Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:33:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Andre_Samuel_ Strassburger.pdf: 610074 bytes, checksum: d49d0c008ca98a59bce76b821a581e6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-05 / The strawberry cultivar choice is an important factor for the success of the crop. The time crop, yield and quality of the fruits and resistance of diseases are important aspects to consider. In strawberry growing in organic crop system should consider too, that the modern cultivars currently available for the farmers were developed in breeding programs characterized by the use of conventional crop system. Therefore, the cultivars developed from these programs can obtain smaller growth, yield and fruit production in organic crop system. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the growth, dry mass partitioning and yield of strawberry cultivars in organic crop system. Thus, two trials were conducted. The objective of Trial 1 was to evaluate the border effect on growth of Albion, Aromas, Camarosa and Camino Real strawberry cultivars as well as the dynamics of these cultivars along the crop-season. The objective of Trial 2 was to evaluate the plant density effect (determined by row number per bed 2; 3 and 4, providing densities of 3.51; 5.26 and 7.02 plants m-2, respectively) on the growth of Aromas and Diamante strawberry cultivars. The trials were conducted in Embrapa Clima Temperado/Estação Experimental Cascata, Pelotas, RS. The plant setting was performed in 05/12/2008 (Trial 1) and 07/04/2008 (Trial 2). The randomized blocks experimental design was used with four replications. From the data of aboveground biomass production and leaf area, the dry mass production and partitioning among the different aboveground organs, as well as yield and others interesting index and rates of growth were determinate. The obtained results from Trial 1 indicated that there are no border effects for the Albion, Aromas, 10 Camarosa and Camino Real strawberry cultivars. In general form Camarosa presented the highest growth (dry mass production) of the shoot organs and fruits in relation to the others cultivars and together with Aromas , the highest fruit yield. However, Camarosa obtained highest early reproductive growth and consequently highest early yield. Accumulated dry mass production of the shoot, fruits and total aboveground plant, yield and leaf area index in Albion, Aromas, Camarosa and Camino Real cultivars increase continuously along the crop-season. The fruit dry mass represented from 2.2 to 13.4% at fruiting beginning until 49.5 to 60.6% at the end of crop-season of the total aboveground dry mass, which indicate that they are the strongest sinks for assimilates. The vegetative growth rate increase until the end of the crop, while that the fruits growth rate decrease after 184 days after setting. The relative growth rate decrease along the crop in all cultivars. The obtained results from the Trial 2 indicated that the grown of strawberry at 5.26 plants m-2 (triple row) provide a more appropriate plants biomass production and partitioning and yield of 30.4 Mg ha-1, which was higher than the yield of 3.51 plants m-2 (double row) and similar to 7.02 plants m-2 (quadruple row) yield. The Aromas and Diamante cultivars showed similar growth pattern and yield. / Um fator determinante para o sucesso de uma lavoura de morangueiro é a escolha da cultivar a ser utilizada. A duração do ciclo, a produtividade, a qualidade da fruta e a resistência às principais doenças são aspectos importantes a serem considerados. Em se tratando do cultivo orgânico do morangueiro deve-se considerar, ainda, que as cultivares modernas atualmente disponíveis ao agricultor foram desenvolvidas em programas de melhoramento genético caracterizados pela adoção de sistemas de produção convencional. Assim, as cultivares provenientes desses programas podem apresentar menores patamares de crescimento, produtividade e de qualidade das frutas em sistemas de cultivo orgânico. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o crescimento, a partição de massa seca e a produtividade de cultivares de morangueiro em sistema de cultivo orgânico. Para tanto, dois experimentos foram realizados. O Experimento 1 teve como objetivo estudar o efeito de bordadura sobre o crescimento das cultivares Albion, Aromas, Camarosa e Camino Real e a dinâmica de crescimento dessas cultivares ao longo do ciclo de cultivo. O Experimento 2 teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da densidade de cultivo (determinada pelo número de linhas por canteiro 2; 3 e 4 linhas, proporcionando densidades de 3,51; 5,26 e 7,02 plantas m-2) sobre as cultivares Diamante e Aromas. Os experimentos foram realizados na Embrapa Clima Temperado/Estação Experimental Cascata, Pelotas, RS. O transplante das mudas foi realizado em 12/05/2008 (Experimento 1) e 04/07/2008 (Experimento 2). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos 8 completos casualizados com quatro repetições. A partir dos dados de biomassa aérea e da área foliar, determinou-se a produção e a partição de massa seca dos diferentes órgãos aéreos das plantas, bem como a produtividade e os demais índices e taxas de crescimento de interesse. Os resultados obtidos no Experimento 1 permitem concluir que não existe efeito de bordadura para as cultivares Aromas, Albion, Camarosa e Camino Real. De maneira geral, a Camarosa apresenta maior crescimento (produção de massa seca) dos órgãos vegetativos aéreos e das frutas em relação às demais cultivares e juntamente com a Aromas , as maiores produtividades, sendo que a primeira apresenta maior crescimento reprodutivo precoce e, consequentemente, maior capacidade de produção precoce. A produção acumulada de massa seca da fração vegetativa, das frutas, do total da planta, a produtividade e o índice de área foliar nas cultivares Aromas, Albion, Camarosa e Camino Real elevam-se continuamente ao longo do ciclo de cultivo. A contribuição das frutas para a constituição do total da massa seca aérea das plantas varia de 2,2 a 13,4% no início da frutificação até 49,5 a 60,6% no final do cultivo o que indica que estas são os principais órgãos drenos das plantas. A taxa de crescimento da fração vegetativa cresce até o final do cultivo, enquanto que a taxa de crescimento das frutas decresce a partir de 184 dias após o transplante. A taxa de crescimento relativo é decrescente no decorrer do cultivo em todas as cultivares. Os resultados obtidos no Experimento 2 permitem concluir que o cultivo do morangueiro na densidade de 5,26 plantas m-2 (em linhas triplas) proporciona uma adequada produção e partição de biomassa das plantas para as cultivares Diamante e Aromas e produtividade de frutas de 30,4 Mg ha-1, valor superior à densidade de 3,51 plantas m-2 (linhas duplas) e semelhante ao da densidade de 7,02 plantas m-2 (linhas quádruplas). Ao final do ciclo de cultivo, as cultivares Diamante e Aromas apresentam padrões semelhantes de crescimento e de produtividade.

Im Rahmen des Exzellenzclusters MERGE an der TU Chemnitz erfolgt die Entwicklung eines kontinuierlichen großserientauglichen Verfahrens zur Herstellung komplexer geschlossener Strukturbauteile. Hierbei werden vorimprägnierte faserverstärkte thermoplastische Halbzeuge (thermoplastische Tapes) in einem Kombinationsverfahren aus thermoplastischen Tapelegen und Tapewickeln verarbeitet. Für dieses kontinuierliche Orbitalwickelverfahren wurde ein spezieller Technologiedemonstrator entwickelt mit dessen Hilfe Machbarkeitsstudien zur Erbringung des Funktionsnachweises durchgeführt werden. Die oben genannte Versuchsanlage ermöglicht die Erzeugung rotationssymmetrischer Profile, die zudem einen inkonstanten Querschnitt aufweisen können. Für die Anlagenkonzeptionierung wurde ein Beispielprofil eines Strukturbauteils ausgewählt und die Anlagendimensionierung durchgeführt. Basierend auf dem Entwurf werden zur Anlagendimensionierung die Parameter der Einzelantriebe mit Hilfe inverser Kinematik simulativ und analytisch abgeleitet und durch anschließende Simulation in CreoElements/Pro® vervollständigt. Die konstruktive Realisierung erfolgte mittels Solid Works. Die abschließende simulative Validierung wurde wiederum mittels CreoElements/Pro® durchgeführt. Diese Arbeiten entstanden im Rahmen des Bundesexzellenzclusters EXC 1075 "Technologiefusion für multifunktionale Leichtbaustrukturen" und wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft gefördert. Die Autoren danken für die finanzielle Unterstützung.

As of today, large unused potential for biogas production exist within the Swedish agriculture sector. The biogas production within this sector is, however, associated with several problems such as poor energy efficiency and non-profitable systems. This is to some degree due to lack of standardized technical solutions. International Micro BioGas AB (IMB AB) has been aided by KTH since 2014. This project investigates several innovations from IMB AB in regards to biogas production:  A mixing device  A building capturing waste heat from the digesters (building concept)  Insulation of the digester (cover concept)  Small-scale and modular package systems The innovations listed above are evaluated from energy, economic and environmental perspectives by doing a case study on the dairy farm Ogestad close to Gamleby, Sweden. Two cases are considered. In Case 1, the raw biogas is burned in a combined heat and power-unit (CHP) in order to produce electricity. In Case 2, raw biogas is upgraded in a small-scale upgrading unit to vehicle gas standards which is sold to the market. The results show that the mixing device is promising in terms of energy use. It is therefore recommended to move on with testing of the equipment. The cover concept and the building concept show similar performance from energy and environmental standpoints. The building concept is concluded not to be economically viable. The cost reduction by applying a modular concept where one product can be used on different sized farms is significant. However, the needed investment from the company is large. The goal of achieving a modular system is therefore concluded desirable. The subsidy from the Swedish board of agriculture covering 40 % of the investment cost, has a major impact on the profitability of the systems. Without this subsidy, the systems are not viable in terms of economy. In Sweden, the small-scale vehicle gas production (Case 2) was concluded the most profitable as well as the best-performing from energy and environmental standpoints. / Inom den svenska jordbrukssektorn finns stor potential för utvidgning av biogasproduktionen. Det finns dock många problem med småskalig biogasproduktion, exempelvis olönsamma och energimässigt ineffektiva system. International Micro BioGas AB (IMB AB) har identifierat att detta till viss del kan bero på bristfälliga tekniska lösningar. Detta då det inte finns någon standardisering av teknik på området. IMB AB har, i samarbete med KTH, sedan 2014 arbetat med olika aspekter av småskalig biogasproduktion. Detta arbete undersöker ett antal innovationer och koncept från IMB AB rörande biogassystem:  En ny metod för omrörning  En byggnad som återvinner värmen från rötkamrarna (byggnadskonceptet)  Ett nytt sätt att isolera rötkamrarna (huvkonceptet)  Småskaliga och modulära paketlösningar Innovationerna och koncepten ovan utvärderas från ett energitekniskt, ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv genom en fallstudie på mjölkgården Ogestad nära Gamleby i Sverige. Två användningsområden för biogasen analyseras. I Fall 1 (Case 1) bränns rågasen i en kraftvärmeanläggning för att producera elektricitet och värme. I Fall 2 (Case 2) uppgraderas rågasen till fordonsgaskvalitet som sedan säljs till marknaden. Resultaten visar att den nya omrörningsmetoden är lovande ur ett energiperspektiv och en rekommendation är att gå vidare med tekniken och göra experimentella studier. Byggnadskonceptet och huvkonceptet visade likvärdiga resultat ur energitekniskt och miljömässigt perspektiv. Byggnadskonceptet konstaterades vara ineffektivt ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Kostnadsreduceringen som uppnås genom att systemet är modulärt och därmed kan produceras i stor skala till olika gårdsstorlekar, är signifikant. Det krävs dock en stor investering från företagets sida. För samtliga fall är systemens lönsamhet starkt beroende av Jordbruksverkets subvention på 40 % av investeringskostnaden och utan den ökar företagets investeringsbehov drastiskt. Med svenska förutsättningar är småskalig produktion av fordonsgas det mest lönsamma samt mest fördelaktiga ur ett miljö- och energiperspektiv.

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Summaries and keywords in Afrikaans and English / Hierdie histories-argeologiese studie bied ‘n basiese beskrywing van die materiële kultuur van ‘n afgeleë Suider-Afrikaanse plaas wat tussen die 1880’s en die 1930’s bewoon is. Die studie berus op ‘n gedetailleerde ontleding van die opgegraafde vondste wat herwin is van ashope wat met drie wooneenhede op die plaas Welkomskraal, geleë in die distrik Venterstad in die Noordoos-Kaap, verbind word. Die artefakte is aan die hand van die naslaanversameling in die Bloemfonteinse Nasionale Museum en handelsadvertensies geïdentifiseer. Die materiële kultuur dek die volle spektrum van die alledaagse lewe van die plaasbewoners en word aangevul deur genealogiese data, wat aantoon dat die grondeienaars die nasate was van die eerste trekboere wat hulle in die gebied gevestig het. Die bewoningsperiode van Welkomskraal val saam met die tweede industriële revolusie, wat gekenmerk is deur die massaproduksie van goedere en ‘n toenemend globale handelsnetwerk. Die versameling lewer bewys dat boere in die verre binneland toegang tot ‘n wye reeks ingevoerde produkte gehad het, hoewel hulle nie noodwendig welvarend was nie. / This historical archaeological study provides a baseline description of the material culture of a remote southern African farm occupied between the 1880s and the 1930s. The study is based on a detailed analysis of the excavated finds recovered from middens associated with three homesteads, located on the farm Welkomskraal, in the Venterstad district of the north-eastern Cape. Artefacts were identified using the reference collection of the National Museum in Bloemfontein and commercial adverts. The material culture covers the full spectrum of the daily lives of the farm’s occupants and is complemented by genealogical data, which indicate that the landowners were the descendants of the first trekboers who settled in the area. The occupation of Welkomskraal coincided with the second industrial revolution, which was characterised by mass production of goods and an increasingly global trade network. The assemblage attests that farmers in the deep interior had access to a wide range of imported goods although they were not necessarily prosperous. / Anthropology & Archaeology / M.A. (Argeologie)

Summaries and keywords in Afrikaans and English / Hierdie histories-argeologiese studie bied ‘n basiese beskrywing van die materiële kultuur van ‘n afgeleë Suider-Afrikaanse plaas wat tussen die 1880’s en die 1930’s bewoon is. Die studie berus op ‘n gedetailleerde ontleding van die opgegraafde vondste wat herwin is van ashope wat met drie wooneenhede op die plaas Welkomskraal, geleë in die distrik Venterstad in die Noordoos-Kaap, verbind word. Die artefakte is aan die hand van die naslaanversameling in die Bloemfonteinse Nasionale Museum en handelsadvertensies geïdentifiseer. Die materiële kultuur dek die volle spektrum van die alledaagse lewe van die plaasbewoners en word aangevul deur genealogiese data, wat aantoon dat die grondeienaars die nasate was van die eerste trekboere wat hulle in die gebied gevestig het. Die bewoningsperiode van Welkomskraal val saam met die tweede industriële revolusie, wat gekenmerk is deur die massaproduksie van goedere en ‘n toenemend globale handelsnetwerk. Die versameling lewer bewys dat boere in die verre binneland toegang tot ‘n wye reeks ingevoerde produkte gehad het, hoewel hulle nie noodwendig welvarend was nie. / This historical archaeological study provides a baseline description of the material culture of a remote southern African farm occupied between the 1880s and the 1930s. The study is based on a detailed analysis of the excavated finds recovered from middens associated with three homesteads, located on the farm Welkomskraal, in the Venterstad district of the north-eastern Cape. Artefacts were identified using the reference collection of the National Museum in Bloemfontein and commercial adverts. The material culture covers the full spectrum of the daily lives of the farm’s occupants and is complemented by genealogical data, which indicate that the landowners were the descendants of the first trekboers who settled in the area. The occupation of Welkomskraal coincided with the second industrial revolution, which was characterised by mass production of goods and an increasingly global trade network. The assemblage attests that farmers in the deep interior had access to a wide range of imported goods although they were not necessarily prosperous. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Argeologie)

Die erste Chemnitzer Brennstoffzellenkonferenz wurde vom Innovationscluster HZwo und dem Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik IWU durchgeführt. Ausgewählte Fachbeiträge und Präsentationen werden in Form eines Tagungsbandes veröffentlicht. / The first fuel cell conference was initiated by the innovation cluster HZwo and the Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology. Selected lectures and presentations are published in the conference proceedings.

The most important moment of whole project is the change of the status. Creation of unique sarcophagus for an object of mass-production - one of many globally manufactured objects become a part of a unique, authentic object and authorship. Transformation of one of the mass-product to the skeleton of author's object. Mass-product gives dimensions to the original object - it is directing process of creation. By creating its own unique case the object of mass-production is finally closer to human scale: one piece of furniture vs. one carpenter.

This master´s thesis describes the production process in Japanese enterprise Daikin Device Czech Republic s.r.o. with emphasis on the production schedule, equipment and manufacturing system with elements of lean production. According to the production process analysis at the given production line a new solution of the production process has been suggested to increase production efficiency. This conception has been implemented and compared to the production process before, as well as to the assumed production process after increasing the efficiency.