This is a document explaining in detail my artistic practice from childhood to the day I graduated VCU. It will perhaps only be understood by those who have themselves already felt such ways, or similar ways – words and ghosts are mostly invisible.

In December 1899, the Italian camera operator Giuseppe Filippi, trained by the famous French Lumière brothers, arrived in Haiti and began conducting film screenings for local audiences. Within the next two years, his Caribbean travels led him to Guadeloupe and Martinique, where he left behind him a seed of interest in an art form that, as I will demonstrate, would alternately develop and wane over the course of the twentieth century depending on funding and the turbulence of the fluctuating French Caribbean political and cultural climate. Chapters one and two provide a thorough roadmap of the development of the French Caribbean film industry and conclude chronologically, arriving at the current state of cinema in these islands. Though the debate over the existence of the industry still carries on amongst local film professionals, particularly in Guadeloupan and Martinican circles, these chapters offer compelling evidence of distinct and verifiable cinematic production. The final two chapters consist of an analysis of a set of five films, chosen for their relatively recent release as well as their thematic, aesthetic, and structural variety. This set of films constitutes evidence of a wave of films unified by their preoccupation with memory, an orientation that mirrors and reinforces a contemporary cultural movement in these islands, and by their advancement of overt, contextually relevant postcolonial political agenda. / text

I denna studie undersöks karaktären Lara Croft i filmerna Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) och Tomb Raider (2018) utifrån frågeställningarna: Hur skildras karaktären Lara Croft i filmerna Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) respektive Tomb Raider (2018), vilka likheter och skillnader finns? Vad kan eventuella likheter och skillnader bero på? I analysen kallas karaktären i filmen från 2001 (en adaption av de ursprungliga datorspelen Tomb Raider från 1990-talet) för ”gamla Lara” och karaktären i filmen från 2018 (en adaption av nyversionen av samma datorspel från 2013–2018) för ”nya Lara”. Först diskuteras den visuella skildringen av Lara Croft utifrån Laura Mulveys begrepp ”den manliga blicken” och ”to-be-looked-at-ness” samt Yvonne Taskers iakttagelser där det finns stora skillnader mellan filmerna. Gamla Lara tillgängliggörs inom en traditionellt kvinnlig kontext genom sexighet, hon objektifieras för den manliga blicken och präglas av ”to-be-looked-at-ness”, medan nya Lara inte gör det. Nya Lara tillgängliggörs dock inom en traditionellt kvinnlig kontext genom att vara ett romantiskt intresse för en man. Sedan diskuteras Lara utifrån den ”postfeministiska supertjejen” som Janine Engelbrecht beskriver och där finns också stora skillnader. Gamla Lara präglas starkt av det postfeministiska (och orealistiska) supertjejidealet medan nya Lara är mer mänsklig. Nya Lara präglas av en realism som har potential att utmana förväntningarna på vad en kvinna kan vara och göra i verkligheten medan gamla Lara snarare representerar en fantasi. Sist diskuteras Lara utifrån Rikke Schubarts Dotterarketyp och där finns mest likheter. Både gamla och nya Lara har internaliserat traditionellt manliga intressen, egenskaper och beteenden, de har ingen önskan att lämna sitt traditionellt manliga yrke (äventyrare och arkeolog) utan ser fram emot nästa fartfyllda utmaning. Varken gamla eller nya Lara längtar efter en traditionellt kvinnlig livsstil med romantik eller shopping. Både gamla och nya Lara har dock ett utvecklat bakgrundsnarrativ (där pappan är central) som ”förklarar” varför hon befinner sig i en traditionellt manlig kontext. Frånvaron av en mamma i Laras narrativ kan också ses som en förklaring till varför hon inte uppvisar traditionellt kvinnliga intressen eller beteenden. Skillnaderna hos nya Lara med avseende på den visuella skildringen och det postfeministiska supertjejidealet kan kopplas till (framförallt) feministisk kritik som riktades mot gamla Lara på just dessa punkter. De hjälteegenskaper som feministiska analyser belyst som positiva hos gamla Lara har bevarats även hos nya Lara vilket kan vara orsaken till de många likheter som återfinns gällande Dotterarketypen.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:15:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carolina_chagas2.pdf: 25156771 bytes, checksum: 7b73e9f153c7239d2a8d668888775932 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study analyzes the journalistic work of Otto Lara Resende (1922 1992) based on columns he published in the newspaper Folha de S.Paulo from 1991 to 1992. It describes the support in which the columns exist the newspaper and discusses the importance of this writing genre for the periodicals. It also provides an overview of journalistic columns in Brazil, describing influences evinced by the columns over the decades. Some of the 523 columns that Otto Lara Resende wrote for the Folha de S.Paulo are selected to demonstrate features of this columnist s writing, such as irony, criticism and the use of day-to-day life. The texts by Otto concerning the Collor Era, a period of recent Brazilian history marked by intense activity by the press, are given a special focus. Having arisen in France at the end of the 19th century, the practice of writing and publishing columns soon arrived in Brazil, and with the overall development of the press in the 20th century the column s role was consolidated and took on peculiarities that became established as distinctively Brazilian characteristics. The newspaper column has been a starting point for various writers who became known for their column writing, including Rubem Braga, Paulo Mendes Campos, Antônio Maria and Otto Lara Resende himself. He was a journalist in the widest sense of the term having worked in all sectors of newspaper production: reporting, editing, report planning, editorials and authored several books including O Braço Direito and Boca do Inferno. His last columns display striking characteristics, as described in this study. His columns for the Folha are a good example of the blending of different fields journalism and literature which is typical of Brazilian periodicals, giving rise to reflections on current journalistic practice / Essa pesquisa analisa a produção jornalística de Otto Lara Resende (1922-1992) a partir das crônicas que ele publicou no jornal Folha de S.Paulo entre os anos de 1991 e 1992. O trabalho estuda o suporte das crônicas o jornal e discute a importância desse gênero de escrita para os periódicos. O estudo também traça um panorama da crônica no Brasil, mostrando influências sofridas com o passar das décadas. Selecionamos ainda algumas crônicas das 523 que Otto Lara Resende publicou na Folha de S.Paulo para mostrar traços do texto do cronista, como a ironia, a crítica e uso do tom cotidiano. Os textos de Otto sobre a Era Collor , período da história recente do país que foi especialmente marcante pela atuação da imprensa, mereceram destaque no estudo. Surgida na França, no final do século XIX, a crônica logo veio para o Brasil e, no decorrer do século XX, paralelamente ao desenvolvimento da imprensa, consolidou-se e ganhou particularidades que depois se consagrariam como brasileiras. A crônica abrigou uma leva de escritores que se tornariam conhecidos principalmente por suas atividades de cronista, como Rubem Braga, Paulo Mendes Campos, Antônio Maria e Otto Lara Resende, entre outros. Jornalista no sentido mais amplo do termo ele trabalhou em todos os setores da produção de um jornal: reportagem, edição, pauta, editoriais e autor de livros são dele O Braço Direito, Boca do Inferno, entre outros , Otto Lara Resende imprimiu nos seus últimos trabalhos características marcantes do gênero crônica, destacados por essa pesquisa. Suas crônicas para a Folha são um bom exemplo de um cruzamento de fronteiras do jornalismo e da literatura que é típico dos periódicos nacionais e abre espaço para reflexões sobre a atualidade jornalística

The aim of this essay is to examine how Lara Croft, Bayonetta, Emily Kaldwin and Billie Lurk have been portrayed in their respective games. The questions at issue have examined how these four characters have been portrayed by their appearance on the cover of their games and how they’ve been depicted in gameplay. A comparative study has been used to compare how the design on the characters have been differentiated not only from each other but also from the male characters in each game. The essay has also examined what the sex and gender identity have been of the character’s creators and if they’ve motivated their character designs. An analysis has been made to establish if there has been a male gaze present in the design process and the game and if this has led to the character’s being sexualized. Judith Butler’s performativity theory has been used for this essay along with Laura Mulvey’s theory of the male gaze as well as an intersectional approach according to Kimberlé Crenshaw. Lara Croft, Bayonetta and Emily Kaldwin are shown to break gender codes while still upholding some of them; Billie Lurk is the only one that totally breaks with them and creates a sort of a “new woman”, as she not only breaks the Madonna-and-the-Whore-complex in which each of the other three can be put in. Billie Lurk and Emily Kaldwin are the only female characters which can be seen as not sexualized or steered by the male gaze, but instead they give the gamer an opportunity to live the characters’ stories through them with the first-person-shooter-view. Lara Croft from the games before Tomb Raider (2013) and Bayonetta are clearly sexualized female characters that are controlled by male desire and the male gaze. As these two games are played from a third-person-view it gives the gamer the power to control these women, putting them under the gamer’s will.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-06-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 aio_aa_me_sjrp.pdf: 459736 bytes, checksum: a8f3cb5ba1cad40bf403cc31b3ca8066 (MD5) / Este estudo pretende discutir as relações entre jornalismo e literatura enquanto discursos que se cruzam ao longo da história e, ao mesmo tempo, preservam características singulares que os distanciam de uma relação mais próxima nos tempos atuais. Do lado do jornalismo, o bom português pregado pelos manuais de redação não é suficiente para potencializar a capacidade de informação do discurso, diante de um referencial ora complexo, ora sutil. Nesses casos, a linguagem da mediação social poderia ultrapassar o simples domínio técnico da gramática e do jargão jornalístico por meio da crônica, fusão bem acabada entre o relato do real e o construto literário. O presente trabalho busca analisar parte da produção cronística de Otto Lara Resende, por sua versatilidade no tratamento da notícia. Otto confere ao fato jornalístico uma dimensão muito mais profunda, sob um prisma muito mais rico do que pretende o relato usual da notícia, por meio de um discurso construído literariamente. Assim, desmistifica a pretensão da verdade da narrativa de jornal e, ao mesmo tempo, tira da literatura a formalidade que lhe é característica,trazendo-a ao rés-do-chão. / This study intends to analyze the relations between journalism and literature as discourses which intersect themselves along history and, at the same time, maintain singular characteristics that distance them from a closer relation at the present time. In journalism, the good Portuguese diffused by writing manuals is not enough to boost the capacity of information discourse, when facing references whether complex or subtle. In such cases, the language of social mediation could outpass the simple grammar and journalistic jargon s technical command by means of the newspaper column, which is a good fusion of the real report and the literary construct. The paper aims at analyzing part of the newspaper column production written by Otto Lara Resende for his versatility on the news usage. Otto provides the journalistic notice with a deeper dimension by using a literary discourse, from a much richer perspective than the one intended by the usual narration. Consequently, he demystifies the pretension of the truth in the newspaper narrative and, at the same time, also removes the typical formality from literature, bringing it close to the ground.

Ce mémoire se concentre sur la figure de l’héroïne d’action dans les jeux vidéo. La culture vidéoludique, qui glorifie la masculinité militarisée, tend à sexualiser les personnages féminins et à négliger les préférences des joueuses afin de cibler les hommes et les garçons. La figure de l’héroïne d’action naît du désir d’inclusion des femmes dans la culture du jeu vidéo. Ces protagonistes féminins, bien que souvent objectifiés comme le témoigne le célèbre personnage de Lara Croft, présentent tout de même un potentiel subversif en envahissant l’espace traditionnellement masculin. Ce mémoire analyse quelques protagonistes qui correspondent à la figure de l’héroïne et la remodèlent. / This master thesis focuses on the action heroine trope in video games. The video game culture, which glorifies militarized masculinity, tends to sexualize female characters and to neglect the preferences of female players by targeting men and boys. The action heroine trope is born from the desire to include women in the video game culture. These female protagonists are often sexualized, such as the famous Lara Croft, but they also have a subversive potential by invading a traditional masculine space. This master thesis analyzes a few characters that are modeled and reshaped on the action heroine trope.

Esta dissertação analisa crônicas do livro Histórias sem amanhã, de Lara de Lemos, escritas nos anos de 1950, para o Jornal Correio do Povo, de Porto Alegre, e publicadas em livro em 1963. O propósito da análise é evidenciar o modo como a autora problematiza a condição feminina, expandindo a sua discussão para a condição humana, os problemas sociais e os paradoxos da vida na cidade, buscando verificar a relação entre o particular e o universal, uma vez que os textos, ao abordar questões do cotidiano, atingem uma dimensão estética que os torna universais. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-09-30T16:54:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Salete Nair Carletto Cousseau.pdf: 1159734 bytes, checksum: 47d412306cb6bcc32e6a730716e90dd8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-30T16:54:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Salete Nair Carletto Cousseau.pdf: 1159734 bytes, checksum: 47d412306cb6bcc32e6a730716e90dd8 (MD5) / This dissertation analyzes some chronicles from the book Histórias sem Amanhã, from Lara de Lemos, written in the 1950‟s, to be published in Correio do Povo newspaper in Porto Alegre further the chronicles had been published as a novel in 1963. The purpose of this analysis is to evidence the way the author discusses the status of the female condition, expanding her argument to the human condition, social problems and paradoxes from de life in the city, searching to reflect the relationship between particular and universal, once the texts, approaching this daily issues reaching an aesthetic dimension that turns then universal.

Esta dissertação analisa crônicas do livro Histórias sem amanhã, de Lara de Lemos, escritas nos anos de 1950, para o Jornal Correio do Povo, de Porto Alegre, e publicadas em livro em 1963. O propósito da análise é evidenciar o modo como a autora problematiza a condição feminina, expandindo a sua discussão para a condição humana, os problemas sociais e os paradoxos da vida na cidade, buscando verificar a relação entre o particular e o universal, uma vez que os textos, ao abordar questões do cotidiano, atingem uma dimensão estética que os torna universais. / This dissertation analyzes some chronicles from the book Histórias sem Amanhã, from Lara de Lemos, written in the 1950‟s, to be published in Correio do Povo newspaper in Porto Alegre further the chronicles had been published as a novel in 1963. The purpose of this analysis is to evidence the way the author discusses the status of the female condition, expanding her argument to the human condition, social problems and paradoxes from de life in the city, searching to reflect the relationship between particular and universal, once the texts, approaching this daily issues reaching an aesthetic dimension that turns then universal.