Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:44Z No. of bitstreams: 5 ale.pdf: 2255523 bytes, checksum: 7080bc1f5ac0e98cef0030c1f04a51b3 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:24:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 ale.pdf: 2255523 bytes, checksum: 7080bc1f5ac0e98cef0030c1f04a51b3 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:24:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 ale.pdf: 2255523 bytes, checksum: 7080bc1f5ac0e98cef0030c1f04a51b3 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-21 / Na atualidade, n?o se pode desconsiderar a necessidade de desenvolvimento de tecnologias que suportem as demandas por energias renov?veis. Uma das vias para a produ??o de energia renov?vel ? a transforma??o de biomassas vegetais em combust?veis l?quidos. Os res?duos agroindustriais s?o candidatos potenciais como insumos para essa nova ind?stria de energia. Dessa forma a presente disserta??o teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial da torta de caro?o de algod?o e do baga?o de malte com farinha de pupunha como mat?rias-primas para a produ??o de etanol de segunda gera??o e otimizar etapa de pr?-tratamento ?cido do material lignocelul?sico necess?ria para a utiliza??o da celulose. Inicialmente foi determinada a composi??o centesimal da torta de caro?o de algod?o e do baga?o de malte em rela??o aos valores percentuais de umidade, cinzas, extrato et?reo, prote?na bruta, a??cares sol?veis totais, amido, hemicelulose, celulose, lignina, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ?cido. Com os resultados da caracteriza??o qu?mica p?de-se estimar uma produ??o potencial superior a 300 L de etanol/tonelada de cada res?duo. Para a otimiza??o do pr?-tratamento ?cido para remo??o da fra??o hemicelul?sica foi aplicada metodologia de Planejamento Fatorial atrav?s de Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional. O programa STATISTICA Vers?o 8.0 (Statsoft Inc., Tulsa,) foi utilizado para an?lise dos dados. A qualidade do ajuste da equa??o do modelo foi expressa pelo coeficiente de determina??o (R?) e sua signific?ncia estat?stica condicionada pelo teste-F. O material insol?vel recuperado ap?s o pr?-tratamento otimizado teve as fra??es hemicelul?sicas e de amido completamente removidas. O hidrolisado obtido em condi??es otimizadas de pr?-tratamento apresentou 15,7% de a??cares redutores para o baga?o de malte e pupunha e 5,9% de a??cares redutores para a torta de caro?o de algod?o. O tratamento dos hidrolisados com carv?o ativado removeu n?o menos que 58% dos compostos fen?licos a? presentes. Os testes de fermentabilidade com Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Pichia stipitis foram promissores. A fermenta??o com S. cerevisiae apresentou um YP/S de 0,30 para a torta de caro?o de algod?o e 0,37 para o baga?o de malte. Os rendimentos fementativos com P. stipitis variaram de 9% a 25% para os res?duos agroindustriais. Os dados experimentais indicam que a torta de caro?o de algod?o (Gossypium hirsutum L.) e baga?o malte com farinha de pupunha tem elevado potencial para a produ??o de bioetanol. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT Nowadays, one cannot ignore the need for developing technologies that support the demands for renewable energy. One of the pathways for production of renewable energy is the transformation of vegetal biomass to liquid fuels. The agro-industrial residues as raw materials are potential candidates for this new energy industry. Thus the aim of the present dissertation was to evaluate the potential of cottonseed cake and crushed malt with peach palm flour as raw materials for the production of second generation ethanol and optimize step of acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic material. Initially was determined the chemical composition of cotton seed cake and crushed malt in relation to the percentages of moisture, ash, ether extract, crude protein, total soluble sugars, starch, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. With the results of chemical characterization it was possible to estimate a potential yield of more than 300L of ethanol / ton of each residue. For the optimization of acid pretreatment for hemicelluloses removal was applied a Central Composite Design. The software STATISTICA Version 8.0 (Statsoft Inc., Tulsa,) was used for data analysis. The goodness of fit of the model equation was expressed by the coefficient of determination (R?) and its statistical significance conditioned by F-test. The insoluble material recovered after the optimized pretreatment had starch and hemicellulose fractions completely removed. The hydrolyzate obtained under optimized conditions of pretreatment showed 15.7% of reducing sugars to the crushed malt and 5.9% of reducing sugars for cottonseed cake. The treatment of the hydrolysates with activated charcoal removed no less than 58% of the phenolic compounds present there. Fermentability tests with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis have been promising. Fermentation with S. cerevisiae showed a YP/S of 0.30 for cottonseed cake and 0.37 for the crushed malt. Fermentative yields with P. stipitis ranged from 9% to 25% for agro-industrial residues. The experimental data indicate that the cottonseed cake (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and crushed malt has a high potential for the production of bioethanol.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:45Z No. of bitstreams: 5 wil.pdf: 5662404 bytes, checksum: fbb7ee80707ec5b04e9341e471b178d8 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:42:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 wil.pdf: 5662404 bytes, checksum: fbb7ee80707ec5b04e9341e471b178d8 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:42:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 wil.pdf: 5662404 bytes, checksum: fbb7ee80707ec5b04e9341e471b178d8 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-20 / O Cerrado apresenta grande diversidade de esp?cies vegetais nativas, muito utilizadas na medicina popular e com pouco ou nenhum estudo cient?fico. Entre essas esp?cies, destaca-se a Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg (Myrtaceae), conhecida como ?Maria-preta?, ?Guamirim? ou ?Murta?. A medicina tradicional recomenda o uso das folhas na forma de infus?o, como antidiarreico, contra infec??es urin?rias e respirat?rias. Estudos evidenciam atividade antimicrobiana do ?leo essencial e leishmanicida do extrato etan?lico das folhas. Estudos fitoqu?micos revelaram a presen?a de compostos fen?licos no extrato e terpenos no ?leo essencial. Geralmente, a constitui??o qu?mica de ?leos essenciais oriundos de um mesmo esp?cimen vegetal e obtidos de plantas de uma mesma esp?cie pode apresentar varia??es qualitativas e quantitativas, em virtude de fatores gen?ticos, ambientais e ontog?nicos. ? importante estudar essas varia??es qu?micas, pois isso pode apresentar implica??es nas atividades biol?gicas de produtos da planta. Al?m disso, tais estudos podem servir para determina??o de marcadores qu?micos ou auxiliar no controle de qualidade do ?leo essencial. Assim, este trabalho teve como principal objetivo observar varia??es qualitativa e quantitativa na composi??o qu?mica do ?leo essencial extra?do de folhas de quatro esp?cimens (BS1, BS2, BS3 e BS4) de B. salicifolius, em tr?s per?odos do dia e nas quatro esta??es do ano. Realizou-se a coleta em habitat natural da esp?cie, na Reserva Guapuruvu da Arcelor Mittal, em Itamarandiba-MG. Procedeu-se a extra??o dos ?leos essenciais de folhas frescas atrav?s de hidrodestila??o em Aparato de Clevenger. Calculou-se o rendimento de cada amostra extra?da (v/m). Efetuou-se a an?lise qualitativa e quantitativa dos componentes dos ?leos essenciais por Cromatografia Gasosa acoplada ? Espectrometria de Massas (CG/EM) e ?ndice de Reten??o Relativa (IRR). O maior rendimento extrativo de ?leo essencial, para todos os esp?cimens, ocorreu no ver?o, e o BS4 foi o que apresentou o maior rendimento m?dio, 0,80% ? 0,12. Verificou-se a ocorr?ncia de varia??es qualitativa e quantitativa dos componentes majorit?rios das amostras analisadas. Assim, houve varia??es qu?micas entre diferentes indiv?duos da esp?cie estudada provenientes de um mesmo habitat, o que pode sugerir diferen?as gen?ticas e/ou ontog?nicas, embora a fase de desenvolvimento fosse semelhante entre os esp?cimens estudados, interferindo no metabolismo secund?rio. Constatou-se, tamb?m, a ocorr?ncia de varia??es qu?micas intraindividuais, sugerindo que as varia??es ambientais (sazonais e circadianas) interferem na composi??o qu?mica dos ?leos essenciais. No entanto, observou-se a presen?a constante, com varia??es quantitativas, de quatro terpenoides (?-pineno, trans-cariofileno, espatulenol e ?-humuleno) em todos os ?leos essenciais analisados. A quantidade de sesquiterpenos identificados sempre foi superior ? de monoterpenos, em todas as amostras. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The Cerrado comprise great diversity of native vegetal species, widely used in folk medicine although with little or no scientific study. Among these species, stands out Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg (Myrtaceae), known as ?Maria-preta?, ?Guamirim? or ?Murta?. Traditional medicine recommends the use of fresh leaves infusions as antidiarreic, against urinary and respiratory tracts infections. Some studies showed antibiotic activity of essential oil and leishmanicidal activity of ethanolic extract from leaves. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of phenolic compounds in the extract and terpenes in the essential oil. Generally, the chemical composition of essential oils from the same vegetal specimen and the same species presents quantitative and qualitative variations, due to genetic, environmental and ontogenetic reasons. It is important to study these chemical changes, because this may have implications in the biological activities of plant products. Furthermore, such studies can serve for determination of chemical markers or assist in quality control of essential oil. Thus, this study aimed to observe quantitative and qualitative variations in the chemical composition of essential oil extracted from leaves of four specimens (BS1, BS2, BS3 e BS4) of B. salicifolius, in three period of the day in the four seasons. The leaves were collected on natural habitat of the specie, in Reserva Guapuruvu, Arcelor Mittal, in Itamarandiba-MG. It was proceeded the extraction of essential oils from fresh leaves by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. It was calculated the yield of the extracted sample (v/w). The qualitative and quantitative analysis of essential oils compounds were performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and Relative Retention Index (RRI). The higher yield of essential oil extraction, for all specimens, occurred in the summer and BS4 was presented the highest yield, 0.80% ? 0.12. There was the occurrence of qualitative and quantitative variations of the major components of the samples. Thus, there were chemical variations between different individuals of the species studied from the same habitat, which may suggest genetic differences and/or ontogeny, although the stage of development was similar among the specimens studied by interfering with secondary metabolism. It was found, also, the occurrence of chemical intraindividual variations, suggesting that environmental variations (seasonal and circadian) interfere with the chemical composition of essential oils. However, there was a constant presence, with quantitative variations in all four terpen?ides (?-pinene, trans-caryophyllene, ?-humulene and spathulenol) in essential oils analyzed. The amount of sesquiterpenes identified was always higher than that of monoterpenes in all samples.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:03:29Z No. of bitstreams: 5 mercia.pdf: 7178804 bytes, checksum: 598f3cf54883c3dd3c56edfbb1797bca (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T10:47:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 mercia.pdf: 7178804 bytes, checksum: 598f3cf54883c3dd3c56edfbb1797bca (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T10:47:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 mercia.pdf: 7178804 bytes, checksum: 598f3cf54883c3dd3c56edfbb1797bca (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-21 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob (Asteraceae) ? uma esp?cie de Asteraceae conhecida popularmente como arnica-do-mato, arnica-do-campo ou simplesmente arnica. E utilizada na medicina popular contra machucados e dores no corpo, porem a literatura carece de informa??es cient?ficas, encontrando-se apenas um artigo sobre estudo fitoqu?mico. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o estudo de P. brasiliensis, esse trabalho relata o estudo fitoqu?mico e ensaios biol?gicos que investigaram a atividade antiinflamat?ria e antioxidante de extratos das folhas da planta. As folhas foram coletadas na cidade de Diamantina, no Campus JK da UFVJM. Uma parte das folhas ainda frescas foi utilizada para extra??o de ?leo essencial, e outra parte do material vegetal foi seco e submetido ? extra??o com solventes de diferentes polaridades ? hexano, acetato de etila, etanol e ?gua ? obtendo-se quatro extratos. Os constituintes do ?leo essencial foram identificados por CG-EM, encontrando-se 25 terpenos, sendo os majorit?rios os monoterpenos ?-tujeno (17,21%) e ?-pineno (32,61%). Os extratos foram submetidos a t?cnicas cromatogr?ficas cl?ssicas e suas fra??es foram analisadas por CG-EM, IV, RMN de 1H e 13C, identificando-se o diterpeno acido cauren?ico; os triterpenos ?-amirina, acetato de ?-amirina, ?-amirina, acetato de ?-amirina, lupeol, acetato de lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, taraxasterol; e possivelmente uma lactona sesquiterp?nica. Em ensaios de triagem fitoqu?mica realizados com os extratos, foram detectadas as classes de metab?litos secund?rios: cumarinas, flavon?ides, taninos condens?veis, antocianinas, antraquinonas, saponinas, compostos redutores e triterpenos/ester?ides. A esp?cie apresentou um potencial antiinflamat?rio, uma vez que os extratos aquoso e etan?lico modularam a produ??o da citocina IFN-?, envolvida diretamente na inicializa??o e amplifica??o da resposta inflamat?ria. Os extratos apresentaram baixo potencial antioxidante, nas concentra??es avaliadas e nos ensaios de atividade de retirada de radical, e de poder de redu??o do ?on met?lico Fe3+, apesar dos extratos aquoso e etan?lico possu?rem compostos fen?licos. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho foi uma contribui??o para o estudo fitoqu?mico e de atividades biol?gicas desta planta. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob (Asteraceae) is a species of Asteraceae popularly known as arnica-do-mato, arnica-do-campo or arnica simply. It is used in folk medicine against wounds and body aches, but there lack of scientific literature and found only one article on phytochemical study. Aiming to contribute to the study of P. brasiliensis, this work reports the phytochemical and biological tests that investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of extracts of the leaves. The leaves were collected in the city of Diamantina, in the Campus JK of UFVJM. Part of the leaves still fresh, were used for extraction of essential oil, and another part of the plant material was dried and subjected to extraction with solvents of different polarities - hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water - resulting in four extracts. The constituents of the essential oil were identified by GC-MS and was found 25 terpenes, of which the major was the monoterpenes ?-thujene (17.21%) and ?-pinene (32.61%). The extracts were subjected to classical chromatographic techniques and their fractions were analyzed by GC-MS, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, identifying the diterpene kaurenoic acid, triterpenes ?-amyrin acetate, ?-amyrin, ?-amyrin, ?-amyrin acetate, lupeol acetate, lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, taraxasterol, and possibly a sesquiterpene lactone. In tests conducted with phytochemical extracts were detected classes of secondary metabolites, coumarins, flavonoids, condensed tannins, anthocyanins, anthraquinones, saponins, reducing compounds and triterpenes/steroids. The species had an anti-inflammatory potential, because the aqueous and ethanol extracts modulate the production of the cytokine IFN-?, directly involved in the startup and amplification of the inflammatory response. The extracts showed lower antioxidant potential, and concentrations evaluated in the trials of withdrawal of radical activity, and power reduction of Fe3+ metal ion, despite the aqueous and ethanol extracts possess phenolic compounds. Thus, the present work was a contribution to the study phytochemical and biological activities of this plant.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:45Z No. of bitstreams: 5 hil.pdf: 1837336 bytes, checksum: 915b40a5d9c4387507e76471c6ae2ca7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T11:01:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 hil.pdf: 1837336 bytes, checksum: 915b40a5d9c4387507e76471c6ae2ca7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T11:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 hil.pdf: 1837336 bytes, checksum: 915b40a5d9c4387507e76471c6ae2ca7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-20 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Para a manuten??o das pr?ticas econ?micas e s?cio-culturais constru?das sobre a explora??o e transforma??o do petr?leo, faz-se necess?rio criar alternativas que n?o rompam de forma estanque com as pr?ticas industriais hoje vigentes. Nesse contexto, o uso de biomassas para a produ??o de combust?veis l?quidos que alimentem motores ? combust?o permite sustentar pr?ticas antigas com novos benef?cios. Dessa forma, a presente disserta??o teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial da torta de maca?ba, um coproduto da ind?stria de ?leos vegetais, como insumo para produ??o de bioetanol. Tal objetivo foi trabalhado atrav?s de estudos de sacarifica??o da torta de maca?ba com posterior processo fermentativo. A biomassa em quest?o foi caracterizada quimicamente, o que indicou a presen?a de aproximadamente 50% de carboidratos, distribu?dos em, 23,16 ? 0,95 % de amido, 11,49 ? 1,08% de celulose, 9,6 ? 0,79% de hemicelulose e 11,48 ? 0,62 % de a??cares sol?veis. Para a primeira interven??o da despolimeriza??o dos polissacar?deos presentes na torta de maca?ba foi realizado um planejamento experimental fatorial 25-1 com 5 fatores e 4 pontos centrais com as seguintes vari?veis: concentra??o de ?cido sulf?rico, tempo de pr?-tratamento ?cido, raz?o s?lido/l?quido, concentra??o de amiloglicosidase e concentra??o de celulase. Na sequ?ncia, o processo de sacarifica??o foi otimizado com o uso de delineamento composto central rotacional 23, com 3 fatores, 4 pontos centrais e 6 pontos axiais, onde foram avaliadas as concentra??es de ?cido sulf?rico, amiloglicosidase e celulase. Um hidrolisado obtido em condi??o otimizada com 92% de efici?ncia foi submetido ? destoxifica??o com carv?o ativado e, em seguida, foram realizados ensaios de fermentabilidade conduzidos como as leveduras Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Pichia stipitis. A levedura S. cerevisiae se mostrou resistente ao hidrolisado n?o destoxificado, apresentando YP/S de 0,49. P. stipitis mostrou-se suscept?vel ao meio n?o destoxificado, mas foi capaz de converter 99% dos a??cares redutores presentes no meio destoxificado. A torta de maca?ba apresentou potencial consider?vel para produ??o de bioetanol. A partir dos dados de bancada ? poss?vel estimar uma produ??o de 104l de etanol por tonelada de torta de maca?ba. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT For the maintenance of economic and socio-cultural practices built on the exploitation and processing of oil it is necessary to create alternatives that do not break so tight with current industrial practices. In this context, the use of biomass to produce liquid fuels that are fed into to combustion engines allows to sustain old practices with new benefits. Thus, this dissertation aimed to evaluate the potential of macaw palm coconut cake, a co-product of vegetable oil industry, as an input for bioethanol production. This goal was worked out through studies of the process of saccharification of macaw palm coconut cake with subsequent fermentation. The biomass in question was characterized chemically, what indicated the presence of approximately 50% of carbohydrates, among which, 23,16 ? 0,95% of starch, 11,49 ? 1,08% of cellulose, 9,6 ? 0,79% of hemicellulose and 11,48 ? 0,62% of soluble sugars. For the first intervention of deconstruction of the polysaccharides present in the macauba cake it was held a 25-1 factorial experimental design with five factors and four central points with the following variables: concentration of sulfuric acid, time of acid pretreatment, solid / liquid ratio, amyloglucosidase and cellulose concentrations. Following, the saccharification process was optimized using central composite rotational design 23, with three factors, four central points and six axial points, whereas the concentrations of sulfuric acid, cellulose and amyloglucosidase were evaluated. A hydrolyzed obtained in optimum condition with 92% efficiency was subjected to detoxification with activated charcoal and then, fermentability assays were carried out with yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis. The yeast S. cerevisiae has proved resilient to the non-detoxified hydrolyzate and presented YP/S of 0.49. P. stipitis was found to be susceptible to the non-detoxified medium, but it was able to convert 99% of reducing sugars present in the detoxified medium. The macaw palm coconut cake showed considerable potential for bioethanol production. From the lab bench data it is possible to estimate a production of 104 l of ethanol per ton of macaw palm coconut cake.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:46Z No. of bitstreams: 5 tel.pdf: 9429138 bytes, checksum: 55c9c9a1eb3f75db9e65b286cec95dda (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T11:03:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 tel.pdf: 9429138 bytes, checksum: 55c9c9a1eb3f75db9e65b286cec95dda (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T11:03:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 tel.pdf: 9429138 bytes, checksum: 55c9c9a1eb3f75db9e65b286cec95dda (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-20 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A hidrazina ? uma subst?ncia utilizada como inibidora de corros?o, antioxidante, catalisador, emulsificante, agente redutor, combust?vel para propuls?o de foguete, inseticidas, e na prepara??o de diversos derivados farmac?uticos. Por?m, a hidrazina ? um material t?xico, sendo, portanto, necess?rio um m?todo sens?vel para a sua determina??o. Neste trabalho um sensor foi desenvolvido para determina??o de hidrazina mediante modifica??o de um eletrodo de carbono v?treo com ftalocianina de cobalto adsorvido em nanotubos de carbono de paredes m?ltiplas. A caracteriza??o eletroqu?mica e de superf?cie foi feita por voltametria c?clica, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura, FT-IR e Espectroscopia de Energia dispersiva de Raios-X. Os estudos de superf?cie deixaram evidente que os NTCPM e a CoPc formam um material comp?sito. Os estudos eletroqu?micos mostraram a ocorr?ncia de processos redox de superf?cie e ainda h? ind?cios de uma limita??o da transfer?ncia de carga. O n?mero de el?trons para a rea??o de oxida??o de hidrazina bem como a constante de velocidade heterog?nea foram estimados a partir dos coeficientes linear e angular das curvas de Koutecky-Levich sendo, respectivamente, 4,1 e 1,51 x 103 M-1s-1. Os par?metros operacionais de tr?s t?cnicas eletroanal?ticas (Amperometria, VPD e VOQ) foram otimizados em rela??o ? determina??o de hidrazina com o uso do ECV/NTCPM/CoPc, sendo que a VOQ apresentou maior sensibilidade, tendo sido, portanto, escolhida para a determina??o da hidrazina em ?gua de caldeira. Uma curva anal?tica final para a determina??o de hidrazina em amostra da ?gua de caldeira foi feita utilizando-se eletrodos impressos, sob condi??es experimentais otimizadas, apresentando resposta linear no intervalo de concentra??o de 99 a 7630 ?mol L-1, com R igual a 0,999. Foram obtidos valores de LD e LQ iguais a 50 e a 99 ?mol L-1, respectivamente. O sensor permitiu uma boa recupera??o para a hidrazina nas amostras de ?guas de caldeiras analisadas, com valores de recupera??o compreendidos entre 98,41 e 103,62%, atestando a exatid?o do m?todo proposto. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Hydrazine is used as a corrosion inhibitor, antioxidant, catalyst, emulsifier, reducing agents, fuel for rocket propulsion, insecticides, and pharmaceutical preparation of various derivatives. However, the hydrazine is a toxic material and therefore requires a sensitive method for its determination. In this paper a sensor was developed for determination of hydrazine by modifying a glassy carbon electrode with cobalt phthalocyanine adsorbed on mutiwalled carbon nanotubes. The surface and electrochemical characterization was carried out by cyclic voltametry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy X-ray. Surface studies shows that NTCPM and CoPc are a composite material. Electrochemical studies have shown the occurrence of redox processes of surface and also an indication of a limited transfer of load transfer. The number of electrons for the reaction of oxidation of hydrazine and the observed average rate constant of the process were estimated from the coefficients of linear and angular curves Koutecky-Levich being, respectively, 4,1 and 1,51 x 103 M-1s-1. The operational parameters of three electroanalytical techniques (amperometry, VOQ and VPD) were optimized for the determination of hydrazine with the use of ECV / NTCPM / CoPc, although the VOQ showed greater sensitivity and was therefore chosen for the determination of hydrazine in boiler water. A final analytical curve for the determination of hydrazine in boiler water sample was made using electrodes printed under optimized experimental conditions, with linear response over the concentration range of 99 mmol L-1 to 7630 ?mol L-1, with R equal to 0.999. We obtained values ??of LOD and LOQ equal to 50 and 99 ?mol L-1, respectively. The sensor allowed a good recovery for hydrazine in boiler water samples analyzed, with recovery values ??ranging between 98.41 and 103.62%, attesting to the accuracy of the proposed method.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-19T13:34:46Z No. of bitstreams: 5 vin.pdf: 2622756 bytes, checksum: 227e0c0c8c2f323aee0f3cf8565b6072 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-20T11:16:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 vin.pdf: 2622756 bytes, checksum: 227e0c0c8c2f323aee0f3cf8565b6072 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-20T11:16:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 vin.pdf: 2622756 bytes, checksum: 227e0c0c8c2f323aee0f3cf8565b6072 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2110 bytes, checksum: b4c884761e4c6c296ab2179d378436d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Esp?cies do g?nero Byrsonima s?o conhecidas popularmente como ?muricis? e h? relatos na literatura de muitos usos medicinais dessas plantas, alguns deles j? comprovados, como atividade anti-inflamat?ria, antimicrobiana e antioxidante. Este trabalho objetivou analisar fitoquimicamente a esp?cie Byrsonima coccolobifolia Kunth e fazer um estudo de atividade biol?gica nos extratos de B. coccolobifolia, B. verbascifolia e B. intermedia, investigando a atividade antioxidante, a a??o inibit?ria da acetilcolinesterase e atividade antimicrobiana nessas esp?cies. As partes a?reas das plantas foram coletadas no Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG e secas a temperatura ambiente. Folhas e galhos foram separados, pulverizados e submetidos ? extra??o exaustiva com solventes de polaridade crescente (hexano, acetato de etila e metanol), que foram removidos por evaporador rotat?rio. Os extratos em hexano e em acetato de etila de B. coccolobifolia foram submetidos a m?todos cromatogr?ficos cl?ssicos e, atrav?s de t?cnicas espectrosc?picas (IV e RMN de 1H e 13C), foi poss?vel elucidar nos extratos das folhas as seguintes subst?ncias: friedelina, ?-sitosterol, mistura de ?-amirina e ?-amirina e derivados do ?cido olean?lico e urs?lico. Na identifica??o dos compostos presentes no extrato metan?lico de folhas e galhos de B. coccolobifolia, utilizou-se a t?cnica de espectrometria de massas por electrospray (ESI-MS), por inser??o direta dos extratos dissolvidos em metanol. Identificaram-se tr?s classes de metab?litos no extrato metan?lico: ?cidos fen?licos e derivados (galato de metila, ?cido qu?nico, ?cidos mono-, di-, tri- e tetragaloilqu?nico), proantocianidinas (d?mero e tr?mero epicatequina) e flavon?ides (quercetina e derivados glicosilados). As esp?cies B. coccolobifolia e B. intermedia apresentaram os melhores resultados para conte?do fen?lico e para atividade antioxidante de captura de radical e de poder redutor. Isso mostrou o potencial dos extratos polares dessas plantas como recurso para a busca de subst?ncias ?teis na preven??o ou no tratamento de doen?as associadas a radicais livres. No que diz respeito ? atividade inibit?ria da acetilcolinesterase (AChE), tamb?m investigada nas tr?s esp?cies de Byrsonima, o extrato hex?nico dessas plantas apresentou maior quantidade de compostos ativos frente a enzima AChE. E somente a esp?cie B. coccolobifolia apresentou atividade contra os microrganismos testados (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli e Candida albicans). Sendo assim, o presente trabalho mostrou a import?ncia de continuar estudando a flora do cerrado brasileiro e as esp?cies do g?nero Byrsonima, sejam seus aspectos qu?micos ou medicinais. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Byrsonima species are popularly known as "murici" and there are reports in previous work of many medicinal uses of these plants, some of them already confirmed as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to analyze phytochemically Byrsonima coccolobifolia Kunth and to make a study of biological activity in extracts of B. coccolobifolia, B. verbascifolia and B. intermedia, investigating the antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory action and antimicrobial activity in these species. The aerial parts of plants were collected in Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and dried at room temperature. Leaves and branches were separated, powdered and subjected to exhaustive extraction with solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol), that were removed by rotary evaporator. The extracts in hexane and ethyl acetate of B. coccolobifolia were submitted at classical chromatographic methods and, by spectroscopic methods (IR and 1H and 13C NMR), it was possible to elucidate the following substances in leaves extracts: friedelin, ?-sitosterol, a mixture of ?-amyrin and ?-amyrin and oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives. In the identification of compounds in methanol extracts of leaves and branches of B. coccolobifolia was used mass spectrometry with electrospray (ESI-MS) by direct infusion of the extracts dissolved in methanol. Three classes of metabolites were identified in methanol extracts: phenolic acids and derivatives (methyl gallate, quinic acid, mono-, di-, tri- and tetragalloylquinic acids), proanthocyanidins (epicatechin dimer and trimer) and flavonoids (quercetin and glycosides derivatives). The species B. coccolobifolia and B. intermedia showed better results for phenolic content and antioxidant activity of radical scavenging and reducing power. This showed the potential of polar extracts of these plants as a resource to search for substances useful in preventing or treating diseases associated with free radicals. Concerning the inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), also investigated in three Byrsonima species, hexane extract of these plants had higher amounts of active compounds against AChE. And only B. coccolobifolia revealed activity against the microorganisms tested (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans). Thus, this investigation supported the importance of further studying the flora of Brazilian cerrado and the species of the genus Byrsonima, in their chemical or medicinal aspects.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:31Z No. of bitstreams: 5 18.pdf: 362434 bytes, checksum: f11f72011a962c34a46e810093d47203 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20626 bytes, checksum: 7851d446050a985bd0603b7c4cee472d (MD5) license_rdf: 19710 bytes, checksum: aa65da15f424ff71c620a992a187295c (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T16:20:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 18.pdf: 362434 bytes, checksum: f11f72011a962c34a46e810093d47203 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20626 bytes, checksum: 7851d446050a985bd0603b7c4cee472d (MD5) license_rdf: 19710 bytes, checksum: aa65da15f424ff71c620a992a187295c (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T16:20:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 18.pdf: 362434 bytes, checksum: f11f72011a962c34a46e810093d47203 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20626 bytes, checksum: 7851d446050a985bd0603b7c4cee472d (MD5) license_rdf: 19710 bytes, checksum: aa65da15f424ff71c620a992a187295c (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / A cria??o de animais em regime de confinamento, na regi?o do Alto Vale Jequitinhonha-MG, depara-se com condi??es t?rmicas ambientais altamente favor?veis e a suinocultura apresenta-se como uma atividade promissora, principalmente no ?mbito da agricultura familiar, modalidade bastante compat?vel com a realidade dessa regi?o. Nesse contexto, ? importante considerar que embora tenha import?ncia social e econ?mica para o Brasil, nos ?ltimos anos, a suinocultura vem sofrendo severas cr?ticas em virtude da polui??o, sobretudo h?drica, constatada nas regi?es de maior concentra??o animal, colocando sob questionamento o modelo produtivo atualmente adotado. Contudo, observa-se interesse crescente pela ado??o de sistemas alternativos de cria??o de su?nos, entre eles, a cria??o em cama sobreposta que reduz os riscos de contamina??o ambiental pela convers?o do manejo dos dejetos da fase l?quida para a s?lida, al?m da possibilidade de utiliza??o do material org?nico resultante dessa pr?tica como fertilizante. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: (a) fazer a caracteriza??o f?sica e qu?mica da cama sobreposta de su?no como adubo org?nico, levando em conta a legisla??o brasileira vigente quanto ?s exig?ncias para a destina??o de compostos org?nicos; e (b) avaliar os efeitos da aplica??o da cama sobreposta de su?no nos atributos qu?micos de um Neossolo Quartzar?nico e na produ??o de massa seca e ac?mulo de nutrientes em plantas de milho. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir: (1) h? necessidade de um per?odo de matura??o, sem a presen?a dos animais, antes que a cama sobreposta seja utilizada como adubo org?nico; (2) os par?metros da cama sobreposta avaliados neste estudo se enquadram na legisla??o brasileira como fertilizantes org?nicos simples; (3) embora tenha proporcionado incrementos na produ??o de massa seca do milho, os efeitos da aduba??o org?nica com cama sobreposta foram muito mais relevantes em promover melhorias nas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas do solo do que em fornecer nutrientes ao milho; (4) ainda s?o escassas as informa??es sobre o uso de cama sobreposta como fertilizante org?nico; e (5) um aspecto interessante a se avaliar em estudos futuros envolve, principalmente, a mineraliza??o do nitrog?nio de diferentes tipos de cama, bem como de camas submetidas a diferentes tempos de perman?ncia no sistema de cria??o, a fim de que seja poss?vel estabelecer o potencial fertilizante nitrogenado desse composto e recomendar doses desse fertilizante ?s culturas comerciais. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The animal creating in confinement, in the region Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha-MG, encounter environmental thermal conditions highly favorable and the swine production is shown as a promising activity, especially within the farming family, which is a mode for quite compatible with the reality of this region. In this context, it?s important to consider that although has great social and economical relevance for Brazil, in recent years, the swine production industry has been severely criticized due to pollution, mainly in water, that has been noticed in regions where swine production is concentrated. This fact puts in question the current production model. But there is a growing interest in adopting the deep-litter production system, which reduces the risk of environmental contamination by converting the waste handling of the liquid to solid, beyond the possibility of use of organic material resulting from this practice as fertilizer. The objectives of this study were: (a) evaluating performing the physical and chemical characterization of deep-litter for use as an organic fertilizer, taking into account the current legislation for organic compounds and; (b) evaluate the effects of application on physical and chemical properties of a Typic Quartzipsamment, and on nutrient accumulation and dry matter yield of maize plants. By the results obtained, we can conclude: (1) there is a need for additional composting, without the presence of animals, previous to the deep-litter be used as organic fertilizer; (2) the parameters of deep-litter evaluated, in this study, fall within the Brazilian legislation as simple organic fertilizers; (3) although, has provided increases in dry matter of maize, the effects of organic manure with deep-litter were much more pronounced in providing improvements in physical and chemical properties of soil to provide nutrients such as corn and; (4) the information about the use of deep-litter as fertilizer are scarce and; (5) an interesting aspect to assess in future studies, involving mainly the nitrogen mineralization of different types of deep-litter and your residence times in the swine production, in order to be able to establish the potencial fertilizer this compound and to recommend doses of fertilizer to crops.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:32Z No. of bitstreams: 5 23.pdf: 968729 bytes, checksum: 708a2fc2af8284a6b22a75db644cadea (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T16:52:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 23.pdf: 968729 bytes, checksum: 708a2fc2af8284a6b22a75db644cadea (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T16:52:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 23.pdf: 968729 bytes, checksum: 708a2fc2af8284a6b22a75db644cadea (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A distribui??o como biofertilizantes ? uma alternativa vi?vel para a destina??o dos dejetos produzidos na suinocultura, j? que eles possuem nutrientes tais como f?sforo, nitrog?nio, entre outros. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos de dejetos l?quidos de su?nos (DLS), tratados em sistema de lagoas em s?rie e avaliar as altera??es nos atributos microbiol?gicos de um solo cultivado com caf? ap?s aplica??o de diferentes doses de DLS. O estudo foi conduzido na Granja Campo Alegre e na Fazenda Yamaguchi, no Munic?pio de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Os DLS foram coletados em v?rios pontos: sa?da das instala??es, sa?da da lagoa anaer?bia, sa?da da primeira lagoa facultativa e sa?da da segunda lagoa facultativa, sendo analisados: Demanda Qu?mica de Oxig?nio (DQOt), Demanda Bioqu?mica de Oxig?nio (DBO5), Concentra??o de S?lidos Totais (ST), Nitrog?nio Total (N-Total), F?sforo, Pot?ssio, Zinco e Cobre. Ap?s an?lise, os dejetos foram aplicados em um cafeeiro, em experimento, constitu?do por cinco tratamentos com cinco repeti??es. As amostras de solo foram coletadas, na camada de 0-10 cm, de profundidade. Foram avaliados a respira??o basal, o carbono da biomassa microbiana e determinado o quociente metab?lico. Os resultados permitiram constatar que o sistema de lagoas de estabiliza??o em s?rie apresenta 88% de efici?ncia na remo??o de DQOt e 91% na remo??o de DBO5. As fra??es de s?lidos apresentaram comportamento semelhante e a efici?ncia de remo??o de N-Total correspondeu a 24,2%. O uso de dejetos l?quidos de su?nos no solo, antes e 30 dias ap?s sua aplica??o, aumentou a biomassa microbiana do solo e a atividade microbiana. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o sistema de lagoas de estabiliza??o em s?rie demonstra ser eficiente na remo??o do excesso de nutrientes. Ressalte-se que o tratamento demonstrou caracter?sticas favor?veis ao reaproveitamento dos dejetos como biofertilizante. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The distribution in biofertilizer form is a feasible alternative for disposal of waste produced by pigs, since they have nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, among others. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the physical and chemical parameters of pig slurry (DLS), treated in a system of ponds in series and evaluate the changes in the microbial soil of a coffee plantation after applying different doses of pig slurry. The study was conducted in the Campo Alegre Farm and Ranch Yamaguchi in the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais. The DLS were collected at various points: exit of the facilities, exit of the anaerobic pond, exit of the first facultative pond, exit of the second facultative pond, and analyzed: Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQOt), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) concentration Total Solids (DS), Total Nitrogen (Total-N), Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc, and Copper. After analysis, the pig manure were applied in a coffee plantation, in an experiment consisting of five treatments with five replications. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth. It was evaluated the basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon and metabolic quotient determined. The results show that the system of stabilization ponds in series features 88% efficiency in removing DQOt and 91% for BOD5 removal. The fractions of solids showed similar behavior and t removal efficiency of Total-N accounted for 24.2%. Use of pig slurry in soil, before and 30 days after application, amplified the soil microbial biomass and microbial activity. The results showed that the system of stabilization ponds in series proves to be effective in removing excess nutrients. It is noteworthy that treatment showed favorable characteristics for reuse of wastes as biofertilizers.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 53.pdf: 1117552 bytes, checksum: 395c167eeb020b0e41952ad47110078c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:23:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 53.pdf: 1117552 bytes, checksum: 395c167eeb020b0e41952ad47110078c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:23:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 53.pdf: 1117552 bytes, checksum: 395c167eeb020b0e41952ad47110078c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / A cafeicultura a partir dos anos 80 expandiu-se para solos muito intemperizados e pobres em nutrientes, o que requer aplica??o de elevadas quantidades de fertilizantes, principalmente os fosfatados, al?m disso, passou a ser necess?rio se adicionar micronutrientes. Existem compostos hidrossol?veis como o ?cido c?trico, que s?o capazes de formar complexos com Cu, Fe, Zn e Mn e favorecer sua difus?o no solo, solubilizar fosfatos de Fe e Al de baixa solubilidade em solos ?cidos pobres em P, aumentando a disponibilidade de P pelo bloqueio dos s?tios de adsor??o. Diante do intemperismo em solo de cafeeiro e da a??o positiva do ?cido c?trico na libera??o de nutrientes no mesmo, faz-se necess?rio conhecer os reais efeitos desse ?cido org?nico em cafeeiros jovens e em produ??o. Para isso, foram realizados tr?s experimentos visando avaliar o crescimento, estado nutricional e produtividade do cafeeiro, em tr?s est?dios de desenvolvimento da planta. O primeiro experimento, visando avaliar o crescimento, qualidade e o teor nutricional de mudas de caf? cultivar Catua? Vermelho IAC 99 submetidas ? aplica??o de ?cido c?trico e concentra??es de f?sforo no substrato, utilizou-se do esquema fatorial (4x4), sendo o primeiro fator referente ? aplica??o de ?cido c?trico (0, 1, 2 e 4 kg ha-1) e o segundo referente ?s doses de f?sforo (0, 450, 900 e 1800 g P2O5 m-3) aplicadas no substrato. A aplica??o de 1 a 2 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico foi a que mais influenciou positivamente o crescimento e a qualidade das mudas sobre a dose de f?sforo padr?o de 900 g P2O5 m-3 no substrato. Houve aumento nos teores foliares de Ca, N, P, S, Cu, Fe e Zn nas doses de 1,6 a 4,0 kg ha-1de ?cido c?trico na aus?ncia de f?sforo. No segundo experimento, realizado em casa de vegeta??o, foram tratadas com quatro doses de ?cido c?trico (0, 1, 2 e 4 kg ha-1) na presen?a e aus?ncia de aduba??o fosfatada de plantio de cafeeiros da cultivar Catua? Vermelho IAC 99. As doses entre 1,0 a 2,0 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico contribuem para o crescimento de cafeeiros at? 75 dias ap?s aplica??o (DAA) sem o uso de aduba??o fosfatada na cova. Na presen?a de aduba??o fosfatada de plantio as dosagens de ?cido c?trico utilizadas n?o contribuem para o crescimento e melhoria das plantas. A aplica??o de ?cido c?trico influencia nos teores foliares do cafeeiro independentemente da aduba??o fosfatada no plantio. O terceiro experimento foi conduzido em campo utilizando-se a cultivar Catua? Vermelho IAC 44 com sete anos, implantada no espa?amento 3,8 x 0,7m. Os tratamentos constitu?ram-se de quatro doses de ?cido c?trico (0, 1, 2 e 4 kg ha-1) aplicados em dose ?nica anualmente na proje??o da saia. A produ??o de caf? foi influenciada positivamente quando se adicionou 1,2 e 2,4 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico para 90% da m?xima e a m?xima produ??o, com incrementos de 14,5 e 27,2% em produtividades, respectivamente. A aplica??o do produto no solo aumentou a absor??o de P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, refletindo em maiores teores foliares destes nutrientes. As faixas cr?ticas dos nutrientes nas folhas em fun??o das doses aplicadas de ?cido c?trico, sendo estas: 0,14-0,15 dag kg-1 para P; 3,12-3,21dag kg-1 para K; 1,14-1,18 dag kg-1 para Ca; 0,16-0,18 dag kg-1 para Mg; 0,27-0,23 dag kg-1 para S; 61,8-57,4 mg kg-1 para B; 48,1-55,8 mg kg-1 para Cu; 86,3-91,6 mg kg-1 para Fe; 87,8-93,6 mg kg-1 para Mn; 49,1-60,0 mg kg-1 para Zn. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The coffee from the 80 expanded to highly weathered soils and nutrient-poor, which requires application of high amounts of fertilizers, especially phosphorus, in addition, it has become necessary to add micronutrients. There are water soluble compounds such as citric acid, which are capable of forming complexes with Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn and encourage its distribution in the soil, solubilizing iron and aluminum phosphates of low solubility in acidic soils of poor P, increasing the availability of P blocking of the adsorption sites. Before the weathering in the soil of coffee and the positive action of citric acid in the release of nutrients in it, it is necessary to know the real effects of this organic acid in young and coffee production. For this, experiments were carried out to evaluate the growth, nutritional status and productivity of coffee plants, three stages of plant development. The first experiment to evaluate the growth, quality and nutritional content of seedlings of Catua? Vermelho (IAC-99) submitted the application of citric acid and phosphorus concentrations in the substrate, it was used the factorial scheme (4x4), the first factor related the application of citric acid (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) and the second referring to the phosphorus levels (0, 450, 900 and 1800 g m-3 P2O5) applied on the substrate. The application 1-2 kg ha-1 of citric acid was the most positively influenced the growth and the quality of seedlings on the phosphorus pattern P2O5 900 g m-3 to the substrate. There was an increase in leaf Ca, N, P, S, Cu, Fe and Zn in doses from 1.6 to 4.0 kg ha-1 from citric acid in the absence of phosphorus. In the second experiment conducted under greenhouse conditions, were treated with four doses of citric acid (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) in the presence and absence of phosphate fertilizers planting of coffee trees, IAC 99. Doses from 1.0 to 2.0 kg ha-1 of citric acid contribute to the growth of trees up to 75th days after application (DAA) without the use of phosphate fertilizer in the hole. In the presence of phosphate fertilizers planting dosage of citric acid used does not contribute to the growth and improvement of plants. The application of citric acid influence on foliar coffee regardless of phosphorus fertilization. The third experiment was conducted in the field using the IAC 44 with seven years, implemented in 3.8 x 0.7 m spacing. The treatments consisted of four doses of citric acid (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) applied in a single dose under side of the plant. Coffee production was positively affected when added 1.2 and 2.4 kg ha-1 of citric acid for 90% of the maximum and the maximum yield, with increases of 14.5 and 27.2% yields, respectively. The application of the product in the soil increased the uptake of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, reflecting higher levels of foliar nutrients. The critical ranges of nutrients in the leaves as a function of the applied doses of citric acid, which are: 0.14 to 0.15 dag kg-1 for P, 3.12 to 3.21 dag kg-1 for K, 1.14 - 1.18 dag kg-1 for Ca, 0.16 to 0.18 dag kg-1 for Mg, 0.27 to 0.23 dag kg-1 for S, 61.8 to 57.4 mg kg-1 for B, 48.1 to 55.8 mg kg-1 for Cu, 86.3 to 91.6 mg kg-1 for Fe, 87.8 to 93.6 mg kg-1 for Mn, 49.1 to 60, 0 mg kg-1 for Zn.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:37Z No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 58.pdf: 746870 bytes, checksum: a321db5fb286c277e81d8737f1744991 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:33:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 58.pdf: 746870 bytes, checksum: a321db5fb286c277e81d8737f1744991 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:33:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 58.pdf: 746870 bytes, checksum: a321db5fb286c277e81d8737f1744991 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplica??o de glicerina proveniente da transesterifica??o de triglicer?deos de ?leo vegetal por catalisador b?sico KOH como fonte de pot?ssio (?glicerina pot?ssica?), na produtividade e na nutri??o da soja e atributos qu?micos e microbiol?gicos do solo. Foram realizados quatro experimentos, sendo dois em condi??es de campo, em Diamantina e Curvelo no estado de Minas Gerais em dois tipos de solo: Neossolo Quartzar?nico ?rtico t?pico (NQ) e Latossolo Vermelho distr?fico (LVd), respectivamente; e os outros dois experimentos em casa de vegeta??o em Diamantina, com os mesmos dois solos. Os tratamentos foram tr?s doses de ?glicerina pot?ssica? correspondentes 50, 100 e 200 % da dose recomendada de K para a soja e 100 % da dose recomendada de K na forma de cloreto de pot?ssio (KCl) e sulfato de pot?ssio (K2SO4) e um tratamento sem aplica??o de K (Controle). Realizou-se a an?lise qu?mica do solo (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, H + Al, CO e SO4-2) na colheita da soja e microbiol?gica (respira??o microbiana basal (RB), carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) e quociente metab?lico (qCO2)) do solo no in?cio da emerg?ncia das sementes e colheita da soja e os teores foliares dos nutrientes no florescimento da soja nos quatro experimentos, a produtividade da soja nos experimentos de campo e a produ??o por vaso e mat?ria seca nos experimentos na casa de vegeta??o. A produtividade no experimento de campo apresentou diferen?a apenas no NQ, devido ao teor baixo de K no in?cio do per?odo experimental, diferentemente do LVd que apresentava teor m?dio, enquanto no experimento na casa de vegeta??o a ?glicerina pot?ssica? promoveu produ??o de gr?os igual ao do KCl, por?m abaixo de K2SO4 e n?o proporcionou aumento na mat?ria seca da parte a?rea da soja em compara??o ?s outras fontes inorg?nicas (KCl e K2SO4). Na parte qu?mica do solo no experimento de campo a ?glicerina pot?ssica? aumentou os teores de K em ambos os solos, por?m n?o alterando os demais atributos e o estado nutricional da soja, o ?glicerina pot?ssica? supriu parte do K quando este era limitante no solo e no experimento na casa de vegeta??o a ?glicerina pot?ssica? proporcionou aumento nos teores de K no solo e nos teores foliares de K e S na soja cultivada no NQ. O efeito sobre a microbiota do solo do experimento de campo foi vari?vel, sendo que na primeira avalia??o foi alta e na ?ltima estes valores diminu?ram, mostrando que o meio ? capaz de consumir a ?glicerina pot?ssica? e os fertilizantes minerais (KCl e K2SO4). No experimento de casa de vegeta??o, a ?glicerina pot?ssica? ao final do per?odo experimental apresentou tend?ncia de se equilibrar no solo NQ e chegando ao equil?brio no LVd na atividade microbiol?gica do solo. Por?m s?o necess?rios estudos para avaliar a utiliza??o da glicerina pot?ssica em longo prazo para entender melhor a din?mica deste no solo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Glycerin is a residue of the biodiesel industry, output from the process of vegetable oil transesterification of triglycerides in basic catalyst that will lead to economic, social and environmental impacts due to increased production of biodiesel in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of glycerin, a biodiesel industry waste, came from vegetable oil transesterification of triglycerides by potassium hydroxide catalyst (KOH) as a source of potassium ("K glycerin") on productivity and nutrition of soybeans and on chemical and microbiological characteristics of the soil. Two experiments were conducted under field conditions in a Oxisol (Typic) soil type, at Curvelo, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and another in the village of Diamantina, Minas Gerais state in a sand soil type (NQ). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments were three doses of "glycerin K 'corresponding to 50, 100 and 200% of recommended dose of Potassium for soybean and 100% of the dose recommended in the form of KCl and K2SO4 and a treatment without application of K. The recommended dose of K2O were 120 and 80 kg ha -1 for NQ and Oxisoil, respectively. There has been carried out chemical analysis of soil (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Al + H, CO, SO4-2) in the soybean harvest and microbiological analysis (microbial basal respiration (BR), microbial biomass carbon (CBM) and metabolic quotient (OKQ (2)) soil at two times (early emergence and soybean harvest) and soybean yield and foliar concentrations of nutrients in the flowering of soybeans. Soybean yield increased with the application of "glycerin K" when the availability of K in the soil was limited, and although lower than the mineral sources of K, it supplied in part the soybeans need for K. The soil microbiota tended to balance at the end of the cycle of soybeans with application of "glycerin K", thus not causing adverse effects on crop and soil. The "glycerin K" does not cause environmental problems to the place where it was applied, but studies are needed to evaluate its long-term use to better understand the dynamics of soil and crop productivity.