This thesis compares novels The War of the Worlds (1898) by Herbert George Wells, Heart of Darkness (1899) by Joseph Conrad, Lord of the Flies (1954) by William Golding and A Clockwork Orange (1962) by Anthony Burgess and their film adaptations. Two of these adaptations are conceived tightly and the other two loosely. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on defining the terms "tight adaptation" and "loose adaptation", on adaptation theories and on choosing the right criteria by which it will be possible to judge the suitability of techniques of adaptation in each case study. The practical part applies the chosen criteria on each adaptation and evaluates the success in transferring key themes and motifs from the model book into the movie version. Key words: tight adaptation, loose adaptation, fidelity, movie version, novel version 

Based on the limited outcomes and often failed implementation processes of annual employee surveys a new phenomenon for collecting people data has risen; the pulsed employee survey. This survey and its continuous way of measuring are by many providers and consultants stated to be an important tool that increases employee engagement. The phenomenon of the pulsed employee survey has so far received limited academic attention, despite its growing importance as a potential institutionalized practice. Therefore, this study aims at broadening the understanding of the phenomenon of the pulsed employee survey. How is it transformed into organizations during an implementation process and can the process be seen as coupled or decoupled from the institutionalized practice? Further, what explains the potential coupling or decoupling? To investigate this, a model based on decoupling theories by Bromley & Powell(2012) has been used through a qualitative case study. The result shows that, even though the surveys are implemented into the organizations, means-ends decoupling can be found, whichmay be explained by the complexity of what is measured as well as the multifaceted expectations and perceptions at different organizational levels.

Στην εν λόγω εργασία, έγινε μια προσπάθεια καταγραφής του τεχνολογικού τοπίου της τηλεπικοινωνιακής αγοράς, με έμφαση την διαλειτουργικότητα μεταξύ των Δικτύων Κινητής Τηλεφωνίας και των Ασύρματων Δικτύων Δεδομένων και των σχετικών αλλαγών που έχει επιφέρει αυτή η διαλειτουργικότητα, τόσο στις παρεχόμενες υπηρεσίες, όσο και στα εφαρμοζόμενα επιχειρηματικά μοντέλα από πλευράς εταιρειών της συγκεκριμένης αγοράς. Στα πλαίσια αυτής της προσπάθειας, χρειάστηκε να πραγματοποιηθεί μια λεπτομερής καταγραφή των τεχνολογικών εξελίξεων, σε επίπεδο τεχνικών προδιαγραφών και προτύπων, στις παραπάνω δύο κατηγορίες δικτύων, ώστε να καταλήξουμε σε εκείνα τα πρότυπα που πλέον μπορούν να οδηγήσουν στην υλοποίηση δικτύων τα οποία θα χαρακτηρίζονται από τα παρακάτω: • θα είναι ενοποιημένα ώστε οι διαφορετικές τεχνολογικές πλατφόρμες των εταιρειών να λειτουργούν απρόσκοπτα, • θα χαρακτηρίζονται από χαμηλό κόστος, • ο τελικός χρήστης θα μπορεί να είναι συνεχώς συνδεδεμένος με κάποιο δίκτυο ασύρματης πρόσβασης και να απολαμβάνει τις υπηρεσίες που επιθυμεί, οποτεδήποτε και οπουδήποτε. Η δομή της διπλωματικής εργασίας ακολουθεί τον προαναφερθέντα τρόπο σκέψης. Στο 1ο Κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια σύντομη παρουσίαση του στόχου σε επίπεδο τεχνολογιών αλλά και υπηρεσιών, δηλαδή των αναμενόμενων αποτελεσμάτων αυτών των δικτύων νέας γενιάς, στα οποία έχουμε συνηθίσει να αναφερόμαστε ως δίκτυα 4G (4th Generation) ή δίκτυα B3G (Beyond 3G) ή τέλος ως All – IP ασύρματα δίκτυα. Στο 2ο Κεφάλαιο, γίνεται μια λεπτομερής παρουσίαση των Δικτύων Κινητής Τηλεφωνίας από τις πρώτες τους εκδοχές (1G) έως τις πλέον σύγχρονες (3.5G) που έχουν εμφανιστεί μέχρι σήμερα. Αναλύονται τόσο οι γενιές των δικτύων όσο και τα χρησιμοποιούμενα πρότυπα, σε επίπεδο αρχιτεκτονικής όσο και σε επίπεδο πρωτοκόλλων. Στη συνέχεια του κεφαλαίου υπάρχει η τεχνική περιγραφή των επικρατέστερων δικτύων κινητής τηλεφωνίας, σήμερα, δηλαδή των GSM, GPRS και UMTS, ενώ στο τέλος του κεφαλαίου υπάρχει μια σύντομη περιγραφή της διαδικασίας intersystem handover μεταξύ των GSM και UMTS. Στο 3ο Κεφάλαιο, περνάμε πλέον στα Ασύρματα Δίκτυα Δεδομένων. Γίνεται μια εκτενής περιγραφή των προτύπων που έχουν καθοριστεί και συγκεκριμένα στα πρότυπα IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) με κυριότερους εκφραστές τα δίκτυα βασιζόμενα σε Bluetooth και IrDA, το πρότυπο IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) με σημαντικότερος εκπροσώπους τα WiFi και HyperLan/2, το πρότυπο IEEE 802.16 Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) ή αλλιώς γνωστότερο ως WiMAX και τέλος το πρότυπο IEEE 802.20 Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs) ή διαφορετικά Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MWBA) το οποίο είναι υπό διερεύνηση ακόμα και φιλοδοξεί να αποτελέσει το ασύρματο ανάλογο της τεχνολογίας xDSL, καθώς θα προσφέρει ασύρματες ευρυζωνικές υπηρεσίες. Στο 4ο Κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται μεθοδολογίες υλοποίησης του integration μεταξύ δικτύων των δύο κατηγοριών και συγκεκριμένα παραδείγματα διαλειτουργικότητας, όπως μεταξύ GPRS ή UMTS και WLANs ή μεταξύ UMTS και WiMAX. Γίνεται εκτενής συζήτηση γύρω από τα προβλήματα που θα πρέπει να αντιμετωπιστούν, όπως η εξασφάλιση ανεκτού επιπέδου QoS, οι μηχανισμοί για handover μεταξύ των δικτύων, η διαχείριση της κινητικότητας των χρηστών και των τερματικών και δίνονται παραδείγματα δημιουργίας ενοποιημένων δικτύων, τόσο με τη τεχνική της χαλαρής όσο και με την τεχνική της ισχυρής ζεύξης. Στο τελευταίο τμήμα του Κεφαλαίου, γίνεται μια εκτενής αναφορά στις αρχιτεκτονικές διασύνδεσης ετερογενών δικτύων με IP δίκτυα κορμού, τα γνωστά All – IP networks. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στους μηχανισμούς πραγματοποίησης των handovers βάσει πολιτικών (policy based) και η χρήση τεχνικών για micromobility και macromobility σε σχέση με την κινητικότητα των τερματικών. Το 5ο Κεφάλαιο αφορά τις εφαρμογές και υλοποιήσεις ασυρμάτων δικτύων δεδομένων στον Ελληνικό χώρο, στα πλαίσια του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Κοινωνία της Πληροφορίας» και πιο συγκεκριμένα τα «Εξοπλισμός και δικτύωση σε όλες τις βαθμίδες της εκπαίδευσης», «Ασύρματα Ευρυζωνικά Δίκτυα ΟΤΑ»και «Μητροπολιτικά Ευρυζωνικά Δίκτυα Οπτικών Ινών ΟΤΑ» και ουσιαστικά αποτελούν παραδείγματα και υλοποιήσεις διασύνδεσης WiFi, WiMAX και IP backbone δικτύων όπως το ΣΥΖΕΥΞΙΣ με δυνατότητες για παροχή VoIP. / In this thesis, an effort of presenting the technological landscape of the telecommunication market takes place, with focus on the interoperability between the Mobile Telephony Networks and the Wireless Data Networks and the relative changes that have evolved through this interoperability, both regarding the provided services and the applied business models by the enterprises of the specific market. Within the frames of this effort, a detailed recording of technological developments is realised, in terms of technical specifications and standards, in the two aforementioned categories of networks, so as to conclude to those standards that are utilized by the next generation networks (4G) which will be: • Networks that will be unified so as the different technological platforms will function smoothly. • Networks that will be characterized by low cost of deployment. • The end user will be continuously connected with a wireless access network, enjoying the preferred services anywhere and anytime. The master thesis structure follows the aforementioned methodology. The 1st Chapter includes a short presentation of expected results, both in terms of technologies and services for next generation networks, which we usually refer to as 4G networks (4th Generation) or B3G networks (Beyond 3G) or finally as All - IP wireless networks (AIPN). In the 2nd Chapter, a detailed presentation of Mobile Telephony Networks takes place, from their first versions (1G) until the most modern (3.5G) that have been presented up to today. The analysis includes both the various generations of networks and the used standards, in terms of modulation and multiplexing techniques. The rest of the chapter focuses on the technical description of the prevailing networks, GSM, GPRS and UMTS, while the chapter ends with a short description of intersystem handover processes between GSM and UMTS. Τhe 3rd Chapter, includes an extensive description of the Wireless Data Networks standards such as: IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) with main representatives networks based on Bluetooth and IrDA, standard IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) mainly represented by WiFi and HyperLan/2, IEEE 802.16 Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) standard, widely known as WiMax and finally the IEEE 802.20 Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs) standard, namely Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MWBA) that is still under development and aspires to constitutes the wireless version of the xDSL technology, since it aims to provide wireless broadband services. In the 4th Chapter methodologies for integrating the two types of networks, are presented along with examples of interoperability between GPRS / UMTS and WLANs or between UMTS and WiMAX. Extensive discussion around the problems that should be faced, as the guarantee of bearable QoS level, the mechanisms for handover between the networks and the management of mobility of users and terminals, is held. Moreover, examples of integrated networks with both loose and tight coupling methodologies are presented. The last section of the chapter concerns a detailed description of architectures for interconnecting heterogeneous wireless networks over IP – based backhaul networks, namely All – IP networks, with special focus on policy based handover mechanisms and techniques for managing micromobility and macromobility issues. The 5th Chapter concerns the changes taking place in the telecommunications market deriving from the technological progress in the subject of heterogeneous wireless networks interconnection. New service packets are created, as a result of new business plans that are drawn up by the big telecommunications organizations. Finally, we present the developments in the Greek market and subsidised projects from Information Society AE, via which wireless networks have been materialised, with aim to promote Broadband Services.

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Arbetet med att stärka ett arbetsgivarvarumärkes attraktivitet, både internt och externt, det alltmer välbekanta begreppet “Employer branding”, är ett vanligt förekommande koncept i dagens organisationer. Syftet med studien är att försöka ta reda på vad fenomenet “Employer branding” är och hur organisationer kan bedriva arbetet med att göra sitt arbetsgivarvarumärket attraktiv på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Tieto, COWI och Klarna AB är de företag som deltar i studien. Begreppen legitimitet och löskoppling från den institutionella- och nyinstitutionella teorin kommer att ligga som teoretisk utgångspunkt för att besvara studiens frågeställningar och syfte. Den metod som har använts är en kvalitativ intervjustudie, där totalt åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer utifrån ett strategiskt urval har genomförts med de tre företagen. För att bearbeta materialet har transkriberingsmetoden använts där vi utgår från en deduktiv ansats och har kodat materialet efter på förhand formulerade begrepp som var ställda i relation till den teoretiska utgångspunkten. Det empiriska materialet visar att alla tre företagen är medvetna om både den interna och framförallt den externa sidan av Employer branding och påstår att de är aktiva i arbetet med att öka attraktiviteten internt inom organisationen såväl som externt. / The work with Employer branding, both external and internal, is a frequent used concept in organizations today. The purpose of our study is to try to find out what the phenomenon of “Employer branding” is and how organizations can pursue efforts to make its employer brand attractive on the Swedish labor market. Tieto, COWI and Klarna AB are the companies participating in our study. The terms legitimacy and loose coupling from the institutional- and new institutional theory is going to be our theoretical base to enable us to answer our questions and purpose of our study. The used method is a qualitative study, where a total of eight semi-structured interviews based on a strategic selection were carried out with the three companies. In order to process the material have transcription-method been used that is based on a deductive approach and the material has been coded after pre-formulated concepts that were made out in relation to the theoretical starting point. The empirical material indicates that all three companies are aware of both the internal and especially the external side of Employer branding and states that they are active in the work to increase attractiveness internally within the organization as well as the extern.

Simulations play an integral role in the understanding and development of rotor- craft aeromechanics. Computational Fluid Dynamics coupled with Computational Structural Dynamics (CFD/CSD) offers an excellent approach to analyzing rotors. These methods have been traditionally “loosely-coupled” where data are exchanged periodically, motion is prescribed for CFD, and the updated loads have a static component for CSD. Loosely-coupled CFD/CSD assumes the solution to be periodic, which may not be true for some simulations. “Tightly-coupled” CFD/CSD, where loads and motion are exchanged at each time step, does not make this periodic assumption and opens up new avenues of simulation to research. A major drawback to tightly-coupled CFD/CSD is an increase in computational cost. Different approaches are explored to reduce this cost as well as examine numerical implications in solutions from tightly and loosely-coupled CFD/CSD. A trim methodology optimized for tightly-coupled simulations is developed and found to bring trim costs within parity of loosely-coupled CFD/CSD simulations. Aerodynamic loading is found to be nearly similar for fixed controls. However, the lead-lag blade motion is determined to contain a harmonic in the tightly-coupled analysis that is not an integer multiple of the rotor speed. A hybrid CFD/CSD methodology employing the use of a free-wake code to model the far-field effects of the rotor wake is developed to aid in computational cost reduction. Investigation of this approach reveals that computational costs may be reduced while preserving solution accuracy. This work’s contributions to the community include the development of a trim algorithm appropriate for use in tightly-coupled CFD/CSD simulations along with a detailed examination of the physics predicted by loose and tight coupling for quasi-steady level flight conditions. The influence of the wake in such cases is directly examined using a modular hybrid coupling to a free-wake code that is capable of reduced cost computations.

Swedish Amnesty was founded in 1964 for the purpose of working for the release of prisoners of conscience. Forty years later the organization has expanded its realm of activity to include ideas such as women’s rights, homosexuals’ rights and corporate responsibility for human rights. When these ideas were first introduced, they challenged prevailing assumptions about what the organization should be concerned with. Adopting a longitudinal approach, this dissertation investigates how these three ideas have been transformed from organizational anomalies into organizational practices. This study contributes to organizational institutional theory in general, and the translation of ideas in particular. The study shows that the translation of ideas in an organization is characterized more by conflicting interests and power relationships than previous research in the area has suggested. Four different editing strategies through which ideas were translated into practice could be seen: assimilation, colonization, creolization, and loose coupling. The processes were driven by institutional entrepreneurs who had a personal interest in the ideas and who saw the organization as a tool for promoting their development in society. The entrepreneurs were primarily new members who were shaped more by their historical life trajectories than by the organizational context into which they had entered. The study shows that the institutionalization of ideas about new practices is an incremental process in which ideas are translated into the organization in piecemeal versions. It suggests that institutionalization is an ongoing process in which the practice changes continuously. At the same time this process is also characterized by a certain amount of stability. New practices blend elements of old ones. Finally, this study has shown that organizational identities and interests are not antecedents of action, but rather are something emerging in the translation process.

Agile software development methodologies, such as Scrum, have gained tremendous popularity and proven successful in quickly delivering quality Functional Requirements (FRs). However, agile methodologies have not adequately identified, modeled, and linked Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) with FRs in early development phases. Researchers agree that NFRs have been generally ignored in conventional methodologies, especially ignored in agile environments. This dissertation develops a conceptual framework for NFR modeling in agile processes. The proposed Non-functional Requirements Modeling for Agile Processes (NORMAP) Methodology investigated the feasibility of identifying, linking, and modeling Agile Loose Cases (ALCs) with Agile Use Cases (AUCs) and Agile Choose Cases (ACCs). AUCs are newly proposed hybrid of use cases and agile user stories. ALCs are proposed—loosely—defined agile NFRs. ACCs are proposed potential solutions (operationalizations) for ALCs. A lightweight adapted version of the NFR Framework was developed including 25 important NFRs selected out of 161 for this study. Further, an enhanced risk-driven agile requirements implementation sequence (NORPLAN) was developed and visualized as a tree-like view (NORVIEW). The NORMAP Methodology was validated through developing NORMATIC--a Java-based agile visual modeling simulation tool and two case studies. NORMATIC utilized Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools to parse requirement sentences and identify potential ALCs. The first case study utilized the Predictor Models in Software Engineering (PROMISE) dataset used in NFRs classification. NORMAP successfully parsed and classified ALCs for 529 out of 607 (87.15%) independent user requirements. The second case study utilized the European Union eProcurement System’s 26 functional requirements. NORMAP successfully parsed and classified ALCs for 50 out of 57 sentences that included possible ALCs (87.71%). Furthermore, requirements quality and project management metrics were used to calculate a risk-driven requirements implementation sequence using three priority schemes. Results showed that Riskiest-Requirements-First priority scheme planned requirements in 17 sprints--two months earlier than the Highest-Business-Value-First scheme (21 sprints) and one month earlier than the Riskiest-Requirements-Last scheme (19 sprints). Agile communities can potentially benefit from the NORMAP Methodology by utilizing a systematic and risk-driven lightweight engineering process to visually model and plan NFRs as first-class artifacts in agile environments.

The main theme of this thesis is an analysis, desing and construction of a planetary gearbox used for a drive of a vertical lathe table. The theoretical part of the thesis describes fundamental features and terms of planetary gearboxes and torque motors. In the next part of my work I design loose functioning of toothing. The calculation part of my work is processed in accordance with technical standards. The practical part of my work deals with a description of the project and the implementation of the device. The drawing documentation is processed with Cad system and it includes general assembly drawing and drawings of the three important components.

[pt] Muitos autores concordam que areias em estado fofo, sob carregamento não drenado crescente e granulometria favorável à liquefação, necessariamente liquefazem em algum momento. Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal avaliar se duas amostras de areia, com características muito distintas uma da outra, submetidas às mesmas condições descritas acima, entram em liquefação. A primeira amostra é uma areia limpa que foi extraída de um aterro hidráulico localizado em Camboinhas, Niterói, RJ, Brasil. A segunda é um rejeito arenoso de ferro extraído de uma barragem de rejeitos localizada em Mariana, MG, Brasil. As avalições foram feitas através de ensaios de compressão triaxial com deformação controlada. Avaliou-se o comportamento desses materiais em condições de baixa compacidade e sob diferentes tensões de confinamento, com a finalidade de observar se ocorreria a liquefação. Em caso de não ocorrência da liquefação, o objetivo era compreender os motivos de tal resposta e no caso de ocorrência, avaliar a influência da tensão de confinamento, assim como delimitar as zonas de instabilidade não drenada. Verificou-se que a areia de Camboinhas entrou em liquefação total apenas para tensões de confinamento baixas, e apresenta comportamento oposto ao comportamento normal de solos arenosos fofos, tendo baixa resistência à liquefação em baixa tensão de confinamento e alta resistência à liquefação em grandes tensões de confinamento. O rejeito arenoso de Mariana entrou em liquefação total em tensões de confinamento baixas e altas. O rejeito apresentou comportamento diferente da areia de Camboinhas e semelhante ao comportamento normalmente obtido em solos arenosos fofos sob condições não drenadas. / [en] Many authors agree that loose sands, under increasing undrained loading and liquefaction favorable granulometry, necessarily liquefy at some moment. This work has as main objective to evaluate if two sand specimens, with characteristics very different from each other, under the same conditions as described above, enter into liquefaction. The first specimen is a clean sand that was extracted from a hydraulic embankment located in Camboinhas, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. The second is a sandy tailing of iron extracted from a tailing dam located in Mariana, MG, Brazil. The evaluations were made through triaxial compression tests with controlled deformation. The behavior of these materials was evaluated under conditions of low compactness and under different confininig pressure, in order to observe if liquefaction would occur. In case of no liquefaction, the objective was understand the reasons for such response and in case of occurrence, evaluate the influence of the confining pressure, as well as mark the zones of instability undrained. It was verified that the Camboinhas sand entered in total liquefaction only for low confining pressure, and it has the opposite behavior to the normal behavior of loose granular soils, having low strength to liquefaction in low confining pressure and high strength to liquefaction in large confining pressure. The Mariana granular tailing also entered in total liquefaction for low and higth confinig pressure. The tailing showed different behavior of the Camboinhas sand and similar to the behavior normally obtained in loose granular soils under undrained conditions.