<p>Background: The stress in the society seems to having become more amplified and more trying. Statistics show that the appearance of stress related industrial diseases have increased strikingly. What can be stressing at the workplace? The work conditions are not the only thing that causes stress but no matter what the causes are employers have to restore the employees to their former positions. How are companies dealing with the problems of stress in reality? Do they have formulated strategies for how to manage the problems? </p><p>Purpose: The purpose with this essay is to try to see pattern in how companies manage and treat stress and stress related industrial diseases. </p><p>Realization: To distinguish patterns in the stress handling process, ten respondents from two case companies has been interviewed. The respondents are divided into three categories, which are employees that have been subjected to stress, those above them and trade-union colleagues. They have answered questions concerning stress and how their companies manage the stress problems that have occurred, with focus on goals and strategies, co-ordination forms and leadership. </p><p>Results: Within each group of respondents, some patterns can be seen regarding how companies have managed stress. However, the apprehension of stress management differs from one group to the other why, generally, there is not possible to distinguish any uniform patterns in the stress management.</p>

Bakgrund: Många politiskt styrda organisationer står inför stora och avgörande förändringar för hur deras verksamhet skall bedrivas i framtiden. Politiskt styrda organisationer har annorlunda förutsättningar för att genomföra strategiska förändringar än privata. Vad innebär den politiska kontextens säregenhet och vad kan göras för att överbrygga problem. Syfte: Att utifrån FUM undersöka hur strategiskt förändringsarbete kan bedrivas i politiskt styrda organisationer. Genomförande: Vi har haft en explorativ ansats och genomfört 10 intervjuer med ledande politiker i Motala kommun. Resultat: För att kunna bedriva strategiskt förändringsarbete i en politiskt styrd organisation måste man vara medveten om organisationens särart, nämligen att det är många intressenter inblandade och att organisationens existens bygger på legitimitet och demokrati. Dessa faktorer påverkar förändringsarbetet främst genom att processen kommer att ta tid. Problem som kan uppstå är att organisationen inte är förändringsbenägen p.g.a. traditionellt arbetssätt, bristande extern och intern förankring, bristande engagemang och helhetssyn. Vi ser att det främsta medlet för att överbrygga problemen är förbätrad kommunikation.

Background: The stress in the society seems to having become more amplified and more trying. Statistics show that the appearance of stress related industrial diseases have increased strikingly. What can be stressing at the workplace? The work conditions are not the only thing that causes stress but no matter what the causes are employers have to restore the employees to their former positions. How are companies dealing with the problems of stress in reality? Do they have formulated strategies for how to manage the problems? Purpose: The purpose with this essay is to try to see pattern in how companies manage and treat stress and stress related industrial diseases. Realization: To distinguish patterns in the stress handling process, ten respondents from two case companies has been interviewed. The respondents are divided into three categories, which are employees that have been subjected to stress, those above them and trade-union colleagues. They have answered questions concerning stress and how their companies manage the stress problems that have occurred, with focus on goals and strategies, co-ordination forms and leadership. Results: Within each group of respondents, some patterns can be seen regarding how companies have managed stress. However, the apprehension of stress management differs from one group to the other why, generally, there is not possible to distinguish any uniform patterns in the stress management.

Den 1 januari 1996 infördes ett nytt regelverk på den svenska elmarknaden. En marknad som sedan 1902 varit kontrollerad av staten avreglerades, och fri konkurrens för handel med elektricitet. Regeringen skriver i ett direktiv 2003 att ”den ökade konkurrensen och den nya regleringen på elmarknaden har inneburit stora strukturförändringar”. Intresset växte för hur dessa strukturförändringar påverkade aktörernas strategiska agerande. Hur hanterar en monopolist en avreglering och hur skapas en position på ”en ny marknad”? Syftet med vår uppsats är att beskriva de strukturförändringar som skett på den svenska elmarknaden i samband med avregleringen, samt att i denna kontext analysera elhandelsföretagens strategiska agerande. Vidare syftar uppsatsen till att identifiera strategiska aspekter viktiga i ett sådant förändringsarbete.Genomförande: Uppsatsen kan i viss mån liknas vid en fallstudie där vi genom sex olika elhandelsföretag tittar närmare på de effekter avregleringen av den svenska elmarknaden fått på marknadens aktörer och deras strategier. Empirin grundastill största delen på 14 personliga intervjuer, men utöver detta har även sekundärdata i form av statliga utredningar, övriga undersökningar samt tryckt företagsmaterial använts. Resultat: Vad gäller marknaden är de tydligaste strukturförändringarna en ökad konkurrens, sjunkande marginaler och ett skifte i fokus från teknik- till marknadstänkande. Avseende de strategiska förändringarna hos de enskilda företagen är dessa markanta. Skillnader mellan aktörerna är små, främst på grund av homogeniteten i produkten, och de skillnader som kan ses finns mellan stora och små aktörer. Viktiga aspekter för att hantera en avreglering på ett bra sätt är bland annat att kunna hantera risker, påbörja omorganisationen i tid, ha koll på omvärlden, samt tänka på att storleken spelar roll och att samarbete lönar sig.

Detektivromanen är en genre som på senare år blivit omåttligt populär. Idag kan man köpa en deckare i nästan varje kiosk och matbutik. På detta följer att omslagen i de flesta fall måste sticka ut ur mängden för att boken ska bli såld, vilket sålunda gör det intressant att undersöka vilka metoder man använder – och har använt – för att locka läsare.

This essay concerns on how my novel The Teacher was influenced by the Masters course I completed in Creative Writing at Linnaeus University (2012 – 2014). Basically, The Teacher is about a love affair between a teacher and a student. With an intertextual, comparative and structurally inspired method I examine the process of writing my text. I also examine how my work relates to the great changes of the Swedish school system in the early 1990:s: deregulation, decentralisation and management by objectives. These changes are satirised in the novel. The essay also deals the role of the city in its time, the school in its town, contemporary literary texts with corresponding thematic, the moral values in their time and overall existential questions about responsibility, guilt, acceptance, non-judgmental attitudes, forgiveness and being in the present moment. The examining part of the essay shows how these premises get a concrete expression in the main conflict, main theme, characterization, narrative and stylistic choices. The essay clarifies the satirical point of view that turns The Teacher into an ironical reflection on the Swedish school system after the so-called “kommunaliseringen” (communities taking over from the state). The essay also clarifies how grown ups abdicate from responsibility in the Swedish society and how people judge each other and cling to roles. For that reason The Teacher is relevant within its time but also and even more since it is about recurring existential questions about responsibility and non-judgmental attitudes.

The essay’s main focus has been to investigate and analyze the political actions behind the 2015’s grade compromise; an agreement to introduce grades from the fourth year in primary school. Through a game-theory analysis, mainly based in Leif Lewin’s and Jörgen Herman's research on rationality in politics, this study examined the grade debate  during a fifteen year period. The primary task has thereby been to explain the grade compromise through game-theory. According to the study carried out it is possible to conclude that the conservative parties mainly used strategies as smart rhetorical actions and condemnation of the socialist school policies in order to achieve their goals. They also strategically tried to persuade the opposition to favor their policy. Finally, by postponing the decision process, concerning the grades from grade six, they could promote the election campaign in 2010 and maintain high influence in the government. The red and green parties had for a long time been having differing opinions regarding school policies and education, however, they started cooperating in order to promote their respective preferences. The strategies used were mainly small deviations from their own opinions to make the various outcomes more advantageous. After defeat they strategically embraced the new policy and made it their own to stay strong. The conservative alliance saw the compromise as a strategic way to implement their own policy without relying on the red/green governments execution. The red and green parties also benefited from the compromise. They did not have to discard and abandon their preferences, instead they could prevent the proposal from becoming another legislative change.