The murders and suspicious disappearances of women across Canada over the past forty years have received considerable national attention in the past decade. The disappearances and murders of scores of women in British Columbia, Alberta and Manitoba have highlighted the vulnerability of women to extreme violence. Girls and women of Aboriginal ethnicity have been disproportionally affected in all of these cases and have high rates of violent victimization. The current socio-economic situation faced by Aboriginal women contributes to this. To provide publicly available data of missing and murdered women in Canada, a database was created containing details of 3,329 women, including 824 who are Aboriginal. There are key risk factors that increase the probability of experiencing lethal violence: street prostitution, addiction and insecure housing. The vast majority of sex workers who experience lethal violence are street prostitutes. The dissertation examines the legal status and forms of prostitution in Canada and internationally, as well as the individual and societal impacts of prostitution. A review of current research on violence and prostitution is presented. The thesis provides summaries from 150 serial homicide cases targeting prostitutes in Canada, the U.S., and the U.K. The trends and questions posed by these cases are identified. The cases of the missing women of Vancouver and Robert Pickton are detailed. The key findings from the provincial inquiry into the missing women cases and an analysis of the most egregious failings of the investigations (Projects Amelia and Evenhanded) are discussed. Frequently encountered challenges and common errors, as well as investigative opportunities and best practices of police, and other initiatives and recommendations aimed at non-police agencies are evaluated. The three other RCMP-led projects, KARE, DEVOTE and E-PANA, which are large, dedicated units focused on vulnerable women, are assessed. All Canadian women deserve to live free of violence. For women with vulnerable life histories, violence is a daily threat and a common occurrence. More must be done to prevent violence and to hold offenders responsible when violence has been done. This dissertation is a plea for resources and attention; to turn apathy into pragmatic, concrete action founded on solid evidence-based research.

The murders and suspicious disappearances of women across Canada over the past forty years have received considerable national attention in the past decade. The disappearances and murders of scores of women in British Columbia, Alberta and Manitoba have highlighted the vulnerability of women to extreme violence. Girls and women of Aboriginal ethnicity have been disproportionally affected in all of these cases and have high rates of violent victimization. The current socio-economic situation faced by Aboriginal women contributes to this. To provide publicly available data of missing and murdered women in Canada, a database was created containing details of 3,329 women, including 824 who are Aboriginal. There are key risk factors that increase the probability of experiencing lethal violence: street prostitution, addiction and insecure housing. The vast majority of sex workers who experience lethal violence are street prostitutes. The dissertation examines the legal status and forms of prostitution in Canada and internationally, as well as the individual and societal impacts of prostitution. A review of current research on violence and prostitution is presented. The thesis provides summaries from 150 serial homicide cases targeting prostitutes in Canada, the U.S., and the U.K. The trends and questions posed by these cases are identified. The cases of the missing women of Vancouver and Robert Pickton are detailed. The key findings from the provincial inquiry into the missing women cases and an analysis of the most egregious failings of the investigations (Projects Amelia and Evenhanded) are discussed. Frequently encountered challenges and common errors, as well as investigative opportunities and best practices of police, and other initiatives and recommendations aimed at non-police agencies are evaluated. The three other RCMP-led projects, KARE, DEVOTE and E-PANA, which are large, dedicated units focused on vulnerable women, are assessed. All Canadian women deserve to live free of violence. For women with vulnerable life histories, violence is a daily threat and a common occurrence. More must be done to prevent violence and to hold offenders responsible when violence has been done. This dissertation is a plea for resources and attention; to turn apathy into pragmatic, concrete action founded on solid evidence-based research.

Violence against Indigenous women and girls is an unacceptable tragedy in Canada. The 2019 Final Report of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls concluded Canada is guilty of "a race-based genocide of Indigenous Peoples ... which especially targets women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people." Using an intersectional feminist research ethic, I undertake a critical discourse analysis to determine in what ways key concepts such as national myth, dismissals of harm against Indigenous peoples, and conceptualizations of genocide influenced the reactions of the five major federal political parties to the Final Report. I review the parties' respective commitments to action by analyzing their 2021 electoral platforms and compare their discourse in the wake of the release of the Final Report with their official platform commitments. In essence, the research's empirical contribution shows an enabling self-confirming relationship between the key concepts present in political discourse in response to the Final Report and a political party's path forward when it comes to addressing violence against Indigenous women and girls.

The aim of this bachelor thesis was to examine how news journalism represented the two swedish journalists Kim Wall and Nils Horner, when describing their posthumous reputation after they were murdered during assignments. The research questions examined were: How does the journalism, in describing their posthumous reputations, portray the story of Kim Wall, and Nils Horner? What differences and similarities can be found in how they are portrayed as journalists, and as victims? We used Faircloughs critical discourse analysis (CDA) to find reoccurring discourses in the description of Horner and Wall. By examining the characteristics they were assigned and what conclusions the audience were offered to draw about their journalistic competence and about them as victims of murder, we found many similarities between Horner and Wall. They are both described as exceptionally competent. They are also portrayed as born with a “calling” towards the journalistic profession, and in both cases, they are ascribed with next to supernatural characteristics. As victims of murder we found them to be portrayed as idealistic, with some variations in relation to the description of the content of their character, and where the murder took place. Our study shows that the discourses we found contribute to the creation of heroic myths in the news journalisms description of them. They are elevated, and our conclusion is that by elevating their murdered colleagues as heroes, the news journalists are also elevating themselves and, in turn, the journalistic profession.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:18:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PATRiCIA CHANELY SILVA RICARTE.pdf: 1302489 bytes, checksum: be95cb02270e98d720c0137835469038 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-21 / In this thesis we analyze the fictional images of the idea of art that may be deduced from Lúcio Cardoso s Crônica da casa assassinada (The murdered house chronicle). Taking Nina s (the protagonist) constitution in the main narratives of the book as the starting point, we attempt to establish a sort of analogy between the artistic and the philosophical thoughts about art in order to propose a reflection on the relationships between two kinds of knowledge. Therefore, starting from a perspective in which Nina consists of the literary image of the philosophical idea of art, in the first chapter, a comparative study between the conjectures surrounding this character is undertaken through four narrators in the novel (Timóteo, Betty, Ana and André) and the views of four philosophers about the work of art (Plato, Kant, Nietzsche and Heidegger). Throughout this study, we have focused on the relationship between beauty and truth, which is the main aspect of the philosophical discussion on art, and is also, from our perspective, symbolized by Nina in Crônica da casa assassinada. In the second chapter we discuss the question of art s death decreed by Hegel, so that we attempt to reveal the relationship between such questions and Lúcio Cardoso s concept of the tragic in his most important novel. Based on the philosophical and anthropological view of the tragic, and taking important authors such as Werner Jaeger, Albin Lesky, Gerd Bornheim and Emil Staiger s points of view, we have studied the discourses on death which are brought up in Crônica da casa assassinada in order to verify the perspectives of each one of the narrators that were studied related to the question of transcendence, here considered in his deep linkage to the religious basis of art. In the third chapter we attempt to defend the notion of art as a project which, from our perspective, encompasses the widest sense of Lúcio Cardoso s work. Considered from an existentialist point of view with a sartrean and heideggerian basis, the project consists in the possibility of the author s self-excelling in the sense that he reveals his personal truth through a fragmented and multifaceted thinking developed as a novel and, at the same time, constructs a new idea of man, having to revitalize or even threaten the so dear in his highly Christian view existence of God in order to reach such aim. / Nesta dissertação, procedemos a uma análise das imagens ficcionais da idéia de arte que podem ser depreendidas do romance Crônica da casa assassinada, de Lúcio Cardoso. A partir da constituição da protagonista Nina nas mais importantes narrativas que compõem essa obra, procuramos estabelecer uma espécie de analogia entre o pensamento artístico e o pensamento filosófico sobre a obra de arte, de modo a propor uma reflexão em torno das relações entre esses dois tipos de conhecimento. Assim, partindo do ponto de vista segundo o qual Nina consiste em imagem literária da idéia filosófica de arte, empreendemos, no primeiro capítulo, um estudo comparativo entre as conjecturas em torno dessa personagem por quatro narradores do romance (Timóteo, Betty, Ana e André) e as visões de quatro filósofos sobre a obra de arte (Platão, Kant, Nietzsche e Heidegger). Em todos os tópicos dessa análise, nosso foco é a relação entre beleza e verdade, que é o principal aspecto da discussão filosófica sobre a arte, e que, a nosso ver, é simbolizada por Nina em Crônica da casa assassinada. No segundo capítulo, desenvolvemos uma discussão em torno do problema da morte da arte decretada por Hegel, procurando lançar uma luz sobre a relação entre tal problema e a concepção trágica assumida por Lúcio Cardoso nesse que é o seu mais importante romance. Com base no sentido filosófico e antropológico do trágico, a partir de autores como Werner Jaeger, Albin Lesky, Gerd Bornheim e Emil Staiger, investigamos os discursos sobre a morte que aparecem em Crônica da casa assassinada, a fim de verificar a posição de cada um dos narradores estudados em relação ao problema da transcendência, que aqui é considerado em seu vínculo com o fundamento religioso da arte. No terceiro capítulo, procuramos defender a noção de arte como projeto, que, na nossa opinião, recobre o sentido mais amplo da obra de Lúcio Cardoso. Considerado a partir de um ponto de vista existencialista de base sartreana e heideggeriana, o projeto vem a consistir na possibilidade de auto-superação por parte do escritor no sentido de, mediante um pensamento fragmentado e multifacetado, desenvolvido em termos de romance, desvendar a sua verdade pessoal e, ao mesmo tempo, construir uma nova idéia de homem, tendo que, para isso, relativizar ou mesmo colocar em xeque a existência de Deus, tão cara à sua visão eminentemente cristã.

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In dieser Studie wird erstmals die Frage untersucht, wie das Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas in Berlin auf die Besucher wirkt. Dafür wird eine quantitative Befragung von 500 Besuchern durchgeführt. Zunächst werden die Erinnerungskulturtheorien von Jan und Aleida Assmann und Horst-Alfred Heinrich vorgestellt. Anschließend wird das Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas örtlich und zeitlich eingebunden, indem das Konzept des repräsentativen öffentlichen Raums eingeführt und die Erinnerung an die Opfer des Holocaust in der Bundesrepublik und der DDR beleuchtet werden. Es folgt die Darstellung der Entstehung des Denkmals. Über die Rezeption von Denkmälern existieren in den Sozialwissenschaften bisher keine Theorien. Daher wird auf die kunstsoziologische Theorie von Pierre Bourdieu, auf eine Studie über die Wirkung von Gedenkstätten von Bert Pampel und auf eine Untersuchung über die emotionale Wirkung von Gemälden von Dorothée Halcour zurückgegriffen. Für die Untersuchung wird angenommen, dass sich die Besucher aufgrund ihres Bildungsgrades, ihrer Nationalität, ihres Alters und ihres Sozialisationsortes in ihren Reaktionen auf das Denkmal unterscheiden. Weiterhin wird angenommen, dass die Umstände des Denkmalbesuchs die Wirkung des Denkmals beeinflussen. Die Befragung zeigt: Personen mit niedrigerem Bildungsgrad konnten sich das Denkmal seltener erschließen als Personen mit höherem Bildungsgrad. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Teile der Bevölkerung nicht an der Erinnerung an den Holocaust teilhaben können, wenn die Materialisierung der Erinnerung über Kunst geschieht. Die Nationalität beeinflusste wesentlich, wie die Befragten das Denkmal bewerteten: So beurteilten Deutsche das Denkmal häufiger negativ und seltener positiv als Ausländer. Die Ergebnisse der Befragung werden abschließend im Kontext erinnerungspolitischer Debatten diskutiert. / This study asks how the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin affects its visitors. The study comprises a quantitative survey of 500 visitors. First the study introduces the theories of memory by Jan and Aleida Assmann and Horst-Alfred Heinrich. This is followed by the concept of the so-called representative public space that locates the memorial topographically. This chapter also shows the historical context of the memorial. It describes the development processes of earlier monuments to remember the victims of the Holocaust in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic between 1945 and 2005. The study then shows the development process of the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe. There are no theories on the effects of memorials in the social sciences. The study uses Pierre Bourdieu''s theory of art sociology as well as a study on the impact of memorial sites by Bert Pampel and a study on the emotional effects of paintings by Dorothee Halcour as a theoretical frame. The most resultant hypothesises tested by the research state that visitors differ in their reactions to the memorial according to their education, their nationality and their age. Furthermore the study presumes that the circumstances of visiting the memorial affect how people react to the memorial. The results show that visitors with lower levels of education are less often able to develop an understanding of the memorial compared to visitors with a higher education background. The results indicate that these visitors are excluded from the intended remembrance of the Holocaust when the materialization of the memorial is implemented with artistic measures. Nationality plays a significant role too and influences visitors when judging the memorial. Germans more often have negative and less often positive judgements than foreign visitors. Finally the results of the research are discussed in the context of the cultural debate around the significance of memorials.