Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:38:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 446278.pdf: 919685 bytes, checksum: 085c63b1d67674be24a0064e2174e554 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-04 / The chronicle is in a threshold, because it belongs to the literary scope and to the journalistic production it is published on periodicals and, later, compiled on a book. This assertion is a commonplace, but not very elucidating. This work aims at showing the specifities of this kind of text to understand it and reveal the structural signs of its realizations. To do that some of the Ant?nio Lobo Antunes‟ chronicles were selected: the corpus for analysis is composed by four books from this author - Livro de cr?nicas (1998), Segundo livro de cr?nicas (2002), Terceiros livro de cr?nicas (2005) and Quarto livro de cr?nicas (2011). Through the lecture, it is possible to verify that Lobo Antunes‟ chronicles contain some of the typical tendencies of this textual genre. On the other hand, in a very expressive way, there is the chronicler‟s presence (empirical author), by the textual inscription memories are evocated and considerations are declared, creating a persona. There are, also, the circumstances in which occurs the character‟s figurations. That is how the Ant?nio Lobo Antunes‟s chronicles as a textual genre are established, and this work aims at studying the way on how both tendencies appear in these texts. / A cr?nica est? no limiar, pois pertence ao ?mbito liter?rio e ? produ??o jornal?stica afinal, ? publicada em peri?dicos para, posteriormente, ser compilada em livro. Essa assertiva ? lugar-comum, por?m pouco esclarecedora. O presente trabalho pretende, pois, debru?ar-se sobre o g?nero referido para compreender quais s?o suas especificidades, desvendando as marcas estruturais de suas realiza??es. Para isso, as cr?nicas de Ant?nio Lobo Antunes foram selecionadas: o corpus de an?lise ? composto pelos quatro livros do autor Livro de cr?nicas (1998), Segundo livro de cr?nicas (2002), Terceiro livro de cr?nicas (2005) e Quarto livro de cr?nicas (2011). A partir da leitura, verifica-se que as cr?nicas antunianas d?o eco a algumas das tend?ncias inerentes ao g?nero. Por um lado, de modo mais expressivo, h? a presen?a do cronista (do autor emp?rico) por meio de sua inscri??o textual mem?rias s?o evocadas e reflex?es enunciadas, elaborando uma persona. Por outro lado, h? a deriva ? narratividade, circunst?ncia em que ocorrem figura??es de personagem. ? nesse jogo que a cr?nica de Ant?nio Lobo Antunes e a cr?nica enquanto g?nero estabelece-se, e esta disserta??o pretende, justamente, estudar de que maneira ambas as tend?ncias surgem nos textos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:39:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462366.pdf: 1205024 bytes, checksum: a192c255c0e4ee676223958733f8a89a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / This research consists of a recovery of the life and work of Brazilian, born in the state of Bahia, chronicler Jehov? de Carvalho, his relationship with the city of Salvador and the people who passed or lived there, transformed into characters of his stories. For a better understanding of his story and his critical look over the urban, we went over the chronicles published on the Brazilian newspapers Di?rio de Not?cias, A Tarde and the book A cidade que n?o dorme: cr?nicas noturnas de S?o Salvador da Bahia (The city that does not sleep: nocturnal chronicles of S?o Salvador of Bahia). This paper contemplates readings about the story of the state of Bahia in books and primary sources, which offer information about the urban and social changes of the city of Salvador, with the purpose of understanding the urban metamorphosis and contextualizing the facts narrated by the author. Similarly, we proceeded towards a study of the genre of chronicle itself, in order to support the proposed study. This research consists of a recovery of the life and work of Brazilian, born in the state of Bahia, chronicler Jehov? de Carvalho, his relationship with the city of Salvador and the people who passed or lived there, transformed into characters of his stories. For a better understanding of his story and his critical look over the urban, we went over the chronicles published on the Brazilian newspapers Di?rio de Not?cias, A Tarde and the book A cidade que n?o dorme: cr?nicas noturnas de S?o Salvador da Bahia (The city that does not sleep: nocturnal chronicles of S?o Salvador of Bahia). This paper contemplates readings about the story of the state of Bahia in books and primary sources, which offer information about the urban and social changes of the city of Salvador, with the purpose of understanding the urban metamorphosis and contextualizing the facts narrated by the author. Similarly, we proceeded towards a study of the genre of chronicle itself, in order to support the proposed study / Esta pesquisa consiste em recuperar a vida e obra do cronista baiano Jehov? de Carvalho, na sua rela??o com a cidade de Salvador e com as figuras que por ela transitavam, transformadas em personagens de suas cr?nicas. Para melhor entendermos sua hist?ria e o seu olhar critico sobre o urbano, recorremos ?s cr?nicas publicadas nos jornais Di?rio de Not?cias, A Tarde e ao livro A cidade que n?o dorme: cr?nicas noturnas de S?o Salvador da Bahia. O trabalho contempla leituras sobre a hist?ria da Bahia em livros e fontes prim?rias, que oferecem informa??es sobre as mudan?as urbanas e sociais de Salvador, com a inten??o de entender a metamorfose urbana e contextualizar os fatos narrados pelo cronista. Da mesma forma, procedemos a um estudo do g?nero cr?nica, propriamente dito, para melhor fundamentar o estudo proposto. A relev?ncia desse trabalho reside no seu ineditismo, uma vez que, pela primeira vez na hist?ria da literatura baiana, o percurso de Jehov? de Carvalho ? reconstitu?do e analisado. Assim, a pesquisa resgata as cr?nicas produzidas pelo autor, desconhecidas, inclusive, por muitos baianos. Escrever sobre essa figura do mundo das letras baiano ? reconstruir um caminho de entendimento, express?o e sensibilidade acerca da cidade de Salvador, que n?o pode ser ignorado por quem se interessa pela cultura baiana.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCON_DISSERT.pdf: 2560306 bytes, checksum: 01b4c26da4748508add3442c02e1b43b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In this work, the quantitative analysis of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol (total and HDL) in both rat and human blood plasma was performed without any kind of pretreatment of samples, by using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) combined with multivariate methods. For this purpose, different techniques and algorithms used to pre-process data, to select variables and to build multivariate regression models were compared between each other, such as partial least squares regression (PLS), non linear regression by artificial neural networks, interval partial least squares regression (iPLS), genetic algorithm (GA), successive projections algorithm (SPA), amongst others. Related to the determinations of rat blood plasma samples, the variables selection algorithms showed satisfactory results both for the correlation coefficients (R?) and for the values of root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for the three analytes, especially for triglycerides and cholesterol-HDL. The RMSEP values for glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol-HDL obtained through the best PLS model were 6.08, 16.07 e 2.03 mg dL-1, respectively. In the other case, for the determinations in human blood plasma, the predictions obtained by the PLS models provided unsatisfactory results with non linear tendency and presence of bias. Then, the ANN regression was applied as an alternative to PLS, considering its ability of modeling data from non linear systems. The root mean square error of monitoring (RMSEM) for glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol, for the best ANN models, were 13.20, 10.31 e 12.35 mg dL-1, respectively. Statistical tests (F and t) suggest that NIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate regression methods (PLS and ANN) are capable to quantify the analytes (glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol) even when they are present in highly complex biological fluids, such as blood plasma / No presente trabalho, a an?lise quantitativa de glicose, triglicer?deos e colesterol (total e HDL) em plasma sangu?neo de ratos e humanos foi realizada sem necessidade de pr?tratamentos de amostras, atrav?s do uso da espectroscopia no infravermelho pr?ximo (NIR), aliada a m?todos multivariados. Para tanto, foram comparadas diferentes t?cnicas e algoritmos utilizados para pr?-processamentos de dados, sele??o de vari?veis e regress?es multivariadas, tais como a regress?o por m?nimos quadrados parciais (PLSR), regress?o n?o linear via redes neurais artificiais (ANN), regress?o por m?nimos quadrados parciais por intervalos (iPLS), algoritmo gen?tico (GA), algoritmo das proje??es sucessivas (SPA), entre outros. Para as determina??es em sangue de ratos, os algoritmos de sele??o de vari?veis apresentaram resultados satisfat?rios tanto em rela??o aos coeficientes de correla??o (R?) quanto para os valores de erro quadr?tico m?dio de previs?o (RMSEP) para os tr?s analitos, especialmente para triglicer?deos e colesterol-HDL. Os valores de RMSEP para glicose, triglicer?deos e colesterol-HDL atrav?s do melhor modelo PLS foram de 6,08, 16,07 e 2,03 mg dL-1, respectivamente. Para as determina??es em sangue de humanos, as previs?es atrav?s de modelos PLS apresentaram resultados insatisfat?rios, com comportamento n?o linear e presen?a de bias. A regress?o ANN foi investigada como uma alternativa ao PLS, por sua habilidade de modelar sistemas n?o lineares. O erro quadr?tico m?dio de monitoramento (RMSEM) para glicose, triglicer?deos e colesterol total, para os melhores modelos ANN, foram de 13,20, 10,31 e 12,35 mg dL-1, respectivamente. Testes estat?sticos (F e t) sugerem que a espectroscopia NIR aliada a m?todos de regress?o multivariados (PLS e ANN) possuem capacidade de quantificar os analitos (glicose, triglicer?deos e colesterol) mesmo quando os mesmos est?o presentes em fluidos biol?gicos altamente complexos, como o plasma sangu?neo

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-13T12:25:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sheyla Moreira Gon?alves.pdf: 3716146 bytes, checksum: eaee6e62414cd3d497528f597f1abab5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T12:25:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Sheyla Moreira Gon?alves.pdf: 3716146 bytes, checksum: eaee6e62414cd3d497528f597f1abab5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The use of active packaging incorporated with natural antimicrobials as essential oils (EOs) for food preservation is a modern concept for the food industry. The objective of this study was to characterize cellulose acetate film (CA) incorporated with EOs and their combinations and/or added plasticizer, evaluating the influence of additives on the behavior of these materials. It is characterized as the thickness of the films, visual aspect, chemical structure, surface, mechanical strength, water vapor rate of transmission (WVRT) and antimicrobial activity. Through technique "casting" were obtained films incorporated with 50% (w/v) of EOs oregano or cinnamon or sweet fennel or combinations thereof and/or glycerol (5, 10, 20 and 30% (w/v)). Having as controls only films containing 50% (w/v) glycerol, and CA pure film, a total 41 treatments. The incorporation of EOs did not change the thickness and transparency of the films, but it reduced the WVRT. The color parameters L *, a* and b* were affected by the incorporation with EOs and/or glycerol the films exhibited clear with different colors compared with the AC pure film. Incorporating the most EOs cause increased tensile strength (TS) of the modulus of elasticity (ME) and reduced elongation at break (EB), except for the film with fennel EO (FEO) who presented plasticizer power differing from the other for all the evaluated mechanical parameters. The drilling force (DF) has increased to most films EOs incorporated with the exception of the film incorporated with the three EOs. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that most of the EOs and their combinations did not cause changes in the surface and cross-sectional area of the films, except the film with FEO. In the spectra of infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR), it observed that the interactions between the polymer matrix and most EOs were similar except for the film with FEO. As for the antibacterial efficiency in vitro, only the film incorporated with FEO showed no efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +) and Escherichia coli (Gram +). It was observed that glycerol causes increased thickness and WVRT the AC films, however, the active films with EOs does not modify the parameter to most treatments. Transparency was not affected for most films. The addition of glycerol for most films incorporated with EOs caused reduction of TS, the ME and increased EB and DF. From the SEM pictures it can be observed that the glycerol promoted the emergence of porous structures, networked or compact, depending on the EO concentration and glycerol. The FTIR spectral showed that glycerol has different interactions, depending on the embedded EOs. The antibacterial efficiency of films with EO oregano or cinnamon or oregano more cinnamon has been improved with the presence of glycerol, while the others were not affected. In the face of changes in functional properties observed, it appears that with the additivation materials it is necessary to characterize them to define their applicability / O emprego de embalagens ativas incorporadas com antimicrobianos naturais, como os ?leos essenciais (OEs) para conserva??o de alimentos, representa um conceito moderno para a ind?stria aliment?cia. Objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar filmes de acetato de celulose (AC) incorporados com OEs e suas combina??es e/ou adi??o de plastificante, avaliando as influ?ncias da aditiva??o no comportamento f?sico e mec?nico destes materiais. Caracterizou-se os filmes quanto ? espessura, aspectos visuais, estrutura qu?mica, superf?cie, resist?ncia mec?nica, taxa de transmiss?o ao vapor de ?gua (TTVA) e atividade antimicrobiana. Atrav?s da t?cnica ?casting? foram obtidos filmes incorporados com 50% (p/v) de OEs de or?gano, canela, funcho doce ou suas combina??es e/ou glicerol (5, 10, 20 e 30% (p/v)). Tendo como controles filmes contendo somente 50% (p/v) de glicerol, e filme de AC puro, totalizando 41 tratamentos. A incorpora??o de OEs n?o modificou a espessura e transpar?ncia dos filmes, por?m causou redu??o da TTVA. Os par?metros de cor L*, a* e b* foram afetados pela incorpora??o de OEs e/ou glicerol tendo os filmes apresentado-se claros com diferentes cores em compara??o com o filme de AC puro. A incorpora??o da maioria dos OEs causou aumento da resist?ncia ? tra??o (RT), do m?dulo de elasticidade (ME) e redu??o do alongamento na ruptura (AR), com exce??o para o filme com OE de funcho (OEF) que apresentou poder plastificante diferindo dos demais para todos os par?metros mec?nicos avaliados. A for?a de perfura??o (FP) aumentou para a maioria dos filmes incorporados com OEs, a exce??o do filme incorporado com os tr?s OEs. As imagens de microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV) revelaram que a maioria dos OEs e suas combina??es n?o causaram mudan?as na superf?cie e regi?o transversal dos filmes, a exce??o do filme com OEF. Nos espectros da espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), notou-se que as intera??es entre a matriz polim?rica e a maioria dos OEs foram semelhantes, com exce??o para o filme com OEF. Quanto ? efici?ncia antibacteriana in vitro, somente o filme incorporado com OEF n?o apresentou efetividade contra Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +) e Escherichia coli (Gram -). Foi observado que o glicerol causou aumento da espessura e TTVA nos filmes de AC, por?m, nos filmes ativos com OEs n?o modificou o par?metro para maioria dos tratamentos. A transpar?ncia n?o foi afetada para a maioria dos filmes. A adi??o de glicerol para a maioria dos filmes incorporados com OEs causou redu??o da RT, do ME e aumento do AR e FP. Pelas imagens do MEV observa-se que o glicerol promoveu o surgimento de estruturas porosas, em rede ou compactas, dependendo do OE e concentra??o de glicerol. Os espectros da FTIR demonstraram que o glicerol apresentou diferentes intera??es, dependendo do OE incorporado. A efici?ncia antibacteriana dos filmes com OE de or?gano ou canela ou or?gano mais canela foi melhorada com a presen?a de glicerol, enquanto os demais n?o sofreram influ?ncia. Diante das varia??es nas propriedades funcionais observadas, verifica-se que com a aditiva??o dos materiais ? necess?rio caracteriza??o para definir sua aplicabilidade

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-08-05T22:00:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO_FELIPE_DLA_PPGDCI.pdf: 4763694 bytes, checksum: 6f8b30d04543619f033603fcd6034795 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-05T22:00:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO_FELIPE_DLA_PPGDCI.pdf: 4763694 bytes, checksum: 6f8b30d04543619f033603fcd6034795 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-24 / This dissertation discusses the concepts of accessibility in university space for school inclusion and consequent social inclusion of people with disabilities or reduced mobility through a diagnosis of physical architectural structure, more specifically in the areas of external movement of pedestrian users, conducted in main campus of the State University of Feira de Santana. Were pre-selected nine routes, five parallel and four perpendicular, to cover all locations on campus. The checklist was performed according to ABNT / NBR 9050, which in this study included: structure of sidewalks, parking and access to the building - external circulation; and doors, door handles, ramps, lifts, stairs and toilets - internal circulation of some of the main buildings. Added to this critical / observational analysis, an interview was conducted with 28 people (16 with and 12 without reduced mobility reduced mobility) in order to understand the views of users about the accessibility of the campus in its effective use. We observed any problems as barriers to full accessibility, such as inadequacy, malfunction, or structures in a state of degradation. The majority (60.71%) of research participants do NOT consider the UEFS campus accessible. The creation of accessible routes arises as a possibility adequacy of physical space, in favor of universal design as a way to ensure equal access, independent of personal physical condition. The UEFS, as a public university, owes the commitment to present and implement solutions to this problem in order to make a space that would allow exchanges, encourage the establishment of relationships and reduce the differences as a way of overcoming social inequalities of people physically different, to fulfill its role of social and institutional change agent. / A presente Disserta??o discute os conceitos de acessibilidade no espa?o universit?rio para a inclus?o escolar e consequente inclus?o social, de pessoas com defici?ncia ou mobilidade reduzida atrav?s de um diagn?stico da estrutura f?sico-arquitet?nica em rela??o ? mobilidade, mais especificamente das ?reas de circula??o externa dos usu?rios pedestres, realizado no campus principal da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, em Feira de Santana. Foram pr?-selecionadas nove rotas, cinco paralelas e quatro perpendiculares, de forma a abranger todas as localidades do campus. A lista de verifica??es foi realizada de acordo com a ABNT/NBR 9050, que nesse trabalho incluiu: estrutura de cal?adas, estacionamento e acesso ? edifica??o ? circula??o externa; e portas, ma?anetas, rampas, elevadores, escadas e sanit?rios ? circula??o interna, de alguns dos pr?dios principais. Somado a essa an?lise cr?tica/observacional, uma entrevista foi realizada com 28 pessoas (16 com mobilidade reduzida e 12 sem mobilidade reduzida) a fim de compreender a percep??o dos usu?rios sobre a acessibilidade do campus em sua efetiva utiliza??o. Foram constatados diversos problemas quanto ? acessibilidade plena como obst?culos, inadequa??es, mau funcionamento, ou estruturas em estado de degrada??o. A maioria (60,71%) dos usu?rios participantes da pesquisa N?O considera o campus da UEFS acess?vel. A cria??o de rotas acess?veis surge como uma possibilidade de adequa??o do espa?o f?sico, em prol do desenho universal, como forma de garantir o acesso igualit?rio, independente da condi??o f?sica individual. A UEFS, na condi??o de universidade p?blica, deve o compromisso de apresentar e executar solu??es para essa problem?tica visando tornar-se um espa?o capaz de permitir trocas, estimular o estabelecimento de rela??es e atenuar as diferen?as como forma de supera??o das desigualdades sociais de pessoas fisicamente diferentes, para cumprir seu papel de agente de transforma??o social e institucional.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-03-15T18:07:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Nadja Ohana Soares Guilherme.pdf: 2566177 bytes, checksum: d53c34f3a24966c1af40a317f57b287c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T18:07:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Nadja Ohana Soares Guilherme.pdf: 2566177 bytes, checksum: d53c34f3a24966c1af40a317f57b287c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-19 / CAPES / The present research sought to understand the emergence and interaction of the chef of cuisine as mediator in the relationship between small producers and consumers. Based on the characterization of the recent gastronomization phenomenon of organic family farming, this research examined the creation and the work developed by Ecochefs of the Maniva Institute in the Carioca Circuit of Organic Fairs (Circuito Carioca de Feiras Org?nicas ? CCFO). In addition, this research located and analyzed the place of the producers that supply ingredients for the Institute and also sought to understand how organic pink tapioca is perceived and consumed by the visitors of these fairs. The methodological strategy used to achieve these objectives consisted in a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis, based on participant observation at the fairs and semi-structured interviews with producers, chefs and consumers. In conclusion, the research points out that the work developed by Ecocofs of the Maniva Institute goes beyond the construction of a differentiated product of gastronomic quality, prioritizing the figure of the small organic producer, seeking, in this way, to strengthen organic family agriculture in Rio de Janeiro. / A presente pesquisa buscou compreender a emerg?ncia e atua??o do chef de cozinha como mediador na rela??o entre pequenos produtores e consumidores. Partindo da caracteriza??o do fen?meno recente de gastronomiza??o da agricultura familiar org?nica, esta pesquisa examinou a cria??o e o trabalho desenvolvido pelos Ecochefs do Instituto Maniva no Circuito Carioca de Feiras Org?nicas ? CCFO. Al?m disso, situou e analisou o lugar dos produtores que fornecem ingredientes para o Instituto e, ainda, buscou entender como a tapioca pink org?nica ? percebida e consumida pelos frequentadores destas feiras. A estrat?gia metodol?gica utilizada para atingir esses objetivos consistiu na ado??o de uma abordagem qualitativa de coleta e an?lise de dados, a partir da observa??o participante nas feiras e entrevistas semiestruturadas com produtores, chefs e consumidores. Como conclus?o, a pesquisa aponta que o trabalho desenvolvido pelos Ecochefs do Instituto Maniva vai al?m da constru??o de um produto diferenciado e de qualidade gastron?mica, priorizando a figura do pequeno produtor org?nico, buscando, dessa forma, fortalecer a agricultura familiar org?nica do estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-03T21:06:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Leandro Mendes Mascarenhas.pdf: 2602264 bytes, checksum: 2ecbf1ab9ebc2505d6ab0ed4cbcfc5d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T21:06:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Leandro Mendes Mascarenhas.pdf: 2602264 bytes, checksum: 2ecbf1ab9ebc2505d6ab0ed4cbcfc5d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / In cows, the "critical time" of the estrous cycle determined by the physiological state that must be defined to maintain the corpus luteum (CL) and pregnancy or luteolysis and a new estrus occurs 15 to 19 days after ovulation. The mechanisms involved in premature luteolysis and regression of the CL are not yet understood complements. It is probable that the early CL regression is related to PGF2a release mediated by the endometrium lower concentrations of P4 receptors, higher concentrations of OT receptors, or both, in the endometrium. Thus, uterine receptors for P4 and OT may influence the secretion of PGF2a from the 10th day of the cycle, during which the CL is more sensitive to the luteolytic action of PGF2a. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exogenous OT, postpartum crossbred cows on reproductive efficiency, with emphasis on the period of maternal recognition of pregnancy. The experiment was conducted in Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Northwest Region Fluminense between September 2013 and January 2014. Twenty- four cows were entered into a TAI program (D0 - progestin releasing intravaginal device + estradiol benzoate (EB - 2 mg, im); D8 - intravaginal device removal and application of PGF2a (0.526 mg, im); D9 - BE (1 mg, im); D10 - IA). After ovulation, cows were divided randomly into two groups: GO (n=12): oxytocin (25 IU, iv, milking morning and afternoon), GC (n=12): without OT. Sonographic evaluations were performed on days 10, 15, 18, 28 and 42. The diameter of CL was calculated as the average of the two major axes and volumes (vol) using the formula for volume of a sphere (V = 4/3p ? (D / 2) 3) where D is the average diameter (DM) of CL. On day 28 of pregnancy diagnosis, confirmed at 45 and 60 days was carried out. We observed an increase in GC DM CL between the 10th and 18th. In GO DM CL decreased among 10th and 15th and most cows expressed estrus before day 18 (9/12 - 75%), six (50%) with return to estrus between the 15th and 18th. The vol. CL was higher in cows GC at all times with a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to GO on the 15th. Cows in the CG had vol. CL higher at all times and had a higher pregnancy rate (41.7%) compared to GO (25 %). The rates of fertilization and maintenance of pregnancy until day 42 demonstrates the low reproductive efficiency in GO compared to the CG (p=0.0022). With successive inseminations at 90 days one seven cows were empty in CG (8.33%) and GO (58.3%), respectively. The pattern of development and regression of the CL confirms the involvement of OT in the reproductive activity of lactating cows. The low reproductive efficiency in GO is probably due to the action of OT, confirming the hypothesis that exogenous OT can inhibit the maternal recognition of pregnancy. / Em vacas, o ?per?odo cr?tico? do ciclo estral determinado pelo estado fisiol?gico em que deve ser definida a manuten??o do corpo l?teo (CL) e da prenhez ou a lute?lise e um novo estro ocorre 15 a 19 dias ap?s a ovula??o. Os mecanismos envolvidos com a lute?lise prematura e regress?o do CL ainda n?o est?o complemente compreendidos. ? prov?vel que a regress?o precoce do CL esteja relacionada ? libera??o de PGF2a pelo endom?trio mediada por concentra??es mais baixas de receptores de P4, maiores concentra??es de receptores de OT, ou ambos, no endom?trio. Assim, receptores uterinos para a P4 e OT podem influenciar a secre??o de PGF2a a partir do 10? dia do ciclo, per?odo em que o CL ? mais sens?vel ? a??o luteol?tica da PGF2a. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da OT ex?gena, no p?s-parto de vacas mesti?as sobre a efici?ncia reprodutiva, com ?nfase no per?odo do reconhecimento materno da gesta??o. O experimento foi conduzido em Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Regi?o Noroeste Fluminense entre setembro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014. Vinte e quatro vacas foram inseridas em um programa de IATF (D0 - dispositivo intravaginal liberador de progest?geno + benzoato de estradiol (BE - 2 mg, i.m.); D8 - remo??o do dispositivo intravaginal e aplica??o de PGF2a (0,526 mg, i.m.); D9 - BE (1 mg, i.m.); D10 ? IA). Ap?s a ovula??o, as vacas foram distribu?das aleatoriamente em dois grupos: GO (n=12): 25 UI ocitocina, i.v., na ordenha da manh? e da tarde; GC (n=12): sem OT. Avalia??es ultrassonogr?ficas foram realizadas nos dias 10, 15, 18, 28 e 42. O di?metro do CL foi calculado pela m?dia dos maiores eixos e os volumes (vol.) por meio da f?rmula para volume de uma esfera (V= 4/3p x (D/2)3), em que D ? o di?metro m?dio (DM) do CL. No dia 28 foi realizado o diagn?stico da gesta??o, confirmada aos 45 e 60 dias. Observou-se no GC um aumento do DM do CL entre os dias 10 e 18. No GO o DM do CL diminuiu entre os dias 10 e 15 e a maioria das vacas manifestaram cio antes do dia 18 (9/12 ? 75%), sendo seis (50%) com retorno ao cio entre os dias 15 e 18. O vol. do CL foi maior nas vacas do GC em todos os momentos com diferen?a significativa (p<0,05) em rela??o ao GO no dia 15. As vacas do GC tiveram o vol. do CL maior em todos os momentos e obtiveram uma maior taxa de prenhez (41,7%) comparativamente ao GO (25%). As taxas de fecunda??o e manuten??o da gesta??o at? o 42o dias evidencia a baixa efici?ncia reprodutiva no GO em rela??o ao GC (p=0,0022). Com sucessivas insemina??es aos 90 dias uma e sete vacas estavam vazias no GC (8,33%) e GO (58,3%), respectivamente. O padr?o de desenvolvimento e regress?o do CL confirma o envolvimento da OT na atividade reprodutiva de vacas em lacta??o. A baixa efici?ncia reprodutiva no GO deve-se provavelmente ? a??o da OT, confirmando a hip?tese de que a OT ex?gena pode inibir o reconhecimento materno da gesta??o.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-28T19:02:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Marcus Andr? Ferreira S?.pdf: 1043888 bytes, checksum: 7a3d94bc8171597abb3f0dde51169347 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T19:02:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Marcus Andr? Ferreira S?.pdf: 1043888 bytes, checksum: 7a3d94bc8171597abb3f0dde51169347 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-23 / Objectives of this study were to characterize the endometrial vascular perfusion of mares with bacterial endometritis using color Doppler ultrasonography and submitted to phytotherapeutic treatment. 19 crossbred and Mangalarga Marchador mares without endometritis were used. ImageJ 1.46r? was applied to evaluate the images. Additionally, subjective vascular uterine perfusion was estimated analyzing the percentage of color Doppler signals present in the mesometrial, myometrium and endometrium, in longitudinal section of the uterine body and transverse section of the uterine horns. Step 1. The mares (n=20) were submitted to intrauterine inoculation with Escherichia coli cepa from the equine uterus. The color Doppler ultrasound sessions were performed in M0 (moment immediately prior to intrauterine inoculation) and M1 (24 hours after intrauterine inoculation). Step 2. The animals were divided into two groups: control group (n=10) and treated group (n=10) using phytotherapic solution Fitoclean? (Organnact Animal Health, Curitiba, Paran?, Brazil). Both groups, color Doppler ultrasonography was performed at time T1 (immediately before starting treatment), T2 (24h after treatment) and T3 (48h after treatment). Step 3. Mares in which pathogens were identified in the samples collected during stage 2 were submitted to antibiotic therapy by intrauterine infusion using Gentamicin. Seven days after the antibiotic therapy, a new color Doppler ultrasound examination was performed. For statistical analysis, the Tukey test, t Student and Anova test was applied to compare the means obtained in the different periods and Chi Square were apllied to evaluation of phytoterapic effect. Step 1. It was found that the mean values of vascularization were no moment (P<0.05). Bacterial growth was observed in all samples collected. Step 2. The mean value of vascularization at time T1 in both groups was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the obtained at moments 2 and 3. At the time T1, we observed a significant increase in portion 1, while T2 showed a significant decreasing in this portion. Step 3. According to the results obtained in the culture and antibiogram examinations performed during the step 2, 13 mares (65%, 13/20) were submitted to antibiotic therapy through intrauterine infusion with Gentamicin. After that treatment, the vascularization observed decreased related to M1. With these results, we can conclude that in these conditions is possible the use of color Doppler ultrasonography as a method for bacterial endometritis; It was not possible to correlate results obtained by color Doppler ultrasonography with the traditional findings for the diagnosis of endometritis. / Os objetivos do presente estudo foram caracterizar atrav?s da ultrassonografia color Doppler a perfus?o vascular endometrial de ?guas com endometrite bacteriana e submetidas a tratamento fitoter?pico. Para tanto, foram utilizadas 20 ?guas mesti?a e Mangalarga Marchador livres de endometrite. O programa ImageJ 1.46r? foi utilizado para avalia??o das imagens. Adicionalmente, a perfus?o vascular subjetiva do ?tero foi estimada levando-se em considera??o o percentual de sinais Doppler coloridos presentes no mesom?trio, miom?trio e endom?trio, em corte longitudinal do corpo uterino e transversal dos cornos uterinos. Etapa 1. Todas as ?guas (n=20) foram submetidas a inocula??o intrauterina com cepa de Escherichia coli proveniente de ?tero equino. As sess?es de ultrassonografia color Doppler foram realizadas em M0 (momento imediatamente anterior ? inocula??o intrauterina) e M1 (24 horas ap?s a inocula??o intrauterina). Etapa 2. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo experimental 1 (n=10) e grupo experimental 2 (n=10) com solu??o fitoter?pica Fitoclean? (Organnact Sa?de Animal, Curitiba, Paran?, Brasil). Em ambos os grupos, os exames de cultura uterina, antibiograma, citologia endometrial e ultrassonografia modo B e color Doppler foram realizados nos momentos T1 (imediatamente antes de iniciar o tratamento), T2 (24h ap?s o tratamento) e T3 (48h ap?s o tratamento). Etapa 3. As ?guas em que foram identificados agentes patog?nicos nas amostras coletadas durante a etapa 2, foram submetidas ? antibioticoterapia por infus?o intrauterina utilizando Gentamicina. Sete dias ap?s a realiza??o da antibioticoterapia, foi realizado novos exame de ultrassonografia color Doppler. Para an?lise estat?stica, foi aplicado o teste de Tukey, teste t de Student e Anova para compara??o das m?dias obtidas nos diferentes per?odos e Qui Quadrado para avalia??o do efeito do fitoter?pico. Etapa 1. Verificou-se que os valores m?dios de vasculariza??o no momento M1 foram significativamente superiores aos obtidos em M0 para as tr?s partes do ?tero (P<0,05). Houve crescimento bacteriano em todas as amostras coletadas. Etapa 2. O valor m?dio de vasculariza??o no momento T1 em ambos os grupos foi significativamente superior (P<0,05) aos obtidos nos momentos 2 e 3. No momento T1, observou-se aumento significativo no segmento 1, enquanto que em T2 observou-se uma redu??o significativa neste segmento. Etapa 3. De acordo com os resultados obtidos nos exames de cultura e antibiograma realizados ap?s o t?rmino da etapa 2, 13 ?guas (65%, 13/20) foram submetidas a antibioticoterapia atrav?s de infus?o intrauterina com Gentamicina. Ap?s este tratamento, a vasculariza??o observada apresentou grande redu??o em compara??o ao momento M1. Diante destes resultados, concluiu-se que nas condi??es deste estudo foi poss?vel utilizar a ultrassonografia modo Color Doppler como m?todo diagn?stico para a endometrite bacteriana; n?o foi poss?vel correlacionar resultados obtidos atrav?s da ultrassonografia color Doppler com os achado nos exames tradicionais para diagn?stico da endometrite.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-10-16T18:04:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1436604 bytes, checksum: 75141877c9539bce3fead0d670b18aa7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T18:04:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1436604 bytes, checksum: 75141877c9539bce3fead0d670b18aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-22 / CAPES / Acupuncture is an ancient technique of Chinese traditional medicine used in the treatment and prevention of diseases, and aims to help the body return to its balance state, by inserting metal needles at specific points in the skin. Under stress conditions, the body acts through the activation and deactivation mechanisms to restore and maintain homeostasis. The repeated exposure or the prolonged and exaggerated reaction to stress are associated with the onset of various diseases. Thus, it is essential to use strategies that can prevent or minimize the deleterious effects of stress. The heart rate variability (HRV) and the increased serum cortisol respectively reflect the activity of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) systems that are activated acutely in stress situations. The present study aimed to standardize an experimental model of acute stress specific to startle horses and evaluate if acupuncture can alter the stress response through the use of stress models (test start and reprise dressage).The present study aimed to evaluate if acupuncture in Dressage horses can alter the stress responses through the use of a laboratory startle test model (sudden umbrella opening) and a test the field: the dressage. In experiment 1, horses previously divided into groups: G1: control, G2: Acupuncture in non-points; G3: Acupuncture points GV1, H7, GV20 and B52 were tested for startle (an abrupt umbrella opening) and analyzed the HRV (through the use of Polar heart rate monitors heart Equine ?), the serum cortisol and the behavior through the reactivity test. In experiment 2, performance in dressage, serum cortisol and HRV were evaluated in horses previously undergone acupuncture points GV1, H7, GV20 and B52. The startle test caused a significant increase of LF/HF that reflects the increased of balance sympathetic in relation to the parasympathetic and a significant behavioral response, without increase cortisol levels. The acupuncture reduced LF/HF ratio at the activation parasympathetic time and cortisol levels 30 minutes after the stress without changing the reactivity response. The treatment in no points had no effect on the studied parameters. The dressage promoted increased levels of cortisol after 30 minutes. Acupuncture significantly reduced the LF/HF ratio, however it had no effect on cortisol levels and the performance evaluated by the judges and riders. The data analysis shows that the models used were effective in the study of stress responses in horses and may be used in further studies to evaluate strategies anti-stress. Furthermore, we conclude that acupuncture can be considered in beneficial in reducing stress levels in athletic horses, mainly due to its potentiating action of the vagal system. / A Acupuntura ? uma t?cnica milenar da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa utilizada no tratamento e preven??es de doen?as, que tem como objetivo auxiliar o corpo retornar ao seu estado de equil?brio, atrav?s da inser??o de agulhas de metal em pontos espec?ficos da pele. Nas condi??es de estresse, o organismo age por meio da ativa??o e desativa??o de mecanismo de controle de v?rias fun??es para recuperar e manter a homeostase. A exposi??o repetida ou a rea??o exagerada e prolongada a situa??es de estresse est?o associadas ao aparecimento de diversas doen?as. Desta forma, ? fundamental o uso de estrat?gias que possam prevenir ou minimizar os efeitos delet?rios do estresse. A variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca (VFC) e o aumento do cortisol s?rico s?o medidas que refletem respectivamente a atividade Sistema Nervoso Aut?nomo e do eixo hipot?lamo-hip?fise-adrenal (HHA), que s?o sistemas ativados agudamente em situa??es de estresse. O presente estudo teve como objetivo padronizar um modelo experimental de estresse agudo de sobressalto espec?fico para equinos e avaliar se acupuntura pode alterar as respostas de estresse, atrav?s da utiliza??o de modelos de estresse (teste do sobressalto e reprise de adestramento). No experimento 1, equinos previamente divididos em grupos: G1: Controle, G2: Acupuntura em n?o-pontos; G3: Acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52 foram submetidos ao teste de sobressalto (abertura abrupta de um guarda-chuva) e analisados a VFC (atrav?s do uso do frequencimetro card?aco Polar Equine?), o cortisol s?rico e o comportamento atrav?s do teste de reatividade. No experimento 2, a performance na reprise de adestramento, o cortisol s?rico e a VFC foram avaliadas em cavalos submetidos previamente a acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52. O teste de sobressalto promoveu aumento significativo da raz?o LF/HF medida que reflete aumento do balan?o simp?tico em rela??o ao parassimp?tico e uma significativa resposta comportamental, embora n?o tenha significativamente aumentado os n?veis de cortisol. A acupuntura reduziu a raz?o LF/HF no momento de ativa??o parassimp?tica e os n?veis de cortisol 30 minutos ap?s o estresse sem alterar a resposta de reatividade. O tratamento em n?o pontos n?o apresentou nenhum efeito sobre os par?metros estudados. A reprise de adestramento promoveu aumento dos n?veis de cortisol ap?s 30 minutos. Acupuntura reduziu significativamente a raz?o LF/HF, no entanto, n?o teve efeito sobre os n?veis de cortisol e sobre o desempenho avaliado pelos ju?zes e cavaleiros. A an?lise dos dados demonstram que os modelos utilizados foram eficazes para o estudo das respostas de estresse em equinos e podem ser utilizados em estudos futuros para avaliar estrat?gias anti-estresse. Al?m disso, podemos concluir que a acupuntura pode ser considerada ben?fica na redu??o dos n?veis de estresse em cavalos atletas, devido principalmente sua a??o de potencializador do sistema vagal.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-10-16T18:19:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Gabriela Ferreira de Oliveira.pdf: 1149006 bytes, checksum: e5df0fd5e246ea685fd7bb50c7ab42d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T18:19:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Gabriela Ferreira de Oliveira.pdf: 1149006 bytes, checksum: e5df0fd5e246ea685fd7bb50c7ab42d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-12 / Sodium is the major electrolyte of the extra cellular space, essential for the control of plasma osmolality and blood pressure. In addition, sodium is the only mineral for which there is a defined appetite. For sodium homeostasis and for the regulation of extra cellular fluid, the reported physiological systems include the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, atrial natriuretic peptide and oxytocin. In mice the feeding behavior of sodium is well established and the central inhibition of sodium appetite has been demonstrated. However, in some domestic species, especially in horses, subject of this study, this behavior has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and hematological effects, beyond the assessment of fluid and electrolyte balance and feeding behavior of fluids after the central administration of enalaprilat in horses experimentally dehydrated. Six adult, gelding horses, were used. The animals were subjected to water and food restriction for 72 hours prior the study, associated with the administration of three doses of furosemide in the first 24 hours. After the 72 hours fasting, the animals were divided into two experimental groups. The first group was called Control Group (CG) and the second, Treaty Group (TG). The animals of TG received 2.75 mg/animal of enalaprilat by intracarotideal route. After administration of enalaprilat, the animals had free access to water and hypertonic saline solution (1.8% of NaCl), with ingested volumes monitored. All animals were submitted to a regular and periodical physical examination, measured blood pressure and collected blood samples every 12 hours until the administration of enalaprilat, to evaluate the effects of dehydration; and 30, 60, 120, 180 minutes and 24 hours after administration, to evaluate the drug effects. Weight loss was the parameter that best reflected dehydration, which was estimated at 10.5% at the end of 72 hours of food and water restriction. When the animals had free access to water and saline, we observed a higher total water consumption in TG (13.7 ? 12 L) than in the CG (9.1 ? 7.9 L), with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.3522). There was no significant difference between GC and GT in clinical and hematological parameters, in all moments evaluated. Evaluating the sodium appetite, as evidenced by the ratio between salt intake and the amount of fluid consumed, it was observed that the TG showed lower sodium appetite than the CG (p = 0 0396), observed 120 minutes after the central administration of enalaprilat, demonstrating the centrally action of ACE inhibitor (enalaprilat) in inhibition of sodium appetite in horses. / O s?dio ? o principal eletr?lito do espa?o extracelular, fundamental para o controle da osmolaridade plasm?tica e press?o arterial, al?m de ser o ?nico mineral para qual existe um apetite claramente definido. Para a homeostase do s?dio e do fluido extracelular, os sistemas fisiol?gicos relatados incluem o sistema renina angiotensina aldosterona (SRAA), pept?deo natriur?tico atrial (ANP) e ocitocina (OT). O comportamento ingestivo de s?dio em ratos j? est? bem estabelecido e a inibi??o central do apetite por s?dio j? foi demonstrada. Por?m, em algumas esp?cies dom?sticas, especialmente nos equinos, tema deste trabalho, este comportamento ainda n?o foi esclarecido. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos cl?nicos e hematol?gicos, al?m da avalia??o do equil?brio hidroeletrol?tico e do comportamento ingestivo de l?quidos ap?s a administra??o central de enalaprilato em equinos experimentalmente desidratados. Foram utilizados seis equinos adultos, machos, castrados, que permaneceram em jejum h?drico e alimentar por 72 horas, associado ? administra??o de furosemida. Ap?s 72 horas de jejum, os animais foram divididos em dois grupos experimentais, o Grupo Controle (GC) e o Grupo Tratado (GT), que recebeu 2,75 mg/animal de enalaprilato por via intracarot?dea. Ap?s, os animais tiveram livre acesso a ?gua e a solu??o salina hipert?nica (1,8% de NaCl). Os animais foram avaliados atrav?s de exame cl?nico, a cada 12 horas durante as 72 horas de jejum e 30, 60, 120, 180 minutos e 24 horas ap?s o Enalaprilato. Foram avaliados o peso corporal, a quantidade de l?quidos ingeridos, a press?o arterial m?dia, par?metros bioqu?micos e eletrol?ticos sangu?neos. A perda de peso corporal foi o par?metro que melhor refletiu a desidrata??o, estimada em 10,5% ao final de 72 horas de jejum. Com o restabelecimento do acesso ? ?gua e solu??o salina, observou-se maior consumo total de ?gua no GT (13,7 ? 12 L) que no GC (9,1 ? 7,9 L), sem diferen?a significativa entre os grupos (p = 0,3522). N?o houve diferen?a significativa nos par?metros cl?nicos e hematol?gicos avaliados entre o GC e o GT. O apetite por s?dio foi reduzido significativamente (p = 0, 0396) no GT comparado ao GC, evidenciado 120 minutos ap?s a administra??o do enalaprilato, demonstrando a a??o central do inibidor de ECA (Enalaprilato) na inibi??o do apetite por s?dio em equinos.