The success of applied behavior analysis (ABA) interventions relies heavily on adherence to measures of social importance. One area identified by caregivers, educators, and researchers as having social importance is the area of daily living skills; particularly in populations of children with special needs. A number of studies employed the use of a task analysis to objectively measure toothbrushing, with various training procedures utilized. Behavioral Skills Training (BST) is an effective procedure used to train a variety of skills. Further, research indicates the addition of an in situ assessment promotes generalization of trained skills. The current study examined the use of a task analysis and BST with in situ assessment to systematically measure and train toothbrushing skills in children with special needs. Training procedures were adapted from a similar study by Poche, McCubbrey, & Munn (1982). Five children participated in this study; four male and one female; each having a medical diagnosis indicating special needs. Objective and subjective measures were obtained with a task analysis data sheet and a pre/post intervention parent surveys. Results indicate the intervention successfully increased correct toothbrushing responses in four of the five participants. For the other participant, the intervention had no effect. Fading assessments were conducted 1-5 weeks following intervention, and maintenance effects were variable. The efficacy of BST to train skills and a task analysis to measure responses has been extended to different populations based on the findings in this study.

<p>The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (2005/06) defines Early Childhood Caries (ECC) as the presence of 1 or more decayed (noncavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age or younger. ECC can cause significant problems in preschool children and is a source of considerable societal costs. The South African national oral health survey conducted between the year 1999 and 2002 reported on the caries prevalence in young children. The caries prevalence was 50% in 4-5 year old children with a mean dmft of 2.4 (van Wyk and van Wyk, 2004).The aim of the study is to assess early childhood caries in children 12-24 months in the Mitchell's Plain district of the Western Cape.Objectives are to determine: a) The prevalence and pattern of early childhood caries. b) The relation between early childhood caries and infant feeding practices. c) The relation between early childhood caries and oral hygiene practices of the child.</p> <p>This study is a cross sectional study of ECC of children 12-24 months of age. Parent/child pair attending the Well Baby Clinic at Eastridge/Mitchell's Plain were informed about the study and invited to participate on a voluntary basis. The data collected consisted of a dental examination of 120 children (stratified by age: 60 in 12-18 months age group and 60 in 19-24 months age group) and a questionnaire completed by the accompanying parent/guardian. The dental examination was conducted using the WHO guidelines (Geneva 1997). Child age, tooth status (sound, decayed, filled, extracted, unerupted), and visible dental plaque on maxillary incisors (Spitz et al, 2006) were recorded.The prevalence of ECC for the sample was 23.3% (dmft =0.88). The maxillary incisors had the highest prevalence of decay (14%) followed by the maxillary molars (4%). There was a significant association (p=.006) between duration (12 months and more) of bottle use and presence of caries (40% caries prevalence). There is no significant difference between the different feeding practices (breast, bottle or both) and the presence of caries. There is a high prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (23.3%) in the 12-24 month age group. Early Childhood Caries was related to prolonged (&gt / 12 months) bottle feeding. The association between the presence of dental plaque and ECC was the most significant factor (p= .000).</p>

La maladie rénale peut se manifester avec différents types de pathologies buccales pouvant augmenter les risques de bactériémie. Bien que l’endocardite infectieuse soit une condition rare chez les patients atteints de maladie rénale, elle peut toutefois être retrouvée suite à des infections nosocomiales. Dans le passé, une antibiothérapie prophylactique était prescrite aux patients hémodialysés pour les protéger de l’endocardite infectieuse et de l’infection de l’accès d’hémodialyse. Aujourd’hui, cette recommandation est révolue. Afin de contrer les risques de bactériémie transitoire, une attention particulière doit être apportée aux soins d’hygiène orale à la maison. Le but de l’étude est d’évaluer l’efficacité de deux méthodes d’enseignement d’hygiène orale chez les patients atteints de maladie rénale. Objectifs de recherche Les trois objectifs de recherche sont a) d’évaluer les connaissances des parents de patients atteints de maladies rénales sur l’endocardite infectieuse et le lien avec la santé buccodentaire; b) d’évaluer la perception des parents par rapport à la santé buccodentaire de leur enfant et leurs habitudes d’hygiène orale; et c) de comparer l’influence de deux méthodes d’hygiène orale sur l’indice de plaque chez les enfants atteints de maladies rénales. Hypothèses Les deux hypothèses de recherche sont que a) les parents d’enfants atteints de maladies rénales connaissent et adhèrent aux recommandations émises par l’American Heart Association; et que b) l’amélioration de l’indice de plaque chez les patients atteints de maladies rénales est plus grande pour le groupe recevant des instructions par le matériel audiovisuel par rapport à ceux qui les reçoivent par le néphrologue. Méthodologie Suite à l’obtention d’un certificat d’éthique à la recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, 37 des 38 sujets recrutés âgés entre 6 et 16 ans (19 filles et 18 garçons) ont participé à cette étude transversale. Suite à la signature d’un consentement éclairé, les sujets sont assignés par randomisation à l’un des deux groupes d’instructions d’hygiène orale, soit celui sans instructions spécifiques (groupe 1) ou par matériel audiovisuel (groupe 2). Un questionnaire portant sur les connaissances des parents en rapport avec la santé buccodentaire est remis aux parents. Un indice de plaque initial est noté avant l’application des instructions d’hygiène orale reçues. Un indice de plaque final mis en évidence à l’aide de pastilles révélatrices est documenté avec des photographies intra-orales et mesuré par deux observateurs, testés pour la fiabilité intra et inter-observateurs. Résultats Les analyses statistiques ne démontrent aucune différence significative entre les deux groupes d’instructions d’hygiène orale. Les variables à l’étude (âge, sexe, suivi dentaire, fréquence des soins à la maison, connaissances et motivation) ne montrent aucune influence significative sur la qualité de l’hygiène orale des sujets. Seul l’indice de plaque initial est inversement relié à la perception des parents face à la santé buccodentaire de leur enfant : plus le relevé de plaque est bas, plus la santé buccodentaire est perçue comme bonne. Conclusion Selon les résultats de notre étude, il n’existe pas de différence statistiquement significative entre les deux méthodes d’instructions d’hygiène orale. Néanmoins, les deux techniques permettent de diminuer significativement l’indice de plaque chez les enfants atteints de maladies rénales et de conscientiser cette population à l’importance du maintien d’une bonne santé buccodentaire. / Renal diseases are known to cause oral changes that can increase the risk of developping a bacteraemia. Even if infective endocarditis is a rare condition in patients with renal disease, it is associated with nosocomial infections. In the past, antimicrobial therapy was recommended for haemodialysis patients to prevent infective endocarditis and indwelling venous catheter-related infections. The administration of prophylactic antibiotics is no longer supported, given the lack of evidence concerning this approach. To prevent patients from developing a transitory bacteraemia, home oral care has to be improved. The goal of this study is to assess the efficacy of two oral health instruction methods in children with renal disease. Objectives The objectives of this study are to assess the knowledge on infective endocarditis and its link to the oral health of parents with children who present with renal disease; to evaluate the perception of parents in relation with their child’s oral health and their dental behaviour and finally to compare the impact of the oral health instruction methods on the plaque index of children with renal disease. Hypothesis The two hypotheses of this study are a) parents of children suffering from renal diseases know and respect the guidelines published by the American Heart Association and b) that the improvement of the plaque index is better in the group who receives oral health instructions from the audio-visual material compared to the one receiving instructions from the nephrologist. Methods An ethic’s certification was obtained from the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine for children. Of the 38 recruited patients, 37 patients (19 girls, 18 boys) ranging in age from 6 to 16 years participated in this transversal study. Consent was obtained prior to randomised assignment to either oral hygiene delivered by means of an audio-visual aid (groupe 1) or by a nephrologist (group 2). A questionnaire investigating parental knowledge on renal disease linked with oral health was administered. An initial plaque index was taken before applying oral health instructions. A final plaque index using disclosing tablets was measured by two observers tested for intra and inter-reliability through intra-oral pictures. Results The statistical analyses do not show any significant differences between the two oral health instruction groups. No significant relation was found between oral health status and age, gender, dental follow up, frequency of home dental hygiene and motivation. The only significant relationship found was as parents perception of their child’s oral health increases, the initial plaque index decreases. Conclusion The results indicate that even if there is no statistically significant difference between the two methods of oral health instruction, both techniques are capable of reducing the plaque index of children suffering from renal disease.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2008. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 239 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Bakgrund: Förmågan att utföra oral egenvård kan påverkas av skörhet hos äldre, därmed krävs fler för gruppen anpassade hjälpmedel. Syfte: Att hos sköra äldre i ordinärt boende analysera upplevelsen av att använda ett tekniskt munhälsohjälpmedel, en så kallad trigger, för påminnelse av tandborstning. Metod: Rekrytering av informanter gjordes i samverkan med folktandvården i Region Jönköpings län och institutionen för Gerontologi på HHJ. Triggern testades i egna bostaden av sju informanter i en vecka vardera. Två intervjuer utfördes om livssituation/munhygien och kring upplevelsen av användandet. En kvalitativ, induktiv innehållsanalys av materialet utfördes. Resultat: Analysen gav huvudkategorin, ”användning”, vilken kopplades till subkategorin ”förhållningssätt och vanor”. Där ansågs munhygienvanorna goda och värdet av användningen sattes istället i relation till om kapaciteten att upprätthålla munhygienen hade blivit försämrad. Behovet anpassa triggern till föränderliga vardagstider upplevdes i relation till subkategorin ”fungerande vardagstruktur”. Huvudkategorin ”Funktion”, upplevdes i stort som god, subkategorin ”otillförlitlig” syftade dock till teknik som upplevts brista. Subkategorin ”utvecklingsmöjligheter” berörde signalsystemet som upplevdes behöva kompletterande ljud/ljusintryck.              Slutsats: Informanterna upplevde sig för friska i relation till huvudkategorin ”användning”. Gentemot huvudkategorin ”funktion” kom dock detta att resultera i användbara aspekter till vidareutvecklingen av triggern, såsom uppmärksamhetsförhöjande ljudintryck. Detta bör fokus läggas på innan fortsatta studier utförs. / Background: The ability to perform oral self-care can be affected by frailty in the elderly. Aim: To analyze the experience of using assistive technology, a so called trigger, as a reminder of tooth brushing, for the home dwelling elderly. Method: The recruitment was done in collaboration with the public Dental service and the Institute of Gerontology at HHJ. Seven informants tested the trigger for a week. Two interviews regarding their life situation/oral hygiene and the experience around the trigger was performed.A qualitative inductive content analysis was performed. Result: The main category "use", was linked to the subcategory "approaches and habits", here the value of the use was linked to if the capacity to maintain oral hygiene was impaired. In "everyday structure" a need to adapt the trigger to a changing schedule was experienced.  The main category ”function” and the subcategory "unreliable" referred to the parts that malfunctioned. “Improvement opportunities” regarded the need to develop the signal system. Conclusion: The informants perceived themselves as too healthy in relation to "use". In “function” this can be perceived as a strength. It resulted in improvement suggestions, such as sound-developments for attention, that should be taken into account before further studies are performed.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of pre-brushing mouthwashes on plaque removal on adolescents. The study was conducted following a double-blinded crossover model, for 25 days, with 4-day interval between phases. The study protocol was previously approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of UFSM. Thirty-eight adolescents (mean age 13 years) from a school in Santa Maria- RS randomly used two pre-brushing mouthwashes commercially available (Magic Colgate Plax and Listerine Agent Cool Blue) and two solutions used as control (water + dye and water). A single trained and calibrated examiner (kappa = 0.8) carried out the evaluation of plaque index (PI) (Silness and Löe, 1964) before and after the use of mouthwashes and tooth brushing, assigned as initial and final IP, respectively. The mean IP values were similar between experimental groups at the initial and final (Wilcoxon rank test, p> 0.05) also between buccal and lingual surfaces (Wilcoxon rank test, p> 0.05). Similarly, the plaque reduction (final IP - initial IP) was not statistically different among the solutions (Friedman test, p = 0.782). The use of commercially available and free acquisition pre brushing mouthwash solutions does not influence dental plaque removal in adolescents / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do uso de enxaguantes bucais pré-escovação na remoção da placa bacteriana por adolescentes. Foi realizado um estudo seguindo o modelo cruzado, de duplo mascaramento, com duração total de 25 dias, com 4 dias de intervalo entre as fases. O protocolo da pesquisa obteve aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da UFSM. Trinta e oito adolescentes (idade média de 13 anos) de uma escola estadual da cidade de Santa Maria RS, utilizaram dois enxaguantes bucais pré-escovação disponíveis comercialmente (Colgate Plax Magic e Listerine Agente Cool Blue) e duas soluções controle (água+corante e água), em ordem aleatória. Um único examinador previamente treinado e calibrado (kappa = 0,8) realizou a avaliação dos índices de placa (IP) antes e após o uso dos enxaguantes bucais e escovação dentária, considerados IP inicial e IP final (Silness e Löe, 1964). Os valores médios do IP foram similares entre os grupos experimentais nos momentos inicial e final (Wilcoxon rank test, p>0,05) assim como entre as superfícies vestibulares e linguais/palatinas (Wilcoxon rank test, p>0,05). Da mesma forma, a redução de placa (IP final IP inicial) não foi estatisticamente diferente entre as soluções testadas (Friedman test, p=0,782). O uso de soluções enxanguantes pré-escovação disponíveis comercialmente e de livre aquisição não influencia a remoção de placa dentária em adolescentes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-07-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:56:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 tanaka_c_me_araca.pdf: 424175 bytes, checksum: 26d35bb3e4602131a28d49b7618ae8b2 (MD5) / A educação e a saúde são duas ciências de grande importância para o desenvolvimento humano. À educação escolar compete organizar o processo de aquisição de habilidades, atitudes e conhecimentos específicos. Neste contexto um de seus recursos é o material didático utilizado em todas as etapas da escolarização de um indivíduo. Dada a importância do livro escolar como parte do universo cultural das instituições educativas ao longo da história, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar nos livros didáticos e apostilas adotados pelas escolas de Ensino Fundamental de Araçatuba - SP, na disciplina de Ciências, a existência e abrangência de informações referentes à saúde bucal, no total das escolas particulares e públicas. Foram analisados materiais de 40 escolas, sendo 23 públicas e 17 privadas, somando um total de 251 exemplares, sendo que desses apenas 27 continham conteúdo de saúde bucal. Realizando-se uma análise de conteúdo seguindo a temática simples, as seguintes categorias foram observadas: A. Relação saúde geral/saúde bucal; B. Importância dos dentes/saúde bucal; C. Higiene Dental; D. Instrumentos de Higiene Dental; E. Visitas ao dentista; F..Dieta; G. Cárie; H. Tipos de dentes; I. Tipos de dentição; J. Uso do flúor. O assunto mais abordado foi a higiene dental (n=22), seguido pela cárie (n=16). Os menos comentados são a relação entre saúde geral e bucal (n=3), e o uso do flúor (n=4). Conclui-se que ainda são poucos os livros de Ciências que apresentam conteúdo sobre saúde bucal, e que este, em geral, se apresenta fragmentado. / Education and health are two sciences of great importance for the human development. The school education has the competence of organize the process of acquisition of abilities, attitudes and specific knowledge. In this context, one of its resources is the didactic material used in all stages of an individual's education. Due to the importance of the school book as part of the cultural universe of the educational institutions through the history, the aim of this research was to evaluate in the text books and emends adopted by the grade schools of Araçatuba - SP, in the discipline of Science, the existence and inclusion of oral health information, in all private and public schools. Materials of 40 schools were analyzed, being 23 public and 17 privates, summing a total of 251 copies, and only 27 of those presented oral health content. Through the content analysis by simple thematic, the following categories were observed: A. Relationship general health/ oral health; B. Importance of teeth/ oral health; C. Dental Hygiene; D. Instruments of oral hygiene; E. Dental surgeon attendance; F. Diet; G. Dental decay; H. Types of teeth; I. Types of dentition; J. Fluoride use. The subject more studied was dental hygiene (n=22), followed by dental decay (n=16). The subject less commented were the relationship between general and oral health (n=3), and the use of fluoride (n=4). It was concluded that there are still a few books of Science presenting oral health content, and this is, in many cases, fragmented.

Orientador: Rosemary Adriana Chiérici Marcantonio / Banca: Rodrigo Otávio Citó Cesar Rêgo / Banca: Sheila Cavalca Cortelli / Banca: Márcio Zaffalon Casati / Banca: Luis Geraldo Vaz / Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito de uma escova ultrassônica, comparada a uma elétrica e a uma manual, sobre os parâmetros clínicos periodontais e microbiológicos de adolescentes sob terapia ortodôntica com aparelhos fixos. Paralelamente, foi avaliada a diminuição da força adesiva de braquetes ortodônticos, fixados a dentes humanos extraídos, após o uso de uma escova dentária ultrassônica comparada a uma escova elétrica. Material e Método: Para o experimento in vivo, 21 indivíduos (15,2l1,7) que utilizavam aparelhos fixos há mais de um ano foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com a seqüência de uso das escovas (crossover). Os pacientes usaram cada escova por um período de 30 dias, com intervalos de 15 dias entre as mesmas (washout). Amostras de saliva e placa bacteriana foram coletadas para realização de cultura microbiológica de Streptococcus grupo mutans e técnica de Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization, respectivamente. No experimento in vitro, braquetes ortodônticos foram colados a superfície mais plana de quarenta e cinco dentes humanos extraídos. Posteriormente, os corpos de prova foram divididos em grupos de acordo com a escova a ser utilizada. Após o procedimento de escovação, a resistência adesiva foi avaliada em uma maquina de ensaios mecânicos. Resultado: Uma diferença significante no índice de placa (p<0,05) foi observada após o uso de escova ultrassônica nas superfícies vestibulares (10,32% pré e 3,96% pós-escovação). Da mesma forma, após o uso das escovas ultrassônicas e elétricas, as contagens de Streptococcus grupo mutans diminuíram significativamente (técnica de cultura microbiana - p<0,05). A técnica Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization apontou uma redução nos níveis de T. forsythia após o uso da escova elétrica e das espécies S. noxia, S. sanguinis... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study compared the efficacy of an ultrasonic toothbrush for the reduction of plaque, gingival inflammation, and levels of bacteria in relation to an electric and a manual toothbrush. In addition, it was evaluated the effect of brushing with both an ultrasonic and electric toothbrush on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to extracted human teeth. Material and method: Twenty-one patients (mean 15.2l1.7 years) with orthodontic appliances were randomly divided into three groups according to the sequence of brush usage (crossover study). The subjects used each assigned brush for a period of 30 days, followed by an interval of 15 days (washout) during which they returned to their regular toothbrushes and dental floss used in accordance with the monthly instructions of the orthodontist given prior to the study. During each visit, participants received a periodontal evaluation and samples of saliva and subgingival plaque were collected for microbiological tests (Streptococcus mutans culture and DNA-DNA Checkerboard Hybridization). For in vitro evaluation, individual orthodontic brackets were bonded to the smoothest surface of forty-five teeth. The test specimens were randomly distributed into three groups according to the toothbrush to be used. After completing the brushing stage, the test specimens were taken to the mechanical assay machine for a shearing test. Results: The ultrasonic brush group presented significant improvement in the reduction of visible plaque on the buccal surfaces (10.32% against 3.96%). The counts of S. mutans decreased in the electric and ultrasonic groups (culture test - p<0.05). The DNA-DNA Checkerboard hybridization technique showed that the counts of T. forsythia decreased significantly after a month of electric brush usage. Furthermore, in the manual group, S. noxia, S. sanguinis and P. melaninogenica counts also decreased... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:31:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaAA.pdf: 501159 bytes, checksum: 30bc6bac9bef1fd1e36f669902ea0e7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-27 / The literature has shown a relation between periodontics and the removable partial denture (RPD), with progressive destruction observed in the support structures. The aim of this study was to clinically assess periodontal condition in users of removal partial denture (RPD), and compare right abutments teeth, indirect abutments and controls before installation and after 1 year, in addition to comparing tooth-supported and tooth mucosa-supported abutments. A total of 50 patients, 32 women and 18 men, mean age of 45 years, took part in the study. The patients were examined by a single examiner at prosthesis installation and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The following were verified at each examination: Probe Depth (PD), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), the amount of Keratinized Mucosa (KM), Gingival Recession (GR) and Dental Mobility (DM); in addition patients received oral hygiene orientation, accompanied by prophylaxis, periodontal scaling and root planing (PSRP), when necessary. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Tukey-Kramer post test was used to assess the dependent variables (PD, PI, KM, GR) of the three groups over time while Friedman s test was used for GI. To assess the outcomes of prosthesis type in the right abutment group, a confidence interval-based analysis was performed. The results showed that the control group was the least compromised in all the variables studied. With respect to development of the groups over time, it was verified that the measures for GR, PD, GI and KM increased from initial examination to 1 year of use in all the groups, but only PI showed a significant increase. There was a non-discriminatory low prevalence of dental mobility. The tooth mucosa-supported prosthesis had significantly higher values for GR, GI and PI and significantly lower ones for KM when compared to tooth-supported. Over time, both types of prostheses showed no significant differences from initial to final examination for the variables GR, PD, KM and GI, with PI significant only for tooth-supported. The results showed that the teeth most involved in RPD design had greater potential of periodontal damage, probably because of greater dental biofilm accumulation. Abutments elements adjacent to the free extremities had less favorable periodontal condition than those adjacent to interpolated spaces, but the use of RPD did not worsen the initial condition / A literatura tem mostrado uma rela??o entre a periodontia e a pr?tese parcial remov?vel (PPR), observando-se destrui??es progressivas das estruturas de suporte. O prop?sito do presente trabalho ? avaliar clinicamente a condi??o periodontal em usu?rios de pr?tese parcial remov?vel (PPR), comparando os dentes pilares diretos, pilares indiretos e os dentes n?o envolvidos no desenho da pr?tese, antes da instala??o e ap?s 1 ano de uso. E ainda comparar os pilares diretos de PPR dento-suportada e dento-muco-suportada. Um total de 50 pacientes, 32 do sexo feminino e 18 do masculino, com idade m?dia de 45 anos participaram da pesquisa. Os pacientes foram examinados no momento da instala??o da pr?tese e ap?s 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses, por um ?nico examinador. Em cada exame foram verificados: a recess?o gengival (RG) profundidade de sondagem (PS), o ?ndice de placa (IP), o ?ndice gengival (IG), a quantidade de mucosa ceratinizada (MC), e a mobilidade dent?ria (MB), al?m da orienta??o de higiene oral, acompanhada de profilaxia e raspagem e alisamento corono - radicular (RACR) quando necess?ria. Para avaliar o comportamento das vari?veis dependentes (RG, PS, IP, MC) dos tr?s grupos ao longo do tempo, o teste de escolha foi a an?lise de vari?ncia de tend?ncia linear com o p?s teste de Tukey-Kramer, e para a vari?vel IG foi realizado o teste de Friedman. Para avaliar os desfechos com rela??o ao tipo de pr?tese no grupo pilar direto, foi feita an?lise a partir do intervalo de confian?a. Os resultados mostraram que o grupo controle foi o que apresentou menor comprometimento em todas as vari?veis estudadas. Com rela??o ao desenvolvimento dos grupos no decorrer do tempo, verificou-se que as m?dias da RG, PS, IG e MC aumentaram do exame inicial para 1 ano de uso, em todos os grupos, mas somente o IP mostrou aumento significativo. A mobilidade dent?ria foi pouco discriminat?ria por apresentar baixa preval?ncia. No que diz respeito ? diferen?a entre as pr?teses, a pr?tese dento-muco-suportada mostrou valores significativamente superiores de RG, IG e IP e significativamente inferiores MC em rela??o ? dento-suportada. Ao longo do tempo, os dois tipos de pr?tese n?o apresentaram diferen?as significativas do exame inicial para o final para as vari?veis: RG, PS, MC e IG, j? IP foi significativo somente na pr?tese dento-suportada. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os dentes mais envolvidos no desenho da PPR apresentaram maior potencial de destrui??o periodontal, provavelmente por apresentarem maior ac?mulo de biofilme dent?rio. Elementos pilares adjacentes a extremidades livres apresentaram condi??o periodontal menos favor?vel do que os pilares adjacentes a espa?os intercalados, por?m o uso de PPR n?o agravou a condi??o inicial

O uso de antissépticos complementa a higienização bucal reduzindo a microbiota e, consequentemente minimizando a colonização, a formação de biofilme e, assim promovendo a saúde bucal. Diante das opções de antissépticos bucais e produtos naturais, faz-se necessária a análise microbiológica da eficácia desses produtos e suas implicações no controle do biofilme. Neste sentido, têm-se como objetivos: determinar a diluição inibitória máxima (DIMax) de antissépticos bucais (Listerine®, Colgate Plax® Tea Fresh, Periogard®) e o óleo de melaleuca sobre as cepas de Candida albicans e Candida glabrata, clínicas e padrão; quantificar as unidades formadoras de colônias por tubo traqueal (UFC/TT) das leveduras em TTs revestidos com os respectivos produtos e, analisar a formação de biofilme em fragmentos de tubos revestidos ou não com antissépticos e óleo de melaleuca por C. glabrata. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza laboratorial, in vitro, realizado com cepas clinicas e padrão e subsidiado em métodos clássicos da microbiologia para o processamento das avaliações propostas. Para determinar a DIMax, realizou-se a diluição dupla seriada (1/4 a 1/4096) dos antissépticos e óleo de melaleuca respectivamente, sendo as placas incubadas a 37°C por 24 horas. Considerou-se DIMax a maior diluição capaz de inibir o crescimento de todas as cepas avaliadas. Na formação de biofilme foram empregadas duas técnicas: determinação das UFC/TT e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Na aleatorização das cepas C. glabrata utilizou-se a análise estatística pelo modelo de regressão logístico multinomial. A partir da análise dos resultados observou-se que o Listerine® apresentou a menor ação inibitória na DIMax de 1/4, óleo de melaleuca (1/16), Colgate Plax® Tea Fresh (1/64) e o Periogard® (1/128). Em termos de formação de biofilme, o tubo revestido com Colgate Plax® Tea Fresh apresentou diferença no teste de comparações múltiplas (p=0,0031), com atividade antibiofilme em todas as cepas de C. glabrata, com exceção de um isolado clínico. As fotomicrografias revelaram reprodução por brotamento presente no TT revestido com óleo de melaleuca, lise celular na ação do Periogard® e, os TTs revestidos com Colgate Plax® Tea Fresh não apresentaram biofilme, exceto na cepa 33. A formação de biofilme por células leveduriformes foi significativa apresentando-se de forma diversificada nos diferentes tubos revestidos. Estudos adicionais sobre Candida spp. em tubos traqueais são recomendáveis em pacientes, com e sem pneumonia, submetidos à ventilação mecânica / Introduction: The use of oral antiseptics is increasingly common, as a complement to the regular oral hygiene by reducing the oral microbiota, biofilm formation and thereby promoting oral health. Facing of several oral antiseptics and natural products, it is necessary microbiological analysis of the effectiveness of these antiseptics and in its implications in the control of biofilm. Objective: The aims of the study were to determine the maximum inhibitory dilution (MID) oral antiseptics (Listerine®, Colgate® Plax, Fresh Tea and Periogard®) and tea tree oil of clinical and standard strains of Candida spp. and Candida glabrata; colony forming units assay (CFU/TT) of yeast in tracheostomy tubes (TT) coated with some products; and analyze the biofilm formed in fragments of tubes coated or not with oral antiseptics and tea tree oil for Candida glabrata. Methods: This is a laboratory investigation, in vitro study performed with clinical and standard strains and subsidized of classical microbiology methods for processing the proposals reviews. To determine the MID, serial dilution was carried out (1/4 a 1/2048) of oral antiseptics and tea tree oil respectively, and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24h. The MID was considered the highest dilution capable of inhibiting the growth of all strains tested. In biofilm formation two techniques were employed: determination of colony forming units (CFU/TT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The statistical analysis by multinomial logistic regression model was used to randomization strains of C. glabrata. Results: Listerine® showed the worst performance, MID (1/4), tea tree oil (1/16), Colgate Plax® Fresh Tea (1/64) and Periogard® (1/128). In terms of biofilm formation, the multiple comparisons test presented differences (p=0.0031) for tube coated Colgate Plax® Tea Fresh with antibiofilm activity in all strains of C. glabrata, except for one clinical isolate. The photomicrographs revealed reproduction by budding in the TT coated with tea tree oil, cell lysis in action of Periogard®, and the Colgate Plax® Fresh Tea coated tube produced no visible colony, except with strain 33. Conclusion: Biofilm formation by yeast was significant presenting diverse in different coated tubes. Additional studies of Candida spp. in tracheostomy tubes are recommended in patients with and without pneumonia, undergoing mechanical ventilation