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Aldo Crommelynck (1931-2008) a animé l'atelier Crommelynck à Paris de 1956 à 1986, en compagnie de son frère Piero, puis a travaillé seul entre Paris et New York en partenariat avec Pace Editions, jusqu'en 1998. Sa collaboration avec les peintres modernes, dont Picasso à Mougins, a inauguré une carrière internationale auprès d'une quarantaine d'artistes contemporains. Sa maîtrise de l'eau-forte s'est intégrée au milieu artistique international, entre Paris, Londres et New York, dans un contexte profitable au marché de l'art. Son nom est associé à un mouvement de retour à la taille­douce qui coïncide avec le goût des artistes issus du Pop pour le travail de la main et pour la figuration du quotidien. D'autres, issus du minimalisme et du néo-expressionnisme, verront en lui le dépositaire d'un certain métier de la gravure identifié à Paris. Cette thèse entend déterminer ce que fut le «style Crommelynck», dans toutes ses dimensions. / Aldo Crommelynck (1931-2008) run the Crommelynck studio, in Paris from 1956 to 1986, with his brother Piero, and then worked alone between Paris and New York in partnership with Pace Editions until 1998. His collaboration with modem painters, including Picasso in Mougins, preceded his international career with forty or so contemporary artists. His mastery of etching well integrated into the artistic world of Paris, London and New York, in a context profitable to the art market. His name is associated with the revival of printmaking in the United States that coincided with the taste of the artists coming from Pop Art for handmade creation and for the representation of daily life. Others, who came afterwards, impregnated with Minimalism or Neo-expressionism, saw him as the repository of a certain etching craft identified with Paris. This thesis intends to determine what was the « Crommerlynck style » in all its dimensions.

Face aux grands drames historiques du 20ème siècle, Louis Aragon (1897-1982) et Pablo Neruda (1904-1973), deux poètes communistes, amis dans la vie, développent à travers leur œuvre une conception de la poésie et de l’art en général comme une conquête, qu’ils nomment « chant ». Bien qu’il renvoie au lien séculaire entre musique et poésie, le « chant », que la thèse prend pour objet, n’est ni réductible ni à la musique ni au texte. Pour eux, le chant est le symptôme de l’unité fondamentale de l’art et de la vie et peut constituer une expression valant dans n’importe quelle sphère de l’activité artistique. Cette étude défend l’hypothèse selon laquelle le chant est d’abord une énergie qui non seulement fonde le texte littéraire, mais irrigue également les autres arts, et notamment les arts plastiques. La thèse propose ainsi de réinterroger ce que l’on appelle « chant » à travers deux œuvres originales qui cherchent à redessiner des communautés politiques et esthétiques, à l’échelle nationale et internationale. En saisissant d’abord leur œuvre par le dehors, l’étude met en lumière les étapes de la fabrique du chant à partir de deux manières de relier les espaces poétiques et politiques : celui de l’histoire littéraire et artistique et celui de la traduction. Ensuite, la thèse se fonde sur une approche poétique pour examiner de l’intérieur le chant sous l’angle de l’énergie. Si le chant semble indéfinissable, c’est aussi parce qu’il n’est pas une forme ni même un genre à proprement parler, mais l’expérience sensible d’une présence partagée. Démesurée, l’énergie du chant défie les cadres de la représentation pour s’afficher comme une expression. C’est sous ce dernier prisme que l’étude inscrit le chant dans un horizon qui outrepasse la poésie et le confronte à des problématiques visuelles en convoquant les écrits sur l’art de l’un et de l’autre, de rares livres illustrés par les peintres muralistes (Siqueiros, Rivera, Venturelli et Léger) et en examinant de près les extensions du chant (le livre, le mur et la tapisserie), afin d’identifier la communauté d’enjeux entre ce que nos poètes appellent « chant » et des réalisations plastiques majeures du 20ème siècle. / Facing the great historical dramas of the 20th century, Communist poets and friends Louis Aragon (1897-1982) and Pablo Neruda (1904-1973) showcased in their respective bodies of work a certain conception of poetry and of art as a conquest, which they named “canto” (in French “chant”). Although the term denotes the primeval relation between music and poetry, this dissertation postulates that the canto is not to be reduced to the sole musical or textual contexts. What both poets term “canto” is rather akin to the basic unity of art and life, and finds itself applicable to all artistic fields. In this sense, this dissertation first and foremost defends a vision of the canto as energy, which not only rests at the basis of textual creation but which also informs all other means of artistic expression, especially visual and plastic arts. The aim of this study is therefore to question what the term “canto” purportedly signifies in critical context. It does so by inspecting how the two oeuvres under scrutiny are relentlessly committed to shaping new political and esthetical communities, both nationally and internationally. Firstly approaching Aragon and Neruda’s works from an exterior viewpoint, the dissertation sheds light on the various elements that are generative of the canto by soliciting two areas which fundamentally connect poetical and political spaces: that of literary history and that of translation. The study then proceeds to examine the poetical works themselves through the notion of energy. If the defining contours of the canto remain elusive, it is precisely because it cannot be characterized as a form or as a genre in itself, but rather stands as the sentient experience of a shared presence. The overflowing energy emanating from the canto thereby begs the question of representation, whose frames it constantly defies in order to offer itself rather as an expression. This last notion serves as the final prism through which the canto is considered in this study, as something essentially exceeding the mere art of poetry and which interrogates the modalities of the visual. This concluding demonstration relies on Aragon and Neruda’s critical essays on art as well as rare books illustrated by muralist painters (Siqueiros, Rivera, Venturelli and Léger); it carefully explores the plastic prolongations of the canto (in book, wall or tapestry form) in order to further identify the common goals and implications of this literary entity, along with those of some major plastic arts achievements of the 20th century.

Pablo Minguet y Yrol's Academia Musical of 1752, M891 in the Bíblioteca Nacional of Madrid, is a loosely organized collection of tutors for thirteen musical instruments: guitar, tiple, mandola, cittern, bandurria, psaltery, clavichord [i.e., keyboard], organ, harp, violin, transverse flute, recorder, and flageolet. The tutors concerning the guitar and related instruments are by far the most comprehensive; topics covered include basic playing technique, figured-bass accompaniment, and notation, both mensural and tablature. Most musical examples are given in both types of notation. The thesis is a complete translation of the Academia Musical, including the texts of the illustrations, with an introductory commentary giving the historical background of music education in eighteenth-century Spain, a brief review of European musical-instrument tutors in general, and an analysis of Minguet's tutors in particular.

Nas últimas décadas, a memória tornou-se um tema de preocupação política central em todo mundo. A produção da memória concretiza-se pelo entrecruzamento de distintas forças sociais que disputam a legitimidade de enunciar os discursos acerca dos acontecimentos do tempo passado. Desse modo, as discussões em torno da elaboração das narrativas de memória têm escapado dos limites da disciplina histórica. Cada vez mais, esse espaço vem sendo ocupado por investigações oriundas de diversas disciplinas e também por outros agentes culturais que se voltam para o passado e para a memória com interesses distintos aos dos historiadores. Um dos veículos produtores dessas narrativas alternativas sobre o passado com maior adesão popular são os meios audiovisuais, especialmente as obras cinematográficas. Na América Latina, após o fim das ditaduras instaladas das décadas de 1960, 1970, que deixaram um legado de violações de direitos humanos em vários países, a memória tornou-se um espaço de disputa e de reconstrução das identidades nacionais. Esta pesquisa busca investigar qual o potencial das obras cinematográficas para intervir na construção de um processo de memória suplementar aos processos de memória oficial. A investigação está concentrada nos contextos do Brasil e do Chile. Partindo das produções fílmicas dos cineastas Lúcia Murat e Pablo Larraín, este trabalho busca analisar como os filmes produzidos por eles, que recriam nas telas as ditaduras brasileira e chilena, atuam no processo de construção das narrativas sobre as experiências ditatoriais, contribuindo assim para os processos de reparação histórica em andamento na atualidade nesses países. / In recent decades, the memory has become a central policy concern all over the world. The production of memory takes place through different social forces that disput the legitimacy of stating the public discourses about the past time. Thus, the production of narratives about the past has escaped from the limits of the historical discipline and, increasingly, other disciplines and cultural agents who turn to the past with distinct interests than historians have occupied this space of investigation. One of producing vehicles of such alternative narratives about the past is the audiovisual with large popular accession, especially cinematographic works. In Latin America, after the end of the dictatorships installed in the 1960s, 1970s, which left a legacy of human rights violations in various countries, the memory became an area of dispute and reconstruction of national identities. This research investigates which are the film's potential to intervene in the construction of an additional memory to the process of construction of the official memory. This research is concentrated in the cases of Brazil and Chile. Starting from the filmic productions of filmmakers Lucia Murat and Pablo Larraín, this paper analyzes how the films produced by them, that recreate the Brazilian and Chilean dictatorships, act in the construction of narratives about the dictatorial experiences, thereby contributing to building the historical repair processes.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ilza Mendes da Cruz.pdf: 1515835 bytes, checksum: d4e1452354a0f61d6b9f5ad60456dc7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-29 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / Pablo Neruda, in addition to writing poetry and used to participate of the political life of Chile, used to collect the most different objects collected in many different ways and in different places where he travelled. Many of the objects of his collection were given by friends, others were found in the beach, others were bought. Neruda, by his poetry, managed to materialize the image of what was seeing by observing his objects, in special some shells that were part of his collection of snail (as he said). In this dissertation, we present some aspects related to the confluence between poetry and science. To do so, we compare the poetic description of the shells, with description in scientific form. The poetic language differs in relation to the use of words but is no less true / Pablo Neruda, além de escrever poesia e de participar da vida política do Chile, costumava colecionar os mais variados objetos, coletados nas mais diversas formas, em vários lugares por onde viajou, enquanto representante diplomático daquele país. Muitos dos objetos de sua coleção foram recebidos de amigos, outros foram encontrados na praia e outros, ainda, foram comprados. Neruda, através da poesia, esforçou-se em materializar as imagens que estava captando ao observar os seus objetos, em especial algumas conchas que faziam parte de sua coleção de caracóis (como ele mesmo identifica). Nesta dissertação, procuramos apresentar alguns aspectos relacionados à confluência entre poesia e ciência. Para tanto, buscamos comparar a descrição poética das conchas, com descrição na forma científica. A linguagem poética difere em relação à utilização das palavras porém não é menos verdadeira

This dissertation investigates the representation of the image of the stone in poems by four modern Latin-American poets. To do this, I selected one key poem by Carlos Drummond de Andrade, João Cabral de Melo Neto, Pablo Neruda, and Octavio Paz. Based on pertinent principles of literary criticism and analysis, I perform close readings of each of these texts. Despite the use of the same image, the semantic results in each poem present significant variation. That is my starting point for discussions of related historical and theoretical issues such as critical reception, value, ("No meio do caminho" by Drummond), the representation of the lyrical speaker, imagery, metapoetry, ("A educação pela pedra" by João Cabral), the role of the history in poetry, the manipulation of literary sources, (Poema XVII by Pablo Neruda), the concept of "logos" and the relationship between poetry and myth ("Como las piedras del Principio" by Octavio Paz). The basic goal of this dissertation is to put into practice critical and theoretical approaches that optimize the reading of poetry. / text