O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o trabalho do dirigente da pequena empresa a partir da teoria das abordagens dos papéis proposta por Mintzberg e sua possibilidade de descrever o trabalho do dirigente, tendo como unidade de análise o setor da construção civil e o contexto de obras públicas. A pequena empresa é vital para a economia dos países. Da mesma forma, a indústria da construção civil contribui com significativo percentual do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) do Brasil e de diversos países, sejam desenvolvidos ou em desenvolvimento. Embora apresentem-se como relevantes áreas de estudo - a pequena empresa e a indústria da construção civil - carecem de uma melhor análise integrada de suas inter-relações. Na primeira etapa da pesquisa foi realizado um mapeamento sistemático (MS), em uma base de dados de periódicos indexados, para levantar o estado da arte do tema da pesquisa: o dirigente da pequena empresa. Para explorar a questão da pesquisa foi desenvolvido questionário estruturado dividido em duas partes fundamentais. A primeira para obter dados qualitativos (nominais e ordinais) e quantitativos (discretos e contínuos). A segunda parte para identificar a incidência de cada um dos dez papéis propostos por Mintzberg, utilizando modelo categórico de resposta - escala Likert de cinco pontos. A amostra da pesquisa é composta por 39 dirigentes (n = 39) de empresas que entre 2013 e 2015 executaram obras civis - subsetor edificações - para empresa pública da esfera Federal via licitação pública. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio das médias de frequência obtidas e testes de análise de variância (ANOVA) entre as variáveis (primeira parte do questionários e papéis desempenhados pelo dirigente - segunda parte). Como resultado constata-se que dirigentes de empresas de construção civil inseridos no contexto de obras públicas desempenham atividades fundamentalmente relacionadas aos níveis de atuação interpessoal e decisório. Os papéis de líder e contato, ao nível interpessoal, e os papéis de alocador de recursos e negociador, ao nível decisório, são desempenhados com maior frequência pelo dirigente da amostra, representando grande parte do seu dia a dia de atuação. Das variáveis analisadas, a idade do dirigente (para os papéis de contato e disseminador), a estrutura organizacional da empresa (para o papel de disseminador), o percentual de contratos firmados com a Administração Pública em relação ao total de contratos firmados no período de um ano (para o papel de porta-voz) e a capacidade financeira da empresa (para o papel de porta-voz) apresentaram significância estatística, indicando a associação com a variável resposta da pesquisa - o papel desempenhado pelo dirigente da pequena empresa de construção civil. Comprova-se que a abordagem dos papéis de Mintzberg é capaz de explicar o trabalho do dirigente da pequena empresa de construção civil, constatado pelas médias de frequência apresentadas nos três níveis de atuação e dos papéis desempenhados, além das significâncias estatísticas apontadas pela ANOVA. As inferências realizadas contribuem para uma melhor compreensão integrada do trabalho do dirigente da pequena empresa de construção civil inserido no contexto de obras públicas e melhoria de sua gestão. / This study\'s aim is to analyze the small business owner-manager\'s work regarding the public civil construction sector grounded on Mintzberg\'s managerial roles and its possibility to describe the owner-manager\'s work. Small businesses are vital to a country\'s economy. Likewise, the civil construction industry contributes to a high GDP percentage in Brazil and other countries as well, whether developed or not. Although these two topics are relevant areas of study - civil construction industry and small business - its integration is not very much understood. A sistematic mapping was conducted in the first phase. The used database, in which the articles are indexed, established the state of art for the research theme: small business owner-manager. To analyze the research question, a structured questionnaire was created. It was divided in two fundamental parts. The first one to obtain qualitative data (nominal and ordinal) and quantitative (discrete and continuous). The second one to indentify the incidence of one of each Mintzberg\'s ten managerial work roles using a categorical response model, the five point Likert scale. The sample consists in 39 (n=39) small business owner-managers who worked in public civil construction in a Federal bureau between the years of 2013 and 2015 by bidding. The data analysis was performed by the mean and frequencies obteined and by comparison between variables - first part of the questionnaire and the owner-managers roles - using an analysis variance (ANOVA). Findings reveal that the small business owner-managers perform roles grounded on interpersonal and decision making levels. The leader and leaison roles, at the interpersonal level, and the resource allocator and negociator roles, at the decision making level, are the ones the owner-managers spend more time performing. The owner-manager\'s age (for leaison and disseminator roles), the organizational configuration (for the disseminator role), the percentage of the signed contratcs within the Public Administration with the total of the signed contracts between a year period (for the spokesperson role) and the business financial capacity (for the spokesperson role) are statistically significant, showing direct relationship with the response variable - the owner-mager\'s work. The results also support that Mintzberg\'s managerial rolles is able to explain the small business owner-manager\'s work, verified by means and frequencies and the ANOVA comparison. This study contibutes to a deeper and integrated understanding about the small business owner-manager in the public civil construction sector.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:11:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 30 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa objetivou examinar qual a influência das mudanças da legislação tributária nas políticas de dividendos das companhias brasileiras, testando a influência da Teoria da Preferência Fiscal sobre as políticas de dividendos das companhias abertas brasileiras. As mudanças na legislação tributária pertinente foram identificadas e o efeito da tributação sobre as políticas de dividendos das companhias foi verificado, investigando as diferenças nas políticas de dividendos entre as ações preferenciais (PN) e ordinárias (ON). Para alcançar este objetivo, foram examinados referenciais teóricos que indicaram modelos, hipóteses, efeitos, legislação societária brasileira sobre dividendos e teorias existentes sobre política de dividendos, posto que a importância da política de distribuição de resultados a ser adotada está diretamente relacionada às decisões sobre os investimentos e financiamentos. Em relação ao método, a taxionomia de pesquisa a classifica como sendo explicativa e experimental. A coleta de dados / This research had the objective to examine what is the influence of tributary legislation changes in Brazilian companies dividends politics, testing Fiscal Preference Theory influence on dividends politics of companies opened Brazilian . Changes in the pertinent tributary legislation were identified and taxation effect on companies dividends politics were verified, investigating differences on dividends politics between preferred stocks (PN) and usual stocks (ON). In order to reach this objective, theoretical references have been examined which have indicated models, hypotheses, effects, Brazilian companies legislation about dividends and theories about dividends politics, because the importance of the results distribution politics that will be adopted is directly related to decisions about investments and financings. In relation to the method, taxonomy classifies the research as being explanatory and experimental. The data gathering was done in Economatica database and the sample was composed by 559 compan

Submitted by CARLA MARIA GOULART DE MORAES (carlagm) on 2015-06-24T20:16:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaVeronicaSilvaJacques.pdf: 774362 bytes, checksum: fd8547cc75d8c48a3bc88c4b9401fed1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-24T20:16:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlaviaVeronicaSilvaJacques.pdf: 774362 bytes, checksum: fd8547cc75d8c48a3bc88c4b9401fed1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-12 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A evidenciação de informações, segundo perspectivas da teoria de agência, apresenta-se como uma forma de reduzir a assimetria informacional entre os agentes econômicos no mercado. Contudo, algumas desvantagens são apontadas pela teoria de custo do proprietário, mediante os custos gerados pela evidenciação de informações privadas, dentre eles: os custos de elaboração e divulgação e os custos provocados pela utilização das informações pelos concorrentes. Esta pesquisa busca evidências sobre a relação entre informações evidenciadas nos pareceres de auditoria das companhias e a variação do valor médio de suas ações no mercado. A população do estudo é composta por 211 companhias abertas e não financeiras com ações negociadas na Bovespa em seu mercado tradicional, referentes aos exercícios findos em 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 e 2009. Considerando que muitas dessas empresas não se encontravam listadas em todo este período, como também não apresentavam pareceres com ressalvas, foram excluídas 178 empresas, configurando uma amostra final de 33 (trinta e três) companhias. Este estudo caracteriza-se, num primeiro momento, pela análise de conteúdo do Disclosure realizado nos pareceres de auditoria. Por meio da análise de conteúdo, elaborou-se uma lista de indicadores de informações evidenciadas. Na sequência, foram criadas categorias de indicadores, para o desenvolvimento de análise estatística. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que o indicador de evidenciação de práticas contábeis possui um coeficiente positivo explicativo acerca da variação do valor médio das ações, o que vem ao encontro dos pressupostos da teoria de agência. / The disclosure of information, according to agency theory perspective, is presented as a way to reduce information asymmetry among economic agents in the market. However, some disadvantages are pointed out by the theory of cost of owner by the costs resulting from disclosure of private information, including: the costs of production and dissemination and the costs arising from the use of information by competitors. In this context, the research investigates the use of audit opinion by investors as an aid to decision making. These research evidence on the relationship between information highlighted in the audit opinions of companies and the variation of the average value of its shares on the market. The study population consists of 211 publicly held companies and non-financial publicly traded in its traditional market, for the years ended 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009. Whereas many of these companies were not listed throughout this period, also had no opinions with caveats, were excluded 178 companies, setting a final sample of 33 (thirty three) companies. This study is characterized by content analysis, at first, held in Disclosure of audit opinions. Through content analysis, we elaborated a list of indicators of information highlighted. As a result, we created categories of indicators for the development of statistical analysis. The results revealed that the indicator of disclosure of accounting practices has a positive explanatory coefficient of variation of the average value of the shares, which comes to meet the assumptions of agency theory.

A failure of a small business has a negative impact on the economic health of the community where the small business operates. Small businesses are significant entities in economies around the world, but small businesses have a high failure rate. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore what financial strategies small business manufacturing leaders use to increase productivity and profitability to sustain the business for longer than 5 years. The population for this study was three small manufacturing business owners in Pennsylvania who have been in business over 5 years and have used financial strategies to increase productivity and profitability. The theory of planned behavior was the conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and direct observation. Methodological triangulation was used to analyze the data. Four themes emerged after the data was coded in NVivo: the importance of company data, planning for a sustainable future using capital expenditures, cash flow management, and owner/employee collaboration in decision-making. The potential for positive social change includes increasing the survival rates of small businesses. The increase in small business survivals may potentially contribute to increases in employment rates in the community of small manufacturing businesses, leading to increased family incomes and improved overall economic health of the community.

Background/Discussion: Among investors, annual reports are used as a decision-making document to value a company. Many companies therefore use voluntary disclosure as a complement to statutory information in annual reports. Previous studies have examined what the underlying factors for voluntary disclosure are. These have among other things, resulted in factors such as size, country of origin and owner concentration, which has a significant impact on the amount of voluntary disclosure. Therefore, it is interesting to examine if there is a significant difference between the amount of voluntary disclosure in companies with controlled ownership versus management ownership. The selection is based on companies listed on the Swedish stock market Nasdaq Strockholm, Large Cap and Small Cap. Purpose: This comparative study is aiming to investigate differences in the amount of voluntary disclosure between companies with controlled ownership and management ownership. The purpose is to create a deeper understanding and increase awareness of the ownership structure's impact on voluntary information. Method: A quantitative method has been used for the study and empirical data has been collected through observations of annual reports. The collected data has then been assessed according to a valuation index designed for the study. The index has been adapted to both swedish and international regulations. The study has then used scatterplots and a t-test to measure whether or not there is a significant difference in the amount of voluntary disclosure between the two owner concentrations. Result: Based on the study's sample, there is no significant difference in the amount of voluntary disclosure between control-owned and management-controlled companies. Control-owned companies tend to report more information about accidents than managementcontrolled companies. The management-controlled companies in the study tend to report more information on marketing than control-owned companies

<p><p><p><strong>Syfte:</strong> Syftet med denna studie är att utreda månadsavgiftens inverkan på bostadsrätters försäljningspris och få en indikation på hur rationellt den studerade marknaden fungerar. Den formella hypotesen är: Leder låg månadsavgift till högt försäljningspris och vice versa? Dessutom undersöks hur månadsavgiften kapitaliseras in i bostadsrätters försäljningspris.</p></p></p><p><p><p><strong>Metod:</strong> Denna studie baseras på information om bostadsrättsförsäljningar i Gävle under år 2008. En omfattande manuell databehandling har utförts för att kunna genomföra studien. De prispåverkande faktorerna har klassificerats utifrån deras förmodande inverkan på priset. Metoden som används är den hedoniska metoden, som gör det möjligt att beskriva försäljningspriset som en funktion av ett antal faktorer. För att estimera månadsavgiftens effekt på försäljningspriset har fyra regressionsekvationer utformats och beräknats i dataprogrammet Microsoft Excel. Utifrån regressionsresultatet har en värderingsformel skapats som använts för att urskilja det avkastningskrav med vilket marknaden kapitaliserat avgiften.</p></p></p><p><p><p><strong>Resultat & slutsats:</strong> Samtliga regressionsresultat visar att korrelationen mellan månadsavgift och försäljningspris är negativ. Det intressanta är dock hur månadsavgiften kapitaliseras in i bostadsrättens försäljningspris. Resultatet visar att avkastningen är som lägst när månadsavgiften är låg och tilltar i takt med att månadsavgiften ökar. Detta kan tala för att en fokusering på den låga månadsavgiften kan leda till för höga försäljningspriser.</p><p><strong>Förslag till fortsatt forskning: </strong>När vi i studien har bedömt huruvida marknaden handlar rationellt eller ej har vi inte tagit hänsyn till hur köpet är finansierat av de enskilda köparna. Detta är en faktor som komplicerar bedömningen och är värt att undersöka vidare.</p></p></p><p><p><p><strong>Uppsatsens bidrag:</strong> Studien har gett en inblick i hur månadsavgiften påverkar bostadsrätters försäljningspris. Dessutom har åskådliggjorts huruvida marknadens värdering av månadsavgiften ändras vid olika avgiftsnivåer.</p></p></p> / <p><p><p><strong>Aim:</strong> The purpose of this study is to investigate the monthly fees impact on tenant-owner<strong> </strong>flats market and get an indication of how rational the studied market is. The formal hypothesis is: Does a low monthly fee lead to high selling price and vice versa? Moreover investigates how the monthly fee capitalizes into tenant-owner flats selling price.</p></p></p><p><p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This study is based on sales of tenant-owner flats in Gävle during year 2008. An extensive manual data processing has been implemented to perform the study. The priceinfluencing factors have been classified according to their prospective impact on the price. The method used is the hedonic method, which makes it possible to describe the selling price as a function of a number of factors. To estimate monthly fees effect on the sales price, four regression equations has been designed and calculated in the computer program Microsoft Excel. Based on the regression result a valuation formula has been created and is used to identify the return of which the market has capitalized the fee.</p><p><strong>Result & Conclusions:</strong> All regression results show that the correlation between the monthly fee and selling price are negative. What is interesting is how the monthly fee is capitalized into the tenant-owner flats selling price. The result shows that the yield is at its lowest when the monthly fee is low and increases as the monthly fee increases. This may demonstrate that a low monthly fee can lead to a high selling price.</p><p><strong>Suggestions for future research:</strong> When we assessed whether the market is rational or not, we have not taken account of how the purchase is financed by the individual buyers. This is a factor that complicates the assessment and is worth exploring further.</p></p></p><p><p><p><strong>Contribution of the thesis:</strong> The study has given an insight into the monthly fees affect on tenant-owner flats selling prices. In addition, we illustrate how the market's valuation of the monthly fee changes at different levels of the fees size.</p></p></p>

<p><strong>Syfte:</strong> Syftet är att försöka urskilja samband mellan hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer och efterfrågan på specifika bostadsattribut. Vår frågeställning är: Finns det samband mellan vilka specifika attribut som efterfrågas hos bostadsrätter och hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer? Vår förhoppning är att åtminstone få en indikation på vad olika typer av hushåll efterfrågar.<strong>Metod: </strong>Denna studie baseras på en databas bestående av bostadsrättsförsäljningar som skett i Gävle under år 2008 samt socioekonomisk information om de hushåll som förvärvat dessa bostadsrätter. För att estimera hushålls efterfrågan på ett specifikt bostadsrättsattribut har en tvåstegsmetod använts. I ett första steg avslöjas de underförstådda marginalpriserna av bostadsrätters egenskaper med hjälp av den hedoniska metoden. Dessa marginalpriser används i ett andra steg där efterfrågeekvationer för enskilda bostadsrättsattribut estimeras. Beräkningarna utförs i statistikprogrammet EViews.<strong>Resultat & slutsats: </strong>Resultatet visar att vissa bostadsrättsattribut kan sammankopplas med hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer. Vidare visar resultatet tydliga men mycket svaga mönster vad gäller efterfrågan på marknaden, trots att prisstrukturen på samma marknad är oerhört utmärkande. Vi kan konstatera att prissättningen på bostadsrätters attribut är väldigt tydlig medan konsumtionen av samma attribut är otydlig.<strong>Förslag till fortsatt forskning:</strong> Intressant vore att jämföra studier av denna typ med hyresmarknadens hyressättningsmodell och se om den utgår från samma värdering av bostadens attribut som det visat sig att hushåll efterfrågar. Ytterligare ett förslag är att skatta en faktisk boendekostnad för samtliga hushåll i datamaterialet och använda disponibel inkomst istället för taxerad förvärvsinkomst i efterfrågefunktionen.<strong>Uppsatsens bidrag: </strong>Studien har visat hur man kan estimera och finna samband mellan bostadsattribut och hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer. Därutöver har problemet med endogenitet behandlats genom instrumentvariabler och en uppdelning av datamaterialet i fyra delområden.</p> / <p><strong>Aim:</strong> The purpose of this study is to try to distinguish a relationship between household socio-economic factors and the demand for specific housing attributes. Our question is: Is there a connection between the specific attributes requested by households and its socio-economic factors? Our hope is to at least get an indication of what different types of households demand.<strong>Method:</strong> This study is based on information of tenant-owner flats sales made in Gävle in 2008 as well as socio-economic information of those households who bought these flats. In order to estimate demand for a specific housing attribute a two-step method is used. In a first step the implicit marginal prices of housing attributes are revealed by the hedonic method. These marginal rates are used in a second step to reveal the specific household demand for individual housing attributes. The calculations are made in the statistical program EViews.<strong>Result & Conclusions: </strong>The result shows that some housing attributes can be linked with household socio-economic factors. The result shows a clear but very weak pattern of demand in the market, despite that the price structure in the same market is extremely remarkable. We note that the prices of housing attributes are very clear while the consumption of the same attributes is unclear.<strong>Suggestions for future research: </strong>It would be interesting to compare the results of this type of study with rental markets rent-model and see if it is based on the same valuation of the dwelling attributes that household’s demand. Another proposal is to estimate the actual housing costs for all of the households in the data and use disposable income rather than actual income in the demand function.<strong>Contribution of the thesis: </strong>The study has revealed how to estimate and identify household demand for specific housing attributes. In addition, the problem of endogeneity has been treated with instrument variables and a separation of the data set into four submarkets.</p>

Syfte: Syftet är att försöka urskilja samband mellan hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer och efterfrågan på specifika bostadsattribut. Vår frågeställning är: Finns det samband mellan vilka specifika attribut som efterfrågas hos bostadsrätter och hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer? Vår förhoppning är att åtminstone få en indikation på vad olika typer av hushåll efterfrågar.Metod: Denna studie baseras på en databas bestående av bostadsrättsförsäljningar som skett i Gävle under år 2008 samt socioekonomisk information om de hushåll som förvärvat dessa bostadsrätter. För att estimera hushålls efterfrågan på ett specifikt bostadsrättsattribut har en tvåstegsmetod använts. I ett första steg avslöjas de underförstådda marginalpriserna av bostadsrätters egenskaper med hjälp av den hedoniska metoden. Dessa marginalpriser används i ett andra steg där efterfrågeekvationer för enskilda bostadsrättsattribut estimeras. Beräkningarna utförs i statistikprogrammet EViews.Resultat &amp; slutsats: Resultatet visar att vissa bostadsrättsattribut kan sammankopplas med hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer. Vidare visar resultatet tydliga men mycket svaga mönster vad gäller efterfrågan på marknaden, trots att prisstrukturen på samma marknad är oerhört utmärkande. Vi kan konstatera att prissättningen på bostadsrätters attribut är väldigt tydlig medan konsumtionen av samma attribut är otydlig.Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Intressant vore att jämföra studier av denna typ med hyresmarknadens hyressättningsmodell och se om den utgår från samma värdering av bostadens attribut som det visat sig att hushåll efterfrågar. Ytterligare ett förslag är att skatta en faktisk boendekostnad för samtliga hushåll i datamaterialet och använda disponibel inkomst istället för taxerad förvärvsinkomst i efterfrågefunktionen.Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien har visat hur man kan estimera och finna samband mellan bostadsattribut och hushålls socioekonomiska faktorer. Därutöver har problemet med endogenitet behandlats genom instrumentvariabler och en uppdelning av datamaterialet i fyra delområden. / Aim: The purpose of this study is to try to distinguish a relationship between household socio-economic factors and the demand for specific housing attributes. Our question is: Is there a connection between the specific attributes requested by households and its socio-economic factors? Our hope is to at least get an indication of what different types of households demand.Method: This study is based on information of tenant-owner flats sales made in Gävle in 2008 as well as socio-economic information of those households who bought these flats. In order to estimate demand for a specific housing attribute a two-step method is used. In a first step the implicit marginal prices of housing attributes are revealed by the hedonic method. These marginal rates are used in a second step to reveal the specific household demand for individual housing attributes. The calculations are made in the statistical program EViews.Result &amp; Conclusions: The result shows that some housing attributes can be linked with household socio-economic factors. The result shows a clear but very weak pattern of demand in the market, despite that the price structure in the same market is extremely remarkable. We note that the prices of housing attributes are very clear while the consumption of the same attributes is unclear.Suggestions for future research: It would be interesting to compare the results of this type of study with rental markets rent-model and see if it is based on the same valuation of the dwelling attributes that household’s demand. Another proposal is to estimate the actual housing costs for all of the households in the data and use disposable income rather than actual income in the demand function.Contribution of the thesis: The study has revealed how to estimate and identify household demand for specific housing attributes. In addition, the problem of endogeneity has been treated with instrument variables and a separation of the data set into four submarkets.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utreda månadsavgiftens inverkan på bostadsrätters försäljningspris och få en indikation på hur rationellt den studerade marknaden fungerar. Den formella hypotesen är: Leder låg månadsavgift till högt försäljningspris och vice versa? Dessutom undersöks hur månadsavgiften kapitaliseras in i bostadsrätters försäljningspris. Metod: Denna studie baseras på information om bostadsrättsförsäljningar i Gävle under år 2008. En omfattande manuell databehandling har utförts för att kunna genomföra studien. De prispåverkande faktorerna har klassificerats utifrån deras förmodande inverkan på priset. Metoden som används är den hedoniska metoden, som gör det möjligt att beskriva försäljningspriset som en funktion av ett antal faktorer. För att estimera månadsavgiftens effekt på försäljningspriset har fyra regressionsekvationer utformats och beräknats i dataprogrammet Microsoft Excel. Utifrån regressionsresultatet har en värderingsformel skapats som använts för att urskilja det avkastningskrav med vilket marknaden kapitaliserat avgiften. Resultat &amp; slutsats: Samtliga regressionsresultat visar att korrelationen mellan månadsavgift och försäljningspris är negativ. Det intressanta är dock hur månadsavgiften kapitaliseras in i bostadsrättens försäljningspris. Resultatet visar att avkastningen är som lägst när månadsavgiften är låg och tilltar i takt med att månadsavgiften ökar. Detta kan tala för att en fokusering på den låga månadsavgiften kan leda till för höga försäljningspriser. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: När vi i studien har bedömt huruvida marknaden handlar rationellt eller ej har vi inte tagit hänsyn till hur köpet är finansierat av de enskilda köparna. Detta är en faktor som komplicerar bedömningen och är värt att undersöka vidare. Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien har gett en inblick i hur månadsavgiften påverkar bostadsrätters försäljningspris. Dessutom har åskådliggjorts huruvida marknadens värdering av månadsavgiften ändras vid olika avgiftsnivåer. / Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the monthly fees impact on tenant-owner flats market and get an indication of how rational the studied market is. The formal hypothesis is: Does a low monthly fee lead to high selling price and vice versa? Moreover investigates how the monthly fee capitalizes into tenant-owner flats selling price. Method: This study is based on sales of tenant-owner flats in Gävle during year 2008. An extensive manual data processing has been implemented to perform the study. The priceinfluencing factors have been classified according to their prospective impact on the price. The method used is the hedonic method, which makes it possible to describe the selling price as a function of a number of factors. To estimate monthly fees effect on the sales price, four regression equations has been designed and calculated in the computer program Microsoft Excel. Based on the regression result a valuation formula has been created and is used to identify the return of which the market has capitalized the fee. Result &amp; Conclusions: All regression results show that the correlation between the monthly fee and selling price are negative. What is interesting is how the monthly fee is capitalized into the tenant-owner flats selling price. The result shows that the yield is at its lowest when the monthly fee is low and increases as the monthly fee increases. This may demonstrate that a low monthly fee can lead to a high selling price. Suggestions for future research: When we assessed whether the market is rational or not, we have not taken account of how the purchase is financed by the individual buyers. This is a factor that complicates the assessment and is worth exploring further. Contribution of the thesis: The study has given an insight into the monthly fees affect on tenant-owner flats selling prices. In addition, we illustrate how the market's valuation of the monthly fee changes at different levels of the fees size.

Det allmänna trycket på förändringar ökar ständigt, liksom organisationers behov av att hantera och genomföra dessa. Samtidigt är förändringsprojekt komplexa och har en hög misslyckandegrad. Interna förändringsprojekt kan involvera både projektledning och förändringsledning. Skillnaden mellan dessa kan enklast beskrivas som att projektledningens fokus ligger på den tekniska lösningen medan förändringsledningen riktar energin mot att skapa förståelse och acceptans hos projektets berörda individer. Under det senaste decenniet har forskning riktat fokus mot interna förändringsprojekt och behov av kompetenser hos projektledaren. Projektbeställarens perspektiv gällande interna förändringsprojekt och då specifikt skillnaden mellan förändringsledning och projektledning, är inte studerad. Frågan är hur medveten projektbeställaren är om dessa två sidor samt om kompetenser från respektive sida beaktas i valet av projektledare. Syftet med denna studie är att ge en indikation på vilka framgångsfaktorer som projektbeställaren beaktar i interna förändringsprojekt och om dessa faktorer speglas i form av kompetenser som projektledaren önskas ha. Studien undersöker även hur projektbeställaren ser på sin roll vad gäller ansvar och uppgifter. Studien utgick från en kvalitativ metod med explorativ ansats där data samlades in via sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med projektbeställare inom en offentlig organisation. Datamaterialet behandlades sedan med en tematisk analys utifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk med faktorer inom blocken förändringsledning och projektledning. Studien visar att det finns god kännedom gällande förändringars framgångsfaktorer som nämns i teori men att de inte alltid förknippas med kraven på projektledaren. De kompetenser som projektbeställare beaktar hos en generell projektledare utökas med förändringskompetenser när uppdraget gäller interna förändringsprojekt, men då starkt beroende på vilken syn projektbeställaren har på interna förändringsprojekt. Rollen som projektbeställare beskrivs innefatta flertalet ansvar och uppgifter, varav några var utanför denna undersöknings teoretiska ramar. / The global pressure for change and adaption is constantly increasing as well as the organizations need to coop and manage this ever increasing demand for change. Furthermore, change projects are very complex in its nature and suffer from a high rate of failure. Change projects may include both project management and change management. The difference between change management and project management can be described as following: the main focus of project management lies in the technical aspect whilst change management directs the energy towards creating acceptance from the projects receiving individuals. During the last decade, research has been initiated in the field of internal change projects and the need of necessary competencies of the project manager. Still internal change projects and more specifically the difference between change management and project management, have not yet been studied from the project owner’s perspective. The question remains if the project owner is aware of these two sides and if their competencies are reflected in the choice of a suitable project manager. The purpose of this study is to give an indication of which success factors project owners valuates within an internal change project and if those reflect as desired competencies of the potential project manager. This study also includes the role of the project owner and what they themselves define their duty and responsibilities. The design of this study is based from a qualitative methodology with an explorative approach where data was collected from an organization in the public sector via six semi-structured interviews of project owners. The data was later analyzed with a thematic analyze method constructed from a theoretical framework of factors included by the two areas: project management and change management. The result of this study indicates that the project owner have good knowledge regarding the success factors of change which is mentioned in theory. However these success factors are not usually associated with the project managers qualifications. The competencies identified by the project owner to be important by a general project manager are expanded with change management competencies if the project is classified as an internal change project. The addition of required change management competencies is though highly dependent on the project owner’s vision of internal change projects. The role as project owner is described to include a variety of duties and responsibilities of which some of them not covered by the initial theory of this study.