Im Rahmen des Exzellenzclusters MERGE an der TU Chemnitz erfolgt die Entwicklung eines kontinuierlichen großserientauglichen Verfahrens zur Herstellung komplexer geschlossener Strukturbauteile. Hierbei werden vorimprägnierte faserverstärkte thermoplastische Halbzeuge (thermoplastische Tapes) in einem Kombinationsverfahren aus thermoplastischen Tapelegen und Tapewickeln verarbeitet. Für dieses kontinuierliche Orbitalwickelverfahren wurde ein spezieller Technologiedemonstrator entwickelt mit dessen Hilfe Machbarkeitsstudien zur Erbringung des Funktionsnachweises durchgeführt werden. Die oben genannte Versuchsanlage ermöglicht die Erzeugung rotationssymmetrischer Profile, die zudem einen inkonstanten Querschnitt aufweisen können. Für die Anlagenkonzeptionierung wurde ein Beispielprofil eines Strukturbauteils ausgewählt und die Anlagendimensionierung durchgeführt. Basierend auf dem Entwurf werden zur Anlagendimensionierung die Parameter der Einzelantriebe mit Hilfe inverser Kinematik simulativ und analytisch abgeleitet und durch anschließende Simulation in CreoElements/Pro® vervollständigt. Die konstruktive Realisierung erfolgte mittels Solid Works. Die abschließende simulative Validierung wurde wiederum mittels CreoElements/Pro® durchgeführt. Diese Arbeiten entstanden im Rahmen des Bundesexzellenzclusters EXC 1075 "Technologiefusion für multifunktionale Leichtbaustrukturen" und wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft gefördert. Die Autoren danken für die finanzielle Unterstützung.

Advancing the field of nanotechnology to incorporate the unique properties observed at the nanoscale into functional devices has become a major scientific thrust of the 21st century. New fabrication tools and assembly techniques are required to design and manufacture devices based on one-dimensional nanostructures. Three techniques for manipulating nanomaterials post-synthesis have been developed. Two of them involve direct contact manipulation through the utilization of a physical probe. The third uses optically generated surface acoustic waves to reproducibly control and assemble one-dimensional nanostructures into desired locations. The nature of the third technique is non-contact and limits contamination and defects from being introduced into a device by manipulation. While the effective manipulation of individual nanostructures into device components is important for building functional nanosystems, commercialization is limited by this one-device-at-a-time process. A new approach to nanostructure synthesis was also developed to site-specifically nucleate and grow nanowires between two electrodes. Integrating synthesis directly with prefabricated device architectures leads to the possible mass production of NEMS, MEMS and CMOS systems based upon one-dimensional nanomaterials. The above processes have been pursued to utilize piezoelectric ZnO nanobelts for applications in high frequency electronic filtering as well as biological and chemical sensing. The high quality, single crystal, faceted nature of these materials make them ideal candidates for studying their properties through the designs of a bulk acoustic resonator. The first ever piezoelectric bulk acoustic resonator based on bottom-up synthesized belts will be demonstrated. Initial results are promising and new designs are implemented to scale the device to sub-micron dimensions. Multiple models will be developed to assist with design and testing. Some of models presented will help verify experimental results while others will demonstrate some of the problems plaguing further investigations.

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Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-21T14:55:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SAUL RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGHT - 2017.pdf: 1048451 bytes, checksum: b2812626d0423632bee874177b20ee40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-21T14:55:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SAUL RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGHT - 2017.pdf: 1048451 bytes, checksum: b2812626d0423632bee874177b20ee40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Um dos fatores que mais contribuem para o encarecimento da produção do meloeiro é o custo com fertilizantes. Assim, para a otimização das doses a serem aplicadas visando a máxima produtividade econômica, faz-se necessário conhecer as demandas nutricionais da cultura, bem como as quantidades exigidas dos nutrientes em fases fenológicas chaves. No presente trabalho objetivou-se determinar a marcha de acumulação de macro e de micronutrientes e o balanço nutricional do meloeiro cultivado sob fertirrigação. O experimento foi realizado em área pertencente à Empresa Ecofértil Agropecuária LTDA localizada no município de Aracati (CE). O experimento foi instalado em delineamento de blocos casualizados com 9 tratamentos, correspondentes a 9 períodos de avaliação 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70 dias após transplantio (DAT) com quatro repetições. A parcela útil para fins de coleta foi constituída de 8 plantas tornando-se as quatro centrais de cada fileira. Em intervalos de sete em sete dias, as plantas foram coletadas e separadas em folha, caule, fruto e semente para fins da determinação de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, B, Zn e Cu, para a quantificação dos totais acumulados destes nutrientes. Na ocasião da coleta de planta, uma amostra de solo foi coletada em cada parcela para a determinação dos nutrientes. De acordo com os resultados, o acúmulo de massa seca nas partes reprodutivas foi maior que nas partes vegetativas, sendo os frutos os órgãos de maior acúmulo de massa seca. Já a marcha de acúmulo de nutrientes seguiu a seguinte ordem: K>Ca>N>Mg>P>S>Fe>Cu>B>Zn>Mn. Os valores do balanço nutricional foram negativos para o potássio, nitrogênio e cobre, sendo recomendado ajuste na fertirrigação em relação a esses nutrientes. / One of the factors that contribute the most to the increase in melon production is the cost of fertilizers. Thus, to optimize the doses to be applied aiming at maximum economic productivity, it is necessary to know the nutritional demands of the crop, as well as the required quantities of the nutrients in key phenological phases. The objective of this study was to determine the progression of macro and micronutrients accumulation and the nutritional balance of the melon cultivated under fertirrigation. The experiment was carried out in an area belonging to the Company Ecofértil Agropecuária Ltda located in the city of Aracati (CE). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with 9 treatments, corresponding to 9 evaluation periods 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70 days after transplanting (DAT) with four replications. The useful part for the purpose of collection was constituted of 8 plants becoming the four centers of each row. At intervals of seven days, the plants were collected and separated into leaf, stem, fruit and seed for the determination of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, B, Zn and Cu, for The quantification of accumulated totals of these nutrients. At the time of plant collection, a soil sample was collected in each plot to determine the nutrients. According to the results, the accumulation of dry mass in the reproductive parts was higher than in the vegetative parts, the fruits being the organs with the highest accumulation of dry mass. However, the nutrient accumulation progressed in the following order: K> Ca> N> Mg> P> S> Fe> Cu> B> Zn> Mn. The values of the nutritional balance were negative for potassium, nitrogen and copper, being recommended adjustment in fertirrigation in relation to these nutrients.

Este trabalho aborda a relação do móvel seriado e componível, para fins residenciais no Brasil, com as novas habitações destinadas à população de baixa renda. O enfoque do estudo centra-se na pesquisa dos principais aspectos dos processos atuais do mobiliário no tocante a sua produção, comercialização, montagem e uso, junto às figuras intervenientes - o usuário, o fabricante, o comerciante e o montador. Seus resultados são confrontados com o padrão das moradias produzidas atualmente para esta classe social, cujo modelo referencial majoritário é refletido pelas habitações geradas pelo programa \'Minha Casa Minha Vida\' do governo federal, na busca de proposições e recomendações, no âmbito do mobiliário, que melhor integrem ambos os sistemas. / This work brings into focus the relationship between the mass production of modular furniture for residential purposes in Brazil and new housing programs for the low income class. The core of the study emphasizes the research of the main aspects of the current furniture processes regarding its production, marketing, assembly and use, with the agents of the chain - the costumer, the manufacturer, the dealer and the assembler. The results are compared with the standard of houses currently produced for that social class, which major reference model is the houses of the program \"My Home My Life\" (\"Minha Casa Minha Vida) sponsored by the federal government, aiming to search proposals and recommendations, under the furniture scope, which can better integrate both systems - furniture and housing industries.

Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B is a cosmopolitan, devastating insect pest due to their direct damages and transmission of plant viruses. Entomopathogenic fungi comprise the most diverse group of pathogens regulating arthropod pest populations in agroecosystems. Anamorphic fungal entomopathogens, including Beauveria bassiana, Isaria fumosorosea, and Lecanicillium spp., are among the main biocontrol agents of whitefly populations. Advances in research focusing on virulence, mass production, formulation, and storage stability of fungal propagules are imperative for the development of efficient mycopesticides toward whiteflies and other soft-bodied insects. Therefore, this study placed emphasis on screening for virulent fungal strains, enhancement of efficacy using nonionic surfactants in spray tank-mix, development of liquid culture conditions for rapid production and stabilization processes of single-yeast like cells known as blastospores. Firstly, we selected virulent strains of B. bassiana and I. fumosorosea displaying fastest speed of kill and inciting highest mortality levels of whitefly nymphs and adults along with their ability to produce high numbers of conidia on moistened parboiled rice. Secondly, insecticidal performance was enhanced by combining nonionic surfactants with spore suspensions rendering additive or synergistic effects. These surfactants also allowed reducing the volume application rate without altering fungal bioefficacy. Results from liquid fermentation studies using B. bassiana and I. fumosorosea revealed that appropriate amounts of inexpensive ingredients, such as cottonseed flour and glucose, are suitable for the rapid production of high yields of blastospores (3 days pre-culture and 2-3 days culture). The resultant blastospores of various strains survived well to desiccation and remained viable for more than one year under refrigeration. Moreover, these air-dried blastospores of both fungal species showed higher virulence against whitefly nymphs when compared with solid-substrate produced conidia. Optimized liquid culture production for B. bassiana blastospores was also achieved through the manipulation of oxygen rates and osmotic pressure in the liquid media. Furthermore, these blastospores produced in highly aerated and hyperosmotic liquid medium containing 140 g glucose L-1 were also more virulent to whitefly nymphs than those cells derived from low-osmotic medium amended with 40 g glucose L-1. These optimal conditions were also scaled up in 5-L bioreactor that yielded 1-2 × 1012 viable blastospores L-1 in 6 days at a cost of US$ 0.19 L-1. These blastospores were formulated with diatomaceous earth for air drying or for spray drying. Formulated blastospores of B. bassiana survived dehydration using both drying methods and showed improved shelf life when stored under vacuumpackaged at 4 °C rather than 28 °C. However, when these blastospores were actively packaged with dual action oxygen-moisture scavenging system, blastospores showed prolonged stability for up to 7 months at 28 °C and still remained virulent to whiteflies. Therefore, this low-cost production and stabilization method for the rapid production of shelf stable, virulent blastospores of B. bassiana and I. fumosorosea may expand the commercial use of mycopesticides for insect control in mainstream agriculture. / A mosca-branca, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biótipo B, é uma praga cosmopolita e devastadora devido aos prejuízos oriundos dos seus danos diretos e transmissão de vírus. Fungos entomopatogênicos compreendem um grupo diversificado, que desempenha ação importante na regulação de populações de praga em agroecossistemas. Fungos ascomicetos anamórficos, como Beauveria bassiana, Isaria fumosorosea e Lecanicillium spp., constituem relevantes agentes de biocontrole de moscas-brancas. Avanços na pesquisa focando virulência, produção massal, formulação e estabilização de propágulos fúngicos são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de micopesticidas eficientes contra moscas-brancas e outros insetos. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou selecionar isolados fúngicos virulentos à mosca-branca; aumentar a eficácia mediante uso de surfactants não-iônicos em suspensões conidiais; desenvolver meios de cultura para produção rápida e estável por fermentação líquida submersa de células leveduriformes conhecidas por blastosporos. Na primeira etapa, isolados virulentos de B. bassiana e I. fumosorosea foram selecionados pela rápida e elevada atividade inseticida a ninfas e adultos de mosca-branca, bem como alto rendimento de conídios em arroz parboilizado. A adição de surfactantes organosiliconados permitiu a redução do volume de calda aplicado com resultados aditivos ou sinérgicos de controle. Foi ainda verificado que altos rendimentos de blastosporos tanto de B. bassiana como I. fumosorosea foram obtidos em curto tempo de fermentação líquida (3 dias de précultivo e 2-3 dias de cultivo) usando nutrientes de baixo custo, como glucose e farelo de algodão. Esses blastosporos foram tolerantes à dessecação e mantiveram viabilidade por mais de um ano sob refrigeração (4 °C). Os blastosporos foram mais virulentos que conídios aéreos, o que coloca esta estrutura como a mais indicada como ingrediente ativo em bioinseticidas para moscas-brancas. Mediante manipulação nutricional e física do ambiente de fermentação, a produção de blastosporos de B. bassiana foi optimizada mediante aumento da aeração e pressão osmótica do meio líquido. Blastosporos produzidos em meio líquido altamente aerado e hiperosmótico (140 g glucose L-1) mostraram-se mais virulentos à mosca-branca em relação àqueles produzidos em meio hipo-osmótico (40 g glucose L-1). Esse processo foi reproduzido em escala piloto usando biorreator de 5 L resultando numa produção de 1-2 × 1012 blastosporos viáveis L-1 em apenas 3 dias a um custo de US$ 0,19 L-1. Blastosporos de B. bassiana formulados com terra de diatomáceas e secados em fluxo de ar contínuo, ou secados em spray dryer tiveram estabilidade extendida por até 8 meses a 4 °C e superior em relação a 28 °C. Durante empacotamento, o uso de sachês absorventes de oxigênio e umidade prolongou consideravelmente a viabilidade de blastosporos armazenados a 28 °C por até 7 meses sem afetar sua eficiência contra mosca-branca. Em suma, esses resultados demonstram a viabilidade técnica e econômica de produção de blastosporos virulentos de B. bassiana e I. fumosorosea, tolerantes à dessecação e estáveis durante armazenamento. Esta tecnologia é uma nova opção que pode contribuir para expansão comercial de bioinseticidas à base de fungos entomopatogênicos.

Dans cette thèse, nous abordons le problème de la planification de la production dans un système de type flow-shop, en tenant compte de l’aspect énergétique. Le système de production est composé de différentes machines fiables, séparées par des zones de stockage à capacité infinie. L’horizon de planification est composé de différentes périodes, chacune étant caractérisée par une durée, un coût d’électricité, une puissance maximale et des demandes de chaque produit. L’objectif consiste en la minimisation du coût total de production en terme d’électricité, stockage, mise marche (ou changement de série) et puissance demandée par période. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons une modélisation pour le problème de lot-sizing dans un système de type flow-shop, à capacité finie, dans le cas mono-produit. Étant donné que ce type de problème est NP-difficile, des méthodes approchées ont été développées afin de fournir des solutions de bonne qualité dans un temps réduit (heuristiques dédiées, heuristique de type Fix and Relax, algorithme génétique). Dans un deuxième temps, une généralisation du modèle pour le cas multi-produits a été considérée. De même, des méthodes approchées ont été proposées pour la résolution de ce type de problème / In this thesis, we deal with the production planning problem in a flow-shop system with energy consideration. The manufacturing system is composed of reliable machines separated by buffers with infinite capacities. The planning horizon is defined by a set of periods where each one is characterized by a length, an electricity price, a maximal allowed power and an external demand of each product. The purpose is to minimize the total production cost composed of electricity, inventory, set-up (or product series change) costs and a required power per period.In the first step, we propose mathematical models for a single item capacitated lot-sizing problem in a flow-shop system. Since this problem is known to be NP-hard, approximating methods are developed in order to provide solutions with good quality in a reasonable time (dedicated heuristics, Fix and Relax heuristic, genetic algorithm).In the second step, a generalization of the model for multi-items is considered. Similarly to the first case, approximating methods are proposed to solve this problem

It is globally recognized the group of advantages and differential competitive generated by the adoption of the work methodology developed by Toyota, and denominated, in the occident, Lean Thinking. The group of tools that composes this methodology is applied broadly and it has vast bibliography proving its effectiveness in the great organizations, especially in the automobile industry, however its applicability in small organizations, manufacturer or not, with continuous flows or intermittent it should be equally productive, although it is still more lacking of studies. The case study presented in this work focuses planning aspects, implementation, control and measure of the acting attributed to the Lean Thinking in an industry global leader in technology of control of movements. It possesses dozens of production cells in the studied unit, it operates at a market of great competitiveness, sazonalidade and of constant technological evolution, demanding a combination of abilities to have flexibility, speed, reliability, quality and good costs. It is made an evaluation of the program of implantation of the methodology Lean and their results, confronting them with some available studies in the world literature. The analysis of the methodology used by the company in the implantation of its program offers as a model proposal for implantations in similar environment. / É mundialmente reconhecido o conjunto de vantagens e diferenciais competitivos gerados pela adoção da metodologia de trabalho desenvolvida pela Toyota, e denominada, no ocidente, Mentalidade Enxuta. O conjunto de ferramentas que compõe esta metodologia é largamente aplicado e dispõe de vasta bibliografia comprovando sua eficácia nas grandes organizações, notadamente nas automobilísticas, porém sua aplicabilidade em pequenas organizações, manufatureiras ou não, de fluxos contínuos ou intermitentes deve ser igualmente produtiva, embora ainda seja mais carente de estudos. O estudo de caso apresentado neste trabalho enfoca aspectos de planejamento, implementação, monitoramento e medida do desempenho atribuídos à Mentalidade Enxuta em uma indústria líder global em tecnologia de controle de movimentos. Possui dezenas de células de produção na unidade estudada, opera em um mercado de grande competitividade, sazonalidade e de constante evolução tecnológica, exigindo uma combinação de habilidades para se ter flexibilidade, rapidez, confiabilidade, qualidade e bons custos. É feita uma avaliação do programa de implantação da metodologia Lean e seus resultados, confrontando-os com alguns estudos disponíveis na literatura mundial. A análise da metodologia utilizada pela empresa na implantação de seu programa oferece-se como uma proposta de modelo para implantações em ambientes similares.

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Panoramic Sham is sunset and sunrise, a walk through a field of wildflowers or a day in the forest. It is that moment when a light breeze tousles your hair and chirping birds reaffirm vitality. Panoramic Sham is also a heap of outdated home goods that once transformed our living rooms into artificial habitats. I reimagine decommissioned domestic goods as a way to confront trends of mass-production, habits of consumption and to explore systems of artifice, authenticity, and the consumer haze perpetuated by contemporary American society. Comprised of synthetic materials and manufactured to impersonate nature, these 20th century cast-offs provide an abundant cycle of cultural and generational refuse.