Exploramos aspectos da espacialidade nos videogames, aplicando o conceito de círculo mágico como abordado por Johan Huizinga, refletindo sobre a experiência da imersão e da observação externa. Empregamos, como objeto do pensamento, ferramentas provenientes da teoria dos games, geometria, semiótica, fenomenologia, psicologia, informática e pós-estruturalismo. Observamos a estrutura triádica na percepção do jogador alicerçada sobre três categorias espaciais: físico-tátil, imagético- narrativa e intencional. Levantamos informações relativas aos sistemas de objetos próprios dos jogos eletrônicos. Classificamos esquemas espaciais utilizados para a apresentação do espaço diegético na tela. Aplicamos o conceito de flow, criado por Csikszentmihalyi, para avaliar a imersão e o engajamento do jogador. Investigamos possíveis extrapolações do círculo mágico formado pelo jogar. Observamos modos de virtualização e atualização na interface dos games. Abstraímos o jogo como obra de metadesign, considerando modos de autoria pelo interator. Verificamos processos de embodiment através do agenciamento via avatar. Contemplamos aspectos topológicos de rede e estruturas labirínticas. Ponderamos sobre as possibilidades abertas pelo game thinking, como processos de ludificação e simulação. Por fim, divisamos as circunstâncias de transcendência do espaço do jogo por meio da alteridade e da expansão do círculo mágico. / We explored aspects of video game spatiality, using the magic circle concept, as approached by Johan Huizinga, pondering upon the experience of immersion and external observation. We applied, as object of thought, tools originated from the theory of gaming, geometry, semiotics, phenomenology, psychology, computing and post-structuralism. We observed the triadic structure of the player\'s perception based on three spatial categories: physical-tactile, imagery-narrative and intentional. We collected data related to the system of objects used in electronic games. We classified spatial diagrams utilized in the presentation of diegetic space on screen. We applied the flow concept, created by Csikszentmihalyi, to valuate immersion and engagement of players. We explored possible surpassing of the magic circle created by the act of playing. We observed modes of virtualization and updating of the gaming interfaces. We abstracted gaming as a work of metadesign, considering means of authorship by the interactor. We verify embodiment processes via avatar agency. We observed topological aspects of network and labyrinth structures. We pondered the possibilities opened by game thinking, like processes of gamification and simulation. Finally we glimpsed the circumstances of gaming space transcendence by the means of alterity and the expansion of the magic circle.

Videogame tinkerers, players, and activists of the 21st century are continuing, yet redefining, the avant-garde art and literary movements of the 20th century. Videogames are diverging as a social, cultural, and digital medium. They are used as political instruments, artistic experiments, social catalysts, and personal means of expression. A diverse field of games and technocultural play, such as alternate reality games, griefer attacks, arcade sculptures, and so on, can be compared and contrasted to the avant-garde, such as contemporary tactical media, net art, video art, Fluxus, the Situationists, the work of Pollock or Brecht, Dada, or the Russian Formalists. For example, historical avant-garde painters played with perspectival space (and its traditions), rather than only within those grid-like spaces. This is similar in some ways to how game artists play with flow (and player expectations of it), rather than advancing flow as the popular and academic ideal. Videogames are not only an advanced product of technoculture, but are the space in which technoculture conventionalizes play. This makes them a fascinating site to unwork and rethink the protocols and rituals that rule technoculture. It is the audacity of imagining certain videogames as avant-garde (from the perspective of mainstream consumers and art academics alike) that makes them a good candidate for this critical experiment.

Denna studie utgår från transpersoners och icke-binära personers erfarenheter av lajvande i Sverige under 2000-talet. Lajv är en typ av performance, liknande improviserad teater utan publik, där deltagarna gestaltar och förkroppsligar olika karaktärer, en roll eller alternativ identitet. Även om lajvs potential att förändra har tidigare studerats har ingen forskning gjorts om transpersoners erfarenheter av hur lajv och karaktärer har förändrat dem. Denna studie undersöker därför hur lajv och erfarenheter av att förkroppsliga karaktärer har påverkat hur de ser på sin könsidentitet och använder sig av könsuttryck i vardagen. I fokus står deltagarnas aha-upplevelser om sitt kön före, under, kring och efter lajv. Med intervjuer och queer fenomenologi visar studien att lajvande och karaktärer har hjälpt dem att hitta, utforska, testa och orientera sig mot nya könslinjer, könsidentiteter och könsuttryck samt gett dem verktyg att börja följa dessa könslinjer i vardagen. Studien visar även hur de har hindrats och hjälpts av andra lajvare, samt hur gränsen mellan lajv och vardag läcker och transformerar. Studiens resultat bidrar till en ökad kunskap om hur lajvande kan ha en förmåga att förändra och hur svenska lajvkulturen har utvecklats under 2000-talet. / This thesis concerns trans and non-binary persons’ experiences of live action role-playing (larp) in Sweden during the last 20 years. Larp is a form of performance, similar to improvised theater without any external audience, where the participants (larpers) play and embody characters. The characters are similar to theater characters, but are also a form of persona or alternative identity for the larpers. Although earlier research has shown that larp has a potential to transform and change larpers, little research has been done on transpersons’ experiences of how larping and characters have changed them. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse how larping and experiences of embodying characters have affected how they understand their own gendersex and use gendered expressions, clothes, and behaviors in everyday life. A central part of the analysis is the participants' feeling of wonder over their gendersex before, during, around, and after larping. By using interviews, queer phenomenology, and the concept of bleed, the study shows how larping and characters have helped them to find, explore, try, and orient themselves toward new gender lines, gendersexes and gendered expressions and also given them tools to help them following these new gender lines and embody their gendersex in everyday life. Furthermore, the study shows how they have been hindered and helped by other larpers, and how the borders between the larp worlds and the world of everyday life are porous and transformative. The findings of the study gives new insights of transpersons’ experiences of larping. Furthermore, the results deepen our knowledge of larping’s transformative potential, how role-playing can be used in identity processes, and how the Swedish larping community has evolved during the 21th century.

[pt] Os jogos de tabuleiro, também chamados de board games, são comumente associados a jogos como Banco Imobiliário, War, Jogo da Vida, entre outros. Contudo, nos últimos anos, a indústria mundial se diversificou e atualmente podese observar uma grande inovação nos títulos, além do crescente interesse do público por novos jogos analógicos. Em uma sociedade cada vez mais individualista e tecnológica, os board games proporcionam interações comunicacionais presenciais entre indivíduos, movimento reverso às relações virtuais. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa pretende abordar os jogos de tabuleiro em um contexto comunicacional e cultural, tendo como objetivo a compreensão do momento significativo (e repleto de significado) que o retorno do interesse por esse tipo de jogo pode vir a refletir. Para isso, analisamos o jogo de tabuleiro sob três dimensões: objeto (sob a ótica das teorias do consumo); atividade (a ideia de Círculo Mágico, a imersão do jogador e seu provável consumo de experiência) e mídia (a possibilidade da leitura dos jogos de tabuleiro como textos de mídia e sua ressonância cultural). Como metodologia, adotamos entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas e entrevistas quantitativas (aplicação de survey junto a um público praticante), além da revisão bibliográfica que percorreu obras de Paul Booth, Jesper Juul, Stewart Woods, Emmanoel Ferreira (na área dos Games Studies); Mary Douglas, Jean Baudrillard (na área do consumo); Cláudia Pereira, Tatiana Siciliano e Everardo Rocha (na ideia de consumo de experiência); e Jesús Martín-Barbero, Ana Carolina Escosteguy, Douglas Kellner (sob a ótica da mídia e dos Estudos Culturais), entre outros autores. / [en] Table games, also called board games, are commonly associated with games such as Monopoly, Risk, Game of Life, among others. However, in recent years, the world industry has diversified and today you can see a great innovation in titles, in addition to the growing public interest in new analogue games. In an increasingly individualistic and technological society, board games provide face-to-face communicational interactions between us, a reverse movement to virtual relationships. Thus, this research intends to approach board games in a communicational and cultural context, aiming to understand the significant moment (and full of meaning) that the return of interest in this type of game may reflect. For this, we analyze the board game under three dimensions: object (from the perspective of consumption theories); activity (the idea of the magic circle, the player s immersion and his probable consumption of experience) and media (the possibility of reading board games as media texts and their cultural resonance). As a methodology, we adopted semi-structured qualitative interviews and quantitative interviews (application of survey in a practicing public), in addition to the bibliographical review that covered the works of Paul Booth, Jesper Juul, Stewart Woods, Emmanoel Ferreira (in the area of Games Studies); Mary Douglas, Jean Baudrillard (in the area of consumption); Cláudia Pereira, Tatiana Siciliano and Everardo Rocha (in the idea of consumption of experience); and Jesús MartínBarbero, Ana Carolina Escosteguy, Douglas Kellner (from the perspective of the media and Cultural Studies), among other authors.