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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The induction of immune responses in the murine small intestine

Harper, Helen Margaret January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
2

Tuberculosis: Prospects for an Oral Vaccine Using Novel Antigens and Adjuvants

Hitchick, Nola January 2006 (has links)
In spite of vaccine and treatment strategies, Mycobacterium tuberculosis kills more than 3 people per minute. The emergence of drug-resistant strains makes treating the disease complicated and expensive for government health departments, and unpleasant and laborious for patients. The current vaccine, parenterally administered BCG, is only 50% effective. Oral vaccination has the advantage of targeting the mucosal immune system, which acts at the direct site of initial exposure to the infecting airborne pathogen. In addition, oral vaccines are cheaper and safer to administer than parenteral vaccines. This dissertation provides a conceptual framework for the prevention of the disease by means of oral vaccination and outlines methods that were developed for the production of concentrated purified somatic and extracellular antigens. Immune responses to somatic antigens were also examined in conjunction with established and novel adjuvants. The role of Propionibacterium jensenii 702 as a suitable mucosal adjuvant was supported by the results obtained. / Masters Thesis
3

Impact de la vitamine A du lait maternel sur le développement de la tolérance orale chez le nouveau-né et la prévention des maladies allergiques / Impact of beastmilk vitamin A on oral tolerance induction in neonates and allergic diseases prevention

Turfkruyer, Mathilde 27 November 2014 (has links)
La constante augmentation des allergies en début de vie suggère une déficience de régulation immunitaire au cours de cette période. La tolérance orale est un mécanisme clé de régulation au niveau de l’intestin pour le maintien de l’homéostasie immunitaire. L’objectif de ma thèse a été de déterminer dans un modèle murin les mécanismes à l’origine de la tolérance orale en début de vie afin de mieux prévenir le développement d’allergies. L’induction de tolérance orale en début de vie n’est efficace qu’à partir de la 3ème semaine de vie. Le défaut de tolérance orale observé au cours des 2 premières semaines de vie est la conséquence d’un défaut de capture de l’antigène et d’expression de la RALDH (enzyme de conversion du rétinol en acide rétinoïque) par les cellules dendritiques CD103+ mésentériques, résultant en une ignorance de l’antigène. Les taux de rétinol sanguins en période néonatale sont très bas, et un enrichissement du lait maternel en vitamine A permet de corriger cette déficience néonatale ainsi que le défaut de présentation antigénique des cellules dendritiques CD103+. Cet enrichissement permet également de prévenir l’apparition de l’allergie dès les premiers jours de vie. De manière surprenante, alors que chez la souris adulte, la tolérance orale dépend de la génération de lymphocytes T régulateurs, la tolérance orale observée chez les souriceaux âgés de 3 semaines et chez les nouveau-nés ayant reçu de la vitamine A, dépend de la génération de lymphocytes Th1. / Increased prevalence of allergies in early life suggests a deficiency of immune regulation during this period. Oral tolerance is a key immuno-regulatory mechanism in the gut for immune homeostasis. The principal objective of my thesis was to determine in a murine model the mechanisms at the origin of oral tolerance in early life to better prevent allergy development. We found that induction of oral tolerance in early life is effective only from the 3rd week of life. The defect of oral tolerance observed during the first 2 weeks of life is the consequence of a defect in antigen capture and RALDH expression (enzyme which converts retinol in retinoic acid) by mesenteric CD103+ dendritic cells. Serum levels of retinol in neonatal period are very low, and an enrichment of the maternal milk with vitamin A allows to correct this neonatal deficiency as well as the defect of antigen presentation by the CD103+ dendritic cells. This enrichment also allows allergy prevention from the first days of life. To our surprise, while in adult mice, oral tolerance depends on the generation of regulatory T lymphocytes, oral tolerance observed in the 3 week-old mice and in the newborn which received vitamin A, depends on the generation of Th1 lymphocytes. These results demonstrate that vitamin A levels in early life are directly correlated with Th1 differentiation induced by oral administration of allergen, necessary for allergy prevention. This knowledge should now be taken into account for the implementation of allergy prevention strategies, more specific and better adapted to the neonatal period, such as a supplementation with vitamin A.
4

O fenômeno da tolerância oral e a regulação de células patogênicas Th17 no modelo de encefalomielite experimental auto-imune. / The oral tolerance phenomenon and the regulation of pathogenic Th17 cells during the EAE model.

Peron, Jean Pierre Schatzmann 16 May 2008 (has links)
Recentemente demonstrou-se o papel de células T produtoras de IL-17 na patogênese da esclerosa múltipla e de seu modelo, a EAE. Através da produção desta e de outras citocinas, a população chamada Th17 promove o rompimento da barreira hematoencefálica e a conseqüente infiltração de células patogênicas para dentro do SNC. Nesse contexto, em nosso trabalho utilizamos o fenômeno da tolerância oral para avaliar a capacidade deste em suprimir a resposta imune durante o modelo de EAE, mais especificamente as células Th17. Nossos dados demonstram uma diminuição de IL-17 tanto na periferia como no SNC dos animais tolerados. Além disso, detectamos menos CCL2 e IL-6 em células extraídas do CNS dia 10 pós-imunização. Não observarmos diferença na produção de IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g entre os grupos. Em suma, nossos resultados mostram que o fenômeno da tolerância oral é capaz de suprimir parâmetros de EAE devido a uma menor capacidade linfoproliferativa associada a uma supressão de células patogênicas Th17 tanto na periferia como no SNC. / It has recently been shown the role of IL-17 secreting cells on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and also in its model, EAE. Due to the secretion of this and other cytokines, the population so called Th17, promotes the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the following infiltration of pathogenic cells into the CNS. In this context, in our work we used the oral tolerance phenomenon to evaluate its supressive capacity, more specifically over the Th17 cells. We showed that oral tolerated mice has a diminished production of IL-17 both in the periphery and in the CNS. Futhermore, we detected lower levels of CCL2 and IL-6 also from brain and spinal cord extracted mononucear cells at day 10th post-immunization. We were not able to detect differences on IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g between the groups. Thus, our results show that the oral tolerance phenomenon suppresses EAE findings, mainly due to a lower lymphoprolipherative response associated to a supression over the expansion of Th17 pathogenic T cells both in the periphery and inside the CNS.
5

Investigating the Roles of Mast Cells and Innate Activators in Oral Tolerance

Tunis, Matthew C. 26 June 2012 (has links)
Oral tolerance is the state of immunologic non-responsiveness that is established following oral antigen consumption. Failures of oral tolerance can result in food allergy. The mechanisms regulating oral tolerance are not well understood, but similar mechanisms may control tolerance to foods and commensal microbes in the intestine. The specific roles of many pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and innate cells have not been examined in the context of oral tolerance. Mast cells are innate sentinel cells positioned at mucosal surfaces, and have been identified as key regulators of peripheral tolerance to allografts. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a PRR involved in bacterial responses and the regulation of intestinal inflammation. We evaluated the impact of mast cells, TLR2, immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated mast cell activation, TLR2 activation, and histamine receptor blockade in the development of oral tolerance in mice. Models of tolerance to ovalbumin, peanut butter, and cow’s milk were established. Oral tolerance was assessed in wild type, TLR2-deficient, or mast cell-deficient mice and was measured primarily by analysis of antigen-specific antibody levels after a systemic antigen challenge. The development of antigen-specific Tregs was also assessed. We observed that neither mast cells nor TLR2 were necessary for oral tolerance induction. Moreover, IgE-mediated mast cell activation and antihistamine treatment did not significantly alter oral tolerance induction. TLR2 activators, notably Pam3CSK4, were administered orally concurrent with food antigen and were found to impair oral tolerance to a later systemic antigen challenge. When Pam3CSK4 was administered as an oral adjuvant with ovalbumin, a profound selective enhancement of the IgA response to oral challenge was observed. These results highlight an important differential regulation of oral tolerance by TLR2. Oral TLR2 activation selectively promotes IgA responses to antigen upon repeated oral challenge but prevents the maintenance of oral tolerance upon a systemic challenge. Taken together these results suggest that mast cells are not essential regulators of oral tolerance, but TLR2 is involved in regulating IgA and IgE responses during oral and systemic challenges. These findings inform mechanisms of commensal tolerance and have implications for the potential therapeutic manipulation of oral tolerance to foods.
6

Estudo imunológico e histopatológico da infecção experimental por Schistosoma mansoni em camundongos geneticamente selecionados para tolerância oral / Immunologic and histopathologic study in experimental infection with Schistosoma mansoni in oral tolerance genetic selected mice

Aurelizia Maria Lemos Xavier 30 November 2012 (has links)
A esquistossomose acomete 207 milhões de pessoas, com mais de 200 mil mortes anuais. Seu principal agente etiológico é o helminto Schistosoma e o principal modelo experimental, o camundongo. Linhagens de camundongos selecionadas geneticamente para susceptibilidade (TS) e resistência (TR) a tolerância imunológica constituem bons modelos para o estudo da resposta imunológica específica e inespecífica nas infecções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a infecção experimental por S. mansoni nestes camundongos, evidenciando a imunopatologia por diversos parâmetros na fase aguda da infecção. TR e TS não diferiram quanto a penetração de cercárias, recuperação de vermes adultos, fecundidade/produtividade de ovos das fêmeas de S. mansoni, mas predominaram ovos mortos em TS. Quanto maior o número de casais, maior a probabilidade de troca de casais e regressão sexual da fêmea, além de pequena redução da produtividade de ovos. Análise ultraestrutural dos parasitos machos recuperados de TS apresentaram tubérculos edemaciados, espinhos encurtados e em menor densidade que os parasitos dos TR. O tegumento dos parasitos recuperados de TS apresentou-se desorganizado, intensamente vacuolizado e com tendência a se desprender da superfície e espinhos internalizados e células vitelínicas desorganizadas. TS desenvolveram granulomas hepáticos grandes, com fibras radiais e predomínio do estágio exsudativo-produtivo com características de fase produtiva (EP/P), enquanto camundongos TR desenvolveram granulomas menores, com fibras concêntricas e predomínio de granulomas exsudativo-produtivos. TS desenvolveu hepatomegalia mais acentuada na fase aguda da infecção e exacerbada esplenomegalia na fase crônica. A aspartato aminotransferase mais elevada nos TR foi coerente com a acentuada histólise nos granulomas iniciais dos TR. É possível que a histólise menor em TS tenha contribuído para sua intensa hepatomegalia na fase aguda. Leucócitos totais séricos aumentaram em TS, nas fases aguda e crônica, mas não em TR. TS apresentaram anemia durante a fase crônica da infecção, possivelmente devido ao desvio na hematopoiese medular para a produção de leucócitos ou apoptose das hemácias. A mieloperoxidase neutrofílica hepática e no íleo foi maior em TS e a peroxidase de eosinófilos foi mais elevada no íleo do TS. Ambas as linhagens produziram IFN-&#947;, mas os níveis funcionais de IFN-&#947; foram diferentes nas duas linhagens em cultura de células. É possível que a imunopatologia hepática grave na linhagem TS possa estar relacionada aos altos títulos IFN-&#947;. TS produziu IL-10 em maior quantidade, entretanto esta citocina não foi capaz de regular o crescimento exacerbado dos granulomas hepáticos. Altos títulos de IL-4 na linhagem TS também são coerentes com a exacerbação dos granulomas, pois, como a IL-13, a IL-4 induz síntese de colágeno e está relacionada ao desenvolvimento da fibrose no granuloma esquistossomótico. Observamos redução do percentual relativo de células T CD4+ hepáticas de animais infectados em ambas as linhagens e redução percentual nas subpopulações de linfócitos B na medula óssea (precursores, linfócitos B imaturos, maduros e plasmócitos) mais acentuada em TS que em TR, possivelmente devido a extensa mobilização de B imaturos induzida pela inflamação ou desvio da hematopoiese para síntese de granulócitos em TS. Quantitativamente, TR não alterou suas subpopulações de linfócitos B. TS e TR são bons modelos para estudo da resposta imunológica na infecção esquistossomótica experimental. Novos estudos são necessários para confirmar nossas propostas e compreender os mecanismos envolvidos na diferença da resposta imunológica dessas linhagens na relação schistosoma-hospedeiro. / Schistosomiasis affects 207 million people, with more than 200 000 deaths annually. Its main etiological agent is the helminth Schistosoma and the main experimental model, the mouse. Strains of mice genetically selected for susceptibility (TS) and resistance (TR) immunological tolerance are good models for the study of specific and nonspecific immune response in infections. The objective of this study was to characterize the experimental infection with S. mansoni in these mice, demonstrating the immunopathology of several parameters in the acute phase of infection. TR and TS did not differ in the penetration of cercariae, adult worms recovery, fecundity/ productivity of eggs from females of S. mansoni, but dead eggs prevailed in TS. The greater the number of couples, the more probability of changing couples and female sexual regression, and slight reduction of the eggs productivity. Ultrastructural analysis of parasites recovered from TS males had swollen tubercles, shortened spines and lower density of them than the parasites of TR. The tegument of the parasites recovered from TS appeared disorganized, intensely vacuolated and with a tendency to detach from the surface and internalized spines and disorganized vitelline cells. TS developed large hepatic granulomas with radial fibers and predominance of exudative-productive stage with characteristics of productive stage (EP/P), while TR mice developed smaller granulomas, with concentric fibers and predominance of exudative-productive granulomas. TS developed hepatomegaly more pronounced in the acute phase of infection and exacerbated splenomegaly in chronic phase. The aspartate aminotransferase was higher in TR mice consistent with the marked histolysis in initials TR granulomas. It is possible that the lower histolysis in TS mice has contributed to its severe hepatomegaly in acute phase. Serum total leukocytes increased in TS acute and chronic phases, but not in TR. TS had anemia during the chronic phase of infection, possibly due to deviation in bone marrow hematopoiesis for the production of leukocytes or apoptosis of red blood cells. The neutrophil myeloperoxidase from liver and ileum were higher in TS and the eosinophil peroxidase was higher in the TS ileum. Both strains produced IFN-&#947;, but functional levels of IFN-&#947; were different in the two strains in cell culture. It is possible that severe liver immunopathology in TS strain may to be related to high IFN-&#947; titers. TS produced IL-10 in larger quantities, however this cytokine was not able to regulate the overgrowth of hepatic granulomas. High levels of IL-4 in TS strain are also consistent with the exacerbation of granulomas, because as IL-13, IL-4 induces collagen synthesis and is related to the development of fibrosis in schistosomal granuloma. We observed reduction in the relative percentage of TCD4 + liver cells of infected animals in both strains and percentage reduction in subpopulations of B lymphocytes in bone marrow (precursors, immature and mature B lymphocytes, plasma cells) stronger in TS than TR, possibly due to extensive mobilization of immature B cells induced by inflammation or hematopoiesis deviation for synthesis of granulocytes in TS. Quantitatively, TR did not change their subpopulations of B lymphocytes. TS and TR are good models for studying the immune response in experimental schistosome infection. Further studies are needed to confirm our proposals and to understand the mechanisms underlying the difference in immune response of these strains in the relationship schistosoma-host.
7

Estudo imunológico e histopatológico da infecção experimental por Schistosoma mansoni em camundongos geneticamente selecionados para tolerância oral / Immunologic and histopathologic study in experimental infection with Schistosoma mansoni in oral tolerance genetic selected mice

Aurelizia Maria Lemos Xavier 30 November 2012 (has links)
A esquistossomose acomete 207 milhões de pessoas, com mais de 200 mil mortes anuais. Seu principal agente etiológico é o helminto Schistosoma e o principal modelo experimental, o camundongo. Linhagens de camundongos selecionadas geneticamente para susceptibilidade (TS) e resistência (TR) a tolerância imunológica constituem bons modelos para o estudo da resposta imunológica específica e inespecífica nas infecções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a infecção experimental por S. mansoni nestes camundongos, evidenciando a imunopatologia por diversos parâmetros na fase aguda da infecção. TR e TS não diferiram quanto a penetração de cercárias, recuperação de vermes adultos, fecundidade/produtividade de ovos das fêmeas de S. mansoni, mas predominaram ovos mortos em TS. Quanto maior o número de casais, maior a probabilidade de troca de casais e regressão sexual da fêmea, além de pequena redução da produtividade de ovos. Análise ultraestrutural dos parasitos machos recuperados de TS apresentaram tubérculos edemaciados, espinhos encurtados e em menor densidade que os parasitos dos TR. O tegumento dos parasitos recuperados de TS apresentou-se desorganizado, intensamente vacuolizado e com tendência a se desprender da superfície e espinhos internalizados e células vitelínicas desorganizadas. TS desenvolveram granulomas hepáticos grandes, com fibras radiais e predomínio do estágio exsudativo-produtivo com características de fase produtiva (EP/P), enquanto camundongos TR desenvolveram granulomas menores, com fibras concêntricas e predomínio de granulomas exsudativo-produtivos. TS desenvolveu hepatomegalia mais acentuada na fase aguda da infecção e exacerbada esplenomegalia na fase crônica. A aspartato aminotransferase mais elevada nos TR foi coerente com a acentuada histólise nos granulomas iniciais dos TR. É possível que a histólise menor em TS tenha contribuído para sua intensa hepatomegalia na fase aguda. Leucócitos totais séricos aumentaram em TS, nas fases aguda e crônica, mas não em TR. TS apresentaram anemia durante a fase crônica da infecção, possivelmente devido ao desvio na hematopoiese medular para a produção de leucócitos ou apoptose das hemácias. A mieloperoxidase neutrofílica hepática e no íleo foi maior em TS e a peroxidase de eosinófilos foi mais elevada no íleo do TS. Ambas as linhagens produziram IFN-&#947;, mas os níveis funcionais de IFN-&#947; foram diferentes nas duas linhagens em cultura de células. É possível que a imunopatologia hepática grave na linhagem TS possa estar relacionada aos altos títulos IFN-&#947;. TS produziu IL-10 em maior quantidade, entretanto esta citocina não foi capaz de regular o crescimento exacerbado dos granulomas hepáticos. Altos títulos de IL-4 na linhagem TS também são coerentes com a exacerbação dos granulomas, pois, como a IL-13, a IL-4 induz síntese de colágeno e está relacionada ao desenvolvimento da fibrose no granuloma esquistossomótico. Observamos redução do percentual relativo de células T CD4+ hepáticas de animais infectados em ambas as linhagens e redução percentual nas subpopulações de linfócitos B na medula óssea (precursores, linfócitos B imaturos, maduros e plasmócitos) mais acentuada em TS que em TR, possivelmente devido a extensa mobilização de B imaturos induzida pela inflamação ou desvio da hematopoiese para síntese de granulócitos em TS. Quantitativamente, TR não alterou suas subpopulações de linfócitos B. TS e TR são bons modelos para estudo da resposta imunológica na infecção esquistossomótica experimental. Novos estudos são necessários para confirmar nossas propostas e compreender os mecanismos envolvidos na diferença da resposta imunológica dessas linhagens na relação schistosoma-hospedeiro. / Schistosomiasis affects 207 million people, with more than 200 000 deaths annually. Its main etiological agent is the helminth Schistosoma and the main experimental model, the mouse. Strains of mice genetically selected for susceptibility (TS) and resistance (TR) immunological tolerance are good models for the study of specific and nonspecific immune response in infections. The objective of this study was to characterize the experimental infection with S. mansoni in these mice, demonstrating the immunopathology of several parameters in the acute phase of infection. TR and TS did not differ in the penetration of cercariae, adult worms recovery, fecundity/ productivity of eggs from females of S. mansoni, but dead eggs prevailed in TS. The greater the number of couples, the more probability of changing couples and female sexual regression, and slight reduction of the eggs productivity. Ultrastructural analysis of parasites recovered from TS males had swollen tubercles, shortened spines and lower density of them than the parasites of TR. The tegument of the parasites recovered from TS appeared disorganized, intensely vacuolated and with a tendency to detach from the surface and internalized spines and disorganized vitelline cells. TS developed large hepatic granulomas with radial fibers and predominance of exudative-productive stage with characteristics of productive stage (EP/P), while TR mice developed smaller granulomas, with concentric fibers and predominance of exudative-productive granulomas. TS developed hepatomegaly more pronounced in the acute phase of infection and exacerbated splenomegaly in chronic phase. The aspartate aminotransferase was higher in TR mice consistent with the marked histolysis in initials TR granulomas. It is possible that the lower histolysis in TS mice has contributed to its severe hepatomegaly in acute phase. Serum total leukocytes increased in TS acute and chronic phases, but not in TR. TS had anemia during the chronic phase of infection, possibly due to deviation in bone marrow hematopoiesis for the production of leukocytes or apoptosis of red blood cells. The neutrophil myeloperoxidase from liver and ileum were higher in TS and the eosinophil peroxidase was higher in the TS ileum. Both strains produced IFN-&#947;, but functional levels of IFN-&#947; were different in the two strains in cell culture. It is possible that severe liver immunopathology in TS strain may to be related to high IFN-&#947; titers. TS produced IL-10 in larger quantities, however this cytokine was not able to regulate the overgrowth of hepatic granulomas. High levels of IL-4 in TS strain are also consistent with the exacerbation of granulomas, because as IL-13, IL-4 induces collagen synthesis and is related to the development of fibrosis in schistosomal granuloma. We observed reduction in the relative percentage of TCD4 + liver cells of infected animals in both strains and percentage reduction in subpopulations of B lymphocytes in bone marrow (precursors, immature and mature B lymphocytes, plasma cells) stronger in TS than TR, possibly due to extensive mobilization of immature B cells induced by inflammation or hematopoiesis deviation for synthesis of granulocytes in TS. Quantitatively, TR did not change their subpopulations of B lymphocytes. TS and TR are good models for studying the immune response in experimental schistosome infection. Further studies are needed to confirm our proposals and to understand the mechanisms underlying the difference in immune response of these strains in the relationship schistosoma-host.
8

O fenômeno da tolerância oral e a regulação de células patogênicas Th17 no modelo de encefalomielite experimental auto-imune. / The oral tolerance phenomenon and the regulation of pathogenic Th17 cells during the EAE model.

Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron 16 May 2008 (has links)
Recentemente demonstrou-se o papel de células T produtoras de IL-17 na patogênese da esclerosa múltipla e de seu modelo, a EAE. Através da produção desta e de outras citocinas, a população chamada Th17 promove o rompimento da barreira hematoencefálica e a conseqüente infiltração de células patogênicas para dentro do SNC. Nesse contexto, em nosso trabalho utilizamos o fenômeno da tolerância oral para avaliar a capacidade deste em suprimir a resposta imune durante o modelo de EAE, mais especificamente as células Th17. Nossos dados demonstram uma diminuição de IL-17 tanto na periferia como no SNC dos animais tolerados. Além disso, detectamos menos CCL2 e IL-6 em células extraídas do CNS dia 10 pós-imunização. Não observarmos diferença na produção de IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g entre os grupos. Em suma, nossos resultados mostram que o fenômeno da tolerância oral é capaz de suprimir parâmetros de EAE devido a uma menor capacidade linfoproliferativa associada a uma supressão de células patogênicas Th17 tanto na periferia como no SNC. / It has recently been shown the role of IL-17 secreting cells on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and also in its model, EAE. Due to the secretion of this and other cytokines, the population so called Th17, promotes the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and the following infiltration of pathogenic cells into the CNS. In this context, in our work we used the oral tolerance phenomenon to evaluate its supressive capacity, more specifically over the Th17 cells. We showed that oral tolerated mice has a diminished production of IL-17 both in the periphery and in the CNS. Futhermore, we detected lower levels of CCL2 and IL-6 also from brain and spinal cord extracted mononucear cells at day 10th post-immunization. We were not able to detect differences on IL-4,5,10, 13, IL-12p70, TNF-<font face=\"symbol\">a, e IFN-<font face=\"symbol\">g between the groups. Thus, our results show that the oral tolerance phenomenon suppresses EAE findings, mainly due to a lower lymphoprolipherative response associated to a supression over the expansion of Th17 pathogenic T cells both in the periphery and inside the CNS.
9

Caracterização fenotípica e funcional das células imunocompetentes da mucosa intestinal envolvidas na tolerância oral a ovalbumina / Phenotypic and functional characterization from mucosal immunocompetent cells in the oral tolerance

Ruberti, Maristela, 1975- 03 December 2012 (has links)
Orientador: Wirla Maria da Silva Cunha Tamashiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T10:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ruberti_Maristela_D.pdf: 10774061 bytes, checksum: 7afe7ee8aa8c7f97c1f80e66f0cd8bfa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Trabalhos anteriores de nosso laboratório mostraram que camundongos transgênicos DO11.10, cuja maioria dos linfócitos T expressam TCR específico para ovalbumina (OVA) no contexto de...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Previous work from our laboratory showed that DO11.10 transgenic mice, in which the most of T lymphocytes express TCR specific for ovalbumin (OVA) in the context of...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Imunologia / Doutor em Genetica e Biologia Molecular
10

Modulação da artrite experimental induzida pela associação de colágeno tipo II e ovalbumina / Modulation of experimental arthritis induced by the association of ovalbumin and type II collagen

Thomé, Rodolfo, 1987- 18 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Wirla Maria da Silva Cunha Tamashiro. Patrícia Ucelli Simioni / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T17:08:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thome_Rodolfo_M.pdf: 2705250 bytes, checksum: 05d8c21f84c00f9da679ff148b082292 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O camundongo BALB/c, linhagem geneticamente resistente à artrite induzida por colágeno (CIA), pode desenvolver um quadro similar ao de camundongos susceptíveis quando uma proteína não relacionada ao próprio, como a ovalbumina (OVA), é associada a colágeno tipo II (CII). Utilizando esse modelo, avaliamos se a tolerância oral a OVA poderia interferir nas respostas imunes contra CII, bem como o efeito da transferência adotiva de células dendríticas (DCs) tolerogênicas para camundongos artríticos. Para avaliação dos efeitos da tolerância oral sobre o desenvolvimento de artrite em BALB/c, os camundongos foram alimentados com OVA misturada à água de beber na concentração de 4mg/mL, por sete dias consecutivos, antes ou depois do desafio com CII+OVA (100?g/mL de cada antígeno). Para avaliar a participação de células dendríticas (DCs) tolerogênicas na modulação da artrite em BALB/c, células CD11c+ foram isoladas de baços de animais tolerantes à OVA e transferidas adotivamente para camundongos naïve, que foram subsequentemente imunizados com CII+OVA (100?g de cada antígeno). Para acompanhamento da evolução dos quadros de artrite, foram avaliados: o edema de patas, tomando-se regularmente as medidas de espessura de patas; realizadas análises histológicas dos tecidos articulares de joelhos e; conduzidas avaliações ex-vivo dos níveis séricos de anticorpos anti-CII e de respostas proliferativas e produção de citocinas de linfócitos T esplênicos. O tratamento com OVA antes da indução de CIA preveniu o desenvolvimento da artrite em todos os parâmetros analisados, enquanto que o tratamento com OVA após o estabelecimento da doença reduziu significativamente a inflamação e a produção de anticorpos anti-CII. Observamos ainda que a transferência de DCs tolerogênicas preveniu o aparecimento dos sinais clínicos da doença e o aumento dos níveis de anticorpos específicos no soro e reduziu significativamente a proliferação de linfócitos T CII-específicos. Enquanto a frequência de células CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ foi maior nas culturas de células de animais recipientes de DCs tolerogênicas, houve redução significativa na frequência de células produtoras de IFN? e IL-17. Os níveis de TGF-?, IL-4 e IL-10 foram significativamente mais elevados nas culturas de células esplênicas de animais recipientes de DCs tolerogênicas, enquanto que os de IFN-?, IL-6 e TNF-? foram mais reduzidos. Tomados em conjunto, nossos resultados indicam que a tolerância oral a um antígeno não relacionado ao próprio modifica o curso da artrite experimental em resposta ao colágeno, e que células dendríticas com perfil tolerogênico estão envolvidas nos fenômenos observados / Abstract: BALB/c mice, genetically resistant to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), can develop a inflammatory condition resembling what is observed in susceptible strains when a non-related protein, such as ovalbumin (OVA), is associated with type II collagen (CII). Using this model, we evaluated whether oral tolerance to OVA could interfere in the immune response against CII, as well as the effect of adoptive transfer of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) to arthritic mice. In order to evaluate the effect of oral tolerance over arthritis development in BALB/c mice, animals were fed with OVA in the drinking water at a 4mg/mL concentration, for seven consecutive days, before or after challenge with CII+OVA (100?g of each antigen). In order to evaluate the participation of tolerogenic DCs in the modulation of arthritis, splenic CD11c+ cells were isolated from OVA tolerant mice and adoptively transferred to naïve mice, which were subsequently immunized with CII+OVA. In order to monitor the evolution of the severity of arthritis, we evaluated paw edema, taking paw thickness regularly measured; performed histological analyses of articular knee tissues and, conducted ex-vivo evaluation of serum specific antibody levels and proliferation and cytokine secretion of splenic T lymphocytes. The treatment with OVA before CIA induction prevented the development of arthritis in all analyzed parameters, while the treatment after disease onset significantly reduced inflammation and CII-specific antibody production. We also observed that tolerogenic DC transfer prevented the appearance of clinical signs of arthritis, the increase of serum specific antibody levels and significantly reduced CII-specific T lymphocytes proliferation. While the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells were higher in cell culture from tolerogenic DC recipient mice, frequency of IFN?- and IL-17- producing cells were significantly reduced. We observed that levels of TGF-?, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher in cultures of splenic cells from mice recipient of tolerogenic DC, while levels of IFN-?, IL-6 and TNF-? were reduced. Taken together, our results indicate that oral tolerance to a non-related antigen modifies the course of experimental arthritis in response to collagen, and that dendritic cells with a tolerogenic profile are involved in the observed phenomena / Mestrado / Mestre em Genética e Biologia Molecular

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