Žmogaus mentalitetas turi labai didelės įtakos jo gyvenime. Viena iš bendrojo mentaliteto analizės formų yra jo geografinio mentaliteto, apimančio suvokimą ir žinias apie jo aplinką, šalį ir visą pasaulį, analizė. Kadangi kiekvienas žmogus gauna nemažai geografinių žinių dar mokykloje, geografinis mentalitetas gana gerai atspindi jo išsilavinimą ir intelektą. Šiuo metu yra iškilusi problema – vaikų, gyvenančių vaikų globos namuose, skaičiaus augimas. Todėl yra labai svarbu suvokti, ar normalios šeimos trūkumas daro įtaką šių vaikų išsilavinimui bei mentalitetui. Todėl šiame darbe buvo atliktas unikalus, vaikų, gyvenančių vaikų globos namuose, geografinio mentaliteto tyrimas. Be to, tyrimo pilnavertiškumo užtikrinimui, tyrimas buvo atliktas ir keliose bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose. Vilniuje yra penki vaikų globos namai, kuriuose gyvenantys vaikai dažniausiai eina į bendrojo lavinimo mokyklas. Tačiau yra labai svarbu suprasti, ar vaiko mentalitetui įtakos turi tik gaunamas išsilavinimas, ar ir gyvenamoji aplinka. Todėl tyrime buvo apklausti 188 vaikai. Po 94 vaikus iš mokykl��� ir vaikų globos namų. Iš jų 91 berniukas ir 97 mergaitės. Jiems buvo pateikta anoniminė anketa su 15 klausimų, po 5 klausimus iš Europos, Lietuvos ir Pasaulio regionų. Anketoje buvo trijų tipų klausimai: paprasto, „Turėk savyje žemėlapį“ ir žemėlapinio tipo klausimai. Anketos pagalba siekta kuo geriau atskleisti vaikų geografinį išprusimą ir mentalitetą. Atlikus tyrimą ir įvertinus jo rezultatus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Human mentality has a great influence to everyone‘s life. One of the mentality analyzis form is geografic mentality analyzis, which covers the understanding and knowledge about human‘s enviroment, country and the whole world. Because of the fact that every person gets quite enough geografical knowledge at school, the geografical mentality quite well shows person‘s education and intellect. Now all the society faces one huge problem – the amount of children living in foster home is growing very rapidly. That is why, it is very important to understant, if absence of normal family influences the education and mentality of these children. So in this work the unique research about geografic mentality of children living in foster home has been done. In order of full research, it has also been made in several secondary schools. There are five foster home for children in Vilnius, where live children, who go to normal secondary schools. But it is very important to understand, if the mentality of every child is influenced only by his education, or also by living enviroment. So, in the research participated 188 children, of whom 94 were from foster home and the same number from normal schools. 91 of them were boys and 97 girls. They got an anonymus questionare with 15 questions, of which 5 were from Europe, Lithuania and World regions. By the help of the questionare, is was a goal to find out the children knowledge about different parts of the geography. After the research and its... [to full text]

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While the political and social spaces of Old English literature are fairly well understood, this project examines the conceptual spaces in Old English poetry. The Anglo-Saxons possessed a richly metaphorical understanding of the world, not merely in the sense of artistically ornamental metaphor, but in Lakoff and Johnson's sense of conceptual metaphor, which reflects the structures of thought through which a culture understands their world. Three domains exhibit developed systems of conceptual metaphor for the Anglo-Saxons: the self, death, and the world. First, the Anglo-Saxon self is composed of four distinct entities--body, mind, soul, and a life-force--which each behave independently as they compete for control in poems like The Wanderer, The Seafarer, and Soul and Body. Second, death for the Anglo-Saxon is expressed through a number of metaphors involving the status or placement of the body: removal to a distant place; separation of the body and the soul; location down on or within the earth; and the loss of life as a possession. Predominance of a particular metaphor contributes to the effects of individual poems, from The Fates of the Apostles and Beowulf to The Battle of Maldon and The Wife's Lament. Third, the Anglo-Saxon world is a large structure like a building, with its three primary components--heaven, hell, and earth--each themselves presented as building-like structures. Old English poetry, including native versions of Genesis, reveal heaven to be a protective Anglo-Saxon hall, while hell is a cold prison. The earth, in poems like Christ II and Guthlac B, is either a wide plain or a comforting house. Christ I connects these worlds through gates, including Mary, characterized as a wall-door. Finally, the apocalyptic Christ III employs metaphorical spaces for all three conceptual domains treated in this study but dramatizes their breakdown even as it reveals spatial enclosure the overarching structure of metaphorical concepts in Old English poetry.

nÃo hà / O romance da Pedra do Reino à narrado pelo protagonista Pedro Dinis Ferreira Quaderna que, ao ser preso por autoridades do Estado Novo, em TaperoÃ, escreve sua epopÃia, seu memorial, a partir das histÃrias de seus ancestrais. O imaginÃrio que colore a Pedra do Reino, num fantÃstico cenÃrio no qual a transfiguraÃÃo do mundo sertanejo à filtrada pelos olhos do narrador Quaderna, a partir de um pensamento remanescente da mentalidade medieval europÃia, apresenta o cotidiano do sertÃo envolto pelo que denominamos de Nordeste Medieval, a ser compreendido na obra mediante a Teoria dos ResÃduos LiterÃrios e Culturais. A teoria busca comprovar o papel do imaginÃrio, da memÃria e da cultura dos povos na produÃÃo literÃria destes, trazendo à luz os substratos mentais que foram absorvidos pelo autor e que foram empregados na produÃÃo do texto literÃrio, reciclados esteticamente atravÃs da cristalizaÃÃo. A cristalizaÃÃo de resÃduos culturais e literÃrios à a re-elaboraÃÃo constante das experiÃncias vividas, memÃria e tradiÃÃo, em um novo contexto imaginativo, que traz à obra novas possibilidades criativas que se tornarÃo responsÃveis pela geraÃÃo de um ato discursivo entre leitor e texto, mediante o processo de identificaÃÃo de si e do outro, alÃm de possibilitar ao plano enunciativo uma âabertura da significaÃÃoâ na qual se estabelecem relaÃÃes novas entre os significantes e seu sentido, forjados na mentalidade, de forma consciente ou inconsciente, gerando a permanÃncia de resÃduos de realidade, sedimentos (Ãtnicos, culturais, histÃricos, artÃsticos etc.), que serÃo novamente materiais de criaÃÃo simbÃlica. / The Romance of the Stone Kingdom is narrated by the protagonist Pedro Dinis Ferreira Quaderni that after being arrested by authorities of the Estado Novo in Taperoà writes his epic, his memorial, from the stories of their ancestors. The imagery that colors the stone of the kingdom in a fantastic setting in which the transfiguration of the world backcountry is filtered through the eyes of the narrator Quaderni, from a remnant of the medieval mind thought Europe, presents the daily life of wilderness surrounded by what we call the Northeast Medieval To be understood in the work by the Theory of Literary and Cultural Waste. The theory seeks to prove the role of imagination, memory and culture of the peoples of literary production, bringing to light the mental substrates that have been absorbed by the author and who were employed in the production of literary texts, aesthetically recycled through crystallization. The crystallization of cultural and literary waste is the constant re-elaboration of the experiences, memory and tradition in a new imaginative context, the work that brings new creative possibilities that will become responsible for generating a speech act between reader and text by the process of identifying oneself and for others, besides allowing to enunciate a plan "openness of meaning" which establishes new relations between signifiers and their meaning, forged in the mind, consciously or unconsciously, creating a permanent waste reality, sediment (ethnic, cultural, historical, artistic, etc..), which will again create symbolic materials.

Almost everyone has some experience of seeing fictional couples in visual entertainment media. A large body of research has investigated the relationship depictions and their effects on how people perceive their own relationships. These studies have clearly shown that relationship representations in movies or TV series have an impact on the way we perceive our own relationships and are regulated by our exposure to them. However, these studies have primarily focused on the romanticised representations found in romantic comedies, or children's movies. These studies have criticised these depictions as problematic and unrealistic. The statistics and selection of popular streaming services, like Netflix and HBO Max, does however reveal that these genres are not the ones that account for the most exposure. Despite this, less research has been done in genres like drama series that account for more exposure–and may render relationships in a more realistic light. The purpose of this study was therefore to describe how adult romantic relationships that subscribe to mono-normative ideals are portrayed in contemporary western drama series. Drawing on a theoretical framework of relationship theories in late modernity by authors like Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, Bauman and Illouz, the study analysed 3 seasons from each of 5 popular drama series. The findings show that relationships are depicted as a constant struggle between increasing relationship stability (through recognition) and decreasing stability through risk mentality, individualization and liquid love. In these shows, relationships are defined through the severity of problems they face, where the forces pulling couples apart simultaneously make out their foundation. The findings suggest that relationships representations in drama series are comparatively more realistic than their romanticised counterpart but no less problematic.

The goal of the presented research is to explain the importance of integrating the literatures on leader bottom-line mentality (BLM) and behavioral ethics and to demonstrate that leader BLM can adversely impact followers' perceptions of ethical leadership. By doing so, several contributions can be made. First, I identify an antecedent of ethical leadership. Predominantly, most ethical leadership research has focused on identifying its outcomes (Brown & Mitchell, 2010). Second, I will offer new theoretical insights regarding the antecedents of ethical leadership. Past ethical leadership research has primarily relied on social exchange (Blau, 1964; Gouldner, 1960) and social cognitive (Bandura, 1977, 1986) theories, whereas I will draw on trait activation and cognitive stress theories to examine the relationship between BLM and ethical leadership. By integrating these two theories I will demonstrate Kerr's (1975) example of “the folly of rewarding A, while hoping for B.” Third, I will explain and demonstrate why follower BLM and leader stress perceptions are important boundary conditions regarding the primary relationship of interest and overall model. Comprehensively, I examine and demonstrate the potential of a backfiring effect that can be strengthened or weakened. This research aims to shed light on the often disregarded catch-22 leaders face in world that is increasingly concerned about bottom-line outcomes, while also demanding an immaculate standard of ethical behavior from leaders.

Um dos motivos do baixo desempenho dos animais está em falhas durante o processo de colostragem, pois ele pode apresentar baixa qualidade nutricional e microbiológica. Após esta fase inicial de vida, o desempenho das bezerras sofre influência direta do manipulador. Na intenção de identificar pontos falhos no processo de criação de bezerras, objetivou-se caracterizar o manejo destes animais, através do levantamento das principais práticas zootécnicas adotadas, avaliar a composição nutricional e microbiológica do colostro fornecido aos recém nascidos e as características do tratador de bezerras. Para caracterizar os sistema de criação de bezerras realizou-se uma entrevista com 179 produtores e/ou técnicos, abordando questões relacionadas a criação de bezerras, desde o manejo da vaca seca até o desaleitamento. Para caracterizar o colostro, foram colhidas 66 amostras, diretamente da ordenha de vacas recém-paridas ou do banco de colostro, com as quais realizaram-se análises bromatológicas e microbiológicas. A avaliação da atitude dos tratadores de bezerras foi realizada através de uma entrevista com 100 tratadores, a qual permitiu colher dados de auto-relatos do responsável pela criação de bezerras. A entrevista foi conduzida com base em questionário semi-estruturado, aplicado por um único entrevistador e direcionado ao tratador de bezerras. Os itens de atitude foram medidos e classificados de acordo com a resposta do entrevistado em uma escala de cinco pontos (Escala de Likert). Através do levantamento foi possível identificar pontos de melhoria na criação de bezerras, principalmente com as vacas pré-parto e acompanhamento dos partos, além de um melhor cuidado com o processo de colostragem desde a identificação da qualidade do colostro até o momento correto de oferecer o alimento ao recém-nascido. Práticas de manejo direcionadas a obtenção de colostro de boa qualidade devem ser priorizadas, além de cuidados com a higienização da colheita e armazenamento do mesmo, pois apenas 22,6% das amostras de colostro atendem a recomendação de qualidade nutricional e microbiológica. Assim, grande parte dos bezerros nesta população estudada está propensa a apresentar falhas na transferência de imunidade passiva e exposta a patógenos quando alimentados com colostro materno. Para algumas variáveis o tratador tem uma atitude positiva, porém na prática o comportamento realizado nem sempre é o mesmo. É possível que os tratadores de bezerras tenham componentes afetivos e cognitivos positivos, ou seja, já tiveram experiência anterior de sucesso com as práticas ou ainda, conhecem a importância técnica das principais ações na criação. Porém, o componente comportamental sobressai sobre algumas ações, levando-os a uma divergência entre a atitude e o comportamento. Programas voltados para educação, treinamento e fortalecimento do comprometimento dos colaboradores é um caminho interessante na tentativa de reduzir as falhas na criação de bezerras. / One cause of the low dairy calves performance is related to failures during colostrum feeding process, because it may have low nutritional and microbiological quality. After this initial period of life, the dairy calves performance is under direct influence of the handler. In an attempt to identify weak points in the dairy calves raising systems the study aimed to characterize the dairy calves management, through a survey of the main husbandry adopted practices, assess the nutritional and microbiological composition of colostrum and the calves handler attitude. To characterize the dairy calves raising system an interview with 179 producers and / or field technicians, addressing issues related to creation of calves from the dry cow management until weaning, was held. To characterize colostrum quality, 66 samples were collected directly from recently calved cows or colostrum bank, for chemical and microbiological analyzes. The evaluation of the attitude of calves handlers was conducted by interviewing 100 handlers, which allowed the collection of self-reported data. The interview was conducted based on a semi-structured questionnaire applied by a single interviewer and directed to calves handler. The items of attitude were measured and ranked according to the handler\'s response on a five point scale (Likert scale). Through the survey it was possible to identify areas for improvement in the dairy calves system of production, especially with pre-partum cows and monitoring of deliveries, and better care with the colostrum feeding process as to identifying the quality of colostrum to the correct feeding time for the newborn. Management practices aimed to obtain good quality colostrum must be priorities besides, care with sanitation during the harvest and storage of the same, since only 22.6% of colostrum samples meet the recommendation of nutritional and microbiological quality. Thus, most of the calves in the studied population are likely to present failures in the transfer of passive immunity and exposed to pathogens when fed colostrum. For some variables the handler has a positive attitude, but in practice the behavior performed is not always the same. It is possible that the calves handlers have positive affective and cognitive components, in other words, have had previous experience of successful practices or even know the technical importance of the main practices in dairy calves raising. However, the behavioral component stands on some actions, leading them to a divergence between the attitude and behavior. Programs for education, training and commitment of employees are an interesting way to reduce the low performance of dairy calves.

Le troisième tome de La vie de l’esprit, ultime œuvre de Hannah Arendt, aurait dû être consacré à la faculté de juger. Notre recherche débute par la reconstitution partielle de cette théorie du jugement non écrite, mais dont on trouve des traces dans l’ensemble du corpus arendtien. En nous appuyant principalement sur les conférences données par Arendt sur la troisième Critique de Kant et sur les écrits non destinés à la publication comme le Journal de Pensée, notre travail soutient la thèse d’une unité profonde entre toutes les positions d’Arendt sur le jugement : faculté mentale et politique, fondement de la conscience morale. La prise en compte d’une multiplicité de perspectives, grâce au processus de la « mentalité élargie » exposé par Kant, confère au jugement une dimension de pluralité qui en fait le trait d’union entre pensée et action. Le désintéressement du sujet, rendu possible par l’imagination, fonde cette capacité. Nous discutons alors cette dernière affirmation, en confrontant la théorie arendtienne à la perspective pragmatiste incarnée par John Dewey. Par son analyse de la pensée comme enquête (inquiry), et de la valuation, Dewey met en lumière la dimension expérimentale présente dans la formation de nos jugements, sans pour autant les réduire à des décisions instrumentales. L’interaction individu/environnement efface ainsi la frontière artificielle qui subsiste chez Arendt entre intériorité du soi et extériorité des apparences. Nous pouvons alors mettre en évidence l’usage possible de la théorie arendtienne dans l’analyse des problèmes politiques contemporains : le rôle du jugement dans l’espace public démocratique, et les conditions de son éducation. / The third volume of The Life of the Mind, Hannah Arendt’s final work, was to be dedicated to the faculty of judging. Our research begins by partially reconstructing this unformulated theory of judgment, fragments of which can be traced back throughout Arendt’s works. Taking as our principal basis the lectures Arendt gave on Kant's third Critique, as well as her writings not destined for publication, such as the Thinking Diary (Denktagebuch), our thesis supports the existence of a profound unity of all of Arendt’s affirmations on judgment: a mental and political faculty, which at the same time forms the moral conscience. The awareness of a diversity of perspectives, thanks to the process of the “enlarged mentality” displayed by Kant, confers to judgment a dimension of pluralism, rendering it a link between thought and action; and the subject’s disinterestedness, made possible by imagination, sets the foundation for this ability. We then deliberate this last affirmation juxtaposing Arendt’s theory with the pragmatist perspective embodied in John Dewey. Through his analysis of thought as inquiry, and of valuation, Dewey brings to light the experimental dimension present in the formation of our judgments without, nevertheless, reducing them to instrumental decisions. Thus, the individual/environment interaction erases Arendt’s enduring artificial boundaries between the inwardness of the self and the outwardness of appearances. This way we can exhibit the possible uses of Arendt’s theory in the analysis of contemporary political issues: the role of judgment within the democratic public sphere and the conditions of its education.

Esta pesquisa se dedica à investigação dos modos de invenção em arte que utilizam como base da sua construção a materialidade técnica e tecnológica. Partimos de uma pesquisa-ação, que teve como objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de metodologias possíveis para a inserção de conteúdos relacionados à cena intermedial na formação de docentes de teatro. Sistematizamos um estudo de caso alicerçado em duas produções artísticas contemporâneas: Shary Boyle e Collectif Lebovitz. Nos aproximamos de seus processos criativos com o maquínico, destacando em seus modos de agir a elaboração de uma mentalidade técnica associada ao conhecimento das etapas de concretização dos aparelhos, ciclos de invenção e modulações criativas pertinentes aos processos em grupo. Em paralelo empreendemos cursos de extensão voltados para alunos das Licenciaturas em Teatro das universidades UFMA e UFRGS, com o intuito de experimentarmos modos de encenar e apreciar a cena intermedial, partindo de uma perspectiva ética/ estética, deslocando-nos da primazia humanista ou tecnicista para uma uma ênfase sobre a correlação dos processos de individuação entre homem e máquina. A referida mudança de perspectiva, no contexto desta investigação, gerou a construção da disciplina Laboratório de Arte, Tecnologia e Educação, componente curricular obrigatório do Curso de Licenciatura em Teatro da UFMA, que pretende atuar como rearticulador de uma mentalidade técnica, voltada para o ensino e apreciação da Cena Intermedial nos contextos formativos das Licenciaturas em Teatro no Brasil. / This research is dedicated to investigates ways of the invention in art; that uses as a basis for this construction, the technical and technological materiality. We start from an action research, which aimed to develop possible methodologies for the inclusion of content related to the intermedial scene, in the formation of drama teachers. We systematized a study of case, starting from two contemporary art productions: Shary Boyle and Colecttif Lebovitz. We approached from their creative processes with the machinic, highlighting in his ways, the development of a technical mentality associated with knowledge of the stages of concretization of the device, invention cycles, and relevant creative modulations to processes in a group. In parallel, we organized extension courses for Undergraduate Drama Teachers of UFMA and UFRGS universities, to experience ways to stage and appreciate the intermedial scene, starting from an ethical/aesthetic perspective, shifting the humanist or technicalities primacy, for a correlation to the individuation process between man and machine. That change of perspective, in the context of this investigation, led to the construction of the discipline Laboratory of Art, Technology and Education. This compulsory curricular component in the UFMA degree in theater acts as an articulator of technical mentality, focused on teaching and appreciation of Intermedial scene in the formative context of undergraduate drama teachers in Brazil.

This thesis deals with the characteristics of teaching method of the Callan School and the possibility of its adaptation in the Czech Republic. The research work is carried out using standardized research methods: PEST analysis of the environment in the Czech Republic in relation to organizing language courses; research of mentality of inhabitants of the Czech Republic and their relationship to education and teaching of foreign languages; SWOT analysis and description of the Callan and the other methods. The main contribution of the thesis is to evaluate the possibility of adaptation of new methods in the Czech Republic with regard to local customs and possibilities of population. The thesis also contains description and philosophy of the Callan method for familiarizing readers with its essential features.