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The object of the study was self-determination in adulthood. The subject of the study was the relationship between personal and professional self-determination in adulthood. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, conclusion, list of literature (88 sources) and an appendix, including forms of applied methods and summary results of the study at the empirical stage. The volume of the master's thesis amounted to 130 pages with 14 figures and 10 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the issues, sets the goal and objectives of the study, defines the object and subject of the study, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, specifies the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of the study, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the problem of correlation and interrelation of personal and professional self-determination in the period of maturity. Sections devoted to the study of the concept of “self-determination”, its types and indicators (criteria) are presented; psychological characteristics of mature age persons are described and the tasks of personal and professional self-determination in them are highlighted. The conclusions of the first chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the research. It presents a description of the organization and methods of the research and the results obtained by all the methods used: “Methodology for the Study of Meaning-Life Orientations” (D.A. Leontiev), “Methodology for the Study of Professional Identity” (L.B. Shneider), “Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire” (R.A. Baer et al, adapted by N.M. Yumartova and N.V. Grishina), “Self-relationship questionnaire” (S.R. Pantileev, V.V. Stolin). The chapter also presents the correlation analysis of the research results. The conclusions of Chapter 2 include the main results of the empirical study. The conclusion summarizes the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses, substantiates the practical significance of the study and describes possible prospects for further development of this issue. / Объектом исследования явилось самоопределение в зрелом возрасте. Предметом исследования стала взаимосвязь личностного и профессионального самоопределения в зрелом возрасте. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (88 источников) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик и сводные результаты исследования на эмпирическом этапе. Объем магистерской диссертации составил 130 страниц, на которых размещены 14 рисунков и 10 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по проблеме соотношения и взаимосвязи личностного и профессионального самоопределения в период зрелости. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию понятия «самоопределение», его видов и показателей (критериев), также описаны психологические особенности лиц зрелого возраста и выделены задачи личностного и профессионального самоопределения у них. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: «Методика изучения смысложизненных ориентаций» (Д.А. Леонтьев), «Методика исследования профессиональной идентичности» (Л.Б. Шнейдер), «Пятифакторный опросник осознанности» (Р.А. Баер и соавт., в адаптации Н.М. Юмартовой и Н.В. Гришиной), «Опросник самоотношения» (С.Р. Пантилеев, В.В. Столин). Также в главе представлен корреляционный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики.

Syfte: Med utgångspunkt från Self Determination Theory belysa hur den autonoma och kontrollerade motivationen påverkas hos medarbetare då företag arbetar budgetlöst med avseende på decentralisering, målstyrning och belöningssystem.  Metod: Studien har utgått från ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv där fenomenet som studerats ses vara av socialkonstruktivistisk art. Teori och empiri har arbetats fram iterativt med hjälp av abduktion där grunden för studien har varit i form av en fallstudie med ett kvalitativt angreppssätt genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuguiden används som utgångspunkt vid kategoriseringen i empirin vilket analysen baseras på.   Resultat & slutsats: Studien tyder på att decentralisering och målstyrning inom budgetlös styrning främst påverkar den autonoma motivationen. Gällande belöningssystem gav inte studien något entydigt resultat men vissa indikationer på att det fanns en risk för att en kontrollerad motivation skulle kunna uppstå. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Till vidare forskning inom budgetlös styrning föreslår vi att undersöka belöningssystem ur ett ledningsperspektiv och påverkan på deras motivation samt att undersöka huruvida det finns ett samband mellan principerna bakom en fungerande decentralisering och motivation.   Studiens bidrag: Teoretiskt bidrar studien med att decentralisering och målstyrning påverkar den autonoma motivationen positivt medans belöningssystem kan bidra till att kontrollerad motivation uppstår. Praktiskt bidrag visar att decentralisering och målstyrning ökar möjligheten till eget ansvar och beslutsfattande, detta bör dock företag arbeta mer aktivt med. / Aim: Based on the self-determination theory shed light on how the autonomous and controlled motivation  affects the employees in companies using beyond budgeting regarding to decentralization , management by objectives and reward systems. Method: This study has a hermeneutic perspective with a base of social constructivism. The theory and the empirical material have been approached iteratively with the help of abduction method. The design of the study is a case study with a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews.The interview guide is used as the basis for categorization of empirical data which the analysis is based upon.   Result & Conclusion: The study suggests that decentralization and management by objectives using beyond budgeting primarily affects the autonomic motivation. Current reward system did not show any unequivocal results but some indications that there was a risk that a controlled motivation could arise.  Suggestions for future research:  For further research in Beyond Budgeting, we propose to investigate the reward system from a management perspective and the impact on their motivation and to investigate whether there is a connection between the principles behind the functioning of decentralization and motivation. Contribution of the thesis: From a theoretical point of view, this study contributes to decentralization and management by objectives primarily affects the autonomous motivation while the reward system may contribute to controlled motivation. Practical contribution shows that decentralization and management by objectives within Beyond Budgeting increases the possibility of personal responsibility and decision-making, this should companies work more actively with.

Hur påverkas projektdeltagarnas motivation i projekt som har en relativt lång tid avsatt för genomförandet och med förhållandevis stora resurser? För att få svar på frågan om motivation i långa projekt genomfördes en empirisk fallstudie via kvalitativa intervjuer av sex projektdeltagare och en projektledare, i ett företag inom tullbranschen. Dessa sju personer var allokerade till ett IT-utvecklingsprojekt. Herzbergs två-faktorteori användes för att beskriva vilka faktorer som påverkat respondenternas motivation. Av studien följer att det är främst tre slags händelser som påverkar projektdeltagarnas motivation. Det är händelser som går att koppla till projektets fasövergångar, händelser som berör projektets målsättning och händelser som handlar om projektets arbetssätt. Avslutningsvis kan konstateras att det är den kontextuella osäkerheten som främst påverkar projektdeltagarnas motivation i ett projekt som pågår under lång tid. Alltså de förändringar som sker i omvärlden mellan tidpunkten för planeringen av projektet och när projektmålet utvärderas. / What affect the project participants’ motivation in projects that have a relatively long period of time set aside for implementation and with relatively large resources? An empirical case study was conducted to answer the question about motivation in long projects by using qualitative interviews of six project participants and one project manager in a company in the customs sector. These seven people were allocated to an IT development project. Herzberg´s two-factor theory was used to describe the factors that influenced the respondents’ motivation. There are mainly three types of events that affects the project participants’ motivation. These are events that can be linked to the project phase transitions, events related to project objectives and events about the project’s methodology. Finally, it can be stated that it is the contextual uncertainty that primarily affect the project participants’ motivation in a project going on for a long time. Thus the changes in the business environment between the time of the planning of the project and when the project objectives are evaluated.

Determination of Parenthood The topic of my thesis is Determination of parenthood. The reason why I chose this topic is because it combines legal, historical, social and ethical aspects. Goal of my thesis is to analyse legal institute and raise awareness about its problems. The thesis is concerned with determination of maternity, determination of paternity and denying of paternity. Diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. First chapter is Introduction, in which I determine the extent of the thesis. Second chapter deals with historical development of legal regulation of determination of parenthood. This chapter comprises of three subchapters. First is concerned with determination of parenthood in ancient Rome. Second explains determination of parenthood in ABGB. Third explains the Czech legal regulation between 1948 and 2014. Third chapter is about contemporary legal regulation. Chapter is divided in three subchapters. First deals with determination of maternity. Second deals with determination of paternity. Third deals with denying of paternity. Fourth chapter reports on decisions of European Court of Human Rights. It outlines concrete cases a tries to summarise, how the court decides in question of determination of parenthood. Last chapter summarises the whole thesis with conclusion that...

Establishing parentage The subject of this master thesis is the issue of establishing parentage. The thesis targets areas of establishing parenthood, issues of three legal presumptions and last but not least, parenthood denial. The question of establishing maternity is examined mainly from perspectives including surrogate maternity, assisted reproduction method and secret and anonymous delivery. All matters are reviewed based on the valid amendment to Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code that has come into effect on 1.1.2014. The goal of the thesis is it to introduce, describe and analyze the new amendment to the Family Act. Further, it aims to compare individual institutions with respect to changes made to the Family Act in the past and those made as a part of the new amendment. The thesis consists of eight key chapters. The initial chapter targets relationships among parents and their children, protection of children's legal rights as well as a child's right to know its biological origin. Following, the second and the third chapters concentrate in depth on legislation of the paternity establishment per se. While the second chapter covers the historical development of the legislation from the ancient Rome era until present, the latter chapter intends to introduce the legislation from domestic,...

Determination of Parenthood Determination of parenthood is very actual topic due to the constant changes of the traditional understanding of the family and family relationships. It is primarily the development of modern medical science, biology or genetics that has brought new concepts into the issue of determination of parenthood. For example surrogacy, assisted reproduction or baby boxes. The legislation must responds to these changes in order to stabilized family relationships and to ensure their protection. The aim of this thesis is to describe and to analyze Czech legal regulation of determination of parenthood and to compare it with not only European but also global legislation. The analyse of valid legal regulation highlights questionable passages that may cause difficulties in its interpretation or practical application. The thesis is composed of nine chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of determination of parenthood. Opening chapter introduces the historical development of relationships between parents and children in Roman and European law. It focuses on legal standards applicable in our country during the period of time from the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic to the present times. Chapter Three is devoted to determination of maternity. It focuses on concealed birth,...

This thesis investigates the use of the Swedish Allsky Meteor Network (SAMN) for observing, identifying, and determining the orbits of satellites. The overall goal of this project is to determine the feasibility of using such a network for Space Situational Awareness (SSA) purposes, which requires identification and monitoring of objects in orbit. This thesis is a collaboration with the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) to support their efforts in SSA. Within the frame of this project, the author developed software that can take data of observations of an object collected from the all-sky cameras of SAMN and do an Initial Orbit Determination (IOD) of the object. An algorithm that improves the results of the IOD was developed and integrated into the software. The software can also identify the object if it is in a database that the program has access to or, if it could not be identified, make an approximate prediction of when and where the object will be visible again the next time it flies over. A program that analyses the stability of the results of the IOD was also developed. This measures the spread in results of the IOD when a small amount of artificial noise is added to one or more of the observed coordinates in the sky. It was found that using multiple cameras at different locations greatly improves the stability of the solutions. Gauss' method was used for doing the IODs. The advantages and disadvantages of using this method are discussed, and ultimately other methods, such as the Gooding method or Double R iteration, are recommended for future works. This is mostly because Gauss' method has a singularity when all three lines of sight from observer to object lie in the same plane, which makes the results unreliable. The software was tested on a number of observations, both synthetic and real, and the results were compared against known data from public databases. It was found that these techniques can, with some changes, be used for doing IOD and satellite identification, but that doing very accurate position determination required for full orbit determination is not feasible. / Detta examensarbete undersöker möjligheterna att använda ett svenskt nätverk av allskykameror kallat SAMN (Swedish Allsky Meteor Network) för att observera, identifiera och banbestämma satelliter. Det övergripande målet med detta projekt är att bestämma hur användbart ett sådant nätverk skulle vara för att skapa en rymdlägesbild, vilken i sin tur kräver bevakning och identifikation av objekt som ligger i omloppsbana. Detta examensarbete är ett samarbete mellan Uppsala Universitet och FOI (Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut). Inom ramen för detta projekt har författaren utvecklat mjukvara som kan ta data från observationer av objekt utförda av SAMN och göra initiala banbestämningar av objekten. En algoritm som förbättrar resultaten av den initiala banbestämningen utvecklades och integrerades i programmen. Programmen kan också identifiera satelliter om de finns med i en databas som programmet har tillgång till eller förutsäga objektets nästa passage över observatören om det inte kunde identifieras. Ett annat program som analyserar känsligheten av resultaten av den initiala banbestämningen utvecklades också. Detta program mäter spridningen i resultat som orsakas av små störningar i de observerade koordinaterna på himlen. Det framkom att stabiliteten av resultaten kan förbättras avsevärt genom att använda flera observatörer på olika orter. I detta projekt användes Gauss metod för att göra banbestämningarna. Metodens för- och nackdelar diskuteras och i slutänden rekommenderas istället andra metoder, som Goodings metod eller Dubbel R-iteration, för framtida arbeten. Detta beror mest på att Gauss metod innehåller en singularitet när alla siktlinjer från observatören till objektet ligger i samma plan som varandra vilket gör resultaten opålitliga i de fallen. Programmen testkördes på ett antal olika observationer, både artificiella och verkliga, och resultaten jämfördes med kända positioner. Slutsatsen av arbetet är att de undersökta teknikerna kan, med vissa modifikationer, användas för att göra initiala banbestämningar och satellitidentifikationer, men att göra de väldigt precisa positionsbestämningarna som krävs för fullständig banbestämning är inte genomförbart.

This thesis addresses the topic of mass influx of refugees and its possible solutions. It examines the concept of prima facie refugee status determination in group situations, which is plentifully used in states of the economic South as a solution to mass influx of refugees. Despite its ample use, it is not entirely clear what can be understood by it. A better way to tackle mass influxes of refugees is sought here in response to the European migration "crisis" which has shed light on the unpreparedness of the Common European Asylum System for a large scale influx. The prima facie refugee status determination is put here as an opposite to individualized refugee status determination, which is assumed by the western doctrine and practice to be the only possible way of determining refugee status under the 1951 Convention. Even though individualized refugee status determination may be an appropriate tool in times of relatively low number of refugees, as it has been the case for a long time at the European continent, it may be different in situations of mass influx of refugees. Such individualized refugee status determination is very costly and lengthy procedure and as such not very suitable for situation of mass influx of refugees. To answer the question of whether the prima facie refugee status...

Bakgrund: Regelbunden fysisk aktivitet är en resurs för hälsa och kan minska riskerna för flertalet ohälsotillstånd som orsakas av åldrande och fysisk inaktivitet. En stor del av seniorerna i samhället når inte upp till de dagliga direktiven för fysisk aktivitet. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka inre och yttre motivationskrafter för motion hos seniorer 60 år och äldre utifrån self-determination theory (SDT). Metod: En kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och involverade 11 deltagare som deltar i en gruppbaserad cirkelträning en gång i veckan. Resultat: Resultatet visar att vad som motiverar seniorerna till att motionera är en blandning av både inre och yttre motivationskrafter. Den inre motivationen visar sig som välbefinnande, glädje och social gemenskap. Den yttre motivationen innefattas av viljan att hålla sig frisk, behålla sin rörlighet samt motionsformens tillgänglighet och kostnad. Konklusion: Ur ett folkhälsoperspektiv kan denna studie vara behjälplig vid utformning av interventioner som främjar den seniora populationens fysiska, psykiska och sociala hälsa. / Background: Regular physical activity is a resource for health and can reduce the risk of several conditions caused by ageing and physical inactivity. A large part of the seniors in the community do not live up to the daily physical activity directions. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate internal and external motivational forces regarding seniors ́, over 60 years of age, engagement in physical exercise from self-determination theory (SDT). Method: The study adopted a qualitative approach, including 11 individual semi structured interviews. The participants attended a group based physical exercise program once a week. Results: The result showed that seniors ́ motivation for physical exercise was a mix between both internal and external motivational forces. The internal motivation manifests as wellbeing, enjoyment and social inclusion. The external motivation includes the voilition to stay well, to retain the mobility and also the accessibility and costs regarding the physical activity. Conclusion: From a public health perspective the study can provide useful information when developing interventions promoting seniors ́ physical, pshycological and social health.