<p>SammanfattningFörfattarna erhöll ett uppdrag från Länsförsäkringar Värmland, vars mål var att undersöka om deras annonsering i telefonkataloger var givande eller inte. Länsförsäkringar Värmland var intresserade av att få reda på hur deras befintliga kunder kontaktade dem, samt vilken informationskanal som då använts. Enligt Internetansvarig, Lina Thomsson, satsar Länsförsäkringar Värmland idag en stor del av deras marknadsföringsbudget på att finnas med i de tryckta telefonkatalogerna i Värmlandsregionen.Syftet med denna magisteruppsats är att undersöka Länsförsäkringar Värmlands kunders beteende i dess informationsökning för att kontakta företaget, samt analysera hur utveckling av denna informationssökning kan komma att se ut. Uppsatsens bidrag till forskningen inom ämnet blir att klargöra hur telefonkatalogens framtid ser ut, vilket även blir författarnas huvudfråga. Uppdragsgivare, Länsförsäkringar Värmland, för uppsatsen eftersträvar att författarna skall besvara särskilda frågor vilket i uppsatsen kommer att kategoriseras som delfrågor. Författarna har använts sig av kvantitativa samt kvalitativa metoder för datainsamlingen. Den kvantitativa insamlingen bygger på 200 strukturerade telefonintervjuer med kunder till Länsförsäkringar Värmland. Därutöver har författarna haft löpande möten med sin uppdragsgivare samt varit på två möten med säljare från Eniro. För att ytterligare öka trovärdigheten har två intervjuer genomförts med presschefer från de två största söktjänstdistributörerna i Sverige.I undersökningarna som utförts har det kunnat utläsas en trend av en ökad Internetanvändning för att få tag i telefonnumret till Länsförsäkringar Värmland. Detta är i linje med vad flera teorier indikerar mot, de vill säga en ökad Internetanvändning. Uppsatsen tar även upp potentiella orsaker till varför en kund bryter ett beteende i åsyftande val av kanal.Den tryckta telefonkatalogen befinner sig en slutfas i produktlivscykeln, men fyller fortfarande en funktion för Länsförsäkringars kunder. Den onlinebaserade telefonkatalogen befinner sig enligt vår analys i en tillväxtfas, vilket kan karaktäriseras bland annat av Eniros ökade försäljning och tekniksatsningar och har således en längre tid framför sig än den tryckta telefonkatalogen har.</p>

SammanfattningFörfattarna erhöll ett uppdrag från Länsförsäkringar Värmland, vars mål var att undersöka om deras annonsering i telefonkataloger var givande eller inte. Länsförsäkringar Värmland var intresserade av att få reda på hur deras befintliga kunder kontaktade dem, samt vilken informationskanal som då använts. Enligt Internetansvarig, Lina Thomsson, satsar Länsförsäkringar Värmland idag en stor del av deras marknadsföringsbudget på att finnas med i de tryckta telefonkatalogerna i Värmlandsregionen.Syftet med denna magisteruppsats är att undersöka Länsförsäkringar Värmlands kunders beteende i dess informationsökning för att kontakta företaget, samt analysera hur utveckling av denna informationssökning kan komma att se ut. Uppsatsens bidrag till forskningen inom ämnet blir att klargöra hur telefonkatalogens framtid ser ut, vilket även blir författarnas huvudfråga. Uppdragsgivare, Länsförsäkringar Värmland, för uppsatsen eftersträvar att författarna skall besvara särskilda frågor vilket i uppsatsen kommer att kategoriseras som delfrågor. Författarna har använts sig av kvantitativa samt kvalitativa metoder för datainsamlingen. Den kvantitativa insamlingen bygger på 200 strukturerade telefonintervjuer med kunder till Länsförsäkringar Värmland. Därutöver har författarna haft löpande möten med sin uppdragsgivare samt varit på två möten med säljare från Eniro. För att ytterligare öka trovärdigheten har två intervjuer genomförts med presschefer från de två största söktjänstdistributörerna i Sverige.I undersökningarna som utförts har det kunnat utläsas en trend av en ökad Internetanvändning för att få tag i telefonnumret till Länsförsäkringar Värmland. Detta är i linje med vad flera teorier indikerar mot, de vill säga en ökad Internetanvändning. Uppsatsen tar även upp potentiella orsaker till varför en kund bryter ett beteende i åsyftande val av kanal.Den tryckta telefonkatalogen befinner sig en slutfas i produktlivscykeln, men fyller fortfarande en funktion för Länsförsäkringars kunder. Den onlinebaserade telefonkatalogen befinner sig enligt vår analys i en tillväxtfas, vilket kan karaktäriseras bland annat av Eniros ökade försäljning och tekniksatsningar och har således en längre tid framför sig än den tryckta telefonkatalogen har.

Att dejta idag är annorlunda från hur det var för 12 år sedan. I takt med den ökade digitaliseringen har dejtingappar så som Tinder blivit allt vanligare och en av de största plattformarna för digital dejting. Tinders utformning bygger på en spelifierad swipefunkton där användarna genom bilder och textbeskrivning väljer vem de vill träffa. Syftet med denna studie är att problematisera huruvida dejtingappar haft en inverkan på relationsskapande och intimitet sedan Tinders introduktion på marknaden i ett senmodernt samhälle. Genom en kvalitativ studie utfördes 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer med Tinderanvändare i åldrarna 20-45. Materialet analyserades med hjälp av socialpsykologiska teorier med utgångspunkt i Giddens (1995) teorier om intimitet och relationsskapande. Utifrån en kritisk samhällsvetenskaplig metod analyserades materialet med hjälp av en reflexiv analys där resultatet visade att intimitet och relationer till stor del påverkats av Tinders uppkomst och är under en omvandling. Vi fann bland annat att det stora utbudet skapar komplikationer att finna kärleken samt att identiteten vi skapar online inte alltid är representativ för vår offline-identitet, vilket ytterligare försvårar dejtandet i det digitala senmoderna samhället. / Dating today is different from 12 years ago. With the increased digitalization, dating apps such as Tinder have become increasingly common and one of the largest platforms for digital dating. Tinder's design is based on a gamified swipe function where users choose who they want to meet through pictures and text descriptions. The purpose of this study is to problematize whether dating apps have a negative impact in creating relationships and intimacy since Tinder's introduction to the market in a late modernity. Through a qualitative study, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Tinder users aged 20-45. The material was analyzed using social psychological theories based on Giddens (1995) theories of intimacy and creating relationships. Using a critical approach, the material was analyzed using reflexive analysis, with the results showing that intimacy and relationships have been greatly influenced by the emergence of Tinder and are undergoing a transformation. We found, among other things, that the vast selection creates complications in finding love and that the identity we create online is not always representative of our offline identity, further complicating dating in the digital late modern society.

The aim for this master thesis is to create an understanding of the intersubjective processes of how individuals are experimenting with their identities in social media and the consequences for the identity and embodiment. The thesis is completed with the help of discourse analysis and a starting point in four complementary theories. Central to the implementation of the analysis is the concept of diffraction. Therefore the thesis is, which is reflected in the choice of theoretical approaches and methods, critical to many aspects of classical philosophy of science and method. The empirical material is based on interviews. During the analysis the theory is applied to empirical data received from the interviews, but the empirical data will also be used as inspiration for examining my chosen theories. The analysis covers several topics. First I discuss how a web-identity is constructed and how this can be considered as a process of negotiation with other users on the same website. Furthermore I discuss how my informants negotiate about boundaries conserning sexuality and corporeality, but that the subjective boundaries shift in the encounter between different discursive claim to legitimate expression of body and sexuality. In the final section, before the final discussion, I discuss the body's impacts on communication on a website. During the final discussion several questions are being raised. Centrally, however, is how the essays selected theories help to demonstrate how the negotiation of boundaries in social media is complex, and that experimentation with the identity of a website partly dependent on society's other discourses on gender, body and desires. But it is also discussed how discourses of gender, body and desire is shifted inside the selected websites, and that these sites creates new opportunities for identification and self-knowledge.

Submitted by Automação e Estatística (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-07-02T21:38:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DominiqueDosSantosTiago_DISSERT.pdf: 3876931 bytes, checksum: c8bf52241dd0815d350eca4a2b642532 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-07-09T11:50:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DominiqueDosSantosTiago_DISSERT.pdf: 3876931 bytes, checksum: c8bf52241dd0815d350eca4a2b642532 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-09T11:50:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DominiqueDosSantosTiago_DISSERT.pdf: 3876931 bytes, checksum: c8bf52241dd0815d350eca4a2b642532 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-28 / A convivência com os animais de companhia em nossas casas, famílias, entre nossos amigos, em lugares públicos, em eventos privados, no mundo online/offline, pode estar se moldando e sendo moldada pelas interações e rituais convencionais dos humanos. Além da preocupação com o bem-estar do animal, condenando a “desumanidade” em relação aos maus-tratos, a relação de afeto, de empatia, faz com que o animal como ator possa ser construído e movimentar-se em sociedade, possui agência animal, como sugere Osório (2016). Na medida em que se torna ator social e passa a ter possibilidade de acesso a direitos sociais ou, pelo menos, possibilidade de acesso online, produz redes complexas de relacionamentos e estratégias de construção de subjetividades complexas entre humanos e não humanos. / Living with companion species in our homes, families, among our friends, in public places, in private events, in the online/offline world, may be shaping and being shaped by the conventional interactions and rituals of humans. In addition to concern for animal welfare, condemning "inhumanity" in relation to ill-treatment, a relationship of affection, empathy, makes the animal as an actor intended to be built and move in society, has animal agency, as Osório suggests (2016). Insofar as it becomes a social actor, and it passes the possibility of access to social rights or, at least, possibility of online access, it produces complex networks of relationships and structures of construction of complex subjectivities between humans and nonhumans.

Technical advances have made it possible for small enterprises to go international already at inception since the internet has made the internationalization process cost-effective. With the existence of the offline and online arena, the companies have to consider how they allocate their resources between these fields; not allocating resources to offline methods can save money, but could reduce adaptation to the new market which can lead to reduced firm performance. However, overspending on offline methods can be costly and could jeopardize the financial stability of the company. Although this is noted by previous research, little is still known about how companies balance the resources between online and offline presence. Especially when it comes to e-commerce companies and how the benefits of online and offline presence are balanced by this type of firms in their expansion into foreign markets. This is also what is meant to be explored in this paper. The data has been collected through semi-structured interviews with seven Swedish e-commerce companies that have internationalized their operations in an active way. The results show that online and offline benefits can be divided into four categories, namely local knowledge, local connection, promotion and services. These categories could in turn bring benefits to the company that are either substitutable, non-substitutable or complementary. The findings indicate that firms could balance their resources in online and offline presence in order to gain benefits that cannot be found in the counterparts of each presence. This could be of interest for entrepreneurs and managers that plan to engage in internationalization within e-commerce.

Through the research methods of questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews, this study aims to explore the identity construction process of Chinese youth in mobile games and its influencing factors. It has been found that players' identity construction is a complex, multidimensional, and dynamic process in which gaming experiences, social interactions, consumption behaviors, and emotional responses are key factors in construction of identity. Specifically, players construct and express their self-identity in mobile games through character selection, completion of in-game tasks, and in-game social interactions; online and offline social interactions enhance players' sense of belonging and recognition of their identity; players' consumption of virtual items improves players' status in the gaming community and their sense of self-recognition; and in-game emotional experiences have a significant impact on identity construction and recognition. In addition, gender stereotypes still exist in mobile games and have some degree of influence on players' identity construction in mobile games. Further, this study also focuses on analyzing the impact of the convergence of online and offline identities on Chinese youth's identity construction. This convergence promotes youth identity in both online and offline communities, reinforcing the influence of gaming culture in players' lives and blurring their self-presentation in different environments. However, while this convergence is an irreversible trend, there are specific types of games where players are avoiding it as much as possible because they want to establish distinct boundaries between online and offline identities for a better gaming experience and to try to explore more different identities in an anonymous environment. The contributions of this study are, first, to extend the application of identity construction and identity theory to online spaces and mobile games. Second, this study analyzes the behavioral patterns and characteristics of Chinese youth's identity construction in mobile games, demonstrating the new dynamics of youth identity construction in digital culture. Third, the results of the study provide theoretical support and relevance for understanding the behavior and psychology of contemporary Chinese youth in mobile games, and provide practical references for the fields of game design and policy making. In addition, this study has certain limitations, such as the small sample size and the primary reliance on qualitative data, which may lead to generalizability of the findings to be further verified, as well as the possibility of some degree of social desirability bias. Therefore, future research can be conducted to further validate and enrich the findings of this study by expanding the sample size, combining behavioral data and empirical research. It is worth to note that with the popularization of VR, AR and AI technologies, the boundaries of identity construction in offline and online spaces may be further blurred, and identity research will also be expected to usher in new theoretical challenges and opportunities, which provides a broad space for future research.

abstract: Decades of research in cyberpsychology and human-computer interaction has pointed to a strong distinction between the online and offline worlds, suggesting that attitudes and behaviors in one domain do not necessarily generalize to the other. However, as humans spend increasing amounts of time in the digital world, psychological understandings of safety may begin to influence human perceptions of threat while online. This dissertation therefore examines whether perceived threat generalizes between domains across archival, correlational, and experimental research methods. Four studies offer insight into the relationship between objective indicators of physical and online safety on the levels of nation and state; the relationship between perceptions of these forms of safety on the individual level; and whether experimental manipulations of one form of threat influence perceptions of threat in the opposite domain. In addition, this work explores the impact of threat perception-related personal and situational factors, as well as the impact of threat type (i.e., self-protection, resource), on this hypothesized relationship. Collectively, these studies evince a positive relationship between physical and online safety in macro-level actuality and individual-level perception. Among individuals, objective indicators of community safety—as measured by zip code crime data—were a positive reflection of perceptions of physical safety; these perceptions, in turn, mapped onto perceived online safety. The generalization between perceived physical threat and online threat was stronger after being exposed to self-protection threat manipulations, possibly underscoring the more dire nature of threats to bodily safety than those to valuable resources. Most notably, experimental findings suggest that it is not the physical that informs the digital, but rather the opposite: Online threats blur more readily into physical domains, possibly speaking to the concern that dangers specific to the digital world will bleed into the physical one. This generalization of threat may function as a strategy to prepare oneself for future dangers wherever they might appear; and indeed, perceived threat in either world positively influenced desires to act on recommended safety practices. Taken together, this research suggests that in the realm of threat perception, the boundaries between physical and digital are less rigid than may have been previously believed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2017

Malgré une littérature abondante sur les conséquences des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC), cette littérature n'aborde que trop peu les conséquences sociétales, qu'elles soient positives ou négatives, intentionnelles ou non. Parce que les interactions se propagent au-delà de l'espace en ligne et de ces conséquences paradoxales, les défis sociétaux sont un problème complexe. C'est pour ces raisons que nous avons besoin d'une meilleure compréhension des problèmes sociaux complexes. Pour ce faire, nous avons adopté le modèle de la thèse sur travaux. Les trois études de ce travail de doctorat adoptent une approche qualitative et un positionnement réaliste critique. Nous examinons un premier cas : celui du Printemps Arabe et l'utilisation de Facebook. Etudier ces types d'événements contemporains ne vient pas sans difficultés analytiques. Par conséquent, nous utilisons un outil d'analyse sémiotique pour faire face à la complexité représentationnelle des données recueillies. Enfin, les communautés en ligne peuvent également générer des coûts sociaux en fournissant un espace se faisant l'écho à des comportements socialement indésirables. / Despite the wide literature on the consequences of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) use, the literature still lacks understanding about the societal consequences, positive or negative, intended or unintended. Consequences of technology usages on society are paradoxical. The paradoxical outcomes can be threat to the sustainability of society. Because interactions spread beyond the online space and its outcomes are paradoxical, societal challenges are complex problem. To harvest society, we need a better understanding of social complex problems. To do so, we adopted a multi-study dissertation model. The three studies of this doctoral work adopt a qualitative approach and a critical realist philosophy.We look at a first case: The Arab Spring and aim at understanding how an online community that started on Facebook materialized in urban space, changing the political landscape. Addressing these contemporaneous events does not come without analytical challenges. Therefore, we use and extend a semiotic analytical tool to face the representational complexity: Finally, online communities can also have social costs by providing an echo chamber to socially undesirable behaviors.

This thesis examines the social media habits and preferences of female representatives of older Generation Z. The study aims to explore how individuals of this fraction of Gen Z choose social media platforms and content, interact with them and how social media is connected to their offline lives to understand female representatives of older Gen Z as a media audience. Using semi-structured interviews and observations data were gathered to be analyzed through the prism of a constructed theoretical framework uniting lifeworld theory, media repertoires theory, and worthwhileness theory to contextualize participants' experiences and motivations.  The findings reveal that regardless of similar needs older Gen Z women seek to satisfy on social media, they distribute functions between platforms differently and need no fewer than 3 platforms in their social media repertoires to meet their varied needs. The selection of these platforms is influenced by factors such as the capacity for public connection, normative pressures, technological aspects, situational fit, and content format offered. Emotional engagement, authenticity, and relatability were found to be key drivers of content consumption and interaction, with a preference for visual and short- form video content. The study also highlights the reciprocal relationship between online and offline experiences, showing how social media shapes and is shaped by participants' real-life contexts, which contextualizes criteria they measure social media platforms and content against in their offline lives and makes this study relevant beyond the digital sphere.  The findings contribute to understanding Gen Z as a social media audience and inform marketing strategies and audience engagement efforts, but also contribute to the understanding of digital anthropology, cultural transmission, and identity formation in the digital age. It underscores the evolving dynamics of social interaction, the need for data security awareness, and the potential to predict social trends.