers erfarenheter av yrkesetiska dilemman bestod av både konkreta erfarenheter och en generell medvetenhet inför potentiella dilemman på sociala medier. De yrkesetiska dilemman som framkom i relation till sociala medier berörde i huvudsak interaktion med patienter, hantering av information om patienter samt självutlämnande information om psykologen. En central aspekt av yrkesetiska dilemman berörde samspelet och gränsdragningen mellan rollen som privatperson och rollen som psykolog på sociala medier. Hanteringen av yrkesetiska dilemman bestod av förebyggande åtgärder och strategier som syftade till att tydliggöra och dra gränser mellan de olika rollerna, där yrkesetiska principer och stöd från arbetsplatsen fungerade vägledande. Studiens resultat kan bidra till att skapa en dialog på arbetsplatser och utbildningar kring etiska dilemman. Därtill belyser studien värdet av en medveten reflektion kring ämnet, vilket kan vara till nytta för den enskilde psykologen i arbetet med patienter. Den kunskap som studien bidrar med kan även vara relevant vid en eventuell uppdatering av Psykologförbundets yrkesetiska principer. / The aim of the present study was to explore psychologists' experiences of ethical dilemmas related to social media, and how these ethical dilemmas are managed. This was explored using a qualitative approach and was based on six semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed through inductive thematic analysis, which resulted in three main themes: The psychologist on social media - perceptions and expectations, Boundaries and Guidance. Two of the main themes consisted of two sub-themes each. The results showed that psychologists' experiences of ethical dilemmas consisted of concrete experiences and a general awareness of potential dilemmas on social media. The ethical dilemmas that emerged in relation to social media concerned interaction with patients, managing information about patients and self-disclosing information about the psychologist. A central aspect of ethical dilemmas concerned the interplay and demarcation between the private role and the role as a psychologist on social media. The management of ethical dilemmas consisted of preventive measures and strategies aimed at clarifying and establishing boundaries between the various roles, where ethical principles and support from the workplace acted as a guide. The results of the study can contribute to creating a dialogue in workplaces and educational systems about ethical dilemmas. In addition, the study highlights the value of awareness about the subject, which can be useful for the individual psychologist in working with patients. The study may also act as a basis in an eventual update of the Swedish Psychological Association's professional ethical principles.

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt das Konzept eines induktiven Ladesystems für autonome Verleihstationen. Unter Beachtung der Betriebsanforderungen wird im ersten Teil eine zweckmäßige Spezifikation des Ladesystems erarbeitet. Der zweite Teil beschreibt die Modellierung des Resonanzübertragers, welcher technisch als Prototyp realisiert wurde. Dazu erfolgt die analytische Berechnung der Parameter und Vergleich mit den experimentell bestimmten Parametern am Prototypen. / This article describes the concept of an inductive charging system for autonomous sharing stations. In accordance with the operational requirements, a suitable specification of the charging system is developed in the first part of this paper. The second part describes the modelling of the resonant transmitter, which was technically realized as a prototype. For this purpose, the analytical calculation of the parameters and their comparison with the experimentally determined parameters on the presented prototype are carried out.

Wireless powered communication (WPC) is an emerging paradigm where wireless devices are powered over the air while exchanging information with them. This technology is attractive for various wireless applications, including classical radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems, implantable sensors, environmental sensing as found in agriculture and forestry, and simultaneous charging and telemetry communications for electric vehicles. While recent studies have shown that inductive coupling provides a more energy-efficient and robust channel for short and middle-range wireless transmission, most of the previous analyses on WPC have been limited to far-field transmission models. To this end, this work provides a comprehensive framework to design and analyze WPC over inductively coupled circuits. We consider three problems, namely, wireless power transfer (WPT), simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), and wireless powered communication network (WPCN) using multiple coupled coils. Each configuration is modeled by an abstract circuit model in which various effects, including mutual coupling and parasitic elements, are captured by a small number of measurable parameters. This technique allows us to not only eliminate the need for solving the circuit but also apply well-known signal processing techniques such as beamforming and channel estimation to inductively coupled models. For each of the three models, we derive the properties of the optimal source signal. In addition, we propose methods to design the load impedance of WPCN by taking into account the nonlinear effects due to impedance mismatches in the circuits.

Traditionella metoder för Safety Management har bidragit till en exceptionellt hög flygsäkerhet. Händelser inom flygindustrin och ökande systemkomplexitet har dock aktualiserat att systemteori kan ge kompletterande perspektiv och bidra till flygsäkerhet. Syftet med studien var att beskriva och förstå piloters och chefers erfarenheter av flygsäkerhet, risk och anpassning av arbetssätt. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med fem piloter och fem flygchefer/Safety Managers i civila flygbolag och Flygvapnet. En induktiv tematisk analysmetod användes. Resultaten identifierade teman för konflikter och motsägelser i de studerade systemen. Resulterande konfliktteman var mellan produktion och säkerhet, ett starkt system och individens roll, standardisering och piloters beslutsutrymme, efterlevnad och flexibilitet, förtroende och avstånd, samt flygsäkerhetskultur och flygsäkerhetsmätning. Systemen som undersöktes uppvisade komplexa egenskaper, vilket visade på en risk för systemolyckor och gjorde systemkonflikter svårare att lösa. Olösta konflikter mellan till exempel produktion och säkerhet var kopplade till organisatorisk och praktisk glidning/avdrift, ibland förvärrad av hemlighållande. Konflikterna uppträdde olika i olika organisationer. Studiens resultat visar på vikten av att använda kvalitativa data för att få flera olika perspektiv, öka systemanpassningsförmågan och övervaka balansen mellan produktion och säkerhet. Storleken på piloternas beslutsutrymme bör medvetet hanteras och tillägg av ytterligare traditionella säkerhetsbarriärer bör utvärderas utifrån påverkan på systemets transparens och komplexitet. / Traditional aviation safety management methods have contributed to exceptional aviation safety. Recent aviation events and increasing system complexity has actualised that a systems theory approach could provide complementary perspectives and contribute to aviation safety. The purpose of the study was to describe and understand pilots’ and managers’ experiences of flight safety, risk and adaptations of work practises. Qualitative interviews were performed with five pilots and five managers/safety managers in civil airlines and an air force. An inductive thematic analysis method was used. The results identified themes of conflicts and contradictions inherent in the aviation systems studied. The conflict themes were production and safety, a strong system and role of the individual, standardisation and discretionary space, compliance and flexibility, trust and distance, and safety culture and safety measurement. The systems studied showed complex characteristics, making them liable to systems accidents and making system conflicts more difficult to solve. Unresolved conflicts such as between production and safety was connected to organisational and practical drift, in some cases compounded by secrecy. The conflicts appeared differently in different organisations. The study results highlight the importance of using qualitative data to gain a multitude of perspectives, increase system adaptability, and monitor the balance between production and safety. The size of the pilots’ discretionary space should be deliberately managed and added traditional safety barriers should be evaluated by their effect on system opaqueness and complexity.