A recepção à ficção camiliana se subsume fundamentalmente a dois operadores hermenêuticos consagrados por uma parcela significativa da crítica literária luso-brasileira: a conjunção vida/obra e o enquadramento da produção literária assinada por Camilo no Romantismo português. Por meio do estudo de dois romances camilianos, Amor de Perdição (1862) e Onde Está a Felicidade?(1856), interessa problematizar a análise da produção ficcional camiliana que se baseia nesses operadores hermenêuticos. Nesse sentido, parte-se das indagações: terá Camilo assimiliado e culminado na tradição literária portuguesa a sacralização do amor? Será Camilo essencialmente um escritor ultra-romântico, autor, sobretudo, de novelas passionais? A resposta dada a essas questões se baseou na relação entre esses textos e a vigorosa tradição literária metaficcional, fortemente enraizada nos períodos que antecedem e sucedem a atuação de Camilo como escritor. A presença dos expedientes metaficcionais em Amor de Perdição e Onde Está a Felicidade revela uma representação mimética que se desdobra em representar o mundo, particularmente o burguês, e os mecanismos que envolvem essa representação, evidenciando uma construção literária que não se limita a criar a sugestão do real, tomando também a sua problematização como eixo. O ato de criar torna-se alvo de questionamento, exigindo dos seus participantes, nomeadamente narrador/autor e leitor, novas posturas mentais em que a origem e a destinação do significado não se apresentam tranquilamente assumidas por aquele e este, respectivamente, derivando desse arranjo um texto em processo, que se constrói, que se assume como mise en scène. / The reception to the camilian fiction is basically due to two hermeneutic operators consecrated by a significant part of the literary Luso-Brazilian critics: the conjunction life/work and the literary production frame signed by Camilo in the Portuguese Romanticism. The observation of Amor de Perdição (1862) and Onde Está a Felicidade? (1856), allows the debate on the analysis of the camilian production that is based on these hermeneutic operators. In this way, we raise some questions: has Camilo assimilated and culminated in the Portuguese literary tradition the religion of love? Is Camilo essencially an extreme-romantic writer, especially a romantic novels author? The answer given to these questions was based on the relation between these texts and the vigorous metafictional literary tradition, strongly rooted in the periods that precede and succeed Camilos performance as a writer. The occurrence of the metafictional expedients in Amor de Perdição and Onde Está a Felicidade? discloses a mimetic representation that unfolds into representing the world, particularly the bourgeois, and the mechanisms that involve this representation, evidencing a literary construction that is not limited to create the suggestion of reality, as well as taking its debate as base. The action of creating becomes a target to questioning, demanding from its participants, nominated narrator/author and reader, new mental positions in which the origin and the destination of its meaning are not completely assumed for the author and the reader, respectively, deriving from this arrangement a text in process, that constructs itself is assumed as mise en scène.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jeane Lucas.pdf: 868815 bytes, checksum: 28a75baf27ad1a2c184ef9d159a851d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-06 / Literary production of the nineties and the early years of the twenty-first century is characterized the release of some literary genres, specifically what Literary Theory defined as being a novel, which do not fit the standards of Classical Literature or the peculiarities of the so-called Best Sellers. Therefore, this thesis has as its object of study the book Leopardos de Kafka, by Moacyr Scliar, which is part of the collection of detective novels Literature and Death, released by the publisher Companhia das Letras. This study aims to show the narrative resources and how they were used in the novel aforementioned, so that we can show that they break the existing boundaries between Classical Literature and Best Sellers and the standards of the traditional detective novel. For this objective to be achieved, the theoretical foundation of this thesis was based, mainly, on studies of the detective novel, done by Boileau and Narcejac (1991), Albuquerque (1979), Reimão (1983, 2005) and others; in researches on Best Sellers, done by Sodré (1978), Caldas (2000) among others and on studies of Historiographic Metafiction, postmodernism and narcissistic narrative, made by Hutcheon (1984, 2002). / O panorama da produção literária da década de noventa e dos primeiros anos do século XXI é marcado pelo lançamento de alguns gêneros literários, especificamente o que a Teoria Literária definiu como sendo romance, que não se ajustam nem às regras da Literatura Culta nem às peculiaridades do que se convencionou chamar de Literatura de Massa. Por isso, esta tese tem como objeto de estudo o livro Leopardos de Kafka, de Moacyr Scliar, pertencente à coleção de romances policiais Literatura ou Morte, lançada pela editora Companhia das Letras. O presente estudo objetiva mostrar os recursos narrativos e o modo como estes foram empregados, no romance citado, a fim de que se possa evidenciar que eles rompem com as fronteiras existentes entre a Literatura Culta e a Literatura de Massa e com as regras do romance policial tradicional. Para que esse objetivo fosse alcançado, a fundamentação teórica desta tese foi baseada, principalmente, nos estudos sobre o romance policial, feitos por Narcejac (1991), Albuquerque (1979), Reimão (1983, 2005) e outros; nas pesquisas sobre Literatura de Massa, realizadas por Sodré (1978), Caldas (2000) e outros e nos estudos sobre Metaficção Historiográfica, pós-modernismo e narrativa narcísica, realizados por Hutcheon (1984, 2002).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Beatriz Chacur Biasotto Mano.pdf: 1462970 bytes, checksum: 9f7ffd171c7d3d7a813fb9eb5ff07146 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis aims at presenting a clinical model that we call the Clinic of the Container. As Clinic of the Container we formulate a psychoanalytic perspective in which the focus of attention is shifted to the Ego/Self, taking as a vertex the structure and function of psychic containment. We propose to make the containing structure of the Ego/Self an object of listening and clinical intervention: a listening, sensitive to the effects of its deformations and malformations that invariably arise in the clinic, and to intervene in order to promote changes in the containing structure of the Ego/Self. The thesis proposes the development of some metapsychological and conceptual foundations and clinical concepts underlying the clinical model proposed here: a metapsychological conception of the psychic apparatus from the perspective of psychic spatiality and its relation to the containing structure of the self, and a genetic metapsychology of the self as containing structure. Then we will present, through clinical material, the Clinic of the Container. Along the way, we will make ourselves heirs to Bion and Didier Anzieu / Esta tese tem como propósito a apresentação de um modelo de clínica que denominamos Clínica do Continente. Como Clínica do Continente formulamos uma perspectiva da clínica psicanalítica em que o foco da atenção é deslocado para o Eu, tendo como vértice sua estrutura e sua função de continente psíquico. Propomos fazer da estrutura continente do Eu um objeto de escuta e intervenção clínica: escuta sensível aos efeitos de suas deformações e más-formações que invariavelmente se apresentam na clínica, e intervir no sentido de promover transformações da estrutura continente do Eu. A tese propõe-se à elaboração de alguns fundamentos metapsicológicos e conceituais subjacentes ao modelo clínico aqui proposto: uma concepção metapsicológica do aparelho psíquico sob a perspectiva da espacialidade psíquica e sua relação com a estrutura continente do Eu; e uma metapsicologia genética do Eu como estrutura continente. Em seguida apresentaremos, através de material clínico, a Clínica do Continente. Nesse percurso, nos faremos herdeiros de Bion e Didier Anzieu

Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre de la psychopathologie clinique et propose une articulation entre les données des neurosciences et la clinique rencontrée dans un CSAPA.Une première partie s'intéresse à la phénoménologie du processus addictif avec ses phases successives aboutissant à une demande de soins suite à l'aliénation finale produite par la consommation de drogue. Cette demande de soins est, généralement, d'abord le recours à un traitement de substitution qui s'accompagne parfois d'un suivi psychologique.Dans une seconde partie, l'hypothèse sur la genèse de l'addiction concernant la vulnérabilité narcissique repérée chez les patients et ses soubassements neurobiologiques sont abordés. La prise de drogue serait une façon de faire émerger le vrai-self en surmontant le système défensif mis en place pour se protéger des traumatismes induit par l'environnement primaire. Un premier cas clinique est exposé en détail afin d'apporter la preuve d'existence de traumatisme, y compris transgénérationnel, et du déroulement implacable de l'addiction. D'autres cas cliniques suivent, centrés sur une dimension ou un moment particulier du suivi, pour illustrer d'autres aspects du processus addictif. L'impact neurobiologique des traumas est également développé, ce qui permet de l'articuler avec plusieurs concepts, en particuliers winnicottien.Une troisième partie propose plusieurs fonctions à l'addiction (rôles défensif, antidépressif et de régulation affective) avec des exemples cliniques et les bases neuroscientifiques actuellement connues. Bien que l'expérience de la clinique psychanalytique soit à un niveau de complexité bien supérieur à ce qui est aujourd'hui accessible aux neurosciences, la plupart des recherches dans ce domaine vont dans le sens de la compréhension psychologique des processus addictifs.Pour terminer, sont tracés les grands traits d'un modèle hypothétique de l'addiction aux drogues et les points les plus sensibles concernant l'accompagnement thérapeutique. / This thesis, fit into the framework of clinical psychopathology, proposes an articulation between data of the neurosciences and the practice met in a CSAPA.The first part is devoted to the phenomenology of the addicting process with its successive phases that end in a request of care as a response to the final alienation produced by drug use. This request of care is, generally, at first, a request for a substitution treatment, which sometimes comes along with a psychological follow-up.In the second part, the hypothesis on the addiction’s genesis regarding the narcissistic vulnerability spotted in patients and their neurobiological bases is examined. Drug use would be a way to make arise the true self, thus overcoming the defensive system set up to protect oneself from traumas induced by the first environment. A first detailed clinical example represents an attempt to establish the existence of trauma, including of transgenerational origin, and the associated unrelenting course of addiction. Other clinical cases are examined, centered on a different aspect or on a specific moment of the support encounters, in order to illustrate other aspects of the addicting process. The neurobiological impact of traumas is also developed, that allows to articulate it with several concepts, particularly those of Winnicott.The third part proposes several functions to the addiction (defensive and anti-depressive roles, emotional regulation) with clinical examples and the neuroscientific bases currently known. Although experience in the psychoanalytical clinic is at a level of complexity much higher than what is currently accessible to the neurosciences, most of the research in this domain stay in line with psychological understanding of the addicting process.Finally, a hypothetical model of addiction in drugs and the most sensitive points concerning the therapeutic support are outlined.

Personality disorders have traditionally been considered refractory to psychological interventions. Two of the most common, and potentially harmful personality disorders are antisocial personality disorder / psychopathy, and narcissism. Although a great deal of conceptual overlap exists between psychopathy and narcissism, the empirical study of these constructs has proceeded largely independently of one another. Further complicating the discrimination of these constructs is the identification of the bi-factorial nature of psychopathy - conceptualised as primary and secondary psychopathy - as well as the identification of two distinct forms of narcissism, overt and covert. The recent resurgence of interest in the sub-clinical manifestations of these two constructs has led to the development of a number of easily administered instruments to measure each of the psychopathy and narcissism constructs, as dimensional traits, within normal populations. This has provided empirically validated and reliable instruments to further explicate these two overlapping constructs. The first of the two studies reported sought to discriminate between psychopathy and narcissism through the recharacterisation of these constructs in terms of the early maladaptive schemas outlined in Young’s early maladaptive schema theory (Young, 1999). Two hundred and ninety one participants completed questionnaires measuring primary and secondary psychopathy, overt and covert narcissism, and early maladaptive schemas. Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that psychopathy and narcissism are discriminable in cognitive-interpersonal terms, as operationalised by early maladaptive schemas. Findings also call into question the earlier observed hierarchical structure of the Young Schema Questionnaire. The current analysis identified a two-factor structure to the schema questionnaire, rather than the previously stated 5-factors. Having demonstrated the usefulness of understanding psychopathy and narcissism in cognitive-interpersonal terms, the second study sought to further clarify the association between psychopathy and narcissism through the reconceptualisation of these constructs in cognitive terms, through the identification of the cognitive distortions operative in each disorder. One hundred and thirty two participants completed a cognitive distortions questionnaire developed by the author, along with the same measures of primary and secondary psychopathy, and overt and covert narcissism, as those administered in study 1. Findings were interpreted as providing support for the notion of psychopathy representing a sub-category of narcissism. Findings also provide further supportive evidence for the validity of the primary / secondary psychopathy, and overt / covert narcissism distinctions. The further clarification of the factor structure of the Young Schema Questionnaire, and the replication of the reliability and construct validity of the measure of cognitive distortions developed for this research are highlighted as areas for future research.

Målet med vår studie var att studera sambandet mellannarcissistiska personlighetsdrag och det nya fenomenetsociala medier och deras samband med självkänsla. Vårhypotes var att det finns ett positivt samband mellannarcissistiska personlighetsdrag och aktivitet på socialamedier. I vår internetbaserade enkätundersökning deltog 190universitetsstudenter. Enkäten mätte deltagarnas aktivitet påsociala medier, självkänsla via Rosenbergs Self Esteem Scaleoch narcissistiska personlighetsdrag via NPI-16. Resultatetvisade att personer med mer narcissistiska personlighetsdragvar mer aktiva på sociala medier genom att publicera flerbilder och oftare statusuppdatera på Facebook. Personer medlägre självkänsla var mer aktiva på Twitter och spenderademer tid på sociala medier. Resultatet speglar tidigareforskning inom ämnet, dock är vår studie den första somgjorts med svenska deltagare. Vår slutsats är att vilken typ avaktivitet man utför på sociala medier är viktig vidundersökning av samband med narcissism. / The purpose of our study was to examine the associationbetween narcissistic personality traits and the newphenomenon social media and their association with selfesteem.Our hypothesis was that there would be a positivecorrelation between narcissistic personality traits and socialmedia use. We conducted an online-survey in a social mediagroup with 190 Swedish university students. The surveymeasured social media use, self-esteem using the RosenbergsSelf Esteem Scale and narcissistic personality traits using theNPI-16. The results showed that people with morenarcissistic personality traits more frequently publishedpictures and more often updated their status on Facebook. Italso showed that people with lower self-esteem were moreactive on Twitter and spent more time on social media. Ourresults with Swedish participants were similar to thoseobtained from earlier studies with participants from othercountries. The conclusion is that what kind of activity oneperforms on social media is important when studying theassociation with narcissistic personality traits.

[pt] A finalidade do presente trabalho é a de refletir acerca das mudanças no lugar do analista – e de uma possível complexificação de seu trabalho psíquico – advindas a partir do encontro com a clínica dos sofrimentos narcísico-identitários. Tais pacientes trazem para o campo analítico um tempo anterior à aquisição da linguagem verbal, fazendo com que o analista volte sua escuta para discursos que englobam a totalidade do corpo e incluem ainda o afeto, instaurando novas possibilidades de comunicação. Dentro desta especificidade da clínica, é importante ressaltar a relevância que o objeto e a qualidade da sua resposta ganham, tanto na história pregressa do sujeito quanto na relação analítica, para que os processos de simbolização se desenvolvam e/ou retomem seus rumos. O lugar a ser ocupado pelo analista passa a ter um caráter mais ativo e atento às mensagens em potencial emanadas por outras vias – corpo e afeto. Essa extensão dos dispositivos analíticos abre caminho para pensar a intersubjetividade como momento instaurador da subjetividade, destacando sua importância na clínica, uma vez que esse processo passa necessariamente por um momento essencial de relação com um outro fundamental, que deve auxiliar no reconhecimento de si e no processo de subjetivação. / [en] The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the changes that take place within the analytic setting – and a possible complexification of the analyst s psychic work – when the analysis refers to a narcissistic-identity disorder. These clinical cases confront the analyst with the need to broaden his listening skills to recognize non-verbal communication (body and affect) as messages coming from an ancient time before language acquisition. Considering this form of communication as a specificity of this type of clinical encounter, it is important to highlight the great significance of the object and the quality of his responses in the subject s past history as well as within the analytical relationship to facilitate the development of the symbolization processes and/or to let them resume their course. The analyst plays a more active role within the analytic relationship, being aware of the potential messages originating from other sources – body and affects. The expansion of the analytic method opens the possibility of defining intersubjectivity as a key moment for the construction of the subjectivity. In other words, the process of subjectivation depends on the quality of the relationship established with a fundamental other and it is of utmost importance to recognize its clinical value.

This study examines the relationship between online self-disclosure, grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, Facebook use and frequency of status updates in existing self-report measures among 381 college students. Positive correlations were found between: vulnerable narcissism and Facebook status updates, and Facebook use and online self-disclosure. Following the equalization of the two different narcissism scales, college students scored higher on grandiose narcissism as opposed to vulnerable narcissism, the opposite to what was hypothesized. No correlations were found between: grandiose narcissism and Facebook status updates; grandiose narcissism and self-disclosure; and vulnerable narcissism and self-disclosure. Additionally, college women did not score higher in self-disclosure than men on Facebook. Through additional testing a correlation between vulnerable narcissism and Facebook use was also found. Results were negatively affected by the established grandiose narcissism scale failing reliability testing, thus, in the future, the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) should be used. High religiosity is also known to positively correlate to positive mental health, therefore, in the future using less religiously orientated college students might yield different narcissism level results.

Résumé Le premier article de la thèse se veut une revue systématique des données empiriques mettant en lumière les antécédents à la base de l’émergence du leadership narcissique dans les organisations, ses composantes psychologiques ainsi que ses incidences tant pour les organisations que pour leurs membres. Conséquemment, cette étude brosse initialement une recension détaillée des principaux facteurs idiosyncrasiques, culturels, environnementaux et structurels participant à la manifestation du leadership narcissique dans les organisations. Par la suite, elle en sonde la teneur en isolant l’existence de cinq composantes psychologiques, soit le charisme, l’influence intéressée, la motivation fallacieuse, l’inhibition intellectuelle et la considération simulée. Enfin, elle souligne les conséquences négatives de son actualisation dont les principales sont : la production de prises de décisions volatiles et risquées; la création d’un climat organisationnel toxique; la destruction de la confiance des subordonnés; la détérioration de l’efficacité organisationnelle; l’émergence d’une gestion dysfonctionnelle; et la manifestation de comportements non-éthiques. Le deuxième article s’avère une analyse comparative de deux types de leadership se révélant, de prime abord, trompeusement analogues. Ces deux types sont le leadership transformationnel et le leadership narcissique. Quoique se situant aux antipodes en matière de satisfaction de besoins (influence idéalisée versus influence intéressée), de promotion de visions (motivation inspirationnelle versus motivation fallacieuse), de réceptivité à la rétroaction d’autrui (stimulation intellectuelle versus inhibition intellectuelle) et de traitement des relations interpersonnelles (considération individualisée versus considération simulée), les leaderships transformationnel et narcissique partagent entre eux un élément commun : le charisme du leader. C’est précisément cette dernière caractéristique, conférant à son détenteur un puissant halo magnétisant, qui se révèle le creuset de la spéciosité du leadership narcissique opérant essentiellement lors des tout premiers contacts avec le leader. En fait, le charisme du leader narcissique sert en quelque sorte de fard, composé de charme et de fascination, masquant une décevante réalité psychologique et dont les propriétés captieuses s’étiolent rapidement. Le troisième article de la thèse est une étude conceptuelle examinant la structuration idiosyncrasique des criminels en col blanc ayant commis des fraudes financières se chiffrant à plusieurs dizaines de millions de dollars. Exploitant le croisement des deux dimensions fondamentales de l’agression, soit sa fonction (proactive ou réactive) et sa forme (directe ou indirecte), cette étude propose une taxonomie archétypique de différents types de psychopathie susceptible de mieux cerner la psychologie du criminel en col blanc d’envergure. L’agression est dite proactive lorsqu’elle est motivée par des impératifs de prédation indépendants de l’état émotionnel de l’individu. L’action de l’individu prédateur est intentionnelle et instrumentale. Elle vise l’atteinte d’objectifs préétablis avant l’actualisation de l’agression. Par contre, elle est considérée réactive lorsque la préservation de l’intégrité physique ou psychologique de l’individu est l’objet d’une menace émergeant de son environnement externe immédiat. Dans ce cas, la réaction agressive de l’individu est émotionnellement conditionnée. Par ailleurs, nonobstant la nature de sa fonction, l’agression peut s’exprimer directement ou indirectement. Elle est considérée directe lorsqu’elle a pour cible l’agressé en tant que tel. La forme physique d’agression peut être physique (sévices corporels) ou verbale (menaces et insultes). Par contre, lorsqu’elle emprunte des modes d’expression plus subtils, tels les rumeurs, l’humour malicieux et la tromperie, l’agression est dite indirecte. Le pairage des deux dimensions fondamentales de l’agression permet la construction d’un modèle d’analyse bidimensionnelle englobant quatre types de psychopathie, à savoir les psychopathies parasitique (préservation indirecte), colérique (préservation directe), cynégétique (prédation directe) et sympathique (prédation indirecte). C’est précisément cette dernière forme de psychopathie, le type sympathique caractérisé par un étaiement idiosyncrasique narcissico-machiavélique, qui traduit le mieux la psychologie des criminels en col blanc d’envergure. Enfin, le quatrième et dernier article de la présente thèse se propose d’explorer une problématique de recherche n’ayant reçu que très peu d’attention de la part des membres de la communauté scientifique, à savoir l’examen de l’adéquation d’un modèle dimensionnel du narcissisme pathologique inspiré du modèle développé par Roche, Pincus, Lukowitsky, Ménard et Conroy (2013). Au moyen d’une étude de cas exploratoire, il a été possible d’associer la vulnérabilité narcissique au segment décompensatoire (échec des stratégies inadaptées d’agrandissement de soi) du modèle théorique inspiré de celui de Roche et al. (2013) et ce, conformément à ses prescriptions. En effet, la comparaison des résultats de l’un des deux participants de l’étude, madame H, obtenus lors des deux saisies de données espacées d’un intervalle d’une année, indique une diminution de la vulnérabilité narcissique lors de la période de re-compensation. En outre, cette diminution est accompagnée de celle de la grandiosité narcissique. En somme, la relation positive entre les deux dimensions du narcissisme pathologique se révèle, sur un plan longitudinal, constante dans les deux segments – compensatoire (recours à des stratégies inadaptées d’agrandissement de soi) et décompensatoire – du modèle théorique inspiré de celui de Roche et al. (2013). Par ailleurs, les résultats obtenus auprès des deux participants à l’étude de cas, monsieur B et de madame H, s’avèrent éclairants eu égard à la prépondérance respective de chacune des dimensions (grandiosité et vulnérabilité) narcissiques en fonction des segments compensatoire et décompensatoire du modèle théorique inspiré de celui de Roche et al. (2013). Se trouvant en mode de compensation narcissique lors des deux saisies de données, monsieur B affiche une grandiosité narcissique supérieure à sa vulnérabilité narcissique. Cette constatation respecte en tous points les prescriptions théoriques du modèle. Quant à madame H, qu’elle soit en mode de compensation ou de décompensation narcissique (postulat non démontré eu égard aux prescriptions du modèle théorique utilisé), sa vulnérabilité narcissique demeure constamment plus élevée que sa grandiosité narcissique. Théoriquement, selon les prescriptions du modèle, la prépondérance devrait être observée chez la dimension « grandiosité narcissique » en période de compensation. De toute évidence, les données obtenues auprès de madame H s’écartent de ces prescriptions. / The first article of the thesis offers a systematic review of the empirical data highlighting the precursors to the emergence of narcissistic leadership in organizations, its psychological components, as well as its impact on both organizations and their members. Accordingly, this study begins by compiling a detailed list of the main idiosyncratic, cultural, environmental and structural factors at play in the manifestation of narcissistic leadership in organizations. It then explores their nature by identifying the existence of five psychological components: charisma, self-interested influence, deceptive motivation, intellectual inhibition and simulated consideration. Finally, it underscores the negative consequences of the emergence of narcissistic leadership, including, notably: the production of volatile and risky decision making; the creation of a toxic organizational climate; the destruction of subordinates’ trust; the degradation of organizational effectiveness; the emergence of dysfunctional management; and the manifestation of unethical behaviour. The second article proposes a comparative analysis of two types of leadership that appear at first glance to be deceptively similar. These two types of leadership are transformational leadership and narcissistic leadership. Although diametrically opposed in terms of the satisfaction of needs (idealized influence versus self-interested influence), the promotion of visions (inspirational motivation versus deceptive motivation), the receptiveness to feedback (intellectual stimulation versus intellectual inhibition) and the treatment of interpersonal relations (individualized consideration versus simulated consideration), transformational and narcissistic leadership share a common element: the charisma of the leader. This charisma places a powerful, magnetic halo on the head of the leader and it is precisely this characteristic that is the crucible of the deceptive attractiveness of narcissistic leadership that is felt upon the very first contact with the leader. In fact, the narcissistic leader’s charisma serves as a sort of mask that combines charm and fascination to conceal a disappointing psychological reality and whose attractive qualities quickly fall away. The third article of the thesis is a conceptual study of the idiosyncratic patterns of white-collar criminals who have committed fraud in the tens of millions of dollars. Based on the intersection of the two basic dimensions of aggression – i.e., its function (proactive or reactive) and its form (direct or indirect), this study proposes an archetypal taxonomy of the different types of psychopathy with a view to gaining a better understanding of the psychology of large-scale white-collar criminals. Aggression is said to be proactive when it is motivated by predatory imperatives that are independent of the individual’s emotional state. The action taken by the predatory individual is intentional and instrumental. Its aim is to meet predetermined objectives prior to the actualization of the aggressive behaviour. On the other hand, it is considered reactive when the preservation of the individual’s physical or psychological integrity is threatened by the immediate, external environment. In this case, the individual’s aggressive reaction is emotionally conditioned. Moreover, notwithstanding the nature of its function, aggression can be expressed directly or indirectly. It is considered direct when it targets the victim specifically. The form of the aggression can be physical (bodily injury) or verbal (threats and insults). On the other hand, when it is expressed in more subtle forms, such as rumours, malicious jokes and deception, the aggression is said to be indirect. Pairing the two main dimensions of aggression allows for the construction of a two-dimensional model of analysis encompassing four types of psychopathy, namely: parasitic psychopathy (indirect preservation), choleric psychopathy (direct preservation), cynegetic psychopathy (direct predation) and sympathetic psychopathy (indirect predation). It is precisely this last form of psychopathy – the sympathetic form characterized by a narcissistic and Machiavellian underpinnings idiosyncratic – that best reflects the psychology of large-scale white-collar criminals. Finally, the fourth and last article of this thesis proposes to explore a research problem that has received very little attention from members of the scientific community, namely how adequate is a dimensional model of pathological narcissism based on the model developed by Roche, Pincus, Lukowitsky, Ménard and Conroy (2013). On the basis of exploratory case study, it was possible to link narcissistic vulnerability to decompensatory segment (failure of maladaptive self-enhancement strategies) of this model. This linkage conforms to the hypothesis of the model. Indeed, the results of one of two study participants, Ms. H, indicate a decrease of narcissistic vulnerability in the re-compensatory period. Furthermore, this decrease is accompanied by a decrease of narcissistic grandiosity. In others words, on a one year longitudinal plane, the positive relationship between the two dimensions (narcissistic grandiosity and vulnerability) of pathological narcissism is found to be constant in two segments – compensation (use of maladaptive self-enhancement strategies) and decompensation – of the theoretical model based on the model of Roche et al. (2013). Moreover, the results for two study participants, Mr. B and Ms. H, prove to be enlightening according to respective preponderance of each narcissistic dimension of theoretical model based on the model developed by of Roche et al. (2013). In tests in 2012 and in 2013, Mr. B displays greater narcissistic grandiosity greater than narcissistic vulnerability, and was deemed to be in compensatory mode. This observation conforms to the hypothesis of the model. As for Ms. H, her narcissistic vulnerability remains consistently much higher than her narcissistic grandiosity. Theoretically, whether she is in narcissistic compensatory or decompensatory mode (unproven assumption in view of the theoretical model used), narcissistic vulnerability should only be dominant in the period of decompensation. Obviously, the results of Ms. H do not conform to the model.

Sur la scène de l’insertion se réactiveraient et se déploieraient les souffrances d’exclusion de certains jeunes, « souffrances narcissiques et identitaires » (R. Roussillon) qui révéleraient un « collapsus topique » (C. Janin) entre les « espaces du lien inter et trans-subjectif et l’espace intra-psychique » (R. Kaës).Le clinicien est alors invité à proposer des dispositifs cliniques susceptibles de libérer la scène de l’insertion des effets mortifères de la répétition traumatique.A partir d’un travail clinique de 20 ans au sein des Missions Locales pour l’insertion des jeunes, qui accueillent tous les ans plus de 1.2 millions de jeunes en France, l’auteur propose la mise en place de dispositifs orioplastiques au sein de ces institutions. Il emprunte à la plasticienne A.Stella la notion d’ « orioplastie », qui associe le grec orio (limite) et plastie, du grec ancien plassein (façonner, mouler), aux origines d’une qualité, la plasticité, la malléabilité. Il étudie trois dispositifs étroitement articulés, un dispositif individuel et deux groupaux et tend à dégager à la fois leurs caractéristiques, en matière d’espace et de temps, qui leur conféreraient une qualité de « medium malléable » (R. Roussillon, M. Milner) et les processus qu’ils permettraient de déployer en matière de « double travail psychique de liaison » (C. Vacheret), en référence à la « double limite » d’ A. Green.Il ouvre ainsi la question d’une éventuelle nouvelle étape de la psychiatrie publique, qui consisterait à se déployer dans les institutions du social et de l’insertion, afin de contribuer à une meilleure prise en compte des questions de la précarité et de l’exclusion, et pose les questions des conditions d’exercice et des limites de ce travail. / The social and professional integration process appears to reactivate exclusion related psychological troubles, defined as the « narcissistic disturbances of the sense of identity » (R. Roussillon) revealing a « topical collapse » (C. Janin) between the « the inter- and trans-subjective and the intra-psychic spaces » (R. Kaës). The role of the clinical psychologist is to propose clinical settings capable of ridding this process of the negative effects of traumatic repetition.The author, based on 20 years of clinical experience in Missions Locales, social structures for reintegration which welcome more than 1.2 million young people in France every year, proposes the deployment in these institutions of orioplastic settings. The notion of « orioplasty » is borrowed from the artist A.Stella who derives the terms from the Greek words orio (limit) and plassein (to shape or mold). The study of three tightly linked protocols, one for individuals and two for groups, simultaneously highlights their characteristics involving space and time, conferring them with the quality of a « pliable medium » (R. Roussillon, M. Milner), and the processes, both psychological and social, involving a « dual mental linking process » (C. Vacheret), in reference to the « double limit » of A. Green, that they permit to establish.Thus, the author raises the question of a new stage in public sector psychiatry which would consist of going into the institutions of social integration in order to better take into account the problems of social insecurity and exclusion, and addresses the question of the conditions and the limits involved in this new approach.