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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
371

Organizações sociais e políticas públicas : inserção da Fetraf-Sul nas políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e nutricional

Conti, Irio Luiz January 2016 (has links)
O objetivo geral desta tese foi compreender as mudanças ocorridas no interior de organizações sociais da agricultura familiar, como a Fetraf-Sul, em virtude de sua participação na formulação e implantação de políticas públicas de segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN). Para concretizar os objetivos foram utilizados os enfoques teóricos da Contentious Politics e da Perspectiva Orientada ao Ator. A investigação se caracterizou por ser um estudo de caso e privilegiou a abordagem qualitativa, auxiliada pela quantitativa. Optou-se por duas unidades de análise, sendo uma em Brasília, Distrito Federal, e outra no município de Constantina, no Rio Grande do Sul. As entrevistas semiestruturadas foram a principal técnica de coleta de dados, mediante entrevistas de 63 informantes-chave, complementadas com diário de campo, observação participante e dados secundários de acervos de instituições públicas, entidades e organizações sociais. A tese de fundo desta pesquisa é que a definição das formas de organização e ação e das estratégias dos movimentos e organizações sociais é, em parte, estruturada em função da forma como se configuram as relações com os atores e instituições político-administrativas. Essas formas se explicam, parcialmente, por sua inserção relacional na qual as relações com o Estado são centrais. Neste sentido, a mudança de relações baseadas, centralmente, no confronto para relações baseadas, centralmente, na cooperação conflituosa oportunizou e, por vezes, demandou transformações importantes na organização e na atuação da Fetraf-Sul Os principais resultados da investigação são organizados em cinco conclusões. A primeira é que a análise da inserção da Fetraf-Sul nas políticas públicas levou ao resultado teórico explicitado na conformação de um novo padrão de relações entre o Estado e os movimentos e organizações sociais, sobretudo, expresso na cooperação por formulação de políticas públicas e na sua execução qualificada por parte das organizações sociais. A segunda realça que a Fetraf-Sul aproveitou as oportunidades políticas que se abriram nos vários espaços para construir políticas públicas, com base em relações de cooperação com o Estado, que se tornaram efetivas e contribuíram para melhorar a vida dos agricultores familiares. A terceira é que o sindicalismo rural e a segurança alimentar e nutricional se constituíram com trajetórias e relações estanques entre si e com o Estado. Este, em boa medida, segue adotando políticas públicas setorializadas no espaço rural e submete as organizações sociais à mesma lógica na sua execução. A quarta é que, apesar de diversas iniciativas de políticas públicas incrementadas pela Fetraf-Sul e suas organizações filiadas, especialmente pelas mulheres agricultoras familiares, a SAN não se constituiu em prioridade política em sua agenda, nem recebeu atenção acentuada por parte de suas estruturas sindicais. Ademais, a partir de 2012 a cooperação nas políticas de SAN enfraqueceu nas duas esferas de governo e se tornou mais conflituosa, sobretudo devido às mudanças na operacionalização do PAA em âmbito federal e de governo em Constantina A quinta evidencia que ocorreram mudanças na profissionalização de dirigentes e da equipe técnica, na passagem de processos de formação para projetos de capacitação, na moderação do discurso da Fetraf, na ampliação de suas estruturas organizativas e na criação de organizações específicas para responder às novas exigências decorrentes de sua inserção na formulação e execução de políticas públicas. / The overall objective of this thesis was to comprehend the changes that occurred within social organizations of family farming, as Fetraf-Sul, due to its participation in formulating and implementing public policies for food and nutrition security (SAN). In order to accomplish this goal, theoretical approaches of Contentious Politics and Actor Perspective were used. The investigation was characterized as a case study and it favored a qualitative approach, supported by a quantitative approach. Two units of analysis were chosen, one in Brasília, in the Federal District, and another one in Constantina municipality, in Rio Grande do Sul. Semi-structured interviews were the main technique used for data collecting, through 63 keyinformants, complemented by a field diary, participant observation and secondary data collection from public institutions records, entities and organizations. The background thesis of this research is that the definition of forms of organizations and action, movement strategies, social organizations is, partly, structured based on how the relationship between actors and political-administrative institutions is built. These forms can be explained, in some measure, because of its relational insertion in which the relationship with the State is central. In this sense, the change of relations based chiefly on confrontation to relations based chiefly on conflicting cooperation has provided and, sometimes, demanded important changes in the organization and action of Fetraf-Sul. The main results of the investigation were organized into five conclusions The first one is that the analysis of the insertion of Fetraf-Sul in public policies led to a theoretical result shown in the arrangement of a new pattern of relationship between the State and social movements and organizations, specially expressed in the cooperation to develop public policies and their qualified implementation in social organizations. The second one emphasizes that Fetraf-Sul took political opportunities that were present in many areas in order to build public policies which, based on cooperative relations with the State, became effective and contributed to improve the life of family farmers. The third one is that rural unionism and food and nutrition security have been constituted through trajectories and tight relations with each other and the State. This, largely, keeps adopting sectorial public policies in rural areas and submits social organizations to the same implementation. The fourth one states that, despite diverse initiatives incremented by Fetraf-Sul and its affiliated organizations in public policies, mostly by women farmers, SAN has not been constituted with political priority in its agenda, not even has received special attention by union structures. Furthermore, since 2012 cooperation in the policies of SAN has weakened in the two levels of government and has become more conflicting, mainly because of the changes in the operationalization of PAA in the federal and governmental scope of Constantina The fifth one shows that changes have occurred in the professionalization of managers and technical staff, in making formation processes into qualification projects, in the moderation of the discourse of Fetraf, in the expansion of its organizational structures and in the development of specific organizations for the purpose of responding to new demands resulting from its insertion in the formulation and implementation of public policies.
372

Možnosti podnikání na brazilském trhu

Říhová, Michaela January 2010 (has links)
The objective of the diploma thesis is to analyze potential of the Brazilian market for Czech companies. The thesis focuses on defining the most promising areas for the Czech export and also addresses the barriers to entry that can prevent Czech entrepreneurs from successful entry into Brazil.
373

Estudo da incorporação da acessibilidade à atividade na análise da demanda por viagens encadeadas / Incorporation of accessibility to opportunities on the activity-based travel demand analysis

Silva, Mateus Araújo e 25 November 2011 (has links)
O objetivo desta pesquisa é validar a hipótese de que a acessibilidade à oportunidades influencia o comportamento dos padrões de viagens desempenhados pelos indivíduos. Para realizar a verificação desta hipótese foi formulado um procedimento (um teste de hipótese) baseado em um estudo de caso realizado na cidade de Uberlândia, utilizando informações sobre: (i) as características dos deslocamentos dos indivíduos, suas características demográficas e de participação em atividades; (ii) informações sobre o sistema de transportes, e; (iii) informações sobre a distribuição espacial das atividades. Para atingir a finalidade proposta na tese, foram elaborados procedimentos que constituem no processo de verificação da hipótese nula, constituído pelas seguintes etapas: (i) tratamento dos dados; (ii) construção das variáveis (iii) proposta para avaliação da acessibilidade no contexto da formação dos padrões de viagens; (iv) escolha de técnicas de modelagem do comportamento individual referente às decisões sobre padrões de viagens; (v) seleção das técnicas estatísticas para avaliação da significância das variáveis e desempenho dos modelos; (vi) modelagem para simulação do comportamento individual em três níveis de decisão da programação diária de atividades, modo de viagem, destino da atividade primária e padrão de viagens, e; (vii) análise dos resultados obtidos e conclusão sobre a hipótese. Após a realização do experimento realizado com as informações da cidade de Uberlândia, concluiu-se que pela verificação realizada não há elementos para rejeitar a hipótese nula, ou seja, a acessibilidade a oportunidades influencia o comportamento dos padrões de viagens encadeadas desempenhados pelos indivíduos. / The main aim of this work is to submit to a validation test the hypothesis that the accessibility to opportunities influences individuals\' trip chaining behavior. To perform the hypothesis test a procedure was developed on a study case in the city of Uberlandia, using data about: (i) characteristics of the individuals\' trips, their demographic features and activity participation; (ii) transportation system information, and; (iii) information about the spatial distribution of activities. To achieve the purpose of the thesis, it was developed procedures which consist in the hypothesis test, made by the following stages: (i) data processing; (ii) setting of the variables; (iii) a proposal to evaluate the accessibility on the context of trip chaining patterns; (iv) choosing modeling techniques to represent individual behavior regarding to its decisions on trip chaining patterns; (v) selection of statistical techniques for measures of model and variable performance; (vi) modeling individual behavior on three decision levels of the daily activity schedule, mode choice, destination choice and trip chaining patterns, and; (vii) discussion of the results and conclusion about the hypothesis. The main conclusion is that the hypothesis cannot be rejected, i.e., accessibility to opportunities influences individuals\' trip chaining behavior.
374

Limitadores e oportunidades da cadeia produtiva da piscicultura no sudeste do Tocantins

Tavares, Thiago Guimarães 22 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-09-21T15:12:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Guimarães Tavares_.pdf: 1283558 bytes, checksum: b458af354b61f6414921f26690f0c06f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T15:12:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Guimarães Tavares_.pdf: 1283558 bytes, checksum: b458af354b61f6414921f26690f0c06f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-22 / Nenhuma / O objetivo do trabalho é a compreensão sobre como os aspectos técnicos, regulatórios e econômicos impactam na cadeia produtiva da piscicultura no Sudeste do Tocantins. O consumo de pescado tem aumentado gradativamente, considerando-se tanto a demanda mundial, quanto a do mercado brasileiro. A causa desse aumento de consumo, pode ser resumida pelo aumento da população e pela necessidade de se consumir alimentos mais saudáveis e nutritivos, como o peixe. O Estado do Tocantins tem apresentado um grande crescimento na cadeia produtiva da piscicultura, e o sudeste do Estado é responsável por mais da metade dessa produção. Esse crescimento tem impactado positivamente em vários setores gerando emprego e arrecadação. Apesar de um notável desenvolvimento do setor nos últimos anos, encontra-se na literatura relatos de que limitadores devem ser transpostos para que a cadeia se estabeleça de forma sustentável. Dentre as lacunas apresentadas estão as relativas aos aspectos técnicos, regulatórios e econômicos, consideradas como os maiores entraves de crescimento da cadeia da piscicultura. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho utiliza-se como metodologia a aplicação de um estudo de caso que se desenvolve através de entrevistas com diversos elos importantes da cadeia. Busca-se, após a caracterização da cadeia compreender como os aspectos estão impactando a cadeia no Sudeste do Estado. / The objective is the understanding of how the technical, regulatory and economic aspects impact the productive chain of fish farming in Southeastern Tocantins. The fish consumption has gradually increased, considering both global demand, and the Brazilian market. The cause of this increase in consumption can be summed up by the increase in population and the need to consume more healthy and nutritious foods, such as fish. The State of Tocantins has shown strong growth in the productive chain of fish, and the southeast of the State is responsible for more than half of this production. This growth has impacted positively in various sectors generating jobs and revenue. Despite a remarkable development of the sector in recent years, it is reported in the literature that constraints must be tackled so that the chain is established sustainably. Among the gaps presented are those relating to technical, regulatory and economic, regarded as the biggest barriers to the growth of the fish chain. In this context, this study establishes the theme of the production chain in Southeastern Tocantins fish. For the development work is used as a methodology to apply a case study that is developed through interviews with several important links in the chain. After that impact the chain in the Southeastern State are described and characterized.
375

The Efficacy of Charter Schools in the San Bernardino City Unified School District Meeting the Needs of Students with Disabilities

Jones, Gregory A 01 June 2014 (has links)
Abstract The aim of charter schools is to provide equal learning opportunities for all children, particularly those with disabilities; the results, though, are mixed. Some charter school students fare better than traditional school students, while others do worse. The exception is students with disabilities, where they excel and outperform in the charter school environment. This is not the case with San Bernardino City Unified School District charter school students with disabilities. Not only do they not outperform their regular education peers, but actually regress in their academic performance.
376

Evidenciando as desigualdades digitais: uma análise da influência da autonomia de uso e habilidades digitais no aproveitamento de oportunidades online / Evidencing Digital Inequalities: analyzing the influences of autonomy of use and Internet skills on harnessing online opportunities

Araujo, Marcelo Henrique de 28 March 2019 (has links)
Esta tese visa analisar de que maneira as condições de acesso à Internet (autonomia de uso) e fatores sociodemográficos (idade, gênero, classe social e área geográfica) influenciam o desenvolvimento de habilidades digitais e como essas, por sua vez, afetam o aproveitamento de oportunidades online. A partir da literatura do campo de exclusão digital e da lente teórica do modelo de campos correspondentes desenvolveu-se um modelo de pesquisa que norteou as análises empreendidas nesta investigação. Para tanto, foi adotada uma estratégia metodológica quantitativa tendo como base os microdados das edições de 2014 e 2016 da pesquisa TIC Domicílios coordenada pelo Centro Regional de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento da Sociedade da Informação (Cetic.br). A investigação empreendida nesta tese está contemplada em três artigos inter-relacionadas para os quais aplicou-se as seguintes técnicas estatísticas multivariadas para o tratamento e análise de dados: análise de conglomerados, análise fatorial para dados binários, regressão logística binária e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados desta investigação evidenciam que a simples disponibilização do acesso à Internet (foco de ações e políticas que promovem a inclusão digital) não é suficiente para o aproveitamento de oportunidades online, em virtude das desigualdades digitais existentes em termos de autonomia de uso e nos níveis de habilidades digitais. Em síntese, os achados da pesquisa apontam que indivíduos de maior status socioeconômico (maior classe social, escolaridade e renda) tendem a se conectar à Internet por meio de dispositivos computacionais e móveis (multiplataforma) e em uma maior variedade de locais de acesso, consequentemente, alcançando maior nível de autonomia de uso, o qual tende a influenciar positivamente nos diferentes níveis de habilidades digitais, contribuindo para melhor usufruir as oportunidades online de domínio econômico, social e pessoal. Em contrapartida, usuários de menor status socioeconômico (classe DE) tendem a apresentar menor nível de autonomia de uso (conectando-se exclusivamente pelo celular), potencialmente implicando em menores níveis de competência digital, ocasionando em um menor aproveitamento de oportunidades online, principalmente no domínio econômico. Em linhas gerais, esses achados demonstram que as desigualdades sociais previamente existentes no mundo social (offline) tendem a ser mantidas e amplificadas no universo digital. Além de permitir uma análise em profundidade do fenômeno da exclusão digital no Brasil, tais achados podem contribuir para avaliação e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de inclusão digital. / This doctorate thesis aims to analyze how the conditions of Internet access (autonomy of use) and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, social class and geographic area) influence the development of digital skills and how these in turn affect the harnessing of online opportunities. From the literature of the digital divide field and the theoretical lens of the corresponding fields model, a research model was developed to guide the analyzes undertaken in this research. Thus, a quantitative approach was adopted based on the microdata of the 2014 and 2016 editions of the ICT Households survey coordinated by the Regional Center for Studies on the Development of the Information Society (Cetic.br). The research undertaken in this doctorate thesis is contemplated in three interrelated papers for which the following multivariate statistical techniques were applied for the treatment and analysis of data: cluster analysis, binary factor analysis, binary logistic regression and multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that the simple availability of Internet access (which is the focus of policies that promote digital inclusion) is not enough to take advantage of online opportunities due to the existing digital inequalities in terms of autonomy of use and levels of digital skills. In summary, the research findings point out that individuals of higher socioeconomic status (higher social class, level of education and income) tend to access the Internet through computer and mobile devices (multiplatform) and in a greater variety of locations, consequently, reaching a greater level of autonomy of use, which tends to influence positively in the different levels of Internet skills, contributing to take advantage of online opportunities of economic, social and personal domains. On the other hand, users of lower socioeconomic status tend to have a lower level of autonomy of use (connecting exclusively via mobile), potentially implying in lower levels of digital competence, leading to less harnessing of online opportunities, especially in the economic domain. These findings demonstrate that social inequalities previously existing in the social world (offline) tend to be maintained and amplified in the digital universe. In addition to allowing an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon of digital divide in Brazil, such findings can contribute to the evaluation and development of public policies for digital inclusion.
377

Two Essays on Multiple Directorships

Chen, Chia-wei 10 July 2008 (has links)
This dissertation includes two related chapters that investigate the value of multiple directorships. In the first chapter, I focus on potential tradeoffs between the costs and benefits of multiple directorships held by outside directors and attempt to determine how firm characteristics affect such tradeoffs. It is widely believed that outside directors of a firm play important functions of monitoring and advising. As a result, the basic hypothesis of the first essay is that multiple directorships by outside directors can have different implications for firms that have different levels of monitoring and advising needs. Consistent with this hypothesis, the evidence suggests that firm performance is positively associated with multiple directorships for firms with high growth opportunities and low agency conflicts. Such firms would benefit more from better advising while not suffering much from less monitoring. Likewise, firm performance is negatively associated with multiple directorships for firms with low growth opportunities and high agency conflicts. In the second essay, I examine how multiple directorships held by outside directors affect shareholder wealth during acquisitions. The evidence indicates that not all busy outside directors have the same effect and some types of busy outside directors may benefit the firms.
378

我國上市公司會計盈餘、成長機會與股價變動關聯性之研究 / The relationship between accounting earnings, growth opportunities and variance of stock price in Taiwan's stock-listed companies

許淑蕙, Sheu, Shwu-Huey Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要是在探討成長機會與股價變動的關係,並檢視考慮各公司間成長機會差異與盈餘特續性變數後,是否會增加盈餘資訊內涵之解釋能力。一般而言,盈餘資訊確具資訊內涵,唯解釋能力不高(Lev, 1989)。本研究首先分析成長機會與股票報酬的關聯性;同時透過分析成長機會與盈餘間關係的推演,亦可進一步確定盈餘與成長機會對股票報酬真正的影響程度。 本研究分析民國 81 年至 85 年股票上市公司資料(排除金融、保險、百貨、觀光及變更交易方式的公司),經由模式建立與假說驗證,得到下列幾項發現: 一、由二種不同會計盈餘衡量的實證結果來看,“以期股價平減的會計報酬率”是股票報酬的解釋變數,且其 t 值檢定均達 0.01 的顯著水準。 二、代表成長機會的權益市價淨值比、營收成長率及經常淨利成長率是股票報酬的解釋變數,且其 t 值檢定達 0.05 或 0.01 的顯著水準。 三、關於成長機會與盈餘關係之測試,結果顯示,代表會計盈餘的每股稅後經常淨利與成長機會具有顯著正相關;代表會計盈餘的每股營運現金流量與成長機會的關係不顯著或是呈現負相關。 四、另外,關於成長機會與盈餘兩者對股票報酬關係之測試,結果顯示,代表交互作用變數之係數時而為顯著負相關,時而不顯著,故成長機會與盈餘兩者對股票報酬具有正向關聯的假設,未獲實證資料的支持。 / The major purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between growth opportunities and variance of stock price. and to indicate that the inclusion of impact of different growth opportunities in addition to earnings persistence among firms, whether the results can improve the explanatory power of information content. Lev(1989) demonstrated that accounting earnings is an useful information but its usefulness is quite unstable. First of all, this study is to analysize the association between growth opportunities and stock returns, and through the deduction of analysizing the reationship between growth opportunities and earnings, the true effect of growth oppotunities in addition to earnings on stock rate of returns can be identified further. To test the hypotheses, this study uses the data of Twiwanese listed companies covering the period from 1992 to 1996. The empirical fingings can be summarized as follows: 一、With regard to the empirical results for two different accounting earnings measures, including taxs adjusted operating profit and cash flow from operation, which we can find that the factor related to stock price deflated accounting earnings has significant association with stock returns. 二、The growth opportunities regression coefficients are 0.05 or 0.01 in the regression of proxies for growth oppotunities, including book-to-market equity, sales growth ratio, and operating profit growth rate on stock rate of returns. 三、The tests regarding the relationship between growth opportunities and earnings show that the coefficients based on the stock price deflated operating profit are positive significance; and those based on the stock price deflated cash flows from operation are insignificant or negative significance. 四、The tests regarding the relationship between the interaction of growth opportunities in addition to earnings and stock rate of returns show that the coefficients of the variable proxies for interaction are unstable. The hypothesis that the interaction response coefficients of growth opportunities in addition to earnings and stock rate of returns are positive relations is not supported by empirical evidence.
379

A Study of Moment Recursion Models for Tactical Planning of a Job Shop: Literature Survey and Research Opportunities

Teo, Chee Chong 01 1900 (has links)
The Moment Recursion (MR) models are a class of models for tactical planning of job shops or other processing networks. The MR model can be used to determine or approximate the first two moments of production quantities and queue lengths at each work station of a job shop. Knowledge of these two moments is sufficient to carry out a variety of performance evaluation, optimization and decision-support applications. This paper presents a literature survey of the Moment-Recursion models. Limitations in the existing research and possible research opportunities are also discussed. Based on the research opportunities discussed, we are in the process of building a model that attempts to fill these research gaps. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
380

Die staatliche Initiative zur Frauenförderung in der Privatwirtschaft in Belgien / The State´s initiative for equal opportunities for women in the private sector in Belgium

Kuhl, Mara January 2000 (has links)
Die Politikfeldanalyse der belgischen Frauenförderpolitik für die Privatwirtschaft wird anhand eines Analyserasters für Gleichstellungspolitik durchgeführt. Nach einer Einführung in das politische System Belgiens und die gesellschaftspolitischen Bedingungen für Gleichstellungspolitik wird die staatliche Initivative für Gleichstellung in der Privatwirtschaft dargestellt. Die Analyse der Policy bezieht die relevanten politischen, verwaltungstechnischen und gesellschaftlichen Faktoren ein und nutzt Analyseinstrumente der Verwaltungswissenschaft und der feministischen Politikwissenschaft. / The Belgian equal opportunities policy for women in the private sector is analysed with an analytical framework useful for assessing gender equality policies. The text comprehends an introduction into the Belgian political system and the societal conditions for equal opportunity policies. The public policy for gender equality in the private sector is analysed borrowing analytical methods from Public Administration and feminist research on gender and the state.

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