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A study of the monocyte-derived cell populations of the uveal tract and retina in homeostatic conditions and during the early stages of ocular autoimmune diseaseKezic, Jelena Marie January 2008 (has links)
The eye contains closely related but widely different tissues, offering a unique opportunity to investigate the phenotype and function of monocyte-derived cell populations within functionally unique microenvironments in a single complex organ. The uveal tract and retina contain rich networks of immune cells that reside and traffic through the eye, these cells having been implicated in various ocular inflammatory processes and immune-mediated diseases. One such inflammatory condition is human posterior uveitis, an autoimmune disease mainly affecting the retina. As current treatments for posterior uveitis only serve to slow down disease progression, studies using animal models, namely, experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), have focused on determining the key cellular and molecular mediators involved in disease initiation in order to expand the potential for novel therapeutic applications. The overall purpose of experiments in this thesis was to explore monocyte-derived cell populations of the uveal tract and retina, this being achieved by utilising a novel transgenic mouse model. Cx3cr1gfp/gfp transgenic mice on both BALB/c and C57Bl/6 backgrounds contain an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) encoding cassette knocked into the Cx3cr1 gene, disrupting its expression but facilitating GFP expression under the control of the Cx3cr1 promoter. Heterozygous (Cx3cr1+/gfp) mice were generated by crossing Cx3cr1gfp/gfp mice to wild-type (WT) mice. This transgenic model allowed for the exquisite visualisation of Cx3cr1-bearing monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages in ocular tissues, whilst also enabling the investigation of a potential role for Cx3cr1 in recruiting monocyte-derived cells to the eye in steady-state and inflammatory conditions.
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Oncostatin M-induced gene expression and regulation in astrocytes and microgliaBaker, Brandi J. January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 2, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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The Diversity of TLR4-triggered Responses in Mouse Microglia / Die Diversität TLR4-getriggerter Reaktionen in Mikroglia der MausRegen, Tommy 06 September 2010 (has links)
No description available.
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Effects of recombinant human erythropoietin in the cuprizone mouse model of de- and remyelination / Wirkungen von rekombinantem humanen Erythropoietin im Cuprizone-Maus-ModellHagemeyer, Nora 18 May 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Analyse der Rolle des Purin-Rezeptors P2X4 in der Pathophysiologie der Amyotrophen Lateralsklerose durch vergleichende Untersuchung seiner Expression im ALS-Mausmodell und humanen Gewebe / expression-analysis of the purinergic receptor P2X4 in the pathophysiology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by comparing its regulation in the ALS-mousemodel and human tissueOstertag, Karoline Dorothea 16 April 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Neue Behandlungsansätze für neuropsychiatrische Erkrankungen basierend auf der Identifizierung molekularer Krankheitsdeterminanten / Novel treatment approaches based on identification of molecular determinants in neuropsychiatric diseasesSargin, Derya 22 October 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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"Eine neue Rolle für Myelin-assoziierte Inhibitoren für die Mobilität von Mikroglia" / "A novel role for myelin-associated inhibitors in modulating microglial motility"Orfaniotou, Foteini 08 January 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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Die Funktion der inflammatorischen CCR2+ Monozyten bei der postnatalen Mikrogliaentwicklung und bakteriellen Meningitis / The function of inflammatory CCR2+ monocytes in the postnatal microglia development and bacterial meningitisMildner, Alexander 23 January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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Etablierung der Organotypischen Hirnschnitt-Kokultur als Tumor-Invasionsmodell / Organotypic brain slice coculture as a model for tumor invasionLohaus, Raphaela 25 February 2013 (has links)
No description available.
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Localisation, mécanisme d’induction et rôle physiopathologique du récepteur B1 des kinines dans de modèles expérimentaux de douleur chez le ratTalbot, Sébastien 06 1900 (has links)
Les kinines sont des peptides neuro- et vaso- actifs impliqués dans les processus hémodynamiques, inflammatoires et douloureux. Leurs effets biologiques sont produits par l’entremise de deux types de récepteurs couplés aux protéines G, soit B1 (B1R) et B2 (B2R). Le B1R est inductible, son expression est augmentée à la suite d’un dommage tissulaire ou de l’exposition à des endotoxines bactériennes (lipopolysaccharide bactérien (LPS)), à des cytokines pro-inflammatoires (interleukine-1β (IL-1β), facteur de nécrose tumorale-α (TNF-α)) ou à des espèces réactives oxygénées (ROS). Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse avaient pour objectif d’élucider et/ou de raffiner les connaissances sur 1) la localisation, 2) le mécanisme d’induction et 3) le rôle physiopathologique du B1R dans des modèles expérimentaux de douleur chez le rat. Nos données ont permis de démontrer pour la première fois que le B1R est augmenté de façon significative dans la moelle épinière du rat diabétique de type 1 où il est localisé sur les fibres sensorielles de type C, les astrocytes et les cellules de la microglie (1er article). Également, l’inhibition de l’activation des cellules de la microglie supprime les neuropathies diabétiques, l’expression de médiateurs pro-inflammatoires ainsi que l’activité pro-nociceptive du B1R (2e et 3e articles). Finalement, nous avons démontré que la stimulation systémique du TRPV1 par la capsaïcine induit une surexpression du B1R au niveau microgliale, via un mécanisme impliquant l’augmentation de la production de ROS et possiblement de cytokines (4e article). Ces données nous permettent de mieux comprendre les mécanismes impliqués dans l’expression et l’activité du B1R. Aussi, elles nous permettent d’imaginer de nouvelles stratégies pour prévenir l’induction du B1R (inhibition du TRPV1) ou son activité délétère (inhibition de l’activation des cellules de la microglie) dans la douleur inflammatoire et neuropathique. / Kinins are vaso- and neuro-active peptides involved in hemodynamic, inflammatory and pain processes. Their biological effects are mediated by two G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCR), termed B2R (constitutive) and B1R (inducible). B1R is expressed following tissue damage or exposure to bacterial endotoxin (LPS), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The objectives of this doctoral thesis were to define 1) the localisation, 2) the mechanism of induction and 3) the pathophysiological role of B1R in experimental models of pain in rat. Our data showed that B1R is significantly upregulated on sensory C fibers, astrocytes and microglia in spinal cord of type 1 diabetic rat (paper #1). Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of microglia reversed diabetic pain neuropathy, reduced levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and prevented B1R pro-nociceptive activity (papers #2 and 3). Finally, our data showed that systemic stimulation of TRPV1 with capsaicin upregulated B1R expression, mainly on microglia, through the increase of ROS and possibly cytokines (paper #4). Altogether, these data increased our knowledge related to B1R mechanism of induction and B1R activity. Also, these data shed light on new strategies to prevent B1R expression (TRPV1 blockade) and B1R deleterious activity (inhibition of microglia activation) in inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
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