Rapporten behandlar utvecklingen av ett system som möjliggör för rapportering och granskning av avfallsdata. Systemet består av en mobilapplikation och en webbapplikation som utvecklats med React Native respektive React, en databas som utvecklats med MySQL och en back-end bestående av tjänster som erbjuds av Amazon Web Services. I AWS används tjänster som tillåter hantering av mobilapplikation, webbapplikation, databas och användare. Systemet utvecklades av åtta studenter vid Tekniska högskolan vid Linköpings universitet på uppdrag av det australiensiska företaget EcCell. Projektet resulterade i framtagningen av produkten Trace the Waste med nästan alla önskade funktionaliteter. I rapporten diskuteras även vad som hade kunnat göras annorlunda i utvecklingen med hjälp av andra verktyg. Rapporten drar slutsatser om bland annat varför produkten ger värde för kunden och hur den agila arbetsmetoden Scrum påverkat studenternas arbete under distansläge. Varje student har också skrivit ett individuellt bidrag där olika områden relaterade till projektet utreds. Bidragen finns i slutet av rapporten.

Social and ecological sustainability applications are a significant way to bring equality, equity, and happiness in society. Food waste and food security are two of the most significant problems the people have to tackle the next years. In every country, there are huge problems regarding the food waste which cause serious health problems and pollution not only in the atmosphere but in the subsoil as well. Contrary to that, there is a countless number of people facing food security issues every day across the globe. These problems occurred in Greece as well due to the modern way of living on one hand and the financial crisis on the other. A combination of technological ideas in the economic field of the circular economy could be applied to succeed in sustainable solutions. In this thesis, a literature search conducted in order to identify similar problems in Greece. There are very worrying statistics that indicate the massive food waste that is happening in Greek households. Additionally, the literature search for food security and unemployment reveals the significant problem occurred in society as a result of the financial crisis. An additional search in the field of the circular economy reveals excellent solutions in the agricultural machinery sharing and refactoring that could be applied locally, exploiting the existing infrastructure of the community. These solutions help small and young farmers to improve their financial situations. The author is exploring the effects of the financial crisis in the local economy in an effort to apply technological solutions in a form of a mobile application to interconnect people and make the donation, sharing and job search easier for the community. The ultimate goal of this study is to develop an application that could help the community to move towards social and ecological sustainability. Even though the ideas applied in this thesis are fresh to the community in the author’s region, the results of this work indicate that there are significant support and willingness to contribute. The development efforts are focusing on a mobile application where its features are focusing on the best possible interconnection among people of the community. Participants believe that the application interconnection along with the features provided, like the food donation, food sales, machinery sharing and job search among people of the community, could bring positive results reducing the food waste, promoting the circular economy, and toning the local economy in general. The data have shown that the author is moving towards the right path in his first attempt to present these ideas to the community in his region. Every participant in this study embraces his efforts finding potential value in the provided features of the application.

Submitted by Sidarta Fernandes (sidafer.22@gmail.com) on 2018-06-04T14:56:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Sidarta.pdf: 5555150 bytes, checksum: 8be5097c56b66ef4a37374f9c7a3748d (MD5) carta-autorizacao-publicacao.pdf: 99533 bytes, checksum: 37588984046b856f1a8456c3652ef7c0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ri.bco@ufscar.br) on 2018-06-06T17:22:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Sidarta.pdf: 5555150 bytes, checksum: 8be5097c56b66ef4a37374f9c7a3748d (MD5) carta-autorizacao-publicacao.pdf: 99533 bytes, checksum: 37588984046b856f1a8456c3652ef7c0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ri.bco@ufscar.br) on 2018-06-06T17:22:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Sidarta.pdf: 5555150 bytes, checksum: 8be5097c56b66ef4a37374f9c7a3748d (MD5) carta-autorizacao-publicacao.pdf: 99533 bytes, checksum: 37588984046b856f1a8456c3652ef7c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-06T17:26:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Sidarta.pdf: 5555150 bytes, checksum: 8be5097c56b66ef4a37374f9c7a3748d (MD5) carta-autorizacao-publicacao.pdf: 99533 bytes, checksum: 37588984046b856f1a8456c3652ef7c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-22 / Não recebi financiamento / With the expansion of mobile computing, caused by the popularization of smartphones, tablets and application stores, and the increase in the inter-connectivity between devices and servers, many questions arise in the software engineering scenario. As most applications work with a back-end server over the Internet, one such question involves offline application usage, because in many occasions network connectivity is not available. This question can be solved in many ways, including storage of the requests, caching, data synchronization, among others. There are solutions both in the industry and academy that attempt to solve this problem, however two challenges remain: to solve the problem in a way that covers many software layers, including interface and usability issues; and to support any step in the development cycle without great implementation effort, facilitating adaptation and refactoring of existing applications. This dissertation presents an Android library built to help developers provide offline functionality on their apps, while trying to solving these two challenges. To do that, the library, called OfflineManager, was built to be easily installed and utilized, and offers different ways to treat each call to the back-end, both in case of Internet connection missing, or in case of an unavailable server. It also offers feedback messages, and a point of interaction via pop-up. To evaluate the library, four evaluation methods were used: specialist opinion, implantation on a real project, comparative experiment with users, and heuristic evaluation. All four evaluations conducted showed results indication that the library attends its purpose and caters for the two challenges presented, being that the first two evaluations analyzed implementation and development aspects, while the last two analyzed interface and usability aspects. Evaluations showed that the library is easy to install, use and comprehend, that the treatments offered are sufficient and that it improves app usability in an offline scenario. Although, some threats to validity can be listed, indicating that there is room for improvement in the way they were conducted. Finally some improvements can be presented as future work in order to improve the library, expand the experiments taken, and to consolidate guidelines for the library utilization. / Com a expansão da computação móvel, na forma da popularização de smartphones, tablets e também das lojas de aplicativos, e do aumento da interconectividade entre os dispositivos e servidores, diversas questões surgem no cenário da engenharia de software voltado para esse mercado. A medida que grande parte dos aplicativos opera com um servidor de back-end na Internet, uma questão que se destaca é a utilização de aplicativos em modo offline, pois em diversas ocasiões conexão com a rede não é fator garantido. Essa questão pode ser abordada de diversas formas, entre elas armazenamento das requisições, caching, sincronização de dados, dentre outras, e existem soluções no mercado e na academia que tentam auxiliar no tratamento desse problema, porém ainda assim existem dois desafios em aberto que precisam ser tratados: resolver o problema de forma a tratar as diversas camadas de software, incluindo a interface e questões de usabilidade, e possibilitar a resolução em qualquer etapa do ciclo de desenvolvimento sem que seja necessário grande esforço de implementação, facilitando a adaptação e a refatoração. Essa pesquisa de mestrado apresenta a construção de uma biblioteca chamada OfflineManager, para a plataforma Android, para auxiliar no tratamento das questões de uso em modo offline em aplicativos. A biblioteca foi construída para ser fácil de instalar, utilizar, e também permite a escolha dos modos de tratamento, de forma que o desenvolvedor possa configurar o comportamento para cada chamada ao back-end em sua aplicação, em cenário de falta de conexão tanto com a Internet, quanto com o servidor em questão. Além disso, os tratamentos oferecidos se estendem para a camada de interface, na forma de feedbacks informativos ou pop-up de confirmação. Para avaliar a biblioteca proposta, foram utilizados 4 metodologias diferentes: avaliação por opinião de especialista, aplicação da biblioteca em um projeto real, experimento com usuários e avaliação heurística. As quatro avaliações tiveram resultados satisfatórios sendo que as duas primeiras avaliaram conceitos técnicos e de implementação, e as duas últimas avaliaram conceitos de usabilidade. Ajudaram também na confecção de um conjunto de protodiretrizes para a escolha dos modos de tratamento, e mostraram que a biblioteca OfflineManager atinge o objetivo de fornecer tratamento para uso em modo offline, tratando a camada de interface de forma a melhorar a usabilidade, ajudando também no atendimento de algumas heurísticas de usabilidade. Algumas ameaças a validade podem ser listadas para as avaliações propostas, bem como trabalhos futuros que foram identificados durante o processo, baseados nas limitações apresentadas pela solução proposta. Dentre eles, podem ser mencionados tanto melhorias na biblioteca em si, como possibilidade de customização maior dos feedbacks, quanto expansão das avaliações realizadas, a fim de aprimorar os processos utilizados, ou firmar diretrizes consolidadas para utilização da biblioteca.

Mobile devices and mobile computing have made tremendous advances and become ubiquitous in the last few years. As a result, the landscape has become seriously fragmented which brings lots of challenges for the mobile development process. Whilst native approach of mobile development still is the predominant way to develop for a particular mobile platform, recently there is shifting towards cross-platform mobile development as well. In this thesis, a survey of the literature has been performed to see the trends in cross-platform mobile development over the last few years. With the result of the survey, it is argued that the web-based approach and in particular, hybrid approach, of mobile development serves the best for cross-platform development. Using the hybrid approach, a prototype application has also been developed and built into native application for different platforms. This has helped to get a better insight about the domain of cross-platform mobile development and its main advantage of the unification of the development and testing process. The results of this work indicate that even though cross platform tools are not fully matured they show great potential and reduce the cost associated in developing native mobile applications. Cross-platform mobile development is equally suitable for rapid development of high-fidelity prototypes of the mobile application as well as fairly complex, resource intensive mobile applications on its own right. As the upcoming future trends and the evolution of HTML5 continues to redefine the web, allowing its growth as a software platform, there remains great opportunities for cross-platform mobile development and hence provides an attractive alternative for the native mobile development.

Rapporten handlar om tidrapportering för konsulter och hur den kan kunna underlättas. Tidrapportering är ett måste för alla personer som arbetar i konsultbranschen. I dagens samhälle finns det problem med tidrapportering då anställda anser att det är ansträngande och ser det som extra arbete. Det är en utmaning för företag att lyckas med att få sina anställda att rapportera korrekt. Om rapporteringen inte sker på ett korrekt sätt kan detta få stora ekonomiska konsekvenser. Syftet med rapporten är att underlätta tidrapporteringen för konsulter. Detta genom att utveckla en mobil IT-artefakt. Applikationen som utvecklas ska fungera som ett stöd till tidrapportering och målet är att användaren ska interagera med applikationen så lite som möjligt. Artefakten som utvecklas är en mobilapplikation som använder sig av mobilens GPS-funktion. Action Design Research (ADR) är forskningsmetoden som används för att genomföra detta arbete. Denna rapport bygger på ett case i samarbete med konsultföretaget Knowit. Resultatet utmynnar i en IT-artefakt och 10 designprinciper om hur utvecklandet av en sådan applikation kan gå tillväga. / This thesis handles the area around time reporting within the consulting field and how it can be facilitated. Time reporting is a must for every employee in the consulting business. In today’s society, a problem exists as the employees sees this to be a demanding extra chore. To manage employees to execute this is a challenge for every business. If this is not done correctly, the business can face huge economic consequences. The purpose with this thesis is to facilitate time reporting for consultants. This will be done by developing a Mobile IT-Artifact. The application which will be developed will serve as a support for time reporting and its goal is to minimize the human-computer interaction. The artefact that will be developed uses the phones build in GPS function to achieve this. Action Design Research (ADR) is the research method used to complete the development of the artifact and the thesis. This thesis is built around a case in cooperation with the consulting company Knowit. The result of this essay will generate an IT-artifact along with 10 design principles which provides guidelines on how to develop a system of similar character

During the last ten years the market for smartphones has grown drastically. Because of the current state of the market with different operating systems many smartphone applications need to be developed for several platforms. With this thesis, the goal was ultimately to contribute to the understanding of cross-platform development as a way of developing smartphone applications. React Native has been evaluated as a framework with which development is done for both Android and iOS using the same code. To study React Native as a framework, a smartphone application for Android and iOS was developed at an Uppsala based IT-company with expertise in web services, smartphone applications, and online gaming. Furthermore, performance tests and user tests were conducted in which React Native was compared to native applications and applications developed using Xamarin (similar cross-platform development framework owned by Microsoft). It was evident that using the same code for both Android and iOS was time saving. However, the performance tests results showed that applications developed with React Native did not perform as well as the native and Xamarin versions. Leading to the conclusion that choice of framework when developing cross-platform applications need to take into consideration performance, development time, and programming language preference.

Today, there are a handful of different platforms for mobile phones. Writing an application natively for each mobile operating system is time consuming and expensive. This situation has created a need for using cross-platform frameworks, that allow programmers to create an application once and run it on all platforms. The problem is that it is not certain whether cross-platform apps can fully replace native ones, or if by using cross-platform tools some desired qualities are lost. Investigating this issue would allow to find out which one of these two application development methods is better, or in which situation it is better to choose one over the other. Such knowledge would allow to decrease development time and costs. Companies that create mobile applications on a daily basis have expertise in this area. Thus, thirteen interviews were done with thirteen distinct businesses in order to research this problem. The results showed that native development produces higher quality applications, but there are some situations where it might be better to use cross-platform frameworks.

Inom rådgivningsbranschen finns ett ökat behov av bra hjälpmedel för att underlätta rådgivarnas arbete med dokumentation och arkivering av information som uppkommer vid rådgivningssituationer. Målet med examensarbetet var att kunna presentera en färdigställd iOS applikation som erbjuder en lösning på problemet med hjälp av ljudupptagningar. Utifrån en modellerad processbild över systemet togs en kravspecifikation fram. Metoden som användes i projektet har varit en Scrum inspirerad utvecklingsprocess. Först togs en prototyp fram med hjälp av en Storyboard. Därefter fick varje vy utgöra en sprint i utvecklingsprocessen. Utvecklingen skedde med hjälp av utvecklingsmiljön Xcode. De inbyggda verktygen för enhetstestning samt automatiserade gränssnittstester har använts för att säkerställa att funktionaliteten överensstämmer med kraven. Vid utvecklingen användes även tekniker för Objektorienterad design samt användning av designmönster som t.ex. Model, View, Controller (MVC).Resultatet blev en fullt funktionell iOS applikation som kommunicerar med en bakomliggande webbtjänst för att kunna erbjuda den efterfrågade funktionaliteten. Applikationen presenteras i ett stilrent och lättnavigerat grafiskt gränssnitt som är enkelt för användaren att använda. Applikationen erbjuder funktionalitet för att rådgivare skall kunna logga in i applikationen, söka efter kunder, se rådgivningshistorik, välja olika formulär och spela in rådgivningssamtal som sker med kunden. Slutligen säkerställer applikationen rådgivningen genom att ladda upp rådgivningsfilerna till webbtjänsten som arkiverar och distribuerar ljudfilerna till berörda parter. Applikationen finns tillgänglig för både iPhone och iPad och stödjer iOS-versioner från om med iOS 5 vilket gör att applikationen kan nå ca 98,5% av marknaden för dessa enheter. / In the counseling industry, there is a greater need for good tools to facilitate advisors work with documentation and archiving of information arising from the counseling situations. The aim of this thesis was to present a finalized iOS application that offers a solution to the problem by using sound recording. Based on a modeled process image of the system, a requirement specifi-cation was developed. The methodology of the project has been a Scrum inspired line of development. First a prototype was developed by using a Storyboard. Thereafter, each was represented by a sprint in the devel-opment process. The development was done using the development environment Xcode. The built-in tools for unit testing and automated interface testing has been used to ensure that the functionality complies with the requirements. The development also used techniques for objectoriented design and the use of design patterns, such as Model, View, Controller (MVC).The result was a fully functional iOS application that communicates with an underlying web service to provide the sought-after functionality. The application is presented in a stylish and easy-to-navigate graphical user interface that is easy for the user to use. The application pro-vides functionality for advisers to log in to the application, search for customers, see consultation history, choose different forms and record a consultation that takes place with a client. Finally, the application ensures the consultation by uploading the consultation files to the web service which archives and distributes audio files to interested parties. The application is available for both iPhone and iPad and supports iOS-versions as from iOS 5 which makes the application available for ap-proximately 98.5% of the market for these devices.

The primary purpose of this thesis is to explore what issues may arise during development of a framework for handling and display of streamed real-time data. In addition to this, it also investigates how the display of different types of data, along with a change of execution platform, impacts execution time. Through the undertaking of two case studies, each split into developmental and an experimental phases, the thesis goes through the development of such a real-time data handling framework. The framework was developed in both stationary and mobile forms, and the developmental issues encountered along each of these paths are highlighted. Afterwards, the results gathered from performance tests run on each framework version were compared, in order to ascertain whether the handling and display of different data types, along with a change in execution platform, had had an impact upon the frameworks execution time. The results from the developmental observations revealed that the most commonly encountered issues were those relating to program latency, commonly due to sub-optimal program architecture along with connectivity issues encountered during data streaming. The second most encountered issue regarded the choice of an appropriate display method, in order to communicate changes in the displayed data along with correlation between several tracked data points. The results from the experimental comparisons revealed that while the impact on execution time caused by the use of calculated data, as opposed to raw data values, was marginal at most, a change of execution platform impacted said time drastically. By porting the framework to the mobile platform, the different processes whose execution time were measured during the tests experienced an increase in execution time ranging from 2405% all the way to 15860%. The authors recommend that the framework be developed towards gaining the ability to connect to any given relational database, and to handle and display the data therein, in order for it to have application areas other than as a test instrument. Further, the authors also recommend that additional tests be run on the framework using a wider variety of stationary and mobile devices, in order to determine whether the conclusions drawn from the results in the thesis hold up in the face of greater hardware variety. / Denna studies primära mål är att utforska vilka problem som kan uppstå under utveckling av ett ramverk för hantering och visande av streamad realtidsdata. Utöver det undersöks även hur visande av olika datatyper, ihop med ett byte av exekveringsplattform, påverkar exekveringstiden. Genom utförandet av två fallstudier, båda uppdelade i utvecklingsoch experimenteringsfaser, går denna studie igenom utvecklingen av ett sådant ramverk för hantering av realtidsdata. Ramverket utvecklades i både stationär och mobil form, och de utvecklingsrelaterade problem som påträffades i vardera fall belyses. Efteråt jämfördes resultaten framtagna genom prestandatester, som kördes på samtliga ramverksversioner, för att upptäcka om hantering och visning av olika datatyper, samt ett skifte av exekveringsplattform, hade påverkat ramverkets exekveringstid. Resultaten från de utvecklingsrelaterade observationerna visade att det mest påträffade problemet hade att göra med programlatens, vanligtvis p.g.a. ickeoptimal programarkitektur kombinerat med konnektivitetsproblem. Det näst mest påträffade problemet hade att göra med valet av en passande visningsmetod, för att kunna förmedla förändringar i den visade datan, samt korrelation mellan flera följda datapunkter. Resultaten från de experimentella jämförelserna visade att medan påverkan av exekveringstiden som uppstått genom användandet av kalkylerad data, till skillnad från rådatavärden, endast var marginell som bäst, påverkade förändringen av exekveringsplattform denna tid drastiskt. Genom att porta ramverket till den mobila plattformen upplevde de processer vars exekveringstid mättes under testerna en ökning från 2405% hela vägen upp till 15860%. Författarna rekommenderar att ramverket utvecklas mot förmågan att koppla till godtycklig databas, och att kunna hantera och visa datan från denna, för att ha ett användningsområde bortom användandet som testinstrument. Vidare rekommenderar även författarna att ytterliggare test utförs på ramverket med en större variation av stationära och mobila enheter, för att kunna bekräfta om slutsatserna som dragits utifrån resultaten av denna studie kvarstår efter att de utsatts för mer varierande hårdvara.

Целью работы является разработка приложения для подбора пары домашним животным. Объектом исследования являются мобильные приложения на базе операционной системы Android. Методы исследования включают: анализ, сравнение и обобщение данных о существующих веб-сервисах по уходу и разведению домашних животных; апробация современных технологий мобильной разработки. Результатом работы является разработанное приложение, включающее в себя серверную часть с автоматической обработкой PDF-файлов и клиентской в виде Android-приложения. / The goal of the work is to develop an application for matching pets. The object of the study is mobile applications based on the Android operating system. Research methods include: analysis, comparison and synthesis of data on existing web services for the care and breeding of pets; testing of modern mobile development technologies. The result of the work is a developed application, which includes a server part with automatic processing of PDF files and a client part in the form of an Android application.