<p>Denna studie avser att undersöka och analysera fyra verksamma lärares uppfattningar om det vidgade textbegrepp som uttrycks i kursplanen i svenska 2000 och vilken betydelse deras uppfattning om det begreppet får för elevers undervisning i svenskämnet. Studien ska dessutom undersöka och analysera deras uppfattningar om hur ett vidgat textbegrepp kan förstås och relateras gentemot styrdokumenten i svenskämnet. För att fånga fyra lärares uppfattningar om ett vidgat textbegrepp och vilken betydelse deras uppfattning får för deras elevers svenskundervisning, har intervjuer genomförts i grundskolan med fyra lärare i år 6-9. Förhoppningen var att dessa intervjuer skulle ge en bild av verksamma lärares uppfattning om ett vidgat textbegrepp och hur det gestaltas i deras undervisning. Resultatdelen i uppsatsen upplyser om de fyra lärarnas olika uppfattningar om ett vidgat textbegrepp och vilken betydelse det får för elevers undervisning i svenskämnet.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the understanding, of four teachers, about the wide text concept as it is put in the Swedish curriculum of 2000, and what meaning their opinion has for their teaching in Swedish arts. Furthermore it will look into and analyze their comprehension about how a wide text concept can be understood and be related to the governing documents in Swedish arts. In order to catch the opinion about the wide text concept of four teachers and to see what significance their comprehension about it shows in their teaching, we have interviewed four teachers of Swedish arts in the years 6-9. The expectation was that these interviews should picture active teachers understanding about a wide text concept and how it is shown in their teaching. The result part in this essay informs about these four teachers different comprehension about a wide text concept and what significance it gets for the teaching of their students in Swedish arts.</p>

<p>This essay is about how and why teachers use fiction litterature as a teaching method. It´s based on a study among eight teachers in year 4-6 at a school in Mariehamn in the Åland Islands. The results show the high importance of using fiction litterature in education. Fiction literature is highly valued in all subjects as it stimulates the students development of language, empathy and fantasy. The curriculum´s aim of using fiction litterature is to stimulate the pleasure of reading. This essay shows that the teachers are valueing the language develpoment as the most important reason.</p>

<p>The purpose of this study is to find whether there is any truth in the thesis that adopted children from abroad is in greater need of special support, in particular regarding factors that might inhibit the language development that may cause language problems.</p><p>To achieve knowledge for this study, the methods have been to seek and analyze literature that discusses theories about language development and language socialization. To understand if theory and reality is cohesive, two interviews was conducted with special teachers that have had experiences teaching adopted children, analyzes of the results contra literature has been somewhat important and necessary. To ensure the reliability the interviews was recorded on tape and later transcribed.</p><p>The results from literature studies indicates that adopted children are more likely to be in need of special support in school due to factors concerning, among other things, adaptation difficulties, language progress and identity. Overall, language progress is depended on children’s total progress that includes physical, emotional and psychological condition. The results of the interviews agree in many aspects and outline the importance of giving such adopted children correct and individual support.</p><p>The conclusions of this study is that adopted children from abroad can, in some cases, be in need of special support in school, but not necessarily just because they are adopted. Language socialization explains how a language is learned and used and in that sense, it’s very important to be aware of the responsibility you have as a teacher to overview large spread of individuals and their progress.</p>

<p>This work investigates how educationalists on a multi-cultural school work with language development of bilingually children. The children in both investigated classes have a different mother tongue which means that they have Swedish as a second language, they are bilingually. It’s relevant for me to know if there is any consideration taken for these bilingually children. If yes, then in what way? The method which is used is a two weeks observation of two classes in the third grade, complemented with semi- structured interviews with the two class teachers. Both educationalists are bilingually and have great experience of working with bilingually children.</p><p>The result of the investigation was that enough consideration wasn’t taking place for the bilingually children, This was caused by external circumcises, with bilingually children drastically increasing in school today have lead to too many children per teacher which has caused disturbance in the classroom. The educationalists work with bilingualism unconsciousness and they don’t put a lot of importance into every individual because of the fact that all children in the classes are bilingually, which leads to the education not being individually adapted. They are instead putting a great efforts into simplify and change the tasks so that the children easier understands them. They use a lot of both reading and writing as a way of working to stimulate the children’s language development. Something that can have a great significance for the children and their language development is the first mother tongue teaching which they have at school. There isn’t any cooperation between the class teachers and the mother tongue teachers at the moment.</p>

<p>Thanks to preschool Bamse and the entire literature I have related to in my degree work I have both got an explanation for my question at issue, and a clearer insight for my main question "The treating of bilingual children after acclimatization". I have within the investigation chosen to study on the basis of the educationalists perspective on bilingual way of working. My question at issue on this investigation has been to see how a regular day of language development looks and how the group of children developed the Swedish language.</p><p>The purpose with my degree work was to be able to get an insight in the educationalists way of working and methods and also to see how the educationalists treats bilingually individuals after the acclimatization. I have when it concerns choice of method and material collections assumed from a qualitative investigation and gathered the material with help from participation notices and interviews.</p><p>Down here I will sum up the investigation in poles and describe the aspect the informants have pointed out under the interviews.</p><p>Bilingually children’s develop the Swedish language with the educationalists by:</p><ul><li>Converse and communicate with the child</li><li>Name word and objects</li><li>Using the body language at conversations</li><li>Building security in the group of children</li><li>Integrate the playing to a language development in the regular day</li><li>Confirm the child’s meaning at different connections</li><li>Create a god relation with the individual</li><li>Take part of the mother tongue in the program to name single words</li><li>Giving the individual the opportunity to express their thoughts freely</li><li>Place the child at the center of attention among the group of children</li><li>Take part of the parents experience with the mother tongue</li><li>Giving space to create own imagination with the playing for the individual</li><li>Have the language as an approach</li></ul><p>Even the theories mediate that the educationalists shall promote the work with bilingual children so that they control the purpose and see the meaning of activity. The play shall be reason for all activity to increase the will for the group of children. Litterateur also brings out that the preschool program shall establish that the individual gets the opportunity to develop its mother tongue to increase the understanding of the Swedish language. Finally I want to point out that on the basis of the interviews and observations on the preschool program, the educationalists consider that the mother tongue is like a foundation for bilingually children so that they will develop the Swedish language.</p>

<p>This essay presents and discusses a study that was performed in a multicultural school, where the teachers, since August 2004, have obtained internal training in how to work with language development. The objective with this essay is to investigate how the connection between language development and the development of knowledge can be understood and apprehended by teachers working in this school, and furthermore, to show how a language developing way of work can be accomplished in the teachers daily work.</p><p>Moreover, I have studied which objectives and strategies, the three language developers in charge of the training of the teachers, have concerning this work, furthermore I have looked into if these objectives and strategies differ from what the teachers understand and practically perform.</p><p>Pauline Gibbons book, <em>Stärk språket, stärk lärandet </em>(2006), has become a base for this school’s work when it comes to language development. Gibbons presents theories and practical exercises which have their origin from Vygotskij, Halliday and Cummins. Their theories have also become my theoretical base in this study.</p><p>I have made qualitative interviews with four teachers working in this school, and with one of the language developers. The results, from the teacher’s views and opinions in this subject, are presented individually. The spread between the teacher’s thoughts, when it comes to the connection between language development and knowledge, is quite extensive and so are the methods they choose, consciously or unconsciously, to work in a language developing way. The most important result, drawn from this study, is that all four teachers give examples of how to work in a language developing way, but only one presents a more well-thought-out method of how to work, and also explains why these methods develops the students knowledge and not only the language development.</p><p>Consequently, there is a gap between the awareness of how important language development is in the process of developing ones knowledge, and how this is performed in the teachers’ daily work with the students’. This could be of interest for the school to investigate further.</p>

<p>I have chosen to write this essay on language development in a preparatory class due to the fact that I live in a city where diversity is big and newly arrived students from different countries are constantly increasing in schools. My study has been made in a preparatory class in Södertälje. The National Agency for Education highlights the deficiencies in preparatory classes and believes that education is not adapted to each student's knowledge and maturity and it is therefore difficult for students to reach the goals in school. According to studies by the National Agency for Education, it appears that many newly arrived students do not recieve study guide in their native language, a resource that they are entitled to. Teachers and principals do not take charge of  students knowledge from previous school attendance in their home countries such as mathematics, history and other subjects. The purpose of this essay is to find out how to work with language development in a preparatory class. The focus of interest is to investigate how much the Swedish and the native language are used in class. My theoretical starting points will consist of theories of second language learning, language development, language switching and native language.</p><p>In my studies I have used the qualitative method in which I have observed in a preparatory class for three school days and have interviewed three teachers and four students.</p><p>The conclusion which I have found from my empirical material is that the teachers in the preparatory class work with language development by first and foremost providing security to their students in the classroom. When this security is created, their main tool for language development is constantly support in the native language in all subjects.</p>

<p>The purpose of this study is to examine how educationalists work with bilingual children's language by looking at how and what approaches are used to encourage language development. I have chosen to compare two educational philosophies: Montessori and Outdoor Education, to see how big the differences / similarities are in working methods. The background to this study is that preschools uses various approaches and have different methods to stimulate the children. This means that the conditions for children's language development might look different depending on the preschool they go to. The information used has been gathered through interviews, where I have taken note of educationalists thoughts on their working methods, and through professional literature dealing with this topic. Results and analysis has been performed and presented in various areas that are common in preschool: Reading, gathering, singing and rhymes. The examination shows that there are some differences but that the preschools are working in a similar manner.</p>

<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate into the praxis based sociocultural tools that are utilized to enhance language development in early childhood education. Four pre-school teachers were involved in this study. Two were recruited from an independent pre-school "Maria Montessori", practicing the pedagogical philosophy developed by Maria Montessori. Two were from a public pre-school herein named "Kvasten", which has no official philosophy but where the teachers (like in many Swedish pre-schools) work in a general alignment with the principles of Reggio Emilia pedagogics. The theoretical fundament of the study lies in the general theories of language development and education of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotskij, and the comparative element mainly concerns the variations in pedagogical praxis between the two pre-schools, and the way the teachers reason about language development. No attempt is made to systematically compare the general merits of the Maria Montessori method and the Reggio Emilia philosophy in enhancing early childhood language development.</p><p>The empirical material consists of interviews and observations. The research method used draws on qualitative methodology in the observations and in the interviews with pre-school teachers. The study confirms that language is considered to be an important part of early development by all teachers interviewed, and this was also confirmed by the observations conducted in the two pre-school settings. The early childhood teachers in this study work actively and consciously to stimulate the children’s language development. The data analysis demonstrates that the pedagogues used various working methods and different educational materials in order to stimulate the children’s language development skills. At the same time the study shows that the teachers’ methods of education differed slightly depending on the varying possibilities and opportunities provided in the two pre-schools.</p>

<p>Syftet med mitt arbete är att undersöka högläsningens roll i barns sätt att lära sig läsa och förstå vad läsning innebär. Många föräldrar läser sagor för sina barn kanske utan att tänka på den positiva inverkan det har. Det är just dessa faktorer jag vill lyfta fram.</p><p>Genom litteraturstudier och intervjuer framkommer det att högläsning har en märkbar påverkan på ett barns förmåga att lära sig läsa. Genom att iaktta läsarens samspel med t.ex. en bok eller tidning kan ett barn komma underfund med att dessa föremål innehåller något som väcker läsarens intresse. Barnet kan observera läsaren interaktion med boken och texten vilket ger barnet en läsmodell eller förebild att följa.</p><p>Högläsning tillsammans med ett eller flera barn ger också möjlighet för barnen att utöka sitt ordförråd samt att diskutera både texter och för dem okända ord. Just i detta syfte kan gruppens storlek ha olika påverkan.</p> / <p>The purpose with my essay is to explore the role of reading aloud in children’s way of coming to terms with what reading is. Many parents might read stories for their children without realizing its positive influence. These are the aspects I would like to address.</p><p>Through literature studies as well as interviews it shows that where is a noticeable deferens between children that have or have not been read to in their ability to learn how to read. Through observing the readers interaction with for example a book or a paper the child can realize that these objects contain something of interest to the reader. The child can note the reader’s interactions with the book or a text which provides the child with a foundation in its understanding of what reading is and the child also gets a role model.</p><p>When you read aloud to one or several children, it also gives them the opportunity to expand their vocabulary and furthermore to discuss both different texts and to them unknown words. For this particular reason the size of the group might have different affects.</p>