Malgré la politique d’ouverture à l’immigration, à la diversité et au multiculturalisme du Québec, les immigrants récents rencontrent de nombreuses barrières sur le marché du travail. Selon la vision néo-classique, le capital humain détermine l’intégration des immigrants et leur degré de déqualification. Bien que l’origine puisse influencer les caractéristiques professionnelles et personnelles des immigrants qualifiés, certains d’entre eux peuvent être de même origine mais avoir des caractéristiques différentes. L’expérience migratoire, définie comme le fait pour un individu d’avoir émigré une 1ère fois de son pays d’origine vers un pays étranger, avant d’émigrer de nouveau de ce pays vers un 3ème, pourrait modifier ces caractéristiques du capital humain et qui influence l’intégration des immigrants ainsi que leur degré de déqualification. Arrivés d’un pays très diversifié, étant instruits, et allophones, les immigrants d’ex-URSS se constituent un groupe représentatif pour cette étude. De surcroît, certains immigrants de ce groupe possèdent une expérience migratoire. Cette recherche a pour but d’examiner le rôle de l’expérience migratoire antérieure dans l’intégration des immigrants russophones sur le marché du travail québécois et de voir son impact sur la présence et le degré de déqualification. L’approche qualitative adoptée pour ce travail permet d’observer pleinement les opinions des immigrants quant à leur intégration professionnelle et d’examiner l’effet de l’expérience migratoire. Nous avons découvert que l’expérience migratoire peut modifier la situation des immigrants sur le marché du travail. D’une part, elle leur permet d’acquérir un diplôme et une expérience de pays économiquement développés, ce qui a plus de valeur au Québec que les diplômes et l’expérience de pays d’ex-URSS. En plus, cette expérience permet aux immigrants d’améliorer leurs compétences linguistiques. D’autre part, l’expérience migratoire peut modifier les caractéristiques comportementales, telles que les méthodes de recherche d’emploi ou l’adoption d’un comportement ouvert et flexible qui peut aider à l’intégration. De surcroît, l’amélioration des caractéristiques professionnelles et personnelles par une expérience migratoire peut avoir un effet de compensation qui diminue l’effet de la stratégie familiale sur la présence et le degré de déqualification. En somme, nous pouvons conclure que l’expérience migratoire antérieure a un effet sur l’intégration des immigrants russophones sur le marché du travail québécois, et particulièrement, sur la présence et le degré de déqualification. / Despite the policy of open immigration, diversity and multiculturalism in Quebec, recent immigrants face many barriers in the labor market. According to the neo-classical view, human capital has an influence on the integration of immigrants and their degree of deskilling. While origin can influence the professional and personal characteristics of skilled immigrants, some of them might be of the same origin, yet possess different characteristics. The anterior migratory experience is defined as the act for someone, to migrate for the first time from their country of origin to another country, prior to migrate again from this country to a third one. That allows to the immigrants to alter characteristics of human capital, which then influence the integration of immigrants and their degree of deskilling. Being from a very diverse country, being educated, and being allophones, immigrants from the former USSR are a good representative group for this study. In addition, some immigrants in this group have previous migratory experience. This research aims to examine the role of previous migratory experience in the integration of Russian-speaking immigrants in the Quebec labor market, and to evaluate its impact on the presence and level of deskilling. The qualitative method adopted for the work allows for clear observation of the immigrants’ opinions relative to their professional integration, and an evaluation of the effect of the migratory experience. We have found that migratory experience can change an immigrant’s situation in the labor market. On the one hand, it allows them to get a degree and experience from an economically developed country, which holds more value in Quebec than qualifications and experience gained in countries of the former USSR. In addition, it allows them the opportunity to improve their language skills. On the other hand, migratory experience can shape behavioral characteristics, such as job search methods or the adoption of open and flexible behaviors which could help with integration. The improved professional and personal characteristics derived through migratory experience can also have a compensating effect which reduces the impact of family strategy on the presence and level of deskilling. In the end, we can conclude that previous migratory experience does have an impact on the integration of Russian-speaking immigrants in the Quebec labor market and, in particular, on the presence and level of deskilling.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T20:31:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DarlanDAA_DISSERT.pdf: 1327863 bytes, checksum: 20f80b67329558ad38d3402c80b1f9c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / In the brazilian northeast due to seasonality of rivers and modest hydrological network, water security policy was established, based on the accumulation of water during the rainy season, through the reservoirs construction. This process generate human benefits, but also ecological consequences such as loss of aquatic biodiversity, change in the connectivity of water bodies and modification of biological processes such as reproduction and recruitment of species. In Apodi/Mossoró River basin , Leporinus piau Fowler,1941 is quite important for artisanal and subsistence fishing, however it is necessary to better understand their biology, to establish more effective conservation and management measures. In this context, the objective this work was to study the population structure and reproductive dynamics of Leporinus piau (Fowler, 1941), in the reservoir of Pau dos Ferros, Brazilian semiarid. Specimens were collected quarterly from February 2011 to November 2012 using gillnets. The specimens captured were counted and measured the standard length (cm), total weight (g), and dissected to identify sex, and gonadal maturity stage and weight of gonads (g). Were captured 555 individuals. The highest CPUE value was registered in May/2011 (0.0259 ind. m2*h) and lowest was in August/2012 (0.0008 ind. m2*h). The standard length ranged between 5.9 and 20.7cm and total weigh between 4.16 and 271.50g. The length class of 10-15cm was the most frequent of individuals captured for both sexes. The species presented isometric growth (b=3.01) and L50 was estimated to be 12.76cm. Of individuals captured, 276 were juveniles, 180 males and 99 females. The highest GSI value was observed in February/2011 for females (10.69) and males (5.72). There was a significant a positive correlation between GSI and rainfall. We conclude that the population of L. piau is established in the reservoir with some alterations its population attributes and reproductive period was determined between February and May / No nordeste brasileiro devido a sazonalidade dos rios e rede hidrológica modesta, foi estabelecida uma política de segurança hídrica, baseada na acumulação de água nos períodos de chuva, pela construção de reservatórios. Este processo gerou benefícios humanos, mas também consequências ecológicas, como a perda de biodiversidade aquática, alteração na conectividade dos corpos d água e modificação de processos biológicos como a reprodução e o recrutamento de espécies. No reservatório de Pau dos Ferros, bacia do Rio Apodi/Mossoró, a espécie Leporinus piau Fowler,1941, apresenta grande importância na pesca artesanal e de subsistência, no entanto é necessário conhecer melhor a sua biologia, para estabelecer medidas de conservação e manejo pesqueiro mais eficazes.Neste contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a estrutura da população e a dinâmica reprodutiva de L.piau no reservatório de Pau dos Ferros. As capturas foram feitas com redes de espera de diferentes malhas, entre 17h e 05h. Os peixes capturados foram contados, medidos o comprimento padrão (cm) e peso total (g) e dissecados para identificação do sexo e estágio de maturação gonadal. O maior valor de CPUE ocorreu em maio de 2011 (0,0259 ind. m2 * h) e o menor em agosto de 2012 (0,0008 ind. m2 * h). O comprimento padrão variou de 5,9 a 20,7cm e o peso de 4,16 a 271,5g. A classe de tamanho 10 a 15cm foi a mais frequente para os dois sexos. A espécie apresentou crescimento isométrico (b=3,01) e, L50 estimado em 12,76cm. Foram coletados 555 indivíduos, 276 jovens e 279 adultos, destes 180 machos e 99 fêmeas (1,81: 1)M:F. O maior valor de IGS ocorreu em fevereiro de 2011 para fêmeas (10,69) e machos (5,72). Houve correlação significativa e positiva entre IGS e pluviosidade. Concluímos que a população de L. piau está estabelecida no reservatório com alterações em seus atributos populacionais como a proporção sexual ou mesmo o comprimento de primeira maturação e o período reprodutivo ocorreu entre fevereiro e maio

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:13:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucileine de Assumpcao.pdf: 365155 bytes, checksum: e34cb08ebfe3d7fe233342e001a86050 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric characteristics related to swimming performance of two migratory neotropical species, of long distances, which would subsidize the study of swimming performance and the planning of futures fish pass systems. A total of 80 adult fish of the species Leporinus elongatus and Prochilodus lineatus (40 of each one) were analyzed, collected on the fish pass of Sergio Motta Hydroelectric Power Plant (Porto Primavera), high Paraná river, during November 2007 to January 2008 and October 2009. Thirteen morphological measurements were done to obtain eight morphometric ratios (muscle ratio, propulsive ratio, fineness ratio, aspect ratio, caudal peduncle depth factor, caudal fin length ratio, pectoral fin ratio and length from nose to pectoral fin base ratio) considered potentially important to describe the fish swimming performance. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Analysis of variance were applied to verify the morphological diversification pattern between the two species. Leporinus elongatus and Prochilodus lineatus differed regarding morphometric characteristics related to swimming performance, as muscle ratio, caudal fin length ratio, caudal peduncle depth factor, length from nose to pectoral fin base ratio and fineness ratio. These morphometric ratios can be used to predict the swimming performance of the studied species. However, it is important to emphasize the need of more studies related to survey of swimming performance (tests of prolonged and burst speed) to predict if the species presented differences for swimming speed/performance, whereas the predictive character of this kind of approach would give better precision to analysis, besides contributing significantly to subsidize the absence of basic information about the biology of our neotropical migratory native species. / Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as características morfométricas relacionadas ao desempenho natatório de duas espécies de peixes neotropicais migradoras, de longas distâncias, as quais poderão subsidiar os estudos de capacidade natatória e o planejamento de futuros sistemas de transposição para peixes. Um total de 80 peixes adultos das espécies Leporinus elongatus e Prochilodus lineatus (40 de cada espécie) foram analisados, coletados na escada para peixes da Usina Hidrelétrica Engenheiro Sergio Motta (Porto Primavera), alto rio Paraná, no período de novembro de 2007 a janeiro de 2008 e em outubro de 2009. Treze medidas morfológicas foram realizadas para obtenção de oito razões morfométricas (razão muscular, razão propulsora, razão fineza, razão aspecto, fator altura do pedúnculo caudal, razão comprimento da nadadeira caudal, razão nadadeira peitoral e razão comprimento da ponta do focinho à base da nadadeira peitoral) consideradas potencialmente importantes para descrever o desempenho natatório dos peixes. A Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP) e a Análise de Variância foi aplicada para verificar o padrão de diversificação morfológica entre as duas espécies. Leporinus elongatus e Prochilodus lineatus diferiram quanto às características morfométricas relacionados ao desempenho natatório, como a razão muscular, razão comprimento da nadadeira caudal, fator altura do pedúnculo caudal, razão distância da ponta do focinho à base da nadadeira peitoral e razão fineza. Essas razões morfométricas podem ser utilizadas para predizer o desempenho natatório das espécies estudadas. Ressalva-se, no entanto, a necessidade da realização de estudos relativos a levantamento da capacidade natatória (testes de velocidade prolongada e de explosão) para predizer se as espécies apresentam diferenças nas velocidades de natação/capacidade natatória, uma vez que o caráter preditivo deste tipo de abordagem forneceria maior precisão às análises, além de contribuir, de modo significativo, para subsidiar a ausência de informações básicas sobre a biologia de nossas espécies migradoras neotropicais.

A l'interface de la sociologie des migrations et de la sociologie politique, la thèse porte sur les migrations de retour des réfugiés congolais à partir des principaux pays d'acceuil l'afrique centrale. loin d'être regardées dans une perspective linéaire et statique entre deux sédentarités mais analysées à partir d'observation in situ et d'entretiens biographiques réalisés pendant près de seize mois dans les espaces d'accueil et de retour, les migrations de retour son intégrées ici dans un espace migratoire dynamique fait d'oppositions et de transactions entre les dispositifs du flux migratoire qui organisent et réglementent les migrations de retour, et les multiples pratiques formelles et informelles du sujet dont les intenses jeux de tension s'inscrivent dans un contexte soutenu de limitation des flux migratoires et l'accroissement de nouvelles formes de mobilité dans l'espace migratoire d'afrique centrale. / In the interface of the sociology of migration and political sociology, the thesis focuses on return migration of Congolese refugees from the main host countries of central Africa. Far from being observed in a linear and static perspective between two sedentarinesses but analyzed starting from in situ observations and from biographical interviews conducted during 16 months in host and return areas, the migrations of return are integrated in a dynamic migratory space constituted by oppositions and transactions between the biopolitic plans of retention of flows and the circulatory practices of the refugees. The accent is particularly focused on negotiating "biographical crossroads" and migratory careers of refugees from the social, spatial and political capital acquired during the refuge time. How, in these intersections between migratory careers and biopolitical plans, the returnees can define and negotiate their installations in the environment of return ?

Tout en recourant à la méthode ethnographique, nous étudions, à travers cette thèse, les projets migratoires d'un ensemble d'immigrants haïtiens arrivés en France métropolitaine entre 1991 et 2011, les relations haïtiennes intracommunautaires dans la banlieue de Saint-Denis et les liens matériels et affectifs que nos enquêtés continuent de maintenir avec leur pays originel au-delà de leur double frustration liée à la déqualification professionnelle en France et à la peur de la réinstallation en Haïti. Doublement frustrés, la plupart d'entre eux se dirigent vers des églises protestantes et d'autres associations haïtiennes à Saint-Denis dans le but de pouvoir trouver une réponse à leurs difficultés migratoires. Toutefois, décevant ces derniers, ces églises s'érigent en espaces de résurgence d'oppositions interrégionales moun nan Nò/moun nan Sid (gens du Nord/gens du Sud) issues du pays d'origine. D'autres migrants empruntant par ailleurs le chemin du réseau maçonnique feraient l'expérience de l'unification communautaire. Par contre, au-delà de l'importante contribution du réseau maçonnique à l'unification des immigrants haïtiens, les oppositions interrégionales perdurent encore... Le morcellement communautaire et la régionalisation de l'organisation commerciale des immigrants haïtiens à Saint-Denis nous portent à avancer qu'ils constituent une communauté transnationale, et non une diaspora. L'expérience de l'émigration a fait tomber une représentation paradisiaque de l'ailleurs. Au cœur de leurs tiraillements, de nombreux Haïtiens déqualifiés et frustrés à Saint-Denis décident d'emprunter la voie d'une "re-haïtianisation" incapable de dépasser toutefois les clivages interrégionaux moun nan Nò/moun nan Sid. Notre thèse comporte quatre grandes parties. Elle s'articule autour de quatre grands objectifs. Quatre disciplines majeures (philosophie, sociologie, histoire et géographie) ont été mobilisées dans la construction de notre argumentation. / While using the ethnographic method, this thesis proposes to study the migratory projects of a group of Haitians who arrived in France between 1991 and 2011 and living in Saint-Denis, the intra-community Haitian relations in this suburb, and the material and emotional ties that the respondents continue to maintain with their original country beyond a double frustration linked to their professional deskilling and their fear of returning to Haiti. Doubly frustrated, most of the immigrants studied go to haitian protestant churches in order to be able to find an answer to their migratory difficulties. However, disappointing these immigrants, these churches are erected spaces resurgence inter-regional oppositions moun nan Nò / moun nan Sid (people of the North / people of the South) from the country of origin. Other migrants who are also moving towards the Masonic network would make an entirely different experience: the experience of community unification. On the other hand, beyond the eminent contribution of the Masonic network to the unification of immigrants, the inter-regional opposition persists. The fragmentation of communities and the regionalization of the commercial organization of Haitian immigrants in Saint-Denis lead us to argue that they constitute a transnational community, not a diaspora. The experience of emigration has brought down a paradise representation of elsewhere. During their tugging, the Haitians of Saint-Denis decide to take the path of a "re-haitianization" unable to exceed the regional divisions.

[pt] O rosto do migrante nos fala, eloquentemente, a respeito da incrível desigualdade existente na sociedade humana e seus respectivos desdobramentos. Por outro lado, a maneira como notamos, percebemos e acolhemos esse rosto também fala, eloquentemente, a respeito de nós mesmos: o com que lidamos com a demanda, fragilidade e vulnerabilidade do órfão, da viúva e do forasteiro; daquele que está nu e faminto. Em outras palavras, pessoas pobres e desassistidas, caminhantes, migrantes, imigrantes, refugiados, expatriados, apátridas, requerentes de asilo, todos deslocadas à força. O exuberante e crescente fluxo migratório contemporâneo é formado por pessoas refugiadas da bestialidade das guerras e de governos despóticos, oriundas de territórios em conflito em busca de paz e segurança e, pelos assim chamados, imigrantes econômicos, que se refugiam em busca de melhores perspectivas de vida. Enquanto a disparidade de renda entre países pobres e ricos se mantiver como abissal e o processo de crescimento global se mantiver absolutamente desigual, o detonador migratório continuará fomentando os efeitos danosos do desequilíbrio da migração internacional com proporções épicas. Como consequência, a chegada de uma massa de imigrantes sem teto, privados de direitos humanos e não amparados adequadamente pela lei local, agudiza ainda mais os movimentos de caráter xenofóbico, racistas e nacionalistas. As incessantes ondas de novos imigrantes são percebidas com mal estar e temor provocando animosidade e hostilidade em relação à boa parte das comunidades e países que os recebem. O século XXI, marcado pelas novas eras da informação, da comunicação e da tecnologia; marcado pelos efeitos assimétricos de uma globalização perversa que promove o acesso não equitativo aos meios produtivos e financeiros; marcado pela formação e expansão de novos governos totalitários e pela configuração de uma nova ordem geopolítica multipolar; marcado pela persistência da pobreza e a perpetuação de desigualdades estruturais elementares, exarceba um fenômeno antigo, mas que se manifesta agora em proporções alarmantes: a crise dos refugiados e dos imigrantes pobres. Por tal razão utilizamos a perspectiva da filosofia de base ética do filósofo Emmanuel Lévinas. Suas categorias como rosto humano, visitação do rosto, rosto como revelação, rosto do estrangeiro, da viúva e do órfão como transcendência, cultura como rosto de outrem, perspectiva inter-humana, alteridade e próximo nos ajudam a lançar luz sobre a situação dos refugiados e imigrantes pobres da atualidade. De igual forma, também nos pareceu fundamental utilizar a perspectiva adotada por Papa Francisco durante todo o seu magistério. Desde o início de seu pontificado o Sumo Pontífice chamou a atenção para os novos desafios relativos ao drama dos refugiados e imigrantes da atualidade. Nos alertou de que a humanidade está em crise e que precisamos dar uma resposta efetiva às atuais mazelas humanas através de uma postura solidária e rejeitando as traiçoeiras tentações da separação e do individualismo. O Pontífice insiste na necessidade de se favorecer uma cultura do encontro que nos permita, de fato, cuidar e proteger o que Deus criou com dignidade, responsabilidade e amor fraterno. / [en] The migrant s face speaks eloquently about the incredible inequality that exists in human society and of its consequences. On the other hand, the way we notice, perceive and welcome this face also speaks eloquently about ourselves: the way we deal with the needs, the fragility and the vulnerability of the orphan, the widow and the outsider, of him who is naked and hungry. In other words, poor and underserved people, vagabonds, migrants, immigrants, refugees, expatriates, stateless persons, asylum seekers, all forcibly displaced. The already massive and still growing contemporary migratory flow consists of people who seek refuge from the bestiality of wars and despotic governments, coming from conflicted territories in search of peace and security, as well as by the so-called economic immigrants, who search for better lives. As long as the income disparity between rich and poor countries remains abysmal and the process of global growth stays absolutely uneven, the migration trigger will continue to fuel the harmful effects of imbalanced international migration in epic proportions. As consequence, the arrival of a mass of homeless immigrants, deprived of human rights and not adequately supported by local law, further exacerbates xenophobic, racist and nationalist movements. The incessant waves of new immigrants are thus perceived with unease and fear, provoking animosity and hostility towards a considerable part of the communities and countries that receive them. The 21st century, marked by new eras of information, communication and technology, marked by the asymmetric effects of a perverse globalization that promotes inequitable access to productive and financial means, marked by the formation and expansion of new totalitarian governments and the configuration of a new multipolar geopolitical order, marked by the persistence of poverty and the perpetuation of elementary structural inequalities exacerbates an old phenomenon, but which is now manifesting itself in alarming proportions: the crisis of refugees and poor immigrants. For this reason we use the perspective of the philosophy of ethical foundation of the philosopher Emmanuel Lévinas. Its categories as human face, visitation of the face, face as revelation, face of the foreigner, the widow and the orphan as transcendence, culture as the face of another, inter-human perspective, otherness and proximity help us shed light on the situation of refugees and poor immigrants today. Likewise, it also seemed fundamental to us to use the perspective adopted by Pope Francis throughout his teachings. Since the beginning of his pontificate, the Supreme Pontiff has drawn attention to the new challenges related to the drama of the refugees and immigrants of today. He warned us that humanity is experiencing a crisis and that we need to give an effective response to current human ills through a solidary posture and by rejecting the treacherous temptations of separation and individualism. The Pontiff insists on the need to promote a culture of the encounter that allows us, in fact, to care for and to protect what God created with dignity, responsibility and fraternal love.

Thèse en recherche-création. / Cette thèse est le fruit d’une démarche de recherche-création et est inspirée par les études culturelles (Ahmed, 2004; Minh-Ha, 1992; Probyn, 2004; 2006), les études queer (Hallberstam, 2013; Puar, 2012), les études critiques arabes (Cable, 2013; Jamal et Naber, 2008; Georgis, 2013; Shomali, 2023), ainsi que les approches issues des radical black studies sur la fugitivité et celles autochtones sur le refus (Brand; 2002; Harney & Moten, 2013; Hartman, 2019; Sharpe, 2023; Simpson, 2007). Elle esquisse une arabité queer en contextes migratoires en déployant la recherche par l’écriture (Bellerive, 2021; Faury, 2024; Guttorm, 2016; Paquin, 2019; Richardson & St Pierre, 2008; St Pierre, 2022; Truman, 2023) et, plus spécifiquement, par ce que j’appelle l’écriture en rencontres (avec soi, avec d’autres humains, avec divers objets médiatiques). À coup de fragments, ce sont des écritures proches (Minh-Ha, 1992) d’une arabité queer en contextes migratoires éprouvée à Montréal comme à Rabat et à travers de nombreux allers-retours entre le Québec et le Maroc, que je (vous) propose de rencontrer et d’explorer. Que font ces écritures en rencontres? Quelles conversations (sur le silence, l’opacité et les identités, notamment) autour d’une arabité queer génèrent et amorcent-elles? Qu’est-ce qu’implique écrire et tisser une arabité queer en rencontres comme proposition épistémologique, analytique, et politique? Au fur et à mesure de ces écritures en fragments se nouent des trames émergentes qui tissent une arabité queer avec et contre d’autres arabités queer : Re-tours (im)possibles, « Les filles qui sortent », Trans-lating. Mon amour/ حبيبتي/My love, Paraître arabe queer, Identités quand tu nous tiens, Coming out(s) et opacités arabes queer, Parler Proche, Solitudes et relationnalités, Faire-frontière arabe queer, Traversées et Retours réflexifs. / This doctoral thesis stems from a research-creation approach, at the intersection of cultural studies (Ahmed, 2004; Minh-Ha, 1992; Probyn, 2004; 2006) , queer studies (Hallberstam, 2013; Probyn, 2004; 2006 ; Puar, 2013), Arab critical studies (Cable, 2013; Jamal & Naber, 2008; Georgis, 2013; Shomali, 2023), as well as approaches emerging from radical black studies on fugitivity and indigenous ones on refusal (Brand; 2002; Harney & Moten, 2013; Hartman, 2019; ; Sharpe, 2023; Simpson, 2007). It proceeds to weave out a queer Arabness in a migratory context by deploying research through writing (Bellerive, 2021; Faury, 2024; Guttorm, 2016; Paquin, 2019; Richardson & St Pierre, 2008; St Pierre, 2022; Truman, 2023) and, more specifically, through what I call writing through encounters (with oneself, with other humans and with various media objects). I write in fragments and nearby (Minh-Ha, 1992) a queer arabness in a migratory context, that is experienced and embodied both in Montreal and in Rabat, as well as through numerous roundtrips between Quebec and Morocco. What do these writings through encounters perform? What kind of conversations (about silence, opacity and identities, in particular) related to Arab queerness do they generate and initiate? What does writing and weaving a queer arabness, through encounters, mean as an epistemological, analytical and political proposition? As these fragmentary writings unfold, threads emerge that weave a queer arabness with and against other queer arabnesses: Im(possible) re-turns, “Women Who Go Out”, Trans-lating. Mon amour/ حبيبتي/My love, Looking arab queer, Identity when you have a hold on us, Coming out(s) and Arab queer opacities, Speaking nearby, Solitudes and relationality, Arab queer making frontier, Crossings and Reflexive returns.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Cette thèse porte sur la constructions des carrières migratoires de femmes issues de la Corée du Nord, de la Corée du Sud et du Japon. L’enjeu est de comprendre la construction objective et subjective de ces parcours à partir d’héritages historiques et culturels des sociétés d'origine, de politiques migratoires, de bifurcations biographiques, d’expériences sociales et de travail au sein d’« espaces totalitaires ». Dans la première partie, la thèse se penche sur les migrations internationales de femmes ainsi que sur la démarche méthodologique mise en place pour collecter des données comparatives auprès de femmes en souffrance au cœur de terrains « minés » et pour les analyser. La deuxième partie s’efforce de reconstituer les carrières objectives des migrantes en se concentrant sur les contextes de départ, la construction des projets migratoires et les contextes d’arrivée. Les migrantes se heurteront à la réitération des grammaires du mépris et de l’injustice – au sens de L. Roulleau-Berger – , aux violences et aux dominations influencées par les imaginaires coloniaux ou nationaux de la population hôte. Les corps « faibles » de ces femmes, au regard des imaginaires individuels et collectifs des sociétés d’accueil, deviennent des corps sensuels, sexuels, résistants etc. et devront se construire socialement au sein « d’espaces totalitaires » érigés au regard de ces imaginaires. La troisième partie analyse la construction des carrières subjectives des femmes issue de la péninsule coréenne et du Japon. Entre les obligations hypertrophiées de s’adapter imposées aux migrantes par le biais de techniques de mortifications – au sens de Goffman – les rôles infligés et les stratégies d’adaptation, elles tentent de survivre à leurs imaginaires migratoires déçus en déployant des tactiques qui se définissent par le refus de toute participation personnelle, l’assimilation du rôle imposé par la société d’accueil ou l’émancipation. / This thesis focuses on the construction of migratory careers of women from North Korea, South Korea and Japan. The challenge is to understand the objective and subjective structure of these routes from historical and cultural heritage of the societies of origin, from migration policies, from biographical bifurcations and from social and work experiences in “totalitarian spaces”. In the first part, the thesis focuses on international migration of women as well as the methodology established to collect comparative data from suffering women in "mined" fieldwork and to analyze them. The second part tries to reconstruct the objective careers of migrants focusing on starting contexts, on the construction of migration projects and on the arrival contexts. The migrants will face the reiteration of grammar of contempt and injustice - in the sense of L. Roulleau-Berger – and the violence and dominations influenced by colonial or national imaginary of the host population. The “weak” bodies of these women, under individual and collective imaginary of host societies, become sensual bodies, sexual bodies, resistant bodies etc. and will build socially in "totalitarian spaces" erected in view of these imaginary. The third section analyzes the construction of the subjective Career of Women of the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Between the bloated obligations to adapt (imposed on migrants through process of mortifications - in the sense of Goffman –), the imposed roles and the adaptive strategies, they try to survive their disappointed migration imaginary by deploying tactics that define by the refusal of any personal participation, assimilation of the role imposed by the host society or emancipation.