Nous décrivons le phénomène d’engagement à travers des expériences transmédia coconstruites avec les bénéficiaires dans le contexte de la formation pour adultes. Nous abordons ce terrain en faisant l’hypothèse qu’un transmédia à valeur expérientielle permet d’accroitre la participation des sujets pour consolider l’engagement en formation. Cette hypothèse ouvre la perspective d’une médiation de type transmédia capable, d’intégrer des objectifs d’exploitation scientifique de l’engagement et de valorisation de la participation et de l’attention qui pourraient être intéressants pour d’autres corpus.À partir d’un cadre d’analyse centré sur les bénéficiaires des transactions, notre enquête met en exergue différentes formes d’engagement suivant des transmédia hybrides aux caractéristiques spécifiques. La complémentarité de ces transmédia a favorisé divers régimes d’engagement observés de façon ponctuelle, pour un engagement sur la durée. / We describe the phenomenon of engagement through co-constructed transmedia experiences with the beneficiaries in the context of adult education. We approach this ground on the assumption that a transmedia with experiential value makes it possible to increase the participation of subjects to consolidate the commitment in training. This hypothesis opens up the prospect of a transmedia type of mediation capable of integrating the objectives of scientific exploitation for the commitment and enhancement of participation and the attention that could be interesting for other corpuses. Based on an analysis framework focused on the beneficiaries of transactions, our survey highlighted different forms of hybrid transmedia engagement with specific characteristics. The complementarity of these transmedia has favoured various commitment regimes observed on an ad hoc basis for a long-term commitment.

Submitted by Fabíola Silva (fabiola.silva@famerp.br) on 2017-12-13T12:40:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 taispagliucobarbosa_dissert.pdf: 1385087 bytes, checksum: c4c1ffcd057e87c4a12f633d213af539 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-13T12:40:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 taispagliucobarbosa_dissert.pdf: 1385087 bytes, checksum: c4c1ffcd057e87c4a12f633d213af539 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / Introduction: Sedation and analgesia in the intensive care unit collaborate in the treatment of patients in a serious condition, as it improves respiratory discomfort and adaptation to invasive mechanical ventilation, guaranteeing greater safety. However, excessive sedation is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, increased rates of delirium, and mortality. Objective: to associate the profile, sedation level, interruption criteria and mortality of patients on mechanical ventilation, daily discontinuation of sedation and associated with reports of adverse events. Method: the first step consisted of a prospective, longitudinal and quantitative study in two intensive care units, with 204 patients, using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Sepsis Related Organ Failure Assessment. Associated with daily withdrawal from sedation with adverse events. Tukey, Pearson and Chi-square tests were used. Results: The majority were male, surgical, with a mean stay of 10.7 days. The mean sedation was -2.45 (moderate) and the mortality was 15.8 (high risk). There was a statistical correlation between death in patients with deep sedation and sensitivity in relation to the discharge of those who suffered daily discontinuation of sedation. In deep sedation, approximately half, sedation was not disconnected daily, and with mild sedation, too. There were 28 adverse events in those with deep sedation, and 13 in mild, with pressure injury. Conclusion: The majority of the patients were male, 40 to 60 years old, surgical, in sedoanalgesia with fentanyl, midazolam and propofol, sedation time of one to five days, without daily interruption of drugs due to hemodynamic instability and order Not correlating statistically with the profile and level of sedation. The daily interruption of sedation guided by the Richmond Scale helps to control sedation, which favors the treatment and recovery of the patient, but it was not configured as an independent factor to predict mortality. Also, adverse events were not associated with daily discontinuation of sedation, but with work processes involving nursing care to the patient. / Introducción: La sedación y analgesia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos cooperar en el tratamiento de pacientes en estado crítico, mejora de dificultad respiratoria y la adaptación a la ventilación mecánica, lo que garantiza una mayor seguridad. Sin embargo, la sedación excesiva se asocia con la prolongación del tiempo de ventilación mecánica, el aumento de las tasas de mortalidad y el delirio. Objetivo: Para asociar el perfil, el nivel de sedación, los criterios de parada y la mortalidad de los pacientes con ventilación mecánica, la interrupción diaria de la sedación y se asocia con informes de eventos adversos. Método: El primer paso consistió en un estudio prospectivo, longitudinal y cuantitativo, realizado en dos unidades de cuidados intensivos, con 204 pacientes, por Richimond Agitação- Sedación Escala de sepsis relacionada con el fallo de evaluación y de órganos, y en el segundo paso fue asociado con el cierre diaria de la sedación con eventos adversos. Se utilizó pruebas Tukey y Chi cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: La mayoría eran hombres, quirúrgica, con una estancia media de 10,7 días. La sedación media fue de -2.45 (moderada) y la mortalidad de 15,8 (alto riesgo). Una correlación estadística entre la mortalidad en pacientes con sedación profunda y alta sensibilidad a los que sufrieron interrupción diaria de la sedación. En la sedación profunda aproximadamente la mitad no se apagó la sedación diaria, y sedación leve, también. Hubo 28 eventos adversos en aquellos con sedación profunda, y 13 como leve, el daño por presión de pie hacia fuera. Conclusión: La mayoría de los pacientes eran de sexo masculino, de 40 años a 60 años, quirúrgica, en sedoanalgesia con fentanilo, midazolam y propofol sedación tiempo de uno a cinco días sin interrupción diaria de medicamentos debido a la inestabilidad hemodinámica y el orden médica, se correlaciona estadísticamente con el perfil y el nivel de sedación. La interrupción diaria de la sedación guiada por la escala Richimond, ayuda a controlar la sedación, lo que favorece el tratamiento y la recuperación del paciente, sin embargo, no se configura como un factor independiente de predicción de mortalidad. Además, los eventos adversos no se asociaron con la interrupción diaria de la sedación, pero con los procesos de trabajo relacionados con la atención de enfermería al paciente. / Introdução: A sedação e analgesia em unidade de terapia intensiva colaboram no tratamento do paciente em estado grave, pois melhora desconforto respiratório e adaptação à ventilação mecânica invasiva, garantindo maior segurança. Contudo, a sedação excessiva está associada ao aumento do tempo em ventilação mecânica, das taxas de delirium e mortalidade. Objetivo: associar perfil, nível de sedação, critérios de interrupção e mortalidade de pacientes em ventilação mecânica, interrupção diária da sedação e associar com notificações de eventos adversos. Método: a primeira etapa foi constituída por estudo prospectivo, longitudinal e quantitativo, realizado em duas unidades de terapia intensiva, com 204 pacientes, por meio da Escala Richmond de Agitação- Sedação e o Sepse Related Organ Failure Assessment, e na segunda etapa, foi associado o desligamento diário da sedação com os eventos adversos ocorridos. Foram realizados testes de Tukey, Pearson e Qui quadrado. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino, cirúrgicos, com média de permanência de 10,7 dias. A sedação média foi -2,45 (moderada) e a de mortalidade 15,8 (alto risco). Houve correlação estatística entre óbito em pacientes com sedação profunda, e sensibilidade em relação à alta daqueles que sofreram interrupção da sedação diária. Tanto em sedação profunda, como leve, em aproximadamente metade dos pacientes não foi desligada a sedação diariamente. Ocorreram 28 eventos adversos naqueles com sedação profunda, e 13 em leve, sendo que a lesão por pressão foi o principal. Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino, idade entre 40 a 60 anos, cirúrgicos, em sedoanalgesia com fentanil, midazolan e propofol, tempo de sedação de um a cinco dias, sem interrupção diária das drogas por motivo de instabilidade hemodinâmica e por ordem médica, e não houve relação estatística com o perfil e o nível de sedação. A interrupção diária da sedação guiada pela Escala Richmond, auxiliou o controle da sedação, o que favorece o tratamento e a recuperação do paciente, porém, não se configurou como fator independente para previsão de mortalidade. Também, os eventos adversos não se associaram com a interrupção diária da sedação, mas com processos de trabalhos envolvendo a assistência de enfermagem ao paciente.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Alessandra_Lima.pdf: 1481884 bytes, checksum: 96048bc1655b1b5cda7bb927be1dfd55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-16 / The management of a child s behavior in a dental setting is routinely accomplished by a good communicative technique known as basic methods. Advanced me thods (protective stabilization, sedation, and general anesthesia) have been indicated for resistant children. When the basics methods are not enough to provide a safe and effective treatment, Brazilian dentists seem to prefer the protective stabilization to restrain a child. After the establishment of rules for nitrous oxide sedation in Brazil, a change in practice can be expected. In minimal and moderate sedation, patient can respond to every dental treatment s stimulus with cry and struggle. The purpose of this study was to known the perceptions of sedation by accompanying adults and a sedation team. This was a qualitative research, based on three in-depth interviews with two groups of accompanying adults groups and one group of a dental sedation team. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and independently analyzed by three investigators through the thematic content method. The first analysis explored the ACCOMPANYING ADULTS SATISFACTION; two categories emerged: the good side (conscious, safety, satisfaction, behavior management) and the bad side (suffering, adverse effects) of pediatric dental sedation. The second analysis regarding the MEANINGS OF SEDATIONFOR ACCOMPANYING ADULTS generated FOUR categories: Protective stabilization (to bind, to protect on sedation), sedation (positive and negative side) , general anesthesia (positive point of a view) and mothers feelings (aversion peace, fair, security, motivation). Three categories emerged from the third interview about DENTAL TEAM PERCEPTIONS: knowledge (technique, indication, aim, amnesia, unexpected), disappointment (hopes, disappointment, depreciation), and difficulties (expense, accompanying adults and care team s opposition, tendency to be better). Accompanying adults did not accept physical restraint, but were satisfied with dental sedation despite its limitations and saw general anesthesia as an alternative method. The dental sedation team was aware of the sedation s advantages and flaws, but was pessimist about the method / A utilização de métodos de controle de comportamento da criança, quer sejam básicos (comunicativos) ou avançados (estabilização protetora, sedação e anestesia geral), é uma constante nos consultórios de odontopediatria. A sedação realizada em ambulatório, mantem o paciente responsivo e com isso o mesmo sente os estímulos inerentes à prática odontológica, podendo reagir a eles com choro e movimento. Tal procedimento já tem sua eficácia e segurança cientificamente comprovadas, todavia não se conhece as percepções que acompanhantes e profissionais envolvidos formulam sobre a sedação. Objetivou-se conhecer as percepções sobre sedação segundo um grupo de acompanhantes de crianças préescolares e equipe profissional vinculada ao atendimento sob sedação . Trata-se de trabalho de pesquisa qualitativa e realizou-se três entrevistas abertas, com enfoques distintos, com três grupos de indivíduos envolvidos no atendimento de crianças sob sedação no Núcleo de Estudos em Sedação Odontológica (NESO), sendo dois grupos de acompanhantes e um grupo com os membros da equipe profissional. O s dados foram transcritos, lidos exaust ivamente e analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. A análise dos dados e a apresentação dos resultados foram feitos de forma independente para cada grupo de dados coletados a saber: SATISFAÇÃO DOS RESPONSÁVEIS da análise das entrevistas como primeiro grupo de acompanhantes emergiram duas categorias temáticas, o Lado Bom (consciência, segurança, satisfação, condicionamento) e Lado Ruim da Sedação (sofrimento e efeito paradoxal) ; SIGNIFICADOS ATRIBUIDOS PELOS ACOMANHANTES AOS MÉTODOS AVANÇADOS DE CONTROLE COMPORTAMENTAL da análise do segundo grupo de entrevistas emergiram quatro categorias temáticas, Estabilização Protetora (amarrar, segurar na sedação) , Sedação (aspectos positivos e negativos) , Anestesia Geral (aspectos positivos), Sentimento dos Acompanhantes (revolta, tranqüilidade, medo, segurança, motivação); PERCEPÇÕES DA EQUIPE PROFISSIONAL da análise das entrevistas realizadas com os profissionais da equipe NESO emergiram as seguintes categorias temáticas o Conhecimento (técnica, indicação, objetivo, amnésia e imprevisibilidade), Frustração (expectativa, frustração e desvalorização) e Problemas (custo, resistência de pais e profissionais e tendência a melhorar) . Considerou-se que os acompanhantes entrevistados não aceitam a estabilização protetora para o atendimento de suas crianças, ponderam as l imitações da técnica de sedação e sentem-se satisfeitos apesar das limitações da mesma. E ainda, aceitam a anestesia geral como uma alternativa à técnica de sedação . Os profissionais do NESO, por outro lado, percebem a sedação de forma negativa e pessimista contrapondo -se à aceitação dos acompanhantes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Silva Fonseca.pdf: 488128 bytes, checksum: 2468cc67904ccd246f43543614d5a03d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-20 / The aim of his paper is to analyze Martin Luther s life, from the psychoanalytic view-point, by studying Erik Erikson s book Young Man Luther , A Study in Psychoanalysis and History. It is a very challenging bibliographic research, due to the amount of material produced up to now on Luther s life. A psycho-biography that aspires developing a profound and comprehensive study of a person whose magnitude of references is so vast is not an easy task. The first chapter s goal is to set up historical-scientific approach of the two protagonists. An exposition of Martin Luther s personal life is detailed firstly, beginning with his parents, reaching his individuality and his relationships with his wife and children. After that, a section will also be dedicated to Erik Erikson s life and thoughts, since he is taken as the point of theoretical reference to this piece of work. The second chapter consists in A Critical Dialogue With Erikson s Theory About Luther, elaborating a critical analysis of Erikson s book, Young Man Luther. This appreciation will be made on basis of the author of this paper s own thoughts, of ideas expressed by Luther himself, and of what other biographers have exhaustively spoken and written about his life. Finally, a critical appreciation and particular conclusions about the main characters will be expressed. / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a vida de Martinho Lutero do ponto de vista psicanalítico, através do estudo do livro de Erik Erikson, Young Man Luther, A Study in Psychoanalysis and History. É uma pesquisa bibliográfica muito difícil, devido a quantidade de material produzido até aqui sobre a vida de Lutero. Uma psicobiografia que aspire desenvolver um estudo profundo e compreensível de uma pessoa cuja magnitude de referências é tão vasta, não é uma tarefa fácil. O primeiro capítulo tem como meta fazer uma Aproximação Histórico-Científica dos Dois Protagonistas. Primeiramente será apresentada uma exposição detalhada da vida pessoal de Martinho Lutero, começando pelos seus pais, chegando na individualidade dele, e seu relacionamento com sua esposa e filhos. Depois disto, haverá também uma parte dedicada à vida e pensamento de Erik Erikson, que é o referencial teórico deste trabalho. O segundo capítulo consiste em um Diálogo Crítico Com A Teoria De Erikson Sobre Lutero, elaborando uma análise crítica do livro de Erikson Young Man Luther. Esta apreciação será feita com base em pensamentos próprios do autor desta dissertação, no que o próprio Lutero disse, e no que outros biógrafos falaram e escreveram exaustivamente a respeito de sua vida. Finalmente, uma apreciação crítica, e conclusões pessoais a respeito dos protagonistas.

Este trabalho caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso que tem como objetivo analisar como ocorre a tomada de consciência de professores em formação continuada sobre o trabalho com projetos educacionais através do Objeto de Aprendizagem Trabalho com Projetos integrado a plataforma ROODA. A questão central de pesquisa trata-se sobre como ocorre a tomada de consciência de professores em formação continuada sobre o trabalho com projetos educacionais, através do Objeto de Aprendizagem Trabalho com Projetos integrado a plataforma ROODA. Para tanto, utiliza como referencial metodológico a metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa. Apresenta como objetivo analisar como ocorre a tomada de consciência de professores em formação continuada sobre o trabalho com projetos educacionais através do Objeto de Aprendizagem Trabalho com Projetos integrado a plataforma ROODA. Tem como questão central de pesquisa compreender como ocorre a tomada de consciência de professores em formação continuada sobre o trabalho com projetos educacionais, através do Objeto de Aprendizagem Trabalho com Projetos integrado a plataforma ROODA. Tal questão se desdobra em outras quatro sub-questões: A primeira visa entender como o Objeto de Aprendizagem Trabalho com Projetos integrado à plataforma ROODA pode se configurar como espaço de construção, reconstrução de conhecimentos e meio de inclusão social e digital? A segunda busca compreender como a solução de desafios pode promover o processo de tomada de consciência sobre o trabalho com projetos educacionais e sua prática educativa em formação continuada? A terceira sub-questão analisa como o trabalho cooperativo pode favorecer o processo de tomada de consciência das concepções que norteiam o trabalho com projetos educacionais e sua prática educativa em formação continuada? A última discute como se configuram as representações conceituais dos professores em formação continuada no decorrer do planejamento e desenvolvimento de projetos educacionais? Os sujeitos de pesquisa são doze professores de diferentes áreas de estudo, que atuam de forma efetiva em sala de aula, fazendo parte do quadro de servidores ativos da Rede Pública Estadual de Ensino do Rio Grande do Sul e que apresentam disponibilidade para trabalhar com as tecnologias digitais. Para análise e interpretação dos dados coletados, recorre-se à Análise de Conteúdo. Para a coleta dos dados utiliza-se o Método Clínico Piagetiano, procurando compreender a trajetória cognitiva dos sujeitos de pesquisa durante as entrevistas orais semi-estruturadas. Para a realização do processo empírico, desenvolveu-se o Objeto de Aprendizagem Trabalho com Projetos (OATP), um material digital destinado a situações de aprendizagem que aborda o trabalho com projetos educacionais. Para analisar e validar o OATP utiliza-se a plataforma ROODA como ambiente de apoio às aulas presenciais e a distância num curso de extensão da UFRGS na modalidade semipresencial especialmente organizado para essa investigação. Foram analisados os processos cognitivos desencadeados pelas interações no ROODA, tendo como fundamentação a teoria do desenvolvimento cognitivo de Jean Piaget, destacando-se o processo de cooperação e tomada de consciência. A pesquisa evidencia: que o OATP pode possibilitar a tomada de consciência sobre o trabalho com projetos educacionais; as ferramentas comunicacionais da plataforma ROODA potencializam a interação on-line, promovendo as trocas cognitivas e o trabalho em equipe; a tomada de consciência pode ser favorecida pelas trocas cognitivas ocorridas em ambiente virtual e que essas trocas podem ocorrer a partir de atividades que priorizem a participação ativa dos alunos-professores na resolução de desafios, valorizando ações como argumentação, justificativa, análise do percurso do raciocínio, enriquecendo e favorecendo a formação continuada. / This work has as characteristic a case study and as a main goal to analyze how the conscious getting occurs with teachers in continued formation about the educational project works through the work learning object with joined projects to the ROODA platform. It is used as a methodological guide the methodology and how it occurs with the conscious getting of teacher of continued formation about the work with educational projects through the learning object work with joined work to the ROODA platform: It has as central point to understand as the conscious getting from teachers in continued formation about the work with educational projects through learning work object joined projects to ROODA platform. This point is divided into four others: The first one is to understand how the work learning object with joined projects to ROODA platform can result in construction space, knowledge reconstruction and a way to social inclusion and digital. The second search to understand as the solution of challenges can promote the getting process of conscious about the work with educational projects and its educational practice in continued formation. The third point analyses as the cooperative work can favor the process of getting conscious of conceptions that go around the work with educational projects and its educational practice in continued formation. The last one discusses about how is formed the conception presentations of teachers in continued formation during the planning and development of education projects. Twelve teachers took place of this research from different studying areas. All of them act in classroom taking part of the active team of the “ Rede Pública Estadual de Ensino do Rio Grande do Sul” and they are available to work with digital technology. To the analysis and interpretation of collected data were used the contents analysis. For the data collection was used the Piagett clinic method, searching to understand the cognitive traject of the subjects of research during the realization of the interview semi –structured. The realization to the empirical process developed the learning object project work, the digital material designed to learning situations that deal with educational project work. Analyzing and making it valid was used ROODA platform as the environment of base to the present classes and to the distance classes in the semi-presence specially organized to this investigation. It was analyzed the cognitive process divided by the interactions in the ROODA This part was based in the cognitive development theory by Jean Piagett giving importance to the cooperation process and getting conscious. This research shows the learning object work with projects can turn it possible the conscious getting about the work with educational projects. The communication tools of ROODA platform gives power to the on-line interaction promoting the cognitive changes and the team work, the conscious getting can be favored by the cognitive changes occurred in virtual environment and this changes can occur from activities that give the main attention to the active participation of teachers- students in the solution of challenges, giving value to the actions as argumentation, justification, rezoning analysis , enriching and favoring the continued formation. / Este trabajo tiene como característica ser un estudio de caso que tiene como objetivo analizar como ocurre la tomada de conciencia de profesores en formación continuada sobre el trabajo con proyectos educacionales a través del Objeto de Aprendizaje Trabajo con Proyectos integrado a la plataforma ROODA. La cuestión central de pesquisa trata sobre como ocurre la tomada de consciencia de profesores en formación continuada sobre el trabajo con proyectos educacionales, a través del Objeto de Aprendizaje Trabajo con Proyectos integrado a la plataforma ROODA. Para eso, utiliza como referencial metodológico la metodologia de pesquisa cualitativa. Presenta como objetivo analizar como ocurre la tomada de conciencia de profesores en formación continuada sobre el trabajo con proyectos educacionales a través del Objeto de Aprendizaje Trabajo con Proyectos integrado a la plataforma ROODA. Tiene como cuestión central de pesquisa entender como ocurre la tomada de conciencia de profesores en formación continuada sobre el trabajo con proyectos educacionales, a través del Objeto de Aprendizaje Trabajo con Proyectos integrado a la plataforma ROODA. Tal cuestión se desdobla en otras cuatro subcuestiones: La primera quiere entender como el Objeto de Aprendizaje Trabajo con Proyectos integrado a la plataforma ROODA puede configurarse como espacio de construcción, reconstrucción de conocimientos y medio de inclusión social y digital. La segunda busca la comprensión de como la solución de desafíos puede promover el proceso de tomada de consciencia sobre el trabajo con proyectos educacionales y su práctica educativa en formación continuada. La tercera subcuestión analiza como el trabajo cooperativo puede favorecer el proceso de tomada de consciencia de las concepciones que nortean el trabajo con proyectos educacionales y su práctica educativa en formación continuada. La última discute como se configuran las representaciones conceptuales de los profesores en formación continuada en el decorrer del planeamiento y desarrollo de proyectos educacionales. Los sujetos de pesquisa son doce profesores de diferentes áreas de estudio, que actúan de forma efectiva en clases, haciendo parte del cuadro de servidores activos de la Red Pública Estadual de Enseñanza del Rio Grande del Sur y que presentan disponibilidad para trabajar con las tecnologías digitales. Para análisis e interpretación de los datos colectados, se recurre al Análisis de Contenido. Para la colecta de los datos es utilizado el Método Clínico Piagetiano, procurando comprender la trayectoria cognitiva de los sujetos de pesquisa durante las entrevistas orales semiestructuradas. Para la realización del proceso empírico, es desarrollado el Objeto de Aprendizaje Trabajo con Proyectos (OATP), un material digital destinado a situaciones de aprendizaje que aborda el trabajo con proyectos educacionales. Para analizar y validar el OATP en esa pesquisa, es utilizada la plataforma ROODA como ambiente de apoyo a las clases presénciales y a la distancia en un curso de extensión de la UFRGS en la modalidad semipresencial especialmente organizado para esa investigación. Fueron analizados los procesos cognitivos desencadenados por las interacciones en el ROODA, teniendo como fundamentación la teoría del desarrollo cognitivo de Jean Piaget, destacándose el proceso de cooperación y tomada de consciencia. La pesquisa evidencia: que el OATP puede posibilitar la tomada de consciencia sobre el trabajo con proyectos educacionales; las herramientas comunicacionales de la plataforma ROODA potencializan la interacción on-line, promoviendo los cambios cognitivos y el trabajo en equipo; la tomada de consciencia puede ser favorable por los cambios cognitivos ocurridos en ambiente virtual y que esos cambios pueden ocurrir a partir de actividades que prioricen la participación activa de los “alumnos/profesores” en la resolución de desafíos, valorizando acciones como argumentación, justificativa, análisis del precurso del raciocinio, enriqueciendo y favoreciendo la formación continuada.

An 23 wachen Ratten wurde die dynamische Regulation der Nierengefäße als Antwort auf schwingungsförmige Änderung des renalen Perfusionsdruckes (RPP) gemessen. Es wurden der Renale Perfusionsdruck (RPP), der Nierenarterienfluss (RBF) sowie lokale Gefäßflüsse der Nierenrinde und des äußeren Nierenmark (Laser-Doppler) aufgezeichnet und daraus die entsprechende Conductance (Leitwert) der Gefäße errechnet. Der mittlere RPP wurde rampenförmig mit einer langsamen Änderungsrate gesenkt (dp/dt), wobei nach jeder absteigenden Flanke eine aufsteigende Rampe gleicher Geschwindigkeit gemessen wurde. Eine Überlagerung des RPP mit Schwingungen unterschiedlicher Frequenz (f=0,005, f=0,01 und f=0,02 Hz) bei einer Amplitude von 20 mmHg führte zu einem Anstieg von dp/dt und einem erhöhten Shearstress an der Gefäßwand (WSS). Der Einfluss der Schwingungen auf RCV war signifikant abhängig vom mittleren RPP. So war die Conductance in tieferen Druckbereichen des RPP mehrfach höher als in den Ausgangsdruckwerten. Innerhalb der absteigenden Rampen führte ein Erhöhung der Frequenz zu einem Anstieg der maximalen Amplitude des RVC des Nierengesamtflusses. Die größten Amplituden wurden bei RPP Werten zwischen 58 und 46 mmHg gemessen. Diese Abhängigkeit war bei den ansteigenden Flanken nicht gegeben. Außerdem zeigte sich in den abfallenden Versuchsteilen ein plötzlicher Phasenwechsel zwischen der RPP- und der RVC-Schwingung bei mittleren RPP-Werten zwischen 95 und 80 mmHg. Dies lässt schließen, dass oberhalb dieses Druckwertes aktive myogenen Vasokonstriktion die passiven Gefäßdilatation vollständig ausgleicht, während unterhalb dieses RPP-Wertes die Vasokonstriktion insuffizient reagiert, bis bei ca. 50 mmHg die RCV ausschließlich der passiven Vasodilatation folgt. Höhere Schwingungsfrequenzen führen durch einen Anstieg des WSS zu einer Erhöhung der Amplitude des RVC. Dies bewirkt eine Änderung der charakteristischen renalen Autoregulation des RPP. Auf diese Weise ändert sich die Effizienz der Autoregulation. / In 23 conscious rats, the dynamic features of renal vascular conductance (RVC) in response to oscillatory changes in renal perfusion pressure (RPP) were studied at different mean RPPs. RPP, renal blood flow, and regional cortical and outer-medullary fluxes (laser-Doppler) were continuously recorded and the respective RVCs calculated. Mean RPP was changed ramp-wise with a low rate of change (dp/dt), whereby a decremental ramp was immediately followed by an incremental ramp. Superimposing RPP oscillations (amplitude 20 mmHg) of different frequencies (f=0.005, f=0.01, and f=0.02 Hz) increased maximum dp/dt, and thus increased vascular wall shear stress (WSS). The impact of RPP oscillations on RVC critically depended on mean RPP. RVC oscillations were several times higher at lower mean RPPs than at control RPP During the decremental ramps, increasing the frequency led to an increase in the maximum amplitude of total RVC, and decreased mean RPP where maximum amplitude occurred from 58 to 46 mmHg. This frequency dependence was abolished during incremental ramps. Lowering mean RPP resulted in a sudden reversal of phase between RPP and RVC oscillations at mean RPP between 95 and 80 mmHg. It is concluded that, above this RPP, myogenic vasoconstriction fully counterbalances passive vasodilatation, whereas, below that RPP, myogenic constriction gradually tapers off until, at about 50 mmHg, RVC is exclusively determined by passive dilation. Higher oscillatory frequencies, assumed to be due to increased WSS, elicit a greater response in RVC amplitude as an expression of vessel compliance, and, thus change the RPP characteristics of renal autoregulation. However, the efficiency of autoregulation is thereby barely changed.

As the pace of life in contemporary Western society accelerates, an increasing number of people are engaging in an alternative lifestyle: ‘Slow Living’. Although popular in the media, Slow Living, which addresses issues of quality of life, is a relatively new area of academic enquiry. Given a lack of empirical research, especially on the realities of the Slow Life in a New Zealand context, this ethnographic study aims to augment the knowledge on this lifestyle by focusing on how families experience Slow Living. The key research question is: How do families live their interpretations of a Slow Life? To answer this question, this study examined the everyday lives of five Slow Living families in Canterbury, New Zealand. Adult family members were given a time-use diary to complete over two days. These diaries were then used as a foundation for in-depth interviews and participant observation. Slow Living families hold to a number of personal values, such as personal agency, conscious living and leading meaningful lives. These comprise their ideal way of living. The families are also faced with a number of challenges and have to employ strategies to balance their ideal and what is possible. The different ways families adapt produces a variety of Slow Living lifestyles.

大部分情緒調控研究，著重於意圖性(deliberate)調控策略的使用與效果比較(如認知再評估與壓抑)。Bargh, Lee-Chai, Barndollar, Gollwitzer, & Trötschel (2001)透過一系列實驗發現，高階的行為目標，即便在人類覺知外激發，亦能促發人們非意識地產生該目標，並有相關的追求行為。在這樣的理論與實證支持下，Mauss, Cook, & Gross (2007)驗證了情緒調控能以非意識行為進行。Williams, Bargh, Nocera, & Gray (2009)的研究更發現不管是意識或是非意識性地進行情緒調控，都能有效降低心跳改變率。由於目前仍缺乏許多非意識性情緒調控的效果與歷程證據，本研究目的即在藉由事件關聯電位，探討非意識性情緒調控的效果與時間歷程。實驗一透過事件關聯電位，驗證情緒調控能在非意識情況下發生，並發現非意識性壓抑能發生在情緒反應剛產生的300至700毫秒內。實驗二則加入了意識性重新評估與壓抑組參與者，與非意識性重新評估與壓抑組作比較。結果顯示，對參與者而言，(1) 正向情緒為一較容易調控的情緒類別。(2) 使用重新評估調控情緒的效果，仍顯著優於使用壓抑策略。(3) 非意識性情緒調控的結果，也比意識性調控情緒來得較佳。這樣的實驗結果支持了非意識情緒調控的可行性與優點。 / Studies of emotion regulations mostly focused on deliberate control strategies such as cognitive reappraisal and suppression. Bargh and his colleagues conducted a series of experiments and found higher behavioral goals could be primed non-consciously, i.e. outside human awareness (Bargh et al., 2001). Under these assumptions, Mauss, Cook and Gross (2007) verified how emotion regulations be formed through non-conscious behaviors. Williams, Bargh, Nocera, and Gray (2009) also found both conscious and non-conscious reappraisals deduced heart-rate changes. However, it is lack of studies investigating the effects and temporal dynamics of non-conscious emotion regulation. The purpose of this research is to analyze the temporal dynamics and effects of non-conscious emotion regulation processing using event-related potentials. In the first experiment, we verified emotion regulation could be operated under non-conscious way. Also we found non-conscious suppressed goals would be primed and regulated at the beginning of emotional response, i.e., in 300-700ms after the onset of emotion pictures. In the second experiment, we added conscious reappraisal and suppression condition for comparing the non-conscious and conscious regulated effects and time processes. The results showed (1) It was easy for participants to regulate positive emotion. (2) The emotion regulation effect was better with reappraisal strategy than with suppression. (3) Non-conscious emotion regulation would result in better regulated outcomes than conscious emotion regulation. These results supported the practicability and advantages of non-conscious emotion regulation.

My work uses process as a course of action that marks the death of moments through a continuous stream of consciousness. I metaphorically link disparate pieces of information to the human condition in order to present multiple readings through juxtaposition. I assemble both abstract and figurative subject matter in a collage-like manner through methods of cropping and fragmentation to symbolize the disjuncture I feel is indicative of how we experience the world through short-lived thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Abstract Authors: Mikael Forsberg and Sara-Maria Löfvenberg Tutor: Susanne Åberg Title: Socially Desirable Fast Moving Consumer Goods – A Literature Review on How To Decrease the Gap Between Intention & Purchase Behavior Through Marketing Keywords Branding, Consumer Behavior, Consumer Value Creation, Decision-making, Differentiation, Eco, Ecological, Environmentally Conscious Behavior, Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), Green Consumer, Green Marketing, In-store marketing, Marketing, Organic, Purchase decision, Socially Desirable, Value Creation. Background and Problem Consumers today are more environmentally conscious than ever. However, it has been found that there is a gap between the consumer’s intention and actual purchase when it comes to products that there is a social pressure to buy for environmental reasons. The potential for the socially desirable segment is estimated to have potential, but growth seems to be slow. It has been stated that until now, there is not enough research done that take a holistic perspective including several fields of marketing. There is a need to review and combine existing literature in various fields of marketing to investigate how the gap can be decreased and sales increased. Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to review and combine existing literature in the fields of consumer value creation, decision-making and in-store marketing. By doing so the authors of this thesis aim to present a theoretical model on how producers of socially desirable FMCG can decrease the gap between the consumers’ intention and actual purchase through marketing. Decreasing the gap refers to more fully exploit the potential size of the segment and generate more sales.   Method A completely theoretical method was chosen for this thesis. To the authors’ knowledge there has not been done enough specific research to match the purpose of this thesis. A literature review has therefore been conducted within three separate fields of marketing to get a broader understanding of how the gap between intention and actual purchase can be decreased. Based on the extensive literature review, the authors developed ten propositions that formed a model that can be used as the backbone for future theoretical and empirical research.   Final Discussion Some highlights of the theoretical discussions earlier in this thesis are presented in the final discussion. The authors suggest that purchase decisions of socially desirable FMCG initially are high-involvement decisions that often are formed outside the in-store-setting. This suggests that more long-term marketing efforts such as brand building in some cases can be more important than in-store marketing when it comes to FMCG that are socially desirable. Symbolic values should be highlighted in branding of socially desirable FMCG because the instrumental differences between FMCG and socially desirable FMCG is limited. It is therefore likely that it is more efficient to focus on consumers’ self-identity to convince them to purchase socially desirable FMCG. It is also important that producers of socially desirable FMCG provide consumers with clear product information in-store and that the products are easy to find. Based on the extensive literature review, the authors have developed eight propositions that form the model presented in this chapter.