Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:54Z No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T11:34:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T11:34:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do uso de composto org?nico de ind?stria de fia??o e tecelagem sobre a qualidade do substrato e crescimento de esp?cies arb?reas do cerrado em uma cascalheira no munic?pio de Diamantina, MG. A disserta??o foi estruturada em quatro cap?tulos. O primeiro refere-se ? revis?o bibliogr?fica visando o entendimento dos conceitos que foram abordados no estudo. No segundo capitulo, a influ?ncia do composto no substrato foi avaliada por meio das altera??es nos atributos qu?micos (pH, mat?ria org?nica (MO), soma de bases (SB), CTC, satura??o por bases (V), f?sforo (P), pot?ssio (K), c?lcio (Ca2+), magn?sio (Mg2+), acidez troc?vel (Al3+), acidez potencial (H + Al) e satura??o por alum?nio (m)) e f?sicos (resist?ncia mec?nica a penetra??o (Rp) e granulometria) do substrato. Foi avaliada tamb?m a atividade microbiana: carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) respira??o microbiana (C-CO2) e quociente metab?lico (qCO2) ap?s aplica??o de cinco tratamentos: sem aplica??o de composto org?nico e diferentes concentra??es 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 e 36,0 g dm-3 por cova. O delineamento foi sistem?tico tipo ?leque? sendo os tratamentos dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. A adi??o do composto proporcionou o aumento nos valores de pH, MO, SB, CTC, V e nutrientes (P, K, Ca2+ e Mg2+) e promoveu a redu??o de Al3+, H + Al e m. O substrato minerado apresentou valores elevados de Rp indicando a compacta??o na ?rea degradada pela extra??o de cascalho, mesmo ap?s a aplica??o do composto. A adi??o de doses crescentes do composto promoveu o aumento significativo de CBM e C-CO2 ao substrato minerado. O maior valor de qCO2 indicou efici?ncia da biomassa microbiana com a incorpora??o das menores doses do composto ao substrato quando comparado ao controle. O terceiro cap?tulo refere-se ao estudo do crescimento das esp?cies nativas Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (Pau santo), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinh?tico), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacarand? do cerrado) e Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira-preta) plantadas em delineamento sistem?tico tipo ?leque? submetidas a cinco tratamentos: sem aplica??o de composto org?nico e diferentes doses de composto 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 e 36,0 g dm-3 por cova dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. Ap?s 12 meses, verificou-se que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos para sobreviv?ncia e incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa para cada esp?cie. Ainda, de forma preliminar foi poss?vel determinar que a adi??o de 4,5 g dm-3 de composto na cova proporcionou maiores valores de incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa para Plathymenia reticulata e Bowdichia virgilioides. No quarto cap?tulo, foi realizado o plantio em linha de Chamaecrista debilis submetida a quatro tratamentos, 0,0; 30,0; 60,0 e 120,0 g dm-3 de composto como adubo por cova, dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. Os resultados indicaram que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre as doses de composto aplicado para incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa. O maior valor de incremento em altura e cobertura de copa ocorreu sem a adi??o de composto de res?duo org?nico de ind?stria de fia??o e tecelagem e para di?metro com a aplica??o de 60,0 g dm-3, no entanto, ? necess?ria a realiza??o de avalia??es futuras. A taxa de sobreviv?ncia apresentou decr?scimo significativo com a aplica??o das maiores dosagens de composto org?nico. A esp?cie Chamaecrista debilis apresentou caracter?sticas importantes para recupera??o de ?rea degradada, como r?pido crescimento e produ??o de biomassa. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of the use of composed of organic residue spinning industry and weaving on the quality of the substratum and growth of arboreal species of the thicket in a gravol-pit in the municipality of Diamantina, MG. The dissertation was structured in four chapters. Being the first, regarding the bibliographical revision seeking the understanding of the concepts and theoretical questions of what was borded in the study. In the second I chapter, the influence of the compound in the substratum was evaluated through the alterations in the chemical attributes (pH, organic matter (MO), sum of bases (SB), CTC, saturation for bases (V), match (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), exchangeable acidity (Al3+), potential acidity (H + Al) and saturation for aluminum (m)) and physical (mechanical resistance the penetration (Rp) and texture) of the substratum. As well as in the microbial activity of the same: carbon of the microbial biomass (CBM) microbial breathing (C-CO2) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) after application of five treatments: without application of organic composition and different concentrations 0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 and 36,0 g dm-3 for hole. The delineation was systematic type "fan" being the treatments disposed in three blocks unexpected. The addition of the compound stimulated the increase in the pH values, MO, SB, CTC, V and nutritious (P, K, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and it promoted the reduction of Al3+, H + Al and m. The mined substratum presented high values of Rp indicating the compactation in the area degraded by the gravel extraction, even after the application of the composed. The addition of growing doses of the compound promoted the significant increase of CBM and C-CO2 to the mined substratum. The largest qCO2 value indicated efficiency of the microbial biomass with the incorporation of the smallest dosages of the compound to the substratum when compared to the control. The third chapter, refers to the study of the growth of the native species Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (sacred Wood), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinh?tico), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacaranda of the Thicket) and Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira-black) planted in delineation systematic type " fan " submitted to five treatments: without application of organic composition and different doses of compound 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 and 36,0 g dm-3 for hole disposed in three blocks unexpected. After 12 months, it was verified that there was not significant difference among the treatments for survival and increment in height, diameter and top covering for each species. Still, in a preliminary way it was possible to determine that the addition of 45 g dm-3 of compound of organic residue of textile industry in the hole stimulated larger increment values in height, diameter and top covering for Plathymenia reticulata and Bowdichia virgilioides. In the fourth chapter, the planting was made in line of Chamaecrista debilis submitted to four treatments, 0,0; 30,0; 60,0 and 120,0 g dm-3 compound dm-3 as fertilizer for hole, disposed in three blocks inexpected. The results indicated that there was not significant difference among compound applied for increment in height and diameter. The largest increment value in height and diameter happened without the addition and with the application of 60,0 g dm-3 of compound of organic residue of textile industry, however it is necessary the accomplishment of future evaluations. The survival rate presented significant decrease with the application of the largest doses of organic compund. The species Chamaecrista debilis presented important characteristics for recovery of degraded area, as fast growth and biomass production.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:03:27Z No. of bitstreams: 5 abraao.pdf: 3789153 bytes, checksum: 0d883e26dd234b7e0859f99b195f74c4 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:44:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 abraao.pdf: 3789153 bytes, checksum: 0d883e26dd234b7e0859f99b195f74c4 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-19T13:44:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 abraao.pdf: 3789153 bytes, checksum: 0d883e26dd234b7e0859f99b195f74c4 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-19 / O trabalho apresentado nesta disserta??o descreve o estudo fitoqu?mico e de atividade biol?gica das folhas e caules e flores de Plectranthus neochilus Schltr., esp?cie pertencente ? fam?lia Lamiaceae. A planta ? uma erva arom?tica conhecida popularmente no Brasil como ?boldo? ou ?boldo-gamb??, e assim como as esp?cies P. barbatus Andrews (?boldo-brasileiro") e P. ornatus Codd. ("boldinho"), tem o ch? de suas folhas utilizadas na medicina tradicional no tratamento de insufici?ncia hep?tica e dispepsia, em substitui??o a Peumus boldus Molina (?boldo-do-chile?). O estudo fitoqu?mico do extrato hex?nico das folhas e caules de P. neochilus forneceu dois triterpenos: ?-amirina (PN1) e friedelina (PN2). PN1 foi isolada como um ?ster de ?cido graxo ligado na posi??o C-3. Deste extrato foi obtida tamb?m a mistura dos ester?ides sitosterol e estigmasterol (PN3). O estudo fitoqu?mico conduzido com o extrato em acetato de etila das folhas e caules forneceu a flavona metoxilada nas posi??es C-6 e C-7, a cirsimartina (PN4). Todos os compostos obtidos foram descritos pela primeira vez na esp?cie. A elucida??o estrutural dos compostos isolados, baseou-se na an?lise espectrosc?pica de RMN 1D, CLAE, ESI e por compara??o com dados encontrados na literatura. O extrato metan?lico das folhas e caules de P. neochilus mostrou significativa atividade antioxidante quando avaliado pelo m?todo de DPPH, seguido pelo extrato em acetato de etila e hex?nico. Foi avaliado tamb?m o extrato metan?lico das flores da esp?cie, que apresentou atividade inferior aquele observado para o extrato metan?lico das folhas e caule, sendo estas atividades confirmadas pelo conte?do fen?lico dos extratos. A atividade anticolinester?sica dos extratos das folhas e caules e das flores de P. neochilus foi avaliada, sendo observada a inibi??o da enzima acetilcolinesterase para todos os extratos pesquisados. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The present work describes the phytochemical and pharmacological investigation on extracts of the leaves and stems and flowers of the species Plectranthus neochilus Schltr. belonged to the family Lamiaceae. The plant is aromatic herb popularly known in Brazil as ?boldo? or ?boldo-gamb??, and as the species P. barbatus Andrews (?boldo-brasileiro") e P. ornatus Codd. ("boldinho"), according to ethnopharmacological survey, is often used in the treatment of hepatic insufficiency and dyspepsia, replacing the Peumus boldus Molina (?boldo-do-chile?). The phytochemical investigation of the hexanic extract of the P. neochilus leaves and stems yielded two triterpenes: ?-amyrin (PN1) e friedelin (PN2). The compound ?-amirin was isolated as a fatty acid ester in position C-3. In this extract was also obtained the mixture of the steroids sitosterol and stigmasterol (PN3). The phytochemical study conducted with the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves and stems gave the methoxy flavone at positions C-6 and C-7, the cirsimartin (PN4). All compounds obtained were first described in the species. Structural elucidation of isolated compounds was based on spectroscopic analysis of 1D NMR, HPLC, ESY and by comparison with data found in literature. The methanol extract of leaves and stems of P. neochilus showed significant antioxidant activity when evaluated by the DPPH method, followed by the extract in ethyl acetate and hexane. We also evaluate the methanol extract of flowers of the species that showed activity lower than that observed for the methanolic extract from leaves and stems, and these activities confirmed for the content of phenolic extracts. The anticholinesterase activity of extracts of leaves and stems and flowers of P. neochilus was evaluated and found to inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase to all extracts studied.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:43Z No. of bitstreams: 5 cli.pdf: 2071528 bytes, checksum: dac792d5c097644e675cbf4a0a1ef994 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:21:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 cli.pdf: 2071528 bytes, checksum: dac792d5c097644e675cbf4a0a1ef994 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:21:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 cli.pdf: 2071528 bytes, checksum: dac792d5c097644e675cbf4a0a1ef994 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-19 / Myrciaria cauliflora (jabuticabeira) ? uma esp?cie frut?fera, nativa do Brasil e bastante cultivada em pomares dom?sticos de Minas Gerais. Por?m, pouco se conhece sobre a composi??o qu?mica e efeitos biol?gicos dos res?duos de seus frutos. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a composi??o qu?mica, o potencial antioxidante (in vitro) e hipolipid?mico (in vivo) da farinha das cascas do fruto de Myrciaria cauliflora. Para tanto, frutos (jabuticabas) maduros foram despolpados manualmente e suas cascas secas e trituradas at? a obten??o de uma farinha homog?nea (FCJ). Avaliou-se sua composi??o centesimal, conte?do mineral, fen?licos totais, flavon?ides e antocianinas, assim como sua atividade antioxidante in vitro atrav?s de diferentes m?todos (DPPH, ABTS?+, FRAP e ?-caroteno/?cido linol?ico). A FCJ foi submetida ? extra??o hidroalco?lica e os extratos fracionados em Cromatografia em Coluna (CC). Os fitoconstituintes isolados foram caracterizados por IV e RMN. O potencial hipolipid?mico foi avaliado em grupos de ratos machos alimentados com dietas semipurificadas, sendo a dieta Padr?o (PDR) baseada na AIN93M, a dieta Controle (CTRL) semelhante ? PDR e suplementada com 7% de banha de porco, e tr?s dietas experimentais semelhantes ? CTRL, por?m suplementadas com 7, 10 e 15% de FCJ (JAB1, JAB2 e JAB3, respectivamente). N?veis s?ricos e hep?ticos de colesterol, bem como n?veis s?ricos de HDL, triglicer?deos e glicose foram avaliados. A excre??o fecal de lip?deos foi avaliada tamb?m. A FCJ foi classificada como fornecedora de alto teor de fibras (15,26%). Os teores de fen?licos totais (1895 mg ?cido g?lico/100 g), flavon?ides (8,960 g de catequina /100g) e antocianinas (0,6823 g de cianidina-3-glicos?deo/100g) foram altos assim como a atividade antioxidante verificada pela captura de radicais-livres DPPH (3,184 g de FCJ/g DPPH) e ABTS?+ (1017 ?mol Trolox/g de FCJ), redu??o dos ?ons Fe+3 (167,7 mM de Fe2SO4/100g) e capacidade de inibi??o do branqueamento do ?-caroteno (75,96% de inibi??o para a concentra??o de 1000 mg/L). O ?cido c?trico, o sitosterol e o sitosterol-D-glicopiranos?deo foram isolados, sendo, os dois ?ltimos, citados pela primeira vez nesta esp?cie. A inclus?o da FCJ, nas tr?s propor??es, reduziu o colesterol total (CT) e os triglicer?deos (TG) s?ricos em rela??o ? dieta CTRL. A dieta JAB3 elevou os n?veis de HDL s?ricos e reduziu os de colesterol hep?tico em rela??o ? CTRL. A dieta JAB3 reduziu a glicose s?rica em compara??o ? JAB2, mas essa diferen?a n?o foi significativa em rela??o ? PDR, ? CTRL ou ? JAB1. N?o houve diferen?a na excre??o fecal de lip?deos entre os grupos experimentais. Os resultados obtidos poder?o servir de aux?lio para o melhor aproveitamento deste res?duo e compreens?o de seus efeitos metab?licos al?m de contribuir para garantir a seguran?a da sua ingest?o como alimento. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Myrciaria cauliflora (jabuticabeira) is a fruit specie, native in Brazil and created mainly in domestic gardens in Minas Gerais. However, little is known about its chemical composition and biological effects in the fruit residue. In front of this, the present work had as a goal to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant potential (in vitro) and hypolipidemic (in vivo) of Myrciaria cauliflora fruit peel flour (FCJ). For that, mature fruits (jabuticaba) were pulped manually and its peel was dried and crushed to obtain a homogeneous flour (FCJ). There had been evaluated the proximate composition, mineral content as well as total phenolic, flavonoids and anthocyanins as their antioxidant activity in vitro through different methods (DPPH, ABTS?+, FRAP and ?-caroten/acid linoleic). The FCJ was also subjected to extraction with water-alcohol extracts fractionated in column chromatography (CC). The phytochemicals isolated were characterized IR and NMR. The lipid-lowering activity was evaluated in groups of male rats, fed with semipurified diets, being a PDR diet based on AIN93M; a CTRL diet based on PDR, but added 7% of pork lard; and three experimental diets similar to CTRL, but added MPF at 7, 10 and 15% (JAB1, JAB2 and JAB3, respectively). Serum and liver cholesterol as well as serum levels of HDL, triglycerides and glucose were evaluated. Fecal output of lipids was also evaluated. The FCJ was classified as a supplier of high-fiber (15,26%). The levels of total phenolic (1895 mg gallic acid/100 g), flavonoids (8,960 g de catechin /100g) and anthocyanins (0,6823 g de cyanidin-3-glucoside/100g) were high as the antioxidant activity verified to capture of free radicals DPPH (3,184 g de FCJ/g DPPH) and ABTS?+ (1017 ?mol Trolox/g de FCJ), to reduction of ions Fe+3 (167,7 mM de Fe2SO4/100g) and capacity in inhibition of whitening of ?-caroten (75,96% of inhibition of concentration of 1000 mg/L). The citric acid, sitosterol and sitosterol-?D-glucopyranoside were isolated, being the last two, mentioned in this specie for the first time. The inclusion of the MPF, at the three ratios reduced serum cholesterol and triglycerides compared to CTRL. JAB3 diet raised serum HDL cholesterol and reduced liver cholesterol compared to CTRL. JAB3 diet reduced serum glucose compared to JAB2, but this difference was not significant compared to PDR, CTRL or JAB1. There was no difference in fecal output of lipids between the groups. The results obtained may serve as an aid to better utilization of residue and to understand the MFP metabolic effects in addition to ensure the safety of its intake as a food.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:45Z No. of bitstreams: 5 gui.pdf: 4235660 bytes, checksum: a4da31a1b3421bf1fd546fc015611c65 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:39:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 gui.pdf: 4235660 bytes, checksum: a4da31a1b3421bf1fd546fc015611c65 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:39:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 gui.pdf: 4235660 bytes, checksum: a4da31a1b3421bf1fd546fc015611c65 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-17 / Realizou-se a s?ntese de doadores e receptores glicos?dicos in?ditos que foram utilizados numa s?ntese convergente de um precursor da adenofostina A. Igualmente, a converg?ncia das sintonas tinha como prop?sito principal o estudo de rea??es de glicosila??o, ou seja, foram explorados dois m?todos de forma??o de liga??es glicos?dicas: o m?todo do tricloroacetoimidato e o m?todo de isomeriza??o do doador glicos?dico al?lico. A prepara??o dos aceptores e doadores glicos?dicos envolveu sequ?ncias de prote??o e desprote??o de grupos hidroxila a partir da adenosina e da D-glicose, respectivamente, privilegiando-se a forma??o de doadores armados e a observa??o da estereoqu?mica no carbono anom?rico. Os an?meros ? e ? formados nesta sequ?ncia de s?ntese foram separados, mas somente os an?meros ? foram motivo de caracteriza??o pelos m?todos de an?lise usuais de espectrometria RMN 1D e 2D, de massas e no infravermelho. Dessa forma, foram sintetizados dois aceptores glicos?dicos (17) e (18) e cinco doadores glicos?dicos (9), (11?), (11?), (13?) e (13?), sendo todas as subst?ncias in?ditas. Dentre os ensaios de glicosila??o somente o m?todo do tricloroacetoimidato produziu o produto desejado (glicosila??o entre 11? e 17) cuja caracteriza??o estrutural encontra-se em andamento. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT This works discusses the synton?s synthesis of the, unpublished glycosidic donors and aceptors that have been used in a convergent synthesis of a precursor of adenophostin A. Furthermore, the convergence of syntons main purpose was to study the glycosylation, ie been explored two methods of forming glycosidic linkages, the method of trichloroacetimidate and method of isomerization of the allyl glycoside donor. The preparation of donors and acceptors glycosidic sequences involving protection and deprotection of hydroxyl groups from adenosine and D-glucose, respectively, favoring the formation of armed donors and observation of stereochemistry at anomeric carbon. The and anomers formed in this synthesis sequence were separated, but the only reason anomers were characterization by usual methods of analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass and infrared. Thus, we synthesized two glycoside acceptors (17) and (18) and five donor glycoside (9), (11), (11), (13) and (13), all substances are novel. Among the glycosylation assays only the method of tricloroacetimidate gave the desired product (glycosylation between 11 and 17) that is the object of characterizing and whose data has not yet been completed and conclusive.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:03:29Z No. of bitstreams: 5 iara.pdf: 1872463 bytes, checksum: 144f33d2ce5b8368dadbce39601c5451 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:51:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 iara.pdf: 1872463 bytes, checksum: 144f33d2ce5b8368dadbce39601c5451 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:51:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 iara.pdf: 1872463 bytes, checksum: 144f33d2ce5b8368dadbce39601c5451 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-21 / O caf? est? entre os produtos agr?colas de maior import?ncia no com?rcio internacional e sua qualidade como produto ? um importante fator na forma??o de pre?o, al?m de ser uma das bebidas mais consumidas mundialmente e por isso desperta o interesse para os estudos dos efeitos fisiol?gicos dos seus constituintes. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os constituintes a??cares, s?lidos sol?veis totais, fen?licos, flavon?ides, cafe?na e determinar a acidez total, o pH e a atividade antioxidantepor diferentes m?todos (DPPH, ABTS?+ e FRAP) no gr?o de caf? cru. Tamb?m avaliar os efeitos do tratamento sub-cr?nico com cafe?na e caf? no peso corporal e dos ?rg?os (ba?o, cora??o, f?gado, rins, supra renais e test?culos), comprimento dos ossos (f?mur e t?bia), ingest?o de alimentos (s?lidos e l?quidos) e par?metros bioqu?micos (colesterol total, glicemia e triglic?rides) em ratos machos Wistar. Foram utilizados 30 ratos: Controle (C) ? receberam ra??o e ?gua; Cafe?na (CA) ? receberam ra??o e ?gua contendo 0,1% de cafe?na; Caf? 0,1% (CC1) ? receberam ra??o e caf? contendo 0,1% de cafe?na; Caf? 0,05% (CC5) ? receberam ra??o e caf? contendo 0,05% de cafe?na; caf? 0,025% (CC25) - receberam ra??o e caf? contendo 0,025% de cafe?na. As amostras de caf? das safras de 2010 e 2011 analisadas, apresentaram diferen?as significativas para os teores de fen?licos totais, flavon?ides, cafe?na, s?lidos sol?veis, a??cares totais e n?o-redutores, al?m de acidez total e pH. A atividade antioxidante total para os m?todos utilizados (ABTS, DPPH e FRAP) e teor de a??cares redutores n?o variaram significativamente de um ano para o outro. No ensaio biol?gico os animais CC1 pesaram menos do que os C, CC5 e CC25. Em rela??o ao ba?o, os CC5 pesaram menos do que os C e CC25; os CC1 menos do que os C. As supra renais dos CC1 pesaram menos do que as dos Ca e CC25. Os CC1 apresentaram menor peso dos test?culos do que os C, CA, CC5 e CC25 e os CC25 pesaram mais do que os C. Os ratos CC1 apresentaram menor comprimento do f?mur do que os C, CC5 e CC25 e menor t?bia do que os C, CA, CC5 e CC25. Os animais CC25 apresentaram maiores taxas de glicemia do que os CC1 e CC5 e os CC1 maiores taxas de colesterol total do que os C e CC25. Os animais CC1 comeram menos do que os C durante o tratamento e beberam menos na primeira semana. Os resultados obtidos poder?o servir de aux?lio para maior conhecimento sobre a interfer?ncia dos compostos qu?micos na qualidade da bebida de caf? e compreens?o de seus efeitos metab?licos no organismo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT Coffee is among the most important agricultural products in international trade and its quality as a product is an important factor in price formation, besides being one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide and therefore arouses interest for studies of the physiological effects of its constituents. Thus, the present study was to evaluate the constituent sugars, soluble solids, phenolics, flavonoids, caffeine and determine the total acidity, pH and activity antioxidantepor different methods (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS ? +) in raw coffee beans . The objective was also to evaluated the effects of sub-chronic treatment with coffee and caffeine on body weight and organs (spleen, heart, liver, kidneys, adrenals and testicles); bone?s length (femur and tibia); food intake (solid and liquid) and biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides) in male Wistarrats.A total of 30 rats were used: Control (C) - received food and water; Caffeine (CA) - received food and water containing 1% caffeine; Coffee 1% (CC1) - received food and coffee containing 1% caffeine; Coffee 0.05% (CC5) - received food and coffee containing 0.05% caffeine; coffee 0.025% (CC25) - received food and coffee containing 0.025% caffeine. Samples of coffee crop in 2010 and 2011 analyzed showed significant differences in the levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, caffeine, soluble solids, total sugars and non-reducing sugars, and total acidity and pH. The total antioxidant activity for the methods (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP) and reducing sugars did not vary significantly from one year to another. In the biological tests the animals CC1 weighed less than the samples C, CC25 and CC5.Regarding the spleen, CC5 weighed less than C and CC25; the CC1 less than C.The adrenal glands of CC1 weighed less than that of the Ca and CC25.The CC1 testicles weighed less than C, CA, CC5 and CC25; and CC25 were heavier than C.The CC1 rats had lower femur length than C, CC5 and CC25; and lower tibia than the C, CA, CC5 and CC25.The CC25 animals showed higher rates of glucose than the CC1 and CC5; and CC1 higher total cholesterol than the C and CC25.CC1 animals ate less than C during the treatment and drank lessduring the first week.The results obtained may serve as an aid to improve the quality of coffee beverage and the understanding of its metabolic effects in the body.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:46Z No. of bitstreams: 5 edu.pdf: 1793374 bytes, checksum: 659bf4622f25b099b1d7c3bd613d8f8a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T11:06:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 edu.pdf: 1793374 bytes, checksum: 659bf4622f25b099b1d7c3bd613d8f8a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T11:06:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 edu.pdf: 1793374 bytes, checksum: 659bf4622f25b099b1d7c3bd613d8f8a (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Neste trabalho est? descrito uma nova metodologia para a produ??o de biodiesel (?steres met?licos ou et?licos de ?cidos graxos) a partir do emprego de diversos ?leos vegetais na sua forma ?bruta?, assim como ?leos residuais oriundos de processo de fritura e tamb?m gordura animal (sebo) como material de partida. Al?m deste desafio, procurou-se realizar as rea??es de transesterifica??es em um processo acelerado por irradia??o das micro-ondas obtidas a partir de um forno de micro-ondas dom?stico, o qual n?o sofreu adapta??es, tais como: inser??o de um sistema de agita??o e tamb?m de refluxo, para ser utilizado em rea??es qu?micas. O primeiro passo do trabalho incluiu a utiliza??o dos diferentes ?leos vegetais brutos, isto ?, desprovidos de processo de refino e de degomagem, para a produ??o de biodiesel. Para tanto foi necess?rio o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia que permitisse a purifica??o desses ?leos vegetais brutos, pois estes podem conter subst?ncias, como a ?gua, os ?cidos graxos livres (AGL) e os ?steres de f?sforos (fosfat?dicos) que s?o inibidoras do processo de transesterifica??o. Na busca por uma t?cnica que permitisse a pr?via purifica??o desses ?leos vegetais, foram testados e obtidos excelentes resultados, quando foi realizada a sua filtra??o em s?lica gel 60 Mesh. A polaridade dessa s?lica oriunda dos grupos silan?is permitiu com grande ?xito a reten??o de AGL e dos ?steres de f?sforo, al?m do seu alto poder de adsor??o, reduzindo de maneira significativa o teor de ?gua presente nesses ?leos vegetais. O fator limitante para o emprego da s?lica gel comercial nos processos de purifica??o das diversas oleaginosas foi o seu alto custo, o que tornava invi?vel o processo de purifica??o. Ap?s diversos estudos e tentativas de encontrar um processo que substitu?sse a s?lica gel comercial anteriormente empregada, foi realizado a s?ntese de uma nova s?lica gel a partir do emprego de areia de constru??o e de carbonatos, sendo um processo simples e de baixo custo. Os resultados obtidos no processo de purifica??o dos ?leos vegetais brutos empregando s?lica gel ?sint?tica? foram similares aos da s?lica gel ?comercial?, o que levou o emprego desse processo de purifica??o de maneira sistem?tica no preparo de mat?ria-prima (reagentes) para posterior transesterifica??o. Os bons resultados permitiram testes dessa nova metodologia de purifica??o em ?leos e gorduras residuais (OGR) oriundos de processos de fritura. Nesses ?leos foram encontrados um n?mero bem maior de subprodutos (impurezas) que podem inibiriooooooo65t\azs NM de maneira parcial ou total o processo de transesterifica??o. Dessa forma, a purifica??o dos OGR tornou-se um grande desafio para a s?lica gel ?sint?tica?. Entre as impurezas contidas nesses ?leos residuais, podemos destacar os AGL, ?gua e os produtos oriundos da degrada??o oxidativa e t?rmica (per?xidos, alde?dos, cetonas, furanos, mon?meros c?clicos e n?o c?clicos) dos ?leos vegetais. Os OGR foram purificados com excelentes resultados por filtra??o sob s?lica gel ?sint?tica? em um processo realizado a temperatura ambiente. Al?m dos ?leos residuais puros, nesse processo foi obtida a gordura animal, a qual ficou retida sobre a s?lica sint?tica dentro do funil de filtra??o. Essa gordura animal foi posteriormente purificada por filtra??o a 60 ?C tamb?m em s?lica gel sint?tica e assim como o ?leo residual utilizada como material de partida na s?ntese de biodiesel. Vale ressaltar que os bons resultados alcan?ados no processo de purifica??o sob s?lica gel sint?tica e a necessidade crescente de mat?ria-prima (?leos vegetais), incentivou a amplia??o do programa de coleta de ?leo e gorduras residuais (OGR) na cidade de Diamantina/MG, intitulado como ?Doe Energia? e implantado em 2006. Tanto os ?leos vegetais brutos, como os ?leos residuais e a gordura animal purificados em s?lica gel sint?tica foram transesterificados a biodiesel (met?lico ou et?lico) em alcoolatos (metanolatos e etanolatos) previamente preparados ?in situ? a partir da solubiliza??o de NaOH ou KOH em metanol ou etanol. Neste processo ocorreu a adi??o do alcoolato sobre o material de partida, sendo a rea??o conduzida sob irradia??o de micro-ondas dom?stica a 240 W durante dez minutos e acompanhada por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD). Os produtos da rea??o (biodiesel e glicerina) foram separados por decanta??o em funil de separa??o, sendo o biodiesel (et?lico ou met?lico) posteriormente lavado at? pH neutro, seco em Na2SO4 e purificados por destila??o a press?o reduzida. A caracteriza??o do biodiesel produzido foi realizada por m?todos espectrom?tricos como a RMN1H e 13C, al?m disso, o controle de qualidade do biodiesel produzido foi realizado empregando t?cnicas anal?ticas seguindo as normas preconizadas pela Ag?ncia Nacional de Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?veis (ANP). A glicerina foi purificada, atrav?s de um pr?vio tratamento com adi??o de ?cido sulf?rico ou clor?drico, gerando o AGL, biodiesel e sulfatos ou cloretos de metais alcalinos como co-produtos. Alguns desses sais como o sulfato de s?dio foi posteriormente purificados por recristaliza??o e utilizados como dessecantes para o pr?prio biodiesel. A efici?ncia da metodologia empregando irradia??o de micro-ondas dom?stica, levou ao estudo do seu uso em rea??es in situ, ou seja, transesterifica??o direta das sementes e dos frutos de oleaginosas, tais como a soja e a mamona. Esse processo consiste em uma desidrata??o pr?via dos frutos ou sementes a uma temperatura de 80 ?C durante 8 horas. O alcoolato preparado foi adicionado sobre os frutos ou sementes triturados e secos e a mistura foi agitada com o aux?lio de um agitador mec?nico a 7500 rpm durante 10 minutos a temperatura ambiente, a fim de homogeneizar a mistura reacional. Essa mistura foi levada a um forno de micro-ondas dom?stico e irradiada a 240 W durante 10 minutos em um processo acompanhado por CCD. Ap?s esse per?odo a massa reacional foi filtrada sob v?cuo, a fim de eliminar o res?duo vegetal s?lido (torta). A solu??o resultante foi transferida para um funil de separa??o, onde ocorreu ap?s poucos minutos, a separa??o do biodiesel (fase superior) da glicerina (fase inferior) por simples decanta??o. Os produtos foram separados por decanta??o e tanto a glicerina como o biodiesel (et?lico ou met?lico) foram purificados e caracterizados. O rendimento em biodiesel foi de aproximadamente 96% no emprego de sementes de soja e de 97% empregando sementes de mamona. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT This work described a new methodology for the production of biodiesel (methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids) from the use of various vegetable oils in its "raw" as well as waste oil from the frying process and also animal fat (tallow) as starting material. In addition to this challenge, we tried to carry out the reactions transesterification in a process accelerated by microwave irradiation obtained from a domestic microwave oven, which has not undergone changes, such as insertion of an agitation system and also reflux for used in chemical reactions. The first step of the work included the use of different crude oils, this is, devoid of the process of refining and degumming, for the production of biodiesel. For this purpose it was necessary to develop a methodology that allows the purification of crude vegetable oils, as they may contain different substances such as water, free fatty acids (FFA) and esters of phosphorus (Phosphatidic) which are inhibitors of the transesterification process. In the search for a technique that allowed the prior purification of vegetable oils have been tested and achieved excellent results when your filtration was performed on silica gel 60 Mesh. The polarity of this coming from the silica silanol groups with great success allowed the retention of FFA and phosphorus esters, in addition to its high adsorption, significantly reducing the water content present in these oils. The limiting factor for the commercial use of silica gel in the purification processes of other crops was the high cost, which made impossible the purification process. After several studies and attempts to find a process to replace the previously used commercial silica gel was carried out the synthesis of a new silica gel from the use of construction sand and carbonates, with a simple and low cost. The results obtained in the purification process of crude vegetable oils using silica gel "synthetic" were similar to those of silica gel "commercial", which led to the use of this purification process in a systematic manner in the preparation of raw materials (reagents) for subsequent transesterification. The good results allowed testing of this new method of purification of waste oils and fats (WOF) from the frying process. These oils have been found a much larger number of products (impurities) in a manner that can inhibit the partial or total transesterification process. Thus, the purification of WOF has become a major challenge for the silica gel "synthetic". Among the residual impurities contained in these oils, we can highlight the FFA, water and products from thermal and oxidative degradation (peroxides, aldehydes, ketones, furans, cyclic and non cyclic monomers) of vegetable oils. The WOF with excellent results were purified by filtration on silica gel "synthetic" in a process performed at room temperature. Besides the pure residual oils, this process was obtained animal fat, which was held on the synthetic silica into the filter funnel. This fat was then purified by filtration at 60 ?C also on silica gel and synthetic as well as the residual oil is also used as starting material in the synthesis of biodiesel. It is noteworthy that the good results achieved in the purification process in synthetic silica gel and the increasing need of raw material (vegetable oils) has encouraged the expansion of the program to collect waste oil and fats (WOF) in the Diamantina / MG city, titled as "Energy Donate" and implemented in 2006. Both crude vegetable oils, such as waste oils and animal fat purified on silica gel synthesis was transesterified biodiesel (methyl or ethyl) in alcoholates (metanolatos and ethanolate) previously prepared "in situ" from the solubilization of NaOH or KOH in methanol or ethanol. This process was the addition of alcoholates on the starting material, and the reaction was conducted under microwave irradiation of a 240 W home for ten minutes and accompanied by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The reaction products (biodiesel and glycerol) were separated by decanting funnel separation, and biodiesel (methyl or ethyl) subsequently washed until neutral, dried on Na2SO4 and purified by distillation at reduced pressure. The characterization of the biodiesel produced was performed by spectrometric methods such as RMN 1H and 13C, in addition, the quality control of biodiesel was carried out using analytical techniques following the standards recommended by the National Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency (ANP). The glycerin was purified through a previous treatment with sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, generating the FFA, biodiesel or chlorides and sulfates of alkali metals as co-product. Some of these salts such as sodium sulfate was further purified by recrystallization and used as desiccants for their own biodiesel. The efficiency of the methodology using a household microwave irradiation, led to the study of their use in reactions in situ, that is, direct transesterification of seeds and fruits of oilseeds such as soybeans and castor beans. This process consists of a prior dehydration of fruits or seeds at a temperature of 80 ?C for 8 hours. The alcoholates prepared was added on the fruits or seeds crushed and dried mixture was stirred with the aid of a mechanical stirrer at 7500 rpm for 10 minutes at room temperature in order to homogenize the reaction mixture. This mixture was brought to a domestic microwave oven and irradiated at 240 W for 10 minutes in a process monitored by TLC. After this time the reaction mass was filtered under vacuum to remove the solid waste plant (cake). The resulting solution was transferred to a separatory funnel, which occurred a few minutes, after the separation of biodiesel (upper phase) of glycerin (lower phase) by simple decantation. The products were separated by decantation and glycerin as much biodiesel (methyl or ethyl) have been purified and characterized. The yield of biodiesel was approximately 96% in the use of soybean and 97% employing castor beans.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:33Z No. of bitstreams: 5 3.pdf: 1293801 bytes, checksum: 8df08be550789bd3f1c5c25b92deba50 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20626 bytes, checksum: 7851d446050a985bd0603b7c4cee472d (MD5) license_rdf: 19710 bytes, checksum: aa65da15f424ff71c620a992a187295c (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:19:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 3.pdf: 1293801 bytes, checksum: 8df08be550789bd3f1c5c25b92deba50 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20626 bytes, checksum: 7851d446050a985bd0603b7c4cee472d (MD5) license_rdf: 19710 bytes, checksum: aa65da15f424ff71c620a992a187295c (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:19:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 3.pdf: 1293801 bytes, checksum: 8df08be550789bd3f1c5c25b92deba50 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20626 bytes, checksum: 7851d446050a985bd0603b7c4cee472d (MD5) license_rdf: 19710 bytes, checksum: aa65da15f424ff71c620a992a187295c (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / A turfeira ? formada pelo ac?mulo em sucess?o de restos vegetais, em locais que apresentam condi??es que inibem a atividade de microrganismos decompositores, como excesso de umidade, baixo pH, escassez de oxig?nio e temperaturas amenas. Em Diamantina, esse pedoambiente ? encontrado na ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental - APA Pau-de-Fruta, situada a 6 km da sede do munic?pio, a uma altitude m?dia de 1366 m. A APA est? inserida na Serra do Espinha?o Meridional, sua litologia ? predominantemente quartz?tica e a vegeta??o ? t?pica de campo rupestre, com pequenas ilhas de cerrado denominadas cap?es, que se adaptaram ao ambiente hidrom?rfico. O ambiente ? oligotr?fico e apresenta elevados teores de Al3+ e valores de satura??o por alum?nio. As turfeiras formadas nessa ?rea apresentam verticalmente uma estrutura bem definida, sendo que as camadas mais superficiais foram classificadas, de acordo com seu est?gio de decomposi??o, como f?bricas, as intermedi?rias como h?micas e as camadas mais profundas, como s?pricas. A turfeira, por ser um ambiente de ac?mulo de mat?ria org?nica em condi??es de baixa atividade de O2, favorece a forma??o e a manuten??o de subst?ncias h?micas, sobretudo as fra??es menos sol?veis, de forma que o teor de humina ? maior que os teores de ?cidos h?micos que, por sua vez, s?o maiores que o teor de ?cidos f?lvicos. A turfeira, devido ao seu comportamento tipo esponja, apresenta grande import?ncia na din?mica da ?gua nessa regi?o, de forma que, nos per?odos chuvosos, ela armazena ?gua em seus poros e a libera de forma gradativa com o passar do tempo. A turfeira da APA Pau-de-Fruta ocupa 81,75 ha, armazena cerca de 629.782 m3 de ?gua e estoca em torno de 33.129 toneladas de carbono. Dessa forma, a turfeira da APA Pau-de-Fruta representa um consider?vel reservat?rio natural de ?gua, bem como o importante ambiente de sequestro de carbono e ? fundamental para o abastecimento de ?gua da cidade de Diamantina. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2009. / ABSTRACT The Peat Bog is formed by the accumulation in succession of crop residues in places with conditions that inhibit the activity of microbial decomposers, such as excessive moisture, low pH, lack of oxygen and mild temperatures. In Diamantina, this is found in the Environmental Protection Area - EPA Pau-de-Fruta, situated 6 km from the headquarters of the city, at an average altitude of 1,366 m. The EPA is inserted in the Serra do Espinha?o Meridional, its lithology is predominantly quartz and its vegetation is typical of rocky field, with small islands of ?cerrado? (vegetation of the Brazilian interior) called ?cap?es?, which are adapted to the hydromorphic environment. The environment is oligotrophic and offers high levels of Al3+ and the values of saturation by aluminum. The bogs formed in this area have a vertically well-defined structure and, according to their stage of decomposition, the more superficial layers were classified as ?f?bricas?, the intermediate layers as ?h?micas?, and the deeper layers as ?s?pricas?. The bog, being an environment of accumulation of organic material under conditions of low activity of O2, promotes the formation and maintenance of wet substances, especially the less soluble fractions, so that the content of humin is greater than the levels of humic acids which in turn are greater than the content of fulvic acids. The bog, because of its behavior type sponge, has great importance in the dynamics of water in this region, so that in rainy periods it stores water in its pores and releases it gradually over the time. The bog of the EAP Pau-de-Fruta occupies 81.75 ha, stores about 629,782 m3 of water and stocks around 33,129 tonnes of carbon. Thus, the bog of of the EAP Pau-de-Fruta is a considerable natural reservoir of water, and an important environment of carbon sequestration and it is essential for the supply of water for the city of Diamantina.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:37Z No. of bitstreams: 5 66.pdf: 633982 bytes, checksum: fdad2ae3be9096fae7ea678fc3d85800 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:48:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 66.pdf: 633982 bytes, checksum: fdad2ae3be9096fae7ea678fc3d85800 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:48:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 66.pdf: 633982 bytes, checksum: fdad2ae3be9096fae7ea678fc3d85800 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Melhorar a efici?ncia da absor??o de P no solo pelas culturas, por meio de manejos diferenciados da aduba??o fosfatada, diz respeito a um melhor aproveitamento do nutriente adicionado via fertiliza??o, que significa ganhos em produtividade. Em solos onde predominam argilas de baixa atividade e ?xidos em sua fra??o mineral, a fixa??o de P por meio dos processos de adsor??o e precipita??o torna a nutri??o fosfatada um fator limitante para produ??o da maioria das esp?cies cultiv?veis. O ?nion citrato, derivado da dissocia??o do ?cido c?trico no solo, possui elevado poder complexante de metais. Al?m disso, sua carga negativa garante afinidade com as cargas positivas dos ?xidos no solo, competindo com o fosfato pelos mesmos s?tios de liga??o. Com objetivo de verificar o potencial do ?cido c?trico em aumentar a biodisponibilidade ao milho e modificar as formas de P inorg?nico no solo, testou-se a combina??o das doses 0; 45; 90 e 180 mg dm-3 de P num Neossolo Quartzar?nico e 0; 100; 200 e 400 mg dm-3 de P num Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, com doses equivalentes a 0; 1; 2 e 4 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico, em experimentos em vasos, em condi??es de casa de vegeta??o. No Neossolo Quartzar?nico, 119 mg dm-3 de P e equivalente a 0,8 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico proporcionaram m?ximo crescimento das plantas de milho. J? no Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, a estimativa das doses foi de 96 mg dm-3 de P e equivalente a 2,0 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico. A resposta das plantas ? aplica??o do ?cido c?trico deveu-se ? solubiliza??o de formas menos l?beis aumentando as formas mais l?beis de P inorg?nico no solo. Os teores de P na planta e aqueles extra?dos por Mehlich-1e Resina de Troca Ani?nica n?o se correlacionaram quanto ? adi??o de ?cido c?trico no Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT To improve the efficiency of absorption, by crops, of P in soil, through differentiated maneuvers of phosphorus fertilization, relates to a better utilization of nutrients added through fertilization, which means productivity gains. In soils with a predominance of low activity clays and oxides in their mineral fraction, the P fixation through the processes of adsorption and precipitation makes phosphorus nutrition a limiting factor for production of most cultivable species. The anion citrate derived from citric acid dissociation of the soil has high metal complexing power. Furthermore, its negative charge ensures an affinity with the positive charges of the oxides in the soil, competing with phosphate for the same binding sites. In order to verify the potential of citric acid to increase the bioavailability for maize and to modify the forms of inorganic P in the soil, there had been tested the combination doses of 0, 45, 90 and 180 mg dm-3 of P in a Typic Quartzipsamment soil and 0; 100, 200 and 400 mg dm-3 of P in a Typic Hapludox soil, with doses of 0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1 of citric acid in experiments conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions. In Typic Quartzipsamment soil, 119 mg dm-3 of P and an equivalent to 0.8 kg ha-1 of citric acid gave maximum growth of maize crops. In the Typic Hapludox soil, the estimated dose was 96 mg dm-3 of P and equivalent to 2.0 kg ha-1 of citric acid. The plant response to the application of citric acid was due to solubilization of less labile forms increasing the more labile forms of inorganic P in soil. The phosphorus content in the plant and those extracted by Mehlich-1 and Anion Exchange Resin were not correlated to the addition of citric acid in the Typic Hapludox soil.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarcosAFCJ.pdf: 1873191 bytes, checksum: 35fd621d2a3584a9f759dfe902f57bce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The expansion of shrimp farming has caused a series of environmental impacts, often as a result of lack of planning and adequate management. Organic aquaculture has emerged as an alternative to conventional shrimp farming, and differently, aims at the economical, ecological and farming potential of other organisms, such as fishes, oysters and seaweeds. The present study aimed at evaluating the biological diversity and abundance of the ichthyofauna associated to Litopenaeus vannamei organic culture at PRIMAR farm (Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil). The sampling period consisted of four culture cycles (1, 2, 3, and 4) accomplished in four grow-out ponds (V1, V7, V2, and V4) in 2005. The first two culture cycles were carried out during the rainy season, and the last two cycles, during the dry season. Environmental (temperature, salinity, transparency, and rainfall), biodiversity (diversity and uniformity and abundance indexes) of the ichthyofauna, and shrimp productivity data were collected throughout these four culture cycles. The results obtained for the environmental variables showed that both salinity and transparency oscillated in a significant way (p < 0.001) between culture cycles. In relation to the abundance of the ichthyofauna, fifty four species associated to the organic culture of Litopenaeus vannamei were collected and identified at PRIMAR. For the biodiversity criterion, larger species richness (S = 46) and uniformity (E = 0.59 ? 0.16) were observed during cycles 3 and 4 than in cycles 1 and 2 (S = 41 and E = 0.15 ? 0.12). A positive and significant correlation was obtained for the transparency with diversity and uniformity of fish species between cycles 1 and 2 (wet season) and cycles 3 and 4 (dry season) (p < 0.017 - Shannon Index; p < 0.008 - Pielou Index, respectively). A correlation could not be established between shrimp productivity and fish biomass. However, fish biomass decreased from cycles 1 and 2 to cycles 3 and 4, concomitant with an increase in shrimp productivity, most probably due to a higher (from 58.0% to 71.0%) shrimp survival. Regarding the culture potential of the ichthyofauna, three species (Mugil curema, Mugil liza and Chaetodipterus faber) were identified as potential farming alternatives, either singly or in consortium with Litopenaeus vannamei. A fourth species (Centropomus undecimalis) was indicated as an alternative for single culture or in consortium with other fish species. In conclusion, the large diversity of estuarine fishes associated to Litopenaeus vannamei farming observed at PRIMAR clearly indicated the ecological feasibility for organic aquaculture in northeastern Brazil / A expans?o da carcinicultura tem ocasionado uma s?rie de impactos ambientais, frequentemente, como conseq??ncia da falta de planejamento e gerenciamento adequados. A aq?icultura org?nica tem sido apontada como alternativa ? carcinicultura convencional e apresenta como diferencial, o aproveitamento do potencial econ?mico, ecol?gico e de cultivo de outros organismos, tais como peixes, ostras e macroalgas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a diversidade biol?gica e abund?ncia da ictiofauna associada ao cultivo org?nico de Litopenaeus vannamei na fazenda PRIMAR (Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil). O per?odo amostral consistiu de quatro ciclos de cultivo (1, 2, 3 e 4) realizados em quatro viveiros de engorda (V1, V7, V2 e V4) em 2005. Os dois primeiros ciclos foram realizados durante a esta??o chuvosa e os dois ?ltimos, durante a estiagem. Dados ambientais (temperatura, salinidade, transpar?ncia e precipita??o pluviom?trica), da diversidade biol?gica (?ndices de diversidade, uniformidade e abund?ncia) da ictiofauna, e da produtividade de camar?o foram coletados nesses quatro ciclos de cultivo. Os resultados obtidos para as vari?veis ambientais mostraram que a salinidade e a transpar?ncia oscilaram de forma significativa (p < 0,001) entre os ciclos de cultivo. Em rela??o ? abund?ncia da ictiofauna, foram coletadas e identificadas cinq?enta e quatro esp?cies associadas ao cultivo org?nico de Litopenaeus vannamei na PRIMAR. Foram observadas maior riqueza (S = 46) e uniformidade (E = 0,59 ? 0,16) das esp?cies de peixe durante os ciclos 3 e 4 do que nos ciclos 1 e 2 (S = 41 e E = 0,15 ? 0,12). Correla??o positiva e significativa foi obtida para o aumento da transpar?ncia com a diversidade e uniformidade das esp?cies de peixe entre os ciclos 1 e 2 (esta??o chuvosa) e 3 e 4 (esta??o seca) (p < 0,017 - ?ndice de Shannon; p < 0,008 - ?ndice de Pielou, respectivamente). N?o houve correla??o entre a produtividade de camar?o e a biomassa de peixes. No entanto, a biomassa de peixes aumentou no transcorrer dos ciclos 1 e 2 para 3 e 4, concomitante com um incremento na produtividade de camar?o, decorrente provavelmente, de uma maior sobreviv?ncia (de 58,0% para 71,0%) desse crust?ceo. Em rela??o ao potencial de cultivo da ictiofauna, tr?s esp?cies (Mugil curema, Mugil liza e Chaetodipterus faber) foram identificadas como alternativas para cultivo isolado ou em cons?rcio com Litopenaeus vannamei. Uma quarta esp?cie (Centropomus undecimalis) foi apontada como alternativa para cultivo isolado ou em cons?rcio com outras esp?cies de peixe. Em conclus?o, a rica diversidade de peixes estuarinos associada ao cultivo de Litopenaeus vannamei observada na PRIMAR indica claramente, a viabilidade ecol?gica da aq?icultura org?nica no nordeste do Brasil

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-30T22:35:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnelieseLunguinhoFigueiredo_TESE.pdf: 2224810 bytes, checksum: a3cbfc32831dba5f9b8a0085f1244167 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-01T19:31:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnelieseLunguinhoFigueiredo_TESE.pdf: 2224810 bytes, checksum: a3cbfc32831dba5f9b8a0085f1244167 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-01T19:31:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnelieseLunguinhoFigueiredo_TESE.pdf: 2224810 bytes, checksum: a3cbfc32831dba5f9b8a0085f1244167 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / As ze?litas s?o amplamente utilizadas pela ind?stria em processos de cat?lise, adsor??o, separa??o e troca i?nica. No entanto, a presen?a apenas de microporos limita a difus?o de mol?culas volumosas em seus canais, favorecendo a ocorr?ncia de rea??es indesej?veis devido ao longo tempo de resid?ncia dos reagentes e produtos ao serem transportados ao longo dos microporos das ze?litas. Com o intuito de superar este problema, foram estudados neste trabalho m?todos de s?ntese para a obten??o da ze?lita ZSM-5 nanocristalina com porosidade hier?rquica sintetizada na aus?ncia de direcionador org?nico de estrutura. Primeiramente foi realizada a s?ntese da ze?lita ZSM-5 atrav?s do m?todo assistido por sementes em um sistema ausente de direcionador org?nico, onde as amostras foram sintetizadas utilizando tr?s tipos diferentes de sementes: duas destas baseadas em solu??es aquosas claras contendo os precursores de ZSM-5 (n?o silanizada e silanizada) e a terceira semente baseada em uma ze?lita ZSM-5 comercial na forma de p?, a fim de direcionar na forma??o da estrutura MFI. O segundo m?todo empregado foi o processo de silaniza??o, utilizando como agente silanizante o fenilaminopropiltrimetoxisilano (PHAPTMS), com a finalidade de diminuir ou impedir o crescimento dos cristais ze?liticos da ZSM-5, favorecendo a obten??o de cristais com menores dimens?es. A s?ntese da ZSM-5 tamb?m foi realizada na aus?ncia de direcionador org?nico a 180?C por 27 horas ap?s a adi??o do PHAPTMS. Todas as amostras sintetizadas foram caracterizadas por diversas t?cnicas, dentre elas a Difra??o de Raios-X (DRX), Espectroscopia na regi?o do Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), adsor??o-dessor??o de Arg?nio (Ar), Microscopia Eletr?nica (SEM e TEM) e dessor??o a temperatura programada TPD-NH3. Notou-se que o uso de sementes proporciona uma maior ?rea espec?fica BET e provoca um aumento na ?rea externa, devido ? diminui??o do tamanho dos cristais. Da mesma forma para amostra funcionalizada com o agente silanizante (HZSM-5 (PHAPTMS)), que apresentou a mais, um duplo sistema de poros, o primeiro associado ? microporosidade da ze?lita ZSM-5 (0,5 - 2 nm) e o outro relacionado ? mesoporos intercristalinos (2 - 6 nm), confirmando a obten??o da ze?lita HZSM-5 hier?rquica. Todas as amostras sintetizadas apresentaram aglomerados globulares formados por pequenas nanounidades (30 - 90 nm), com morfologia e tamanho dos cristais diferentes da ze?lita HZSM-5 utilizada como refer?ncia. Os testes catal?ticos utilizando o craqueamento do polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD) e o processo de pir?lise do poli(etileno tereftalato) - PET provaram que a melhoria nas propriedades texturais das ze?litas sintetizadas ? vantajoso em tais processos, apresentando um desempenho superior quando comparado ? amostra de refer?ncia, fornecendo produtos que podem ser utilizados como mat?rias-primas na ind?stria petroqu?mica. / Zeolites are widely used by the industry in catalysis processes, adsorption, separation and ion exchange. However, the presence of only micropores limits the diffusion of bulky molecules in their channels, favoring the occurrence of adverse reactions due to long residence time of the reactants and products are transported through the micropores of the zeolite. In order to overcome this problem has been studied in this work synthesis methods for obtaining hierarchical nanocrystalline ZSM-5 zeolite synthesized in the absence of organic template. First it carried out a synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 by the seed-assisted method from an organic-templatefree system, where the samples were synthesized utilizing three different types of seeds: two of these based on aqueous clear solutions containing the ZSM-5 precursors (non-silanized and silanized) and the third seed based on a commercial ZSM-5 zeolite in powder form, in order to direct the formation of the MFI structure. The second method used was the silanization process, using as silanizante agent phenylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane (PHAPTMS), in order to lessen or prevent the growth of zeolitic crystals of ZSM-5, obtaining favoring smaller crystals. The synthesis of ZSM-5 was also performed in the absence of organic template 180?C for 27 hours after addition of PHAPTMS. All synthesized samples were characterized by several techniques, among them X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Argon adsorption-desorption, Electronic Microscopy (SEM and TEM), and Temperature Programmed Desorption of Ammonia (NH3-TPD). It was noted that the use of seeds gives a higher BET surface area and causes an increase in the external surface area outside due to the decreasing size of the crystals. Similarly for sample functionalized with silanizante agent (MFI (PHAPTMS)), which is the lowest a dual system of pores, the first associated with the microporosity of the zeolite ZSM-5 (0.5 - 2 nm) and the other related to intercrystalline mesopores (2 - 6 nm), confirming the obtaining of HZSM-5 zeolite hierarchical. All samples were synthesized globular agglomerates formed by small nanounits (30 - 90 nm) with different size and morphology of crystals of zeolite HZSM-5 used as reference. The catalytic tests using the cracking of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and pyrolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) - PET proved that the improvement in the textural properties of the synthesized zeolite is advantageous in such processes, with a better performance when compared to the reference sample, generating products which can be useful feedstocks in the petrochemical industry.