The following paper is a study about how three Swedish workingclass news papers, Arbetet, Norrskensflamman and Ny Dag, describe and stigmatized the common strike braker in may 1931. I chose in particulary this month because of the tradgic events in Ådalen 14th of may 1931, where five citizens got killed by the Swedish military during a friendly demonstration and the strike braker was a part the unrest that was embossed among the organized workers in Sweden.

Author: Camilla Andersson Title: The depiction of female and male elite soccer players in Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter –  A quantitative and discursive analysis of the World Cup 2002 and 2003 Level of education: C Subject: Media and Communication Studies Umeå University: Department of Culture and Media Studies Term: Spring 2004 Pages: 70   The purpose of this essay is that from a gender theoretical and critical discourse analysis perspective  study how the image of the Swedish football national teams and players in the 2002 World Cup (men) and 2003 (women) were constructed in the media coverage. I analyze articles published in Dagens Nyheter, Swedens biggest morningpaper and Aftonbladet, biggest eveningpaper. The method is based on a quantitative content analysis, and critical discourse analysis in which I use van Dijk's analytical approach.   Issues : 1. What constructed the World Cup in 2002 and 2003  players and teams, from a gender theoretical perspective in the mediatexts? 2. Can the constructions in question 1 (with respect to the World Cup, players and teams ) be attributed to a specific gender discourse and how can they then be explained from a discursive perspective?   Both the content analysis and critical discourse analysis points to significant differences in the attention value of the World Cup in 2002 and 2002.   • It differs in structure / presentation of the actual event where mens World Cup is constructed as a dramatic and historically important event. It has an impact on all pages in the paper: debate  culture, news sites as well on the sports pages. Articles about the female players are more concentrated on the sports pages. • The difference in the portrayal of the fotball players. The portraits of the men are elaborate and well researched. The portraits of the women are much thinner, more of haste. The male practitioner depicted additionally as potent and purposeful and may control the narrative about himself. The image of the female practitioner will be that she "corrects herself nicely " after the reporter team. Women players are also asked to comment on other events, for instance the men´s competition, than the direct cause of the text that should be a portrait of the female player. They are also compared to male players . There are also some cases of differences in language use with a tendency to reduction of the female player. Important to remember, however, is that this is only a small number of texts that have been analyzed. Remarkable, however, are the results from the content analysis that there is much greater focus on the team when it comes to the ladies, and more focus on individuals when the men are described . • The difference in the quality of production with respect to the number of articles , number of writers and in the construction of the articles. The number of articles is on average 5 times as many during the 2002 World Cup about Swedish national team (men) compared to the VM 2003 and the women's national team. Articles are also backed up in a greater extent by the factfile, tables and general articles relating to the World Cup. For the ladies it does not exist the same editorial back-up to lift the event to a few levels higher in readers' rankings. Here the focus is most of the game situation and to the team.   Attention value is higher for men, not only in terms of quantity but also in terms of where the texts are published. It is clear that in the material there is a dominance and importance discourse connected to gender in the surveillance of the World Cup.   Keywords: Mass Communication, Gender, Sport, Daily News Paper, World Cup, Attention Value

This thesis puts the European Union’s (EU) normative power in a historical context and combines it with EU’s development of social goals and measures surrounding the turn of the twenty-first century. This provides social normative power to be central phenomenon. The development of EU’s social normative power is analyzed through its founding Treaties. It shows how this development leads to the construction of the European Constitution in the beginning of the twenty-first century. This treaty got rejected by the Netherlands through a national referendum, but was reused almost in its entirety in the Lisbon Treaty only a few years later. Since the development of social normative power and these controversial events have taken place in the same period, the connection between the two is examined. This is done by focusing on the national debate in the Netherlands during the period of the European Constitution and the Lisbon Treaty through newspaper articles that were published at that time. It is researched how social normative power influenced Dutch national debate during the indicated period. This research will show that EU’s social normative power made the lack of democratic capacity of the EU more visible for Dutch citizens and that it contributed to a negative attitude towards the EU.

Denna studie har undersökt med vilket språkbruk samt i vilka diskurser invandrare framställs i Trollhättans lokala tidning åren 1969, 1991 och 2015. Materialinsamlingen tog sin utgångspunkt i ord och fraser som relaterade till invandrare och invandring för att sedan kategoriseras in i olika teman. Utifrån dessa teman identifierades tre olika diskurser – risk, resurs och humanistisk diskurs. Till sist analyserades språkliga variationer mellan de olika nedslagsåren. Genomgående finns det en välvilja gentemot invandrarna, att de acklimatiseras och integreras in i det svenska samhället. Samtidigt konstrueras det i och med detta ett "vi" och "dom"-perspektiv genom språkhandlingar. Överlag privilegieras Sverige, svensk kultur och det svenska språket gentemot invandrarens kultur och språk. När svenskarna som grupp privilegieras i förhållande till en annan grupp innebär det samtidigt att den andra gruppen diskrimineras, vilket i denna studies fall är invandrarna, deras kultur och deras språk. Invandraren tenderar att inte få komma till tals, utan det är istället skribenten som bestämmer vad som är bäst för invandraren i många artiklar och ledare. Invandraren betraktas som en främling och i grupp som homogen utan individuella egenskaper i tidningens språkbruk.

The purpose of this study is to seek answers how editorial leaders reason around the journalistic balance between democracy and market, together with how they create involvement, attraction and increase the loyalty of the newspapers´ subscribers. The theoretical framework was constructed by using social constructionism, agenda setting theory, democracy perspective and commercialization. The scientific method used in this study has been qualitative interviews with editorial leader in four differents newspapers; Svenska Dagbladet, Folkbladet Västerbotten, Sundsvalls Tidning and Göteborgs-Posten. The study shows that the editorial leaders described the democratic mission as the most important in the journalistic assignment. But based on the answers by the respondents there were also tendencies to financial adaptions in the journalistic work in order maintain profitability. The analysis also shows that the quality in the journalistic content was crucial to get subscribers to stay.