Procurou-se, com esse estudo, documentar a cultura material e práticas escolares produzidas no entorno da montagem das edições do Festival de Artes Literárias (FAL) de Palmeiras, BA, 2007-2013. Na pesquisa, foram produzidas 5 entrevistas com professores e 4 com alunos, a recolha e organização de materiais didáticos e artísticos confeccionados para o Festival. Objetivou-se a identificação de fontes para a história das práticas escolares e consequentemente a valorização do patrimônio histórico-educacional. Almejou-se também investigar a origem do Festival por meio do estudo da cultura escolar (como reinvenção constante) e o problema crônico da desvalorização da memória. Assim, neste estudo discute-se a relevância da criação de arquivos escolares e da preservação da memória de modalidades de cultura escolar, a partir de algumas questões que o mobilizaram: O que é o Festival, como se originou? Quais as fases pelas quais ele passou? O que pensam os atores envolvidos nele? Quais materiais escolares foram produzidos? Quais relações foram estabelecidas entre professores e alunos e entre a escola e comunidade? O referencial teórico fundamenta-se em estudos sobre memória, cultura escolar e patrimônio histórico-educativo. O estudo permitiu compreender que o FAL, além de ser um projeto de estimulo à leitura literária e às artes, assume outras funções, pois são momentos privilegiados para a produção de saberes e construção de identidades de professores e alunos. / It was with this study, documenting the material culture and school practices produced around fitting the editions of Literary Arts Festival (FAL), Palmeiras, BA, 2007-2013. In the survey, were produced 5 interviews with teachers and 4 with students, the collection and organization of educational and artistic materials prepared for the Festival. This study have the objectives the identification of sources for the history of school practices and consequently to value of educational heritage. It holp also it is investigating the origin of the Festival through the school culture (such as constant reinvention) and the chronic problem of the devaluation of the memory. Thus, in this study discusses the relevance of the creation of archives and the preservation of memory of school culture, from some issues that mobilized: what is the Festival, how did it originate? What are the stages through which he passed? What they think the actors involved in it? Which school materials were produced? What relationships were established between teachers and students and between the school and community? The theoretical framework is based on studies on memory, school culture and historical heritage-educational. The study allowed to understand that the FAL, apart from being a project to encourage literary reading and arts, it takes on other roles because they are privileged moments for the production of knowledge and construction of identities of teachers and students.

Orientador: Laymert Garcia dos Santos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T17:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kasper_ChristianPierre_D.pdf: 30366521 bytes, checksum: 7997711a0ede887c60e7b62fbdbd310c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta tese apresenta um estudo da cultura material de moradores de rua na cidade de São Paulo sob uma dupla perspectiva: do habitar, enquanto modo de ocupação do espaço, criação de territórios e de uma tecnologia como forma ativa de relação com o meio urbano, caracterizada como bricolagem. O ponto de vista adotado encara os modos de existência dos moradores de rua como formas de vida possíveis, e não em termos de carência, remetida a uma suposta normalidade. Tomando o estado de constante exposição de si como traço distintivo da condição de quem mora nas ruas, seu enfoque está nas táticas mobilizadas para tornar a rua habitável, táticas que envolvem o questionamento prático das funcionalidades estabelecidas, tanto dos locais públicos ocupados quanto dos materiais descartados encontrados nas ruas da cidade / Abstract: This thesis presents a study of the material culture of homeless people in the city of São Paulo, following a double perspective: of dwelling, as a mode of space occupation and creation of territories, and of a technology, as an active form of relation to the urban milieu, characterized as bricolage. The point of view adopted contemplates the modes of existence of the street dwellers as possible forms of life, and not in terms of lack, refered to a supposed normality. Taking the state of constant self-exposure as the distinctive trait of the homeless condition, it focus on the tactics mobilized to make the street inhabitable, tactics which envolve the practical questioning of the functionality of both the occupied public places and the descarted materials found in the city¿s streets / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Orientador: Leila Mezan Algranti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T04:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Augusto_IsabelTeresaCreao_M.pdf: 1259614 bytes, checksum: aa66606d69949fa98e10919841e8e64f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender a vida cotidiana nos domicílios do termo da cidade de Belém, entre os anos de 1808 e 1830. Nossa investigação percoreu tanto a composição humana como material desses espaços, revelando estratégias para a manutenção e o incremento das condições de vida. Para o sucesso destas estratégias, as redes de sociabilidades cumpriam papel importante, suprindo necessidades materiais ou legitimando pedidos e requerimentos junto à Justiça. Em uma sociedade onde as vidas materiais e sociais estavam interrelacionadas, era importante que os interesses entre indivíduos entrassem em acordo, para que as relações se mantivessem estáveis. Contudo, por vezes as diferenças de interesses poderiam gerar conflitos e a necessidade do rearranjo dessas relações / Abstract: The objective of this work is to understand the daily life in the domiciles of Belém, between the years of 1808 and 1830. Our inquiry includes the human and material composition of these spaces, disclosing strategies for the maintenance and the increment of the daily life conditions. For the success of these strategies, the relationships fulfilled an important paper, satisfying material necessities or legitimizing petitions next to Justice. In a society where material and social lives were interrelated, it was important that the interests between individuals entered in agreement, so that relations kept steady. However, for times the differences of interests would generate conflicts and then, rearrangements were necessary in order to keep the relations flowing / Mestrado / Historia Cultural / Mestre em História

O presente estudo tem como objetivo central o estabelecimento de um quadro referencial que possa contribuir para uma metodologia para gestão de acervos museológicos de uma tipologia específica aqui determinada - os utensílios domésticos industrializados e pré-elétricos. Compreendemos que a relevância desta tipologia de objetos está no papel que exerceu no processo de modernização e racionalização do espaço doméstico que culminará na eletrificação das residências ao longo do século XX. Sendo assim, traçamos aqui um panorama dos ciclos de vida destes produtos em seu contexto original de fabricação e consumo - através da investigação da publicidade que circulava em São Paulo na virada para o século XX - e sua posterior incorporação a instituições museológicas. Tendo como hipótese que a incorporação destes utensílios a acervos de museus históricos configure uma tendência relacionada às mudanças conceituais e metodológicas que ocorrem nos campos da História e da Museologia ao longo da segunda metade do século XX, nos debruçamos sobre coleções do Museu Paulista e do Museu da Casa Brasileira, propondo uma análise da historicidade destas coleções, assim como dos parâmetros curatoriais a eles empregados, buscando então elencar as possibilidades de desenvolvimento e pesquisa dentro dos processos de curadoria desta tipologia de objetos em museus com vocação histórica. / The present study is aimed at building a referential framework that may contribute to the establishment of collections management methodologies concerning a specific category of objects - pre-electrical household utensils and appliances of industrial manufacture. The relevance of such objects lies in the role they played in a process of modernization and rationalization of the household which would culminate in the spread of electrical power for residential use throughout the 20th century. Thus, we present an outlook of the life cycles these products took part in, whether in the context of their production and mass consumption in the turn-of-the-century São Paulo - for which we investigate the advertisements published in this period - whether in the context of their posterior accessioning by museums. On the assumption that the acquisition of such objects by History museums reveals a trend linked to conceptual and methodological transformations that guide the fields of History and Museum Studies throughout the second half of the 20th century, we look into the collections of Museu Paulista and Museu da Casa Brasileira, analysing the history of these collections as well as the curatorial process they were subject to, aiming at the possibilities for research and development of this category of objects within the curatorial process of History museums.

Abstract This work focuses on the Stone Age of north-eastern Europe between 5500 and 1800 calBC. Called the Neolithic in Finland and the Neolithic and Eneolithic in north-western Russia, the period and its research are characterized both by the encounters and separations between ‘the East’ and ‘the West’. Still, despite more than 100 years of archaeological research, few inter-regional studies exist. This dissertation aims to provide an overview of the basic concepts of the terminology and periodization and outline a general (absolute) chronological framework of the area. In addition, a historical research review of the present state of affairs is provided. Four case studies aspire to illustrate the varying (east–west-directed) contact networks that existed in the area during the Neolithic. The second central topic of this work is the Neolithic itself. The research area is located on the border of two major traditions defining the period either based on the appearance of productive livelihoods (west) or pottery technology (east). However, the purely Eurocentric and techno-economical views of the Neolithic have been recently challenged. An evaluation of the used terms and criteria are presented here in the context of north-eastern Europe. The Finnish-Russian border and national prehistories have affected and still affect the study of prehistory in north-eastern Europe. They have prevented studying many prehistoric phenomena to their full extent and have restricted the understanding of inter-regional interaction — during much of the Neolithic, the research area was not the last outpost of the western world but rather the north-western part of a vast Eurasian contact zone. The traditional definitions of the Neolithic have placed north-eastern Europe in an anomalous and peripheral position, but understanding the development as genuinely varying and multipolar would facilitate a more holistic and value-free examination of the period. / Tiivistelmä Koillis-Euroopan kivikautta aikavälillä 5500–1800 eKr. kutsutaan Suomessa neoliittiseksi, mutta Luoteis-Venäjällä se jaetaan neoliittiseen ja eneoliittiseen kauteen. Ajanjaksoa ja sen tutkimusta luonnehtivatkin ‘idän’ ja ‘lännen’ kohtaamiset ja erot. Huolimatta yli sadan vuoden tutkimushistoriasta on molempien alueiden aineistoja yhdisteleviä esityksiä olemassa vain niukasti. Tämän väitöskirjatyön tavoitteena on tarjota katsaus terminologian ja periodisaation keskeisiin käsitteisiin sekä hahmotella yleistä (absoluuttista) kronologiaa tutkimusalueella. Lisäksi työ esittelee nykytilanteen tutkimushistoriallisen taustan. Työhön kuuluu neljä tapaustutkimusta, joissa käsitellään Koillis-Euroopassa neoliittisella kivikaudella esiintyneitä (itä–länsi-suuntaisia) yhteysverkostoja. Työn toinen keskeinen teema on neoliittisen kivikauden käsite. Tutkimusalue sijaitsee kahden tutkimustradition rajalla, joista läntinen määrittelee aikakauden tuottavien elinkeinojen, itäinen keramiikan käyttöönoton perusteella. Puhtaasti Eurooppa-keskeinen ja teknologis-taloudellinen kuva neoliittisesta kivikaudesta on kuitenkin äskettäin kyseenalaistettu. Työssä esitellään yleistä terminologiaa ja pohditaan määritelmien käyttökelpoisuutta Koillis-Euroopassa. Suomen ja Venäjän välinen raja ja kansallinen esihistoriankirjoitus ovat vaikuttaneet merkittävästi kuvaan menneisyydestä. Ne ovat rajoittaneet ilmiöiden tutkimista niiden koko laajuudessa ja hämärtäneet alueiden välisiä yhteyksiä — suuren osan kivikautta tutkimusalue oli pohjoisella havumetsävyöhykkeellä vallinneiden verkostojen luoteisin osa, ei niinkään lännen viimeinen etuvartioasema. Perinteiset neoliittisen kivikauden määrittelykriteerit ovat asettaneet Koillis-Euroopan poikkeavaan ja perifeeriseen asemaan, mutta kehityksen ymmärtäminen aidosti varioivana ja moninapaisena mahdollistaisi periodin kokonaisvaltaisen ja ennakkoasenteista vapaan käsittelyn myös tällä alueella. / Аннотация Работа посвящена каменному веку северо-восточной Европы от 5500 до 1800 лет до н.э. Этот временной промежуток соответствует периоду неолита по финской периодизации, или периодам неолита и энеолита для древностей Северо-Запада России. Для рассматриваемого периода характерны как сходства, так и различия в археологическом материале между западной и восточной частями региона, и, так же, наличие и сходств, и различий между «западной» и «восточной» научными школами в понимании этого периода и в подходах к его исследованию. Несмотря на более чем 100-летнюю историю археологических исследований, лишь в нескольких работах данная проблематика рассматривается на межрегиональном уровне. В диссертации представлен обзор основных существующих понятий и хронологических схем, очерчены общие (абсолютные) хронологические рамки периода неолита рассматриваемой территории. Кроме того, рассмотрена история формирования современного состояния изучаемого вопроса. На примере четырёх конкретных исследований проиллюстрированы варианты систем коммуникаций (между востоком и западом), существовавших на рассматриваемой территории в неолите. Другая основная тема исследования — неолит как таковой. Изучаемая территория является пограничной для двух основных научных традиций определения неолита, использующих в качестве главного критерия либо появление производящего хозяйства («западная школа»), либо распространение технологии изготовления глиняной посуды («восточная школа»). Однако в последнее время наметилась ревизия евроцентричных и исключительно технологических и экономических подходов к пониманию неолита. В работе приведён критический анализ понятий и терминов, используемых в исследованиях по северо-востоку Европы. Финляндско-российская граница и различия между национальными концепциями доистории оказывали и продолжают оказывать влияние на изучение доистории северо-восточной Европы. Они ограничивают исследование многих явлений доисторического прошлого во всей их полноте, в том числе процессы межрегионального взаимодействия. Ведь в действительности на протяжении большей части периода неолита рассматриваемая территория являлась не крайним аванпостом западного мира, а, скорее, северо-западной частью обширной зоны евразийских контактов. При традиционном понимании неолитической эпохи северо-восток Европы оказывается периферийной территорией с отличным от «нормального» ходом культурного развития. Однако понимание развития как действительно вариативного и полицентричного процесса способствует более целостному и непредвзятому изучению рассматриваемого периода. (Translation: D.V. Gerasimov)

'The Fabric of Life: Linen and Life Cycle in England, 1678-1810' is structured around the human life cycle to draw out the social and cultural importance of linen for all ranks of society. Human and object life cycles are juxtaposed in the thesis to analyse co-dependent activities and processes rather than focusing on one facet of daily life. For thousands of years flax was a staple fibre, used for textile production in many parts of the globe. Cotton only overtook linen as the most popular textile in England at home and on the body during the nineteenth century. This thesis examines the preceding century to reveal why linen remained a daily necessity in England between 1678 and 1810, a period which encompassed a series of significant changes in the production, trade and use of linen. Linen was ubiquitous as underwear, sheets, table linens and for logistical purposes therefore it provides a unique insight into the early-modern world; a means of understanding the multifaceted experiences of daily life, of integrating understandings of the body, domestic, social, cultural and commercial activities. This thesis is social history through the lens of linen, reading a society through its interactions with a textile.

Concentrating on six plays in the 1610s, this thesis explores the ways theatrical visual effects described as “strange” channel the period’s moral anxieties about rhetoric, technology, and scepticism. It contributes to debates in repertory studies, textual and material culture, intellectual history, theatre history, and to recent revisionist considerations of spectacle. I argue that “strange” spectacle has its roots in the materialisation of morality: the presentation of moral ideas not as abstract concepts but in physical things. The first part of my PhD is a detailed study of early modern moral philosophy, scepticism, and material and textual culture. The second part of my thesis concentrates on Shakespeare’s Cymbeline (1609-10) and The Tempest (1611), John Webster’s The White Devil (1612), and Thomas Heywood’s first three Age plays (1611-13). These spectacular plays are all written and performed within the years 1610-13, a period in which the changes, challenges, and developments in both stage technology and moral philosophy are at their peak. I set these plays in the context of the wider historical moment, showing that the idiosyncrasy of their “strange” stagecraft reflects the period’s interest in materialisation and its attendant moral anxieties. This thesis implicitly challenges some of the conclusions of repertory studies, which sometimes threatens to hierarchise early modern theatre companies by seeing repertories as indications of audience taste and making too strong a divide between, say, “elite” indoor and “citizen” outdoor playhouses. It is also aligned with recent revisionist considerations of spectacle, and I elide divisions in criticism between interest in original performance conditions, close textual analysis, or historical-contextual readings. I present “strangeness” as a model for appreciating the distinct aesthetic of these plays, by reading them as part of their cultural milieu and the material conditions of their original performance.

Ce mémoire en archéologie coloniale canadienne présente une analyse de la céramique mise au jour dans la fosse à glace du site Gervaise (BjFj-119) dans le Vieux-Montréal. Le dépôt dans la fosse, où l’on peut distinguer trois niveaux stratigraphiques, a été mis en place entre 1750 et 1770, chevauchant la Conquête britannique de la Nouvelle-France en 1760. La propriété du site Gervaise, acquise par le maître boulanger Charles Gervaise en 1693 et habitée par lui et sa famille jusqu'en 1753, fut par la suite occupée par une succession de familles de la petite et moyenne bourgeoisie. L'assemblage de céramiques des trois niveaux de la fosse reflète l’évolution du paysage socioéconomique et politique de l'époque, ainsi que celle de la consommation de ces individus pendant ce temps mouvementé de l'histoire de Montréal et dans le contexte plus général de l’extension du capitalisme en Occident. L'étude est soutenue par les méthodes de description et de mise en contexte préconisées par l'archéologie du consumérisme, qui explore les diverses relations entre la culture matérielle et les individus. La collection de la glacière Gervaise offre un portrait original des maisonnées aisées de la fin du Régime français et du début du Régime anglais, et approfondit la place socioéconomique de certaines céramiques comme la terre cuite locale, le creamware, la faïence blanche et le grès fin blanc. / This thesis in Canadian colonial archaeology analyses the ceramics found in the ice cellar of the Gervaise site (BjFj-119) in Old Montreal. The deposit within the cellar, which is divided into three levels, was put in place between 1750 and 1770, thus overlapping the British Conquest of New France in 1760. The property, bought by the master baker Charles Gervaise in 1693 and occupied by him and his family until 1753, was subsequently inhabited by different families of the middling sort. The ceramics assemblage opens a window on the rapidly evolving socioeconomic and political landscape of the time and on the consumption practices of these individuals during this eventful period in Montreal history and more generally in the context of the extension of capitalism in Occident. The study is informed by the methods of description and contextualisation suggested by the archaeology of consumerism, which explores the various relationships between material culture and individuals. The collection from the Gervaise ice cellar offers an original view of well-to-do households at the end of French Regime and the beginning of the British Regime, and challenges the role of some ceramic markers such as local earthenware, creamware, white faience and white stoneware.

Basée sur une enquête de terrain à Manhattan, cette thèse appréhende le design en tant qu’arène transnationale de formation de la différence à partir de l’analyse des expériences, des pratiques créatives et de la production des designers de mode sino-américains nés en Asie orientale. Elle scrute les objets vestimentaires créés par un groupe de designers indépendants de la diaspora chinoise pour expliquer les cohérences et les dissonances des logiques identitaires et des processus mnémoniques qui influent sur leurs performances subjectivantes. Les récits de vie des designers et le contexte historique et social qui conditionne leurs parcours biographiques et artistiques sont examinés dans la première partie de l’essai. La seconde partie porte sur l’analyse comparative des traits stylistiques singularisants d’artefacts qui composent une sélection de collections de prêt-à-porter, selon la méthode des degrés du fait de Leroi-Gourhan. Les itinéraires sociaux hétérogènes de vêtements en circulation au moment de l’enquête à travers les réseaux commerciaux et médiatiques qui orientent leurs trajectoires de marchandises sont interrogés dans la troisème partie de la thèse. L’étude se poursuit par l’investigation des modes d’incorporation de la dynamique des innovations conçues par les designers diasporiques dans les styles de vie, les conduites sensori-motrices, les attitudes corporelles et les apparences des consommateurs. L’exploration des mécanismes par lesquels le capitalisme global opère sur les identités, les imaginaires, les objets, les techniques du corps et les techniques de soi des sujets met en lumière l’émergence de nouveaux “cosmopolitismes vernaculaires” associés à la conception, à la diffusion et au port du vêtement de mode contemporain. / Based on a fieldwork in Manhattan, the dissertation deals with design as a transnational arena for the formation of otherness through the analysis of the experiences, the creative practices and the production of Chinese-American fashion designers born in Eastern Asia. It scrutinizes the creative work of a group of independant designers from the Chinese diaspora to explain the coherences and the dissonances of the identity logics and the mnemonic processes which impact their subjective performances. The designers’ life stories and the historical and social context which determines their biographical and artistic pathways are examined in the first part of the dissertation.The second part addresses the comparative analysis of the stylistic distinguishing features of the artefacts which make up a selection of ready-to-wear collections, according to Leroi-Gourhan’s “fact degrees” method. The heterogeneous social routes of clothing items in circulation at the time of the inquiry through the commercial and media nets which drive their trajectories as commodities are questioned in the third part of the dissertation. The essay also investigates the modes of incorporation of the innovations fashioned by the diasporic designers in the lifestyles, the sensorial and motor behaviours, the bodily conducts and the appearances of the consumers. The exploration of the mecanisms through which global capitalism operates on the subjects’ identities, imaginaries, objects, bodily techniques and “technologies of the self” sheds light on the emergence of new “vernacular cosmopolitanisms” associated to the design, the dissemination and the display of contemporary dress.

La présente étude propose une synthèse des données relatives aux agglomérations celtiques occupées au cours du IIIe siècle avant notre ère sur l’ensemble de l’espace européen. Une approche globale de ce phénomène des agglomérations a été privilégiée, basée sur la relecture des données. Les problématiques d’identification et de caractérisation de ces habitats forment la trame principale de cette étude. Sur quarante-quatre sites pris en compte initialement pour comprendre les modalités d’émergence et les formes d’occupations, dix agglomérations ont été comparées afin de mettre en évidence leurs fonctions et leurs rôles. La mise en perspective des données permet de renouveler nos connaissances concernant l’organisation territoriale et économique de la société celtique au IIIe siècle avant notre ère, mais également de réévaluer les processus d’urbanisation de l’âge du Fer. Ce phénomène mis en évidence à l’échelle européenne renouvelle considérablement l’image de la société celtique du IIIe siècle avant notre ère et de son mode de fonctionnement. / This study provides a synthesis of the data issued from Celtic settlements (“agglomération”) of the third century BC in the whole European area. Centered on bibliographical data, a large approach of the phenomenon of agglomeration was considered. This study focuses on identification and characterization of these settlements. Among forty-four sites initially selected to understand the emergence and the forms of these settlements, ten were cross-checked in order to clarify their functions and roles. This consideration of the data allows us to improve our understanding of economic and territorial organization of the Celtic society during the third century BC, but also increase our knowledge of the urbanization process in the Iron Age. Over the European area this phenomenon considerably renews the vision of Celtic society of the third century BC and its organization.