AbstractThe purpose of this study is to shed light on some teachers' image of, and thoughts about, different ways of using music as a pedagogical tool in primary special education, as well as the opportunities and challenges such a way of working entails. Based on the purpose, the following questions have been formulated:  What different ways of working with music as a pedagogical tool in the elementary special school come out through the teachers' statements? What possibilities emerge in the teachers' statements when it comes to using music as a pedagogical tool in teaching? What challenges emerge in the teachers' statements when it comes to using music as a pedagogical tool in teaching? The study has a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews have been used as a method for data gathering. Within the framework of the study, six teachers with experience of working in special schools and with experience of using music to support students' learning, have been interviewed. The results have then been analyzed using thematic analysis, based on a socio-cultural perspective.  The results of the study shows that the teachers use music to support students' learning in several situations and in various ways. Music is used, for example, when teachers want to create routines or create opportunities for interaction between students. Music is also used as a way of expression and a tool for interaction. The results of the study shows that music is used to teach new concepts in both speech and writing, using song lyrics. The results also show that music can act as a trigger to make students want to communicate more. The results of the study show that music is used by the informants as a pedagogical tool to develop students' motor and theoretical abilities. The results of the study also highlight challenges such as limited time for co-planning between teachers, and between teachers and the student’s assistant. The lack of resources and students' dislike of music are other factors highlighted in the results as challenges in using music to support students' learning.

Objectives The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of video prompting and modeling with handheld devices/mobile technology to increase the ability of individuals with ID to engage in daily living skills. Methods A comprehensive systematic search in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards to identify relevant experimental studies utilizing video prompting or modeling on handheld devices to teach daily living skills for individuals with ID was conducted. Results Twenty-four SCRD studies met criteria for inclusion involving 64 participants with varying levels of ID with 79% (N = 19) of studies involving domestic skills (e.g., cleaning, cooking, doing laundry), and 21% (N = 5) involving community skills; 75% (N = 18) used video prompting, 21% (N = 5) used video modeling, and 4% (N = 1) used both. Conclusions Effect sizes and visual analysis indicated that video prompting or modeling through handheld devices were effective in teaching daily living skills to individuals with ID. Future research for this population should include studies to teach personal skills (e.g., dressing, grooming, toileting) as there were no studies in this domain.

Several research studies have suggested that individuals with ID are at an increased risk of being a target of victimization (Hughes et al., 2012; Wilson et al.,1992). Therapists, caregivers, primary care providers, and school staff may also undervalue or fail to teach critical safety skills early in childhood or in the adolescent years, which increases risk of victimization in adulthood (Dembo et al., 2018). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness, generalizability, and maintenance of the use of behavior skills training to teach stranger safety skills to young adults with intellectual disabilities. Specifically, a two-step safety response in the presence of a lure from a stranger. Overall, the current study’s results demonstrate that the intervention was effective at teaching this population stranger safety skills. Results of the current study also suggest that the target skill was generalizable across settings and maintained at a 13 week follow up. Furthermore, the intervention was rated high for social validity among most participants. Future studies should continue to explore the effectiveness, generalizability, and maintenance of these results.

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The purpose of study is to investigate how guidance couselors in year 7-9 in primary school, work with students with intellectual disabilities, IF, to strengthen students´career management skills before various future choices, especially the choice of upper secondary special school. The study is carried out with qualitative semi-structured interviews with eight guidance counselors, all of whom have mentoring assignment for the special school. The result is analyzed on the basis of CIP theory, Cognitive Information Processing, which describes the decision-making process regarding elections and how career management skills develops during this process. The results show that guidance counselors work on the basis of sevrela different conditions and in differens ways. It is striking that guidance counselors work to create relationsships and broaden perspectives, in order to strengthen students´self awareness and develop knowledge about working life. Knowledge is the basis for students to be able to develop their career management skills. The study shows that guidance in compulsory school has challenges that limit the management space for students, wich affects the counselors´way of working. / Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur vägledare i år 7-9 i grundsärskolan, arbetar med elevermed intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, IF, för att stärka elevers valkompetens inför olikaframtida val, framför allt valet till gymnasiesärskolan. Studien är genomförd med kvalitativsemistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta stycken studie och yrkesvägledare som samtliga harvägledaruppdrag mot särskolan. Resultatet är analyserat utifrån CIP-teorin, CognitiveInformation Processing, som beskriver beslutsprocessen rörande val och hur valkompetensutvecklas under denna process. I resultatet framkommer att vägledare arbetar utifrån fleraolika förutsättningar och på olika sätt. Framträdande är att vägledarearbetar relationsskapande och perspektivvidgande, för att stärka elevernas självkännedom ochutveckla kunskaper om arbetslivet. Dessa kunskaper är grunden för att elever ska kunnautveckla sin valkompetens. Studien visar att vägledning i grundsärskolan har utmaningar sombegränsar handlingsutrymmet för elever vilket påverkar vägledarens arbetssätt.

According to the literature, youth experiencing with either homelessness or disabilities face severe barriers throughout their life-time which would negatively impact their physical development, psychological development, and mental health, but also contribute to a vicious circle of homeless and poverty. However, the intersection between homeless youth with learning, developmental and/or intellectual disabilities (LD/DD/ID) in the school system has rarely been explored. This population is invisible to the school system which indicates an urgency in identifying and understanding their experience at school. This research, as a part of the Partnering for Change initiative, aimed to provide some insight into the socially constructed problems which cause barriers for this invisible population. In this study, an interpretive lens and a critical approach were adopted as a guide to data analysis and as a means to identify constructed barriers based on the interviews with homeless youth with LD/DD/ID in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The data on homeless youth with LD/DD/ID was analysed for impacts on relationships, academic performance, and the effects of invisibility on multiple levels of their school life. The data also revealed the way schools respond to disabilities and homelessness. In the discussion I investigate the way policy, funding structure and implementation of support are significantly affected by the neoliberal context with its emphasis on market-driven pedagogy and individuals conceptualized as agents of self- capitalization. This thesis argues for a better alternative, as referenced from Finland. The Finnish approach emphasizes human rights, equality, and inclusion, and aims to demonstrate how changes in fundamental beliefs and values can construct a barrier-free and supportive education system for everyone. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

Introduction: Knowledge and attributions are frequently cited as variables which may help to understand staff responses to challenging behaviour in people with a learning disability. Previous research has found only partial support for Weiner‟s (1980, 1986) model of helping behaviour within a learning disability context. The study developed a clinical definition of „helping behaviour‟, and examined knowledge of challenging behaviour and the combination of attributions from Weiner‟s (1980, 1986) model in predicting staff helping behaviour. In addition the emotion regulation strategies of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression were investigated in moderating the relationship between attributions and helping behaviour, developing an overarching framework between attributions, staff stress and positive staff approaches to challenging behaviour. Method: One hundred and seven support staff completed self-report measures of knowledge of the term and management of challenging behaviour, causal attributions, emotion regulation style and behavioural response to challenging behaviour. Results: Knowledge and helpful attributions were significantly correlated with helping behaviour, however, when regressed onto helping behaviour, only knowledge significantly contributed to the variance. No significant correlations were found between emotion regulation styles and attributions. No moderating or mediating effect was found for emotion regulation styles on the relationship between attributions and helping behaviour.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.