Submitted by Ana Carolina de Morais Colombaroli null (carolcolombaroli@hotmail.com) on 2018-01-16T23:00:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina de Morais Colombaroli - Dissertação.pdf: 3469852 bytes, checksum: 3d554955e6d32b1ec28152e4297b2826 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Laura Odette Dorta Jardim null (laura@franca.unesp.br) on 2018-01-17T18:25:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina de Morais Colombaroli - Dissertação.pdf: 3469852 bytes, checksum: 3d554955e6d32b1ec28152e4297b2826 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-17T18:25:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina de Morais Colombaroli - Dissertação.pdf: 3469852 bytes, checksum: 3d554955e6d32b1ec28152e4297b2826 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O Brasil apresenta um índice de homicídios muito elevado. Ocorrem, a cada ano, cerca de 60 mil homicídios, com uma taxa de aproximadamente 29 homicídios a cada 100 mil habitantes, o que coloca o país em primeiro lugar no número absoluto de homicídios, com uma taxa muito superior à média mundial. As taxas vêm crescendo continuamente desde a década de 1980 mas, a despeito da relativa antiguidade do problema, o Estado não tem se mostrado capaz de conter a violência letal. O objetivo do presente trabalho é empreender uma análise dos homicídios no Brasil, enfrentando os fatores sociais e econômicos a ele relacionados, bem como a debilitação da norma penal. Para tanto, utiliza-se de pesquisa bibliográfica para tratar das transformações da sociedade contemporânea, o risco, a insegurança, o afrouxamento do controle social. Faz-se uso da análise de dados estatísticos para estabelecer um panorama dos homicídios e da exclusão social e econômica que se encontram por detrás do problema, demonstrando que o problema incide majoritariamente sobre grupos específicos. Conjuga-se, ainda, pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de dados acerca do sistema de justiça criminal brasileiro e das suas instituições, demonstrando que estas não têm sido capazes de fazer frente ao avanço da violência letal. Grande parte do trabalho rompe com um padrão tradicional de pesquisa em Direito Penal, fazendo opção pela análise empírica e de dados, sem que possa ser considerado um trabalho estritamente criminológico, uma vez que a análise desses dados se relaciona à compreensão da eficácia da norma penal em relação aos homicídios. / Brazil has a very high homicide rate. Approximately 60,000 homicides occur each year, with a rate of approximately 29 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants, which puts the country as the one with the higher number of homicides, with a much higher rate than the world average. The rates have been rising steadily since the 1980s, but despite the relative antiquity of the problem, the state has not been able to contain the homicides. The objective of this thesis is to undertake an analysis of the homicides in Brazil, facing the social and economic factors related to them, as well as the weakening of the penal norm. To this end, the bibliographical research is utilized to deal with the transformations of contemporary society, risk, insecurity, loosening of social control. We utilize the analysis of statistical data to establish an overview of the homicides and social and economic exclusion that lie behind the problem, demonstrating that the problem focuses on specific groups. We also conjugate the bibliographical research and the analysis of data about the Brazilian criminal justice system and its institutions, which have not been able to cope with the advance of lethal violence. The thesis breaks with a traditional pattern of criminal law research, making choice for empirical and data analysis, without being considered a strictly criminological work, since the analysis of these data is related to the understanding of the effectiveness of the criminal law about homicides. / FAPESP 2016/14856-2

The present interview indicate how the legal tradition inherited Latin America, from Spain and France, has been changing being as in the Latin tradition the judge’s role has been subordinated to political power, unlike other countries. Thus it is arises the motivations to start and continue, in many cases, with the reform of the justice system, where what is needed is a set of actors that define and carry out this reform. / La presente entrevista busca mostrar cómo la tradición jurídica que hereda América Latina, proveniente de España y Francia, ha ido cambiando puesto que en la tradición Hispanoamérica el papel del juez se ha visto subordinado al del poder político a diferencia de otros países. Es así que surgen las motivaciones para empezar y continuar, en muchos casos, con la reformar del sistema de justicia, donde lo que se necesita es un conjunto de actores que definan y lleven adelante esta reforma.

This diploma thesis deals with the Italian terminology of the Justice System. The work is divided into two parts. In the first part, the author focuses on the description of the special language, methods of his research, translational methods and problems of the translator. It describes also the Czech and Italian system of justice and defines the semantic field of the terminology of the Justice System that she will work with. In the second part she works with a selected sample of keywords compiled by the created corpora. The sample is divided into a several groups according to the semantic classification. The aim of the thesis is to review the existing Czech translations, if need be propose her own translations and recommend the translation that should be registered in a bilingual dictionary. The Czech-Italian and Italia-Czech vocabulary and the semantic dictionary is the supplement of this thesis.

A presente dissertação ocupa-se do estudo da teoria criminológica da rotulação social e do sistema de justiça juvenil visando, ao final, a aproximar essas duas esferas de conhecimento e verificar a assertividade das lições emanadas da mencionada teorização no tocante à aplicação e a execução das medidas socioeducativas. O caminho criminológico percorrido inicia-se com o surgimento da Criminologia chegando até a teoria crítica, sucessora da rotulação social. No que se refere à Justiça Juvenil são apresentados todos os paradigmas que direcionaram seu entendimento, atendo-se ao estudo das medidas socioeducativas e suas finalidades, destacando-se a sanção mais gravosa, a internação. A junção dos conhecimentos ocorre com o estudo dos efeitos da internação e sua ligação com a possibilitação de uma carreira criminosa. / The present dissertation occupies itself of the study of the labelling approach criminological theory and of the juvenile justice system intending to, in the end, approach those two spheres of knowledge and verify the certainty of the lessons emanated of the aforementioned theory regarding the application and the execution of the socialeducational measures. The criminological path passed through begins with the emergence of Criminology reaching the critical theory, successor of the labelling approach. Regarding the Juvenile Justice, are presented all of the paradigms that directed its understanding, focusing in the study of social-educational measures and its purposes, especially the most severe penalty, the admission. The intersection of the knowledge takes place with the study of the effects of the admission and its connection with the making-possible of a criminal career.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-05-18T19:40:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 helviosimoesvidal.pdf: 3063452 bytes, checksum: 99780299281cad14686957e7802e014f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-05-19T14:36:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 helviosimoesvidal.pdf: 3063452 bytes, checksum: 99780299281cad14686957e7802e014f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T14:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 helviosimoesvidal.pdf: 3063452 bytes, checksum: 99780299281cad14686957e7802e014f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A presente tese é uma investigação sobre o fluxo processual na primeira instância da justiça criminal e possui, por referências teóricas, duas vertentes criminológicas: a teoria do conflito e o interacionismo simbólico. De acordo com o ponto inicial da investigação, a criação do direito e o estabelecimento das condutas punidas criminalmente são definidos no horizonte político, situando-se o problema em um campo macrossociológico. Em sociedades desiguais, a criação do direito e, em especial, o processo de criminalização primária, são processos político-sociais definidos por interesses e submetidos à dimensão do poder. A gravidade abstrata de alguns comportamentos criminosos, portanto, é uma decorrência da prevalência de certos interesses, que refletem as relações de poder dentro da sociedade. Por outro lado, descendo ao nível microssociológico, no campo da sociologia das organizações, a ação prática das instituições de controle social, em especial a polícia e o judiciário, despertam o interesse das ciências sociais para a ação concreta das agências responsáveis pela aplicação do direito penal. A partir do paradigma da reação social, a tese procura compreender o problema da construção da criminalidade, ou seja, a criminalização secundária, compreendida como os processos de exclusão e inclusão dentro do sistema de justiça. O processo de criminalização, unindo a produção do direito e a dinâmica das agências penais, ocorre em dois níveis. Ele depende da legislação e, também, das instituições responsáveis pela aplicação do direito penal. Por isso, a ação das instâncias de controle penal formalizado é crucial para as ciências sociais, dado às repercussões que a aplicação do direito possui na dinâmica da produção do crime. A tese procura descobrir o significado do fluxo processual, tomando como campo de investigação as varas da justiça criminal na comarca de Juiz de Fora-MG. A partir da análise das entradas processuais, relativas a um período de doze anos, entre 2002 e 2014, a pesquisa de campo levanta o acervo processual existente nas varas criminais e as respectivas classes de crimes objeto de processo, para, com isso, demonstrar os elos entre a polícia e o judiciário e a colonização desse poder pela ação concreta das polícias. A tese procura questionar a suposta desarticulação entre as mais significativas instâncias da pena, para afirmar a existência de um engate ideológico oculto entre elas e que, no modo de produção concreta da justiça criminal, existe uma reprodução das relações sociais mais amplas, sendo o judiciário o poder que legitima e reforça o controle seletivo do crime. / The present thesis is an investigation into the procedural flow at the first instance of criminal justice and has as theoretical references two criminological aspects: conflict theory and symbolical interactionism. According to the commencing point of research, the creation of law and the establishment of criminally punishable behavior are defined on the political horizon, standing the problem on a macro-sociological field. In unequal societies, the creation of law and, in particular, the primary criminalization process are political and social processes defined by interests and submitted to the dimension of power. The abstract severity of certain criminal behaviors is therefore a result of the prevalence of certain interests, which reflect the relations of power and domination within the society. On the other hand, down to the micro-sociological level in the field of organizations' sociology, the practical action of social control institutions, especially the police and the judiciary, arouses interest of social science in the concrete action of agencies responsible for the enforcement of criminal law. From the social reaction paradigm, the thesis seeks to understand the problem of the construction of crime, i.e. secondary criminalization, understood as the processes of inclusion and exclusion within the justice system. The criminalization process, combining the production of rights and the dynamics of criminal agencies, occurs on two levels. It depends on the law and also on the institutions responsible for the enforcement of criminal law. Therefore, the action of formal criminal control bodies is so crucial for the social sciences, given the impact law enforcement has on the dynamics of crime production. The thesis seeks to discover the meaning of procedural flow, taking as field of research the criminal courts in the city of Juiz de Fora-MG. From the analysis of lawsuit data over a period of twelve years, between 2002 and 2014, the field research surveys the existing procedural archives in the criminal courts and the corresponding crime categories subject to lawsuit, in order to demonstrate links between the police and the judiciary and the settlement of power through concrete police actions. The thesis tries to question the disarticulation among the most significant instances of penalty, affirming the existence of a hidden ideological engagement between them and that, in the actual production mode of criminal justice, there is a reproduction of broader social relationships, being the judiciary the power that legitimizes and reinforces the selective control of crime.

This thesis is an exploration of the perspectives of recipients and providers of health and criminal justice services about the transitional support needs of arrestees and remand prisoners, leaving short-term custody. The study implements Constructive Grounded Theory Methods, underpinned by the Network Theory of Social Capital as the theoretical framework. Forty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted, with five participant groups; service users (arrestees/remand prisoners), family/carers, mental health staff (criminal justice liaison and mental health in-reach, community mental health teams), criminal justice staff (police/prison officers) and mental health commissioners. Participants provided unique perspectives about the health and social support, available at the transitional points of leaving short-term custody. This was supported by the construction of 11 sociograms for service users, in both arrest (n=5) and remand (n=6) situations, to highlight the availability and functionality of support networks. Transitions are particularly problematic in relation to linking offenders with appropriate community-based mental health services. The over-arching constructed grounded theory is a need for a culture shift within health policy and practice to refocus on transitional care planning to optimise continuous care pathways. Associated themes include ‘lack of practical assistance’, ‘lack of crisis support’, ‘returning to the security of prison’ and ‘poor transition planning’. Critical Time Intervention, a variant of case management has demonstrated benefits when applied to mental health and offender populations, transiting from hospital and prison settings. The programme contains all the components of service that service users, carers and staff identified as important to effectively support transitions from short-term custody to the community.

Cette thèse traite des possibilités d’intégration de l’opinion publique dans les opérations du système de droit criminel. En s’appuyant sur le cadre de la théorie des systèmes de Niklas Luhmann et sur le concept de rationalité pénale moderne d’Alvaro Pires, cette thèse prétend faire une double contribution. D’un côté, il est question d’avancer des distinctions et des précisions théoriques sur ce qui peut constituer cette opinion publique – et même, de façon plus générale, les stimuli externes apparentés à ce concept (public, mouvements de protestation, victimes) – et d’examiner la façon de concevoir son rapport avec le système de droit criminel. D’un autre côté, il est question d’observer empiriquement les mécanismes que ledit système met en place pour gérer la pression qu’il ressent de son environnement. Qui plus est, en nous servant de ce concept de rationalité pénale moderne, nous essayons de montrer dans cette thèse que des stimuli externes qui prônent un système plus punitif et intolérant ont beaucoup plus de chances d’être entendus que des communications qui sont critiques à l’égard de la punitivité du système. Finalement, nous devons ajouter que ce travail a eu l’ambition de faire une « sociologie du droit avec le droit », c’est-à-dire que la sociologie qui a été mise en place ici a eu l’intention de prendre en considération le point de vue interne du droit. Ses catégories, son raisonnement et ses opérations sont traités à partir d’un cadre théorique de la sociologie, mais toujours en considérant que le système juridique a une logique propre qui est souvent oubliée par la sociologie du droit.

Adolescent suicide has been described as a major public health problem calling for the aid of researchers willing to better identify factors related to suicide risk. Suicide is the third-leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year olds. Despite the fact incarcerated adolescents act in self-destructive ways, minimal research has focused on suicide behavior among incarcerated adolescents. Existing data indicates that suicide among adolescent males is especially prevalent in the juvenile justice system. Several variables have been identified as risk factors for suicidal behavior, including interpersonal relationship dysfunction, substance abuse, and psychological variables such as depression and dichotomous thinking. Incarcerated males have been shown to be more prone to these risks than the general population. There is a need to highlight these risks in context of this population, identifying behavior patterns over the life span. Addressing the need to identify behavior patterns within the incarcerated male youth population, this study focuses on one adolescent male involved with Utah's juvenile justice system who subsequently completed suicide. The identified youth suffered from substance abuse; its effects were devastating to himself and those around him. Furthermore, his hypersensitivity to disappointing others permeated his lifelong traits and behavior patterns. Interviewees reported that such hypersensitivity began early in life, prominently influencing his subsequent self-inflicted guilt in adolescence when drug use, the decision to drop-out of school, and incarceration became traumatic. As this case study exemplified, counselors, teachers, school psychologists, family, and friends need to be aware of the increased potential for suicide in incarcerated adolescents, particularly those who struggle with substance abuse and a comorbid disorder.

This essay is a qualitative case study and aims to research how women's human rights are being violated in India according to the rights presented in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights between 2018 and 2021 and how this affects the female population based on gender approaches. The research questions this essay will attempt to answer are, how are women's human rights being violated, and how does it affect the women in India? How does gender affect Indian society and the female population? The theories used in the research are gender studies and The Universal Declaration on Human Rights. The findings in the essay can be concluded that violation according to the declaration is present in India, but not to the extent anticipated. Gender has a contributing factor to the women's situation in India. However, the degree to which it influences the female population depends on what aspects are the focus of the studied country. Gender inequality is not the only contributing factor to the situation in India.

Discrimination, racism, and class bias affects the accessibility of resources available to African American males who are exoffenders. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of African American, male exoffenders' ability to access resources postincarceration. Guided by Bell and Freeman's critical race theory, a purposeful sample of 6 African American, male exoffenders were recruited from 2 reentry programs in the Northeast United States. A semistructured interview approach was employed to examine the life history, details of experience, and reflection on the meaning of the lived experience from the participants. The modified Stevick, Colaizzi, and Keen method of analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Seven themes emerged that included the stigma of a criminal record, lack of resources, good family support, the importance of employment, accountability, responsibility, lack of education, and the environment that can impact the success or failure of an exoffender's reentry. Policymakers in the criminal justice system can change the current policy that underestimates the extent to which the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 has affected the resources that African American, male exoffenders need to reintegrate into society. The positive social change implication is that service providers can use the results of this study to better serve the needs of African American, male exoffenders as they transition from prison into society.