This thesis examines the representations of gender and femininity on the television series Deadly Women. Each episode deals with three real-life cases of female murderers, each organized around the theme of the particular episode. The three chosen case representations were analyzed through a critical gender studies theoretical lens. The specific theories utilized were Judith Butler’s (1990, 1993) performativity theory, R.W. Connell’s (1995, 2002) notion of multiple masculinities and femininities, Judith Halberstam’s (1998) notion of female masculinity, and Ann Lloyd’s (1995) doubly deviant, doubly damned hypothesis. The cases analyzed were Aileen Wuornos (“Predators”, Season 2 (2008), episode 6), Jill Coit (“Fortune Hunters”, Season 4 (2010), episode 3), and Ashley Humphrey (“Dangerous Liaisons”, Season 4 (2010), episode 4). These three cases are viewed as particular performatives of violent transgressions of the social norm regarding ‘appropriate’ femininity. Aileen Wuornos’ representation replicates conventional understandings of female killers, in (re)producing the notion of the ‘monstrous’ predatory femininity of such women. Her “monsterization” (Morrissey, 2003) is often juxtaposed with testimony to Wuornos’ own troubled background. Wuornos’ own victimhood, however, is never portrayed in a manner that would condone her serial murders. The latter two cases provide alternative ways of understanding and discussing female killers. Jill Coit performs a version of (deadly) female masculinity (c.f. Halberstam, 1998), killing one husband while disguised in oversize men’s clothing and a clearly fake handlebar moustache. Finally, Ashley Humphrey performs a version of dangerous violent racialized hegemonic masculinity (Connell, 1995, 2002) and of victimized femininity.

Seriemördare är rovdjur som fascinerar samhället på grund av deras farlighet. Forskning fokuserar främst på seriemördaren och offret blir obemärkt. Studier om mordoffrets karakteristika är få och befintlig forskning har fokuserat på få variabler om offret. Syftet med studien var att ta reda på om seriemördare begår mord på offer som uppvisar liknande egenskaper och visa hur variationen ser ut hos olika typer av seriemördare. Utifrån seriemördare från kända listor genomfördes en deskriptiv analys av offrens egenskaper. Resultatet visade att det typiska offret för män var en obekant, vit, vuxen kvinna som befann sig inom hans bekvämlighetszon. För kvinnor var det typiska offret en bekant, vit, vuxen man som befann sig inom hennes bekvämlighetszon. Majoriteten av seriemördare dödar inte utifrån bestämda offerkategorier utan varierar istället, vilket korresponderar med vad tidigare studier på området har kommit fram till kring offrets egenskaper. Att förstå hur mordoffret väljs ut ökar förståelsen om seriemördaren.

Multiple murder has attracted comparatively little attention amongst academic researchers. The present study offers a description of the phenomenon of Multiple Homicide in England and Wales over a 10 year period based on interviews with perpetrators and study of archival records. Results were analysed in two ways: First, using conventional statistical methods, and second, using multiple sequential functional analysis to challenge existing typologies, highlight the role of psychological process and to emphasise the important role of environmental events. The analysis revealed a very heterogeneous population although experiences such as social isolation and frustration were not uncommon. Unlike the perpetrators described in many American studies histories of physical and sexual childhood abuse and neglect were not the norm in this population and were felt to have little association with multiple murder. The issues raised by the methodology and the implications of the study for profiling, identification of possible offenders, treatment targets, and future areas of research are discussed.

No description available.

Les pathologies du SNC associent neurodégénérescence, troubles de la transmission et des processus neuroinflammatoires : réaction gliale et recrutement de cellules immunes. Les cellules immunes peuvent participer aux processus de souffrance neuronale et inhiber les processus de réparation comme la neurogenèse, mais peuvent également exercer des rôles neuroprotecteurs. Notre équipe a décrit que la molécule RAE-1, connue pour son rôle de ligand du récepteur activateur NKG2D exprimé par les NK, est exprimée constitutivement dans la SVZ, la zone de neurogenèse adulte qui génère des neuroblastes qui migrent vers le bulbe olfactif. De plus, RAE-1 est exprimée par les neurosphères issues de la SVZ et exerce un rôle non immun sur la prolifération cellulaire.L'objectif était de comprendre le rôle de RAE-1 et des NK en situation pathologique. J'ai étudié, en particulier, le modèle de lésion chimique des neurones olfactifs après injection de dichlobenil qui induit une mort neuronale suivie d'une réparation des réseaux neuronaux dans le bulbe olfactif. Ce modèle, connu des neurobiologistes, n'avait jamais été étudié sur le plan neuroinflammatoire. Nous avons caractérisé dans le bulbe olfactif, en RT-qPCR et cytométrie en flux multicouleur : la cinétique des processus de dé-afférentation, de ré-afférentation, de réaction gliale et le recrutement de cellules immunes. Je décris également l'induction de RAE-1 dans le bulbe olfactif, qui n'est pas liée à la présence d'une neurogenèse locale mais qui corrèle avec la prolifération microgliale et l'expression du M-CSF. Ces processus sont modifiés après un traitement à la minocycline et la déplétion des NK. Avec des modèles de culture in vitro, j'ai identifié RAE-1 comme un marqueur et un acteur de la microglie proliférative qui exerce, contrairement à la microglie non proliférative, des effets neuroprotecteurs. / CNS pathologies are characterized by neurodegeneration, neurotransmission impairment and neuroinflammation including glial reactivity and immune cells recruitment. Neuroinflammation induces neuronal loss and impairs neurogenesis but can also exerts neuroprotective effects. Our team has recently demonstrated that RAE-1 is constitutively expressed in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ), the main neurogenic niche where resident neural stem cells generate neuroblasts which migrate in chains to the olfactory bulbs, where they differentiate into interneurons. We also have reported in vitro that RAE-1 is a marker of proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells and plays a non-immune role in cell proliferation. The main objective was to understand the role of RAE-1 and NK cells in pathological condition. We mainly studied a model of chemical ablation of olfactory neurons using dichlobenil which induced neuronal loss followed by an olfactory neuronal network recovery. Neuroinflammatory processes have never been studied in this model, used by neurobiologists. Using RT-qPCR and multicolor flow cytometry, I characterized the processes of deafferentation, reafferentation, astroglia and microglia activation and the recruitment of immune cells. Moreover, RAE-1 expression was induced in the olfactory bulbs. This expression correlated with the increase of microglial cell proliferation markers and M-CSF expression. These neuroinflammatory processes were altered after NK cells depletion and minocyline treatments. Using in vitro culture models, I showed that RAE-1 is a marker and an actor of microglia proliferation. Moreover, proliferative microglia but not non proliferative cells exerts a neuroprotective effect.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:56:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel_Ivori_de_Matos.pdf: 962028 bytes, checksum: 5ec80654284dfad44b9059a0ba85f72f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / In this study we intend, through film analysis, to understand how the movie industry has represented the Serial Killers, discussing the aspects that compose it and that constituted diverse views on the subject. Immediately film analysis led us to reflect on representations spread over the years about the Serial Killers, for better understanding of what aspects are present in these productions and appearing in the social imaginary. To this problematization noting as cinema dialogue with the cinema itself, in addition to treating social characteristics that are actually identified as belonging to these individuals, that is, showing how the film itself through the decades approached this subject. Therefore, we propose a study of image analysis that seeks to understand how the movie industry represents some questions, thus revealing aspects that make up an imaginary cast often by violent scenes of murders that boost the attendance of crowds to theaters. In this study will seek an analysis of how serial killers are represented in film, or are prepared to note how the representations of these individuals in the social imaginary and that impacts and changes caused by the strategies of language/esthetics of narrative film, so that the film turned out to be the main reference on the subject. / Visamos nesta pesquisa, através da análise fílmica, perceber como a indústria cinematográfica representou os Serial Killers, discutindo os aspectos que o compõem e que constituíram visões diversas sobre o tema. Logo a análise fílmica nos levou a refletir a respeito das representações disseminadas ao longo dos anos frente aos Serial Killers, para melhor compreensão sobre quais aspectos estão presentes nessas produções, e que figuram no imaginário social. Para tal problematização percebendo como o cinema dialoga com o próprio cinema, para além do tratamento social das características que são apontadas como de fato pertencentes a estes indivíduos, ou seja, mostrando como o cinema por si só através das décadas abordou este assunto. Deste modo, propusemos uma pesquisa de análise de imagens que busca compreender como a indústria do cinema representa certas questões, assim revelando os aspectos que compõem um imaginário moldado muitas vezes por cenas violentas de assassinatos que impulsionam a ida de multidões aos cinemas. Busca-se nesta pesquisa uma análise de como os Serial Killers são representados no cinema, ou seja, como são elaboradas as representações destes indivíduos no imaginário social e que impactos e transformações causaram através das estratégias da linguagem/estética da narrativa cinematográfica, de modo que o cinema acabou se tornando o principal referencial sobre o assunto.

No description available.

This research uses trial data to extend previous research by Stead and Howard-Payne (2012) to examine discourse regarding Nicolette Lotter, a convicted female killer, and to proffer a preliminary theory of discursive networks. A discursive analytic approach to, and a Foucauldian Feminist interpretation of, the data was adopted to compare and contrast discursive constructions of the subject produced within the legal and media context in the interest of understanding how hegemonic understandings of femininity continue to be (re)produced in contemporary society. This report argues for a distinction between discursive construction and discursive practice, where the former is show to operate in production of the latter. It suggests further that the discourse produced in the legal context and the discourse produced in the media context align to fashion a discourse network where convergence occurs at the level of construction and divergence occurs at the level of practice. Such a discourse network arising in relation to Nicolette Lotter is shown to foster an understanding of the female killer which contributes to the fortification of gender prescriptions which are of patriarchal orientation in the interests of preserving male dominance and female subjugation.

Orientador: Silvana Vieira da Silva / Banca: Julio Cesar Pimentel Pinto Filho / Banca: Karin Volobuef / Resumo: Essa dissertação dispõe-se a estudar o romance O perfume do escritor alemão Patrick Süskind, publicado pela primeira vez em 1985. Tem-se o objetivo de demonstrar como essa obra, que antecipa no subtítulo ser a história de um assassino, se configura em romance policial. Para viabilizar o trabalho, busca-se subsídio na teoria da literatura policial e na história desse gênero, permitindo então estabelecer semelhanças e distinções. Antes, porém, discorre-se brevemente sobre os variados gêneros que compõem O perfume, que leva ao extremo a definição de romance, ou seja, uma composição híbrida por excelência. A obra em questão mescla, além das duas categorias principais do romance policial, a saber, enigma e negro, os gêneros predecessores a ele. O perfume rompe as convenções da ficção policial, com isso, aproximá-lo do gênero possibilita que outros romances sejam analisados pelo mesmo viés e possam eventualmente ser considerados também romances policiais, embora aparentemente estejam distantes do romance policial tradicional / Abstract: This essay intends to study one of Patrick Süskind's novels, Perfume, published for the first time in 1985. Our goal is to show how this work, which subtitle foresees the story of a killer, is configured in a crime novel. To make this concrete, we look for some data in the theories of the crime novel and in the history of this gender, which allow us to establish similarities and distinctions. Previously, however, we briefly expose the several literary genders that compose Perfume, carrying the definition of the novel too far; in other words, a hybrid composition par excellence. The work at issue blends, besides the two main categories of the crime novel (the mystery and the noir one) the predecessor genders to it. Perfume tears the conventions of crime fiction; then, approaching this novel to the gender makes it possible for other novels to be analyzed the same way, so that they can occasionally be considered crime novels as well, although apparently far from the traditional crime stories / Mestre

Seminario de Título entregado a la Universidad de Chile en cumplimiento parcial de los requisitos para optar al Título de Ingeniera en Biotecnología Molecular. / El desarrollo de una respuesta inmune anti-tumoral requiere de la comunicación entre diferentes células del sistema inmune, así como del reconocimiento de la célula tumoral. Una vez que los Linfocitos T Citotóxicos (CTL) y las células Natural Killers (NK) reconocen la célula tumoral, forman la Sinapsis Inmunológica Citotóxica (SIC), una estructura supramolecular altamente especializada que resulta fundamental para la liberación localizada de los gránulos citotóxicos y la eliminación específica de la célula tumoral. Recientemente, se ha descrito la participación de canales Gap Junction (GJ) formados por la isoforma Cx43 (GJ-Cx43) en la actividad citotóxica de las células NK durante la SIC. A pesar de las similitudes funcionales y estructurales presentadas por la SIC mediada por las células NK y por CTL, la participación de los canales GJ-Cx43 en la sinapsis mediada por CTL aún no ha sido determinada. En este trabajo se estudió el rol de los canales GJ-Cx43 en la actividad de la SIC entre CTL obtenidos desde ratones pMEL-1 y células de melanoma murino B16F10. Primero, se evaluó la polarización de Cx43 hacia la zona de contacto entre CTL pMEL-1 y células B16F10, durante la SIC. Se determinó que Cx43 se acumula en el sitio de contacto entre estas células de manera antígeno específica y que esta polarización es dependiente de la activación de los CTL. Luego, se disminuyó la expresión de Cx43 en células B16F10 utilizando un RNA interferente contra Cx43 y luego se evaluó la participación de Cx43 en la formación de canales GJ mediante ensayos de transferencia de calceína y en la actividad citotóxica de los CTL, mediante ensayos de actividad de Granzima B (GrzB). Se observó que los CTL transfieren calceína a las células B16F10 formando canales GJ funcionales, al contrario de cuando se utilizan LT CD8+ vírgenes como células efectoras. Además, cuando se utilizaron las células B16F10 que expresan bajos niveles de Cx43 como células blanco, se observó una disminución en la transferencia de calceína y en la actividad de GrzB en comparación al control. Nuestros resultados demuestran que durante el reconocimiento citotóxico se forman canales GJ-Cx43 entre CTL y células B16F10 y que la formación de estos canales durante la SIC son importantes para la eliminación de células tumorales mediada por CTL. / Development of antitumor immune responses requires communication between different immune cells, and specific immune recognition of tumor cells. Upon tumor cell recognition, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells form the “Cytotoxic Immunological Synapse (SIC)”, a specialized molecular structure fundamental for the polarized delivery of cytotoxic granules and the specific tumor cell killing. Recently, it has been described the participation of Gap Junction Intercellular Communications formed by Connexin 43 (GJIC-Cx43) in the NK cell SIC activity. Despite that CTL and NK cells present functional and structural similarities in SIC formation, the participation of GJIC-Cx43 in CTL-mediated SIC remains unclear. In this work we studied the role of GJIC-Cx43 in the activity of SIC formed between CTL from pMEL-1 mice and B16F10 murine melanoma cells. First, we evaluated by immunofluorescence the polarization of Cx43 to contact site between CTL and B16F10 during SIC. We found that this protein localizes at the contact site of SIC and this polarization dependent on activation of CTL and is an antigenic-specific process. Then, we decrease Cx43 expression in B16F10 cells using interference RNA against Cx43 and we evaluated the participation of Cx43 in the formation of functional GJ channels by calcein transfer assay and in the cytotoxic activity of CTL by Granzyme B (GrzB) activity assay. We found that CTL transfer calcein to B16F10 forming functional GJ in contrast with when we used a naïve CD8+ T cells as an effector cells. In addition, when we used a B16F10 that express low levels of Cx43 as target cells, we observed a decrease in calcein transfer and GrzB activity in comparison to the control. Our results demonstrate that GJIC-Cx43 are formed between CTL and B16F10 during SIC, and suggest that their formation is important for tumor cells-killing by CTL