Este estudo tem por objetivo examinar a rede de relações músico-sociais que se estabeleceu com a instalação da fábrica de discos “Casa A Electrica” no Rio Grande do Sul em 1914, no que se refere à circulação musical regional, nacional e internacional. Através de uma etnografia histórica, com base na imprensa, crônicas de memorialistas e literatos modernistas, documentos judiciais e na escuta dos fonogramas, reflito sobre os modos de produção e recepção das primeiras gravações mecânicas realizadas em Porto Alegre. Valendo-me de referenciais teóricos da Etnomusicologia que exploram a “escuta” como uma das formas de compreensão da modernidade e sua incorporação na descrição etnográfica, teço proposições entre instituições, ideias e práticas que acionaram o mundo audível de diferentes maneiras e valorizaram novos constructos de audição. Tais proposições giram em torno do cenário urbano local, onde se inscrevem as subjetividades envolvidas na escuta e no fazer musical moderno e suas relações com a tecnologia de reprodução sonora. Assim, componho um quadro dos cruzamentos de experiências de músicos, intérpretes, ouvintes e marcas estéticas das gravações musicais, procurando apresentar diversas vozes e percepções na compreensão das mediações entre a escuta e a transmissão musical entre diferentes agentes sociais no espaço-tempo moderno e como esse processo aparentemente localizado colabora no avanço dos entendimentos sobre as práticas musicais do Brasil no contexto da modernidade. / This study aims to examine the network of social musical relationship who settled with the installation of the record factory “A Casa Electrica” in Rio Grande do Sul in 1914 with regard to the international, national and regional musical circulation. Through an historical ethnography based on the press, chronicles of memoirs and literary modernists, court documents and based also on listening of phonograms, I reflect on the modes of production and reception of the first mechanical recordings held in Porto Alegre. Based on Ethnomusicology theoretical frameworks, which explore the “listening” as a way of understanding modernity and its incorporation in ethnographic description, I weave propositions among institutions, ideas and practices, which triggered the audible world in different ways and valued new constructs of audition. Such propositions are involved in a local urban scene, where the subjectivities involved in listening and in modern music making, and its relationships with the technology of sound reproduction are inscribed. Thus, I compose a picture of the crossing experiments of musicians, performers, listeners and aesthetic marks of the recorded music, trying to present diverse voices and perceptions in the understanding of the mediations between the listening and the musical transmission among different social agents in the modern space-time. I also try to show how this apparently located process collaborates in the advancement of the understanding about the musical practices in Brazil in the modernity context.

abstract: In Indian Country, the investigation and prosecution of sexual assault crimes have been described as arduous task. More so, determining whether the federal, state, or tribal government has criminal jurisdiction is perplexing. The various U.S. Supreme Court decisions and Federal Indian policies that influence tribal sovereignty restrict tribal government's authority over violent crimes that occur on tribal lands. In my thesis, I discuss U.S. Supreme Court decisions and federal Indian policies create a framework for colonial management and federal paternalism in Indian Country, which restrict tribal sovereignty and sentencing authority in criminal cases that occur on tribal lands and against their citizens. I introduce the Indigenous Woman's Justice Paradigm as a conceptual framework for Indian nations to develop an alternate system for responding to sexual assault crimes on tribal lands. The purpose of my research is to promote the cultural renewal of Indigenous justice practices to develop sexual assault jurisprudence or reform tribal rape law that are victim-centered and community controlled. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis American Indian Studies 2015

Pour faire face à un environnement en perpétuelle évolution, les entreprises doivent changer et parfois en profondeur. Ces évolutions en principe voulues et contrôlées se font au moyen de projets dits « d'entreprise ». Parmi les buts qu'il s'agit d'atteindre par le biais de ces projets, deux buts majeurs sont identifiables : le développement de l'agilité opérationnelle et la maîtrise des produits. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous nous focalisons sur le projet PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) et plus particulièrement sur la mise en oeuvre du système d’information nécessaire à la gestion du cycle de vie des produits : le système PLM. Ce système d’information coordonne tout ou partie des informations liées à la définition, à la réalisation, à l’usage et au retrait des produits. Après un état de l’art permettant de définir de façon précise les concepts liés à la gestion du cycle de vie des produits, une méthode est proposée pour définir le cahier des charges du système PLM. La définition de cette méthode montre la nécessité d’assurer la cohérence entre les différents modèles du système PLM d’une part et entre les différentes représentations du produit utilisées tout au long de son cycle de vie d’autre part. Un cadre de modélisation basé sur le paradigme systémique, sur le paradigme d'ambivalence et sur des concepts de métamodélisation est alors proposé. Ce cadre de modélisation apporte des éléments de réponse aux besoins de cohérence identifiés. Il supporte également l'adoption du raisonnement synergique indispensable au développement de l'agilité opérationnelle recherchée par l’entreprise. Une expérimentation est réalisée pour illustrer les concepts introduits dans notre cadre de modélisation. / Faced with a constantly evolving environment, companies have to change and sometimes have to change in depth. These evolutions are usually intentional and monitored and they are done through business projects. Two major goals can be identified among the goals to be reached through these projects: the operational agility development and the product management expertise. This thesis work focuses on PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) project and more precisely on the implementation of the information system needed to manage products’ lifecycle : the PLM system. This information system manages all or part of information related to the definition, the manufacturing, the use and the treatment as a waste of products. First of all, a state of the art of the concepts related to product lifecycle management is done. Basing on these concepts, a method for defining the PLM system requirements is proposed. Defining this method highlights two consistency needs. The first one is related to consistency among the several PLM system models. The second one is related to consistency among the several product representations used throughout the product lifecycle. A modeling framework based on the systemic paradigm, on the ambivalence paradigm and on metamodeling concepts is then proposed. On the one hand, this modeling framework provides elements to respond to identified consistency needs. On the other hand, it supports the adoption of the synergistic reasoning that is essential for developing the operational agility sought by the enterprise. An experimentation is carried out to illustrate the concepts introduced by the modeling framework.

Tourism in England has grown to become an activity worth around £111billion to the English economy, and constituting around 4% of employment. This has led to increasing numbers of local areas becoming involved with tourism development. However local authorities supporting tourism are impacted by financial pressures and pressures for ‘less government’, which are indicative of a ‘managerial paradigm’ which has surrounded public sector management in England. This study has examined the impact of the managerial paradigm on management of tourism at the local level. Using the English cities as a ‘case’, a methodological triangulation of questionnaire and contact with senior management in local authorities involved with tourism policy was used. The findings have led to an important understanding of the current picture concerning public sector management of tourism at the local level. This study has found that tourism is worth over £17billion to the English cities, and supports around 360,000 jobs. The findings suggest that the driving forces that characterised the managerial state continue to impact management of local tourism. This study has also examined the impact of policy changes introduced by the Conservative/Liberal Democratic Coalition government on local tourism. The accession of a new government has led to a significant realignment in public sector engagement with tourism. Policy discourse has stressed government ambition for tourism to be ‘industry-led’ with a ‘re-balancing’ the economy towards the private sector. As a result, this study has found the most significant challenges facing local tourism management centre around financial pressures. Reductions in tourism budgets are leading to major changes in departmental structures and tourism managers’ roles. Reductions in tourism budgets are leading to significant pressures on tourism departments to raise income in order to make departments financially viable. This study has found that in some cases local authorities are ceasing to financially-support tourism. This research also suggests that pressure from government for the private sector to increasingly fund tourism partnerships may be difficult to achieve locally. Respondents have argued that high levels of engagement with the private sector already exist locally, and as the private sector in tourism is predominately small businesses there are limitations as to how much such businesses can contribute to marketing partnerships. Policy for the private sector having the ‘majority power’ in the new emerging tourism partnerships may also have implications for the motivation of such partnerships. Doubts have been raised in this study from within the public sector, concerning the ability of local tourism businesses to take ‘responsibility for their own future’ whilst at the same time protecting the public interest. It is concluded that a ‘realignment’ towards more private sector involvement in partnerships brings with it potential consequences if local tourism businesses are unable to ‘increasingly fund’ the new arrangements, and the new tourism bodies are unable to establish a ‘pluralistic’ tourism policy environment in their areas. With evident reductions in local authority budgets, it is legitimate to question the scope of funding that the emerging DMOs will have at their disposal, and thus their ability to deliver local ambitions for tourism development. Therefore, the new tourism partnerships will require careful structuring and management. However, their financial futures will inevitably hinge on the value that the private sector places on the new local tourism arrangement, and their ability to maintain the public interest will depend on striking an appropriate balance of power amongst all stakeholders within the partnership.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2017-11-20T14:20:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Severino de Oliveira Tavares.pdf: 813840 bytes, checksum: 334f9c575c2a579e62b03421981758cf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-20T14:20:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Severino de Oliveira Tavares.pdf: 813840 bytes, checksum: 334f9c575c2a579e62b03421981758cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02 / O presente estudo tem como objetivos (1) colocar sob exame os pressupostos analíticos de Berger (1985) e de Guerra (2000), mais precisamente seu Paradigma da Semelhança, segundo o qual instituições religiosas operando em uma situação de mercado religioso, na medida em que competem pelos mesmos segmentos de consumidores, tendem a assemelhar uma parte significativa de seus modelos de religiosidade; (2) estudar o lado da demanda dos católicos, analisando o consumo que estes fazem - os que viveram os modelos anteriores de Igreja Católica, agora vivenciando esse novo “modo de ser” católico, e os que já nasceram nesse modelo assemelhado de igreja - dos produtos semelhantes observados, compreendendo o consumo a partir das apropriações práticas que os fiéis fazem daquilo que consomem. Nossa metodologia consistiu da comparação de sites de uma amostra de Paróquias da Diocese de Campina Grande - PB com os sites de uma amostra de igrejas neopentecostais da mesma cidade, verificando o que vem se assemelhando em termos do que oferecem enquanto atividades religiosas. Além disso, realizamos entrevistas semi-estruturadas com uma amostra não aleatória de fiéis católicos, estratificados por idade e paróquias cujos sites foram analisados, como acima indicado. Dentre as nossas conclusões, destacamos a confirmação das proposições gerais do Paradigma da Semelhança, no caso estudado, no qual se verificou a assemelhação de produtos oferecidos para o segmento dos jovens pelas paróquias da IC e pelas igrejas evangélicas analisadas. Ainda destacamos que os fiéis católicos mais jovens que entrevistamos demonstram maior adaptabilidade a esse novo modo de ser da Igreja Católica, já que os eventos tornaram-se uma forma de “entretenimento sagrado”, enquanto os mais velhos demonstraram certo desconhecimento das atividades assemelhadas que encontramos. / The present study aims to (1) bring into focus the analytical assumptions of Berger (1985) and Guerra (2000) about the religious market dynamics, more precisely its Similarity Paradigm, whereby religious institutions operating in a situation of religious market, insofar competing for the same consumer segments, tend to resemble a significant part of their models of religiosity; (2) study the demand side of the Catholics, analyzing the consumption that they make - those who lived through the previous models of the Catholic Church, now experiencing this new "way of being" Catholic, and those who were born in this model of resembled Church – of similar products observed, understanding the consumption from the practical aprropriations consumers do of that they consume. Our methodology consisted of the comparison of a non-randomized sample of Catholic Parishes from the Diocese of Campina Grande (Paraiba State) sites with a nonrandomized sample of neo-Pentecostal churches sites in the same town, checking out what comes resembling in terms of that they offer as religious activities. In addition, we conducted semi-structured interviews with a nonrandomized sample of Catholics parishioners, stratified by age and parishes whose sites were analyzed as described above. Among our findings, we highlight the confirmation of the general propositions of the Paradigm of Similarity, in the case studied, which revealed the resemblance between products offered to the segment of young people by the IC parishes and evangelical churches analyzed. We also highlight that younger Catholics we interviewed demonstrate greater adaptability to this new way of being of the Catholic Church, as the events have become a form of "sacred entertainment", while the olderones showed a certain lack of knowledge about the similar activities we found out.

This study aims to determine the organization and governance in the transactions of APISMAR beekeepers and describe the honey production chain in Rio Grande do Sul. It is used as a theoretical framework the concept of agroindustrial production chain, the structure-conduct-performance paradigm (SCP), and the theory of transaction cost economics (TCE). The research method used is the descriptive and exploratory with primary data (structured questionnaires applied to the beekeepers and interview conducted with the president of APISMAR) and secundary data. The results showed that the Brazilian honey production has increased in the last few years, and that the state of Rio Grande do Sul is the main producer. The Northern mesaregion, the Central Campanha and the municipality of Santana do Livramento represent 35% of the honey production in the state. The beeking activity in the state is developed by 27 thousand beekeepers, and 50% of the production is exported, mainly to the US, which is the largest honey importer. With regards to APISMAR members, it was found that the production is predominantly concentrated on a small property (1 - 5 ha), which has been involved in this activity for a long time (over 10 years) using hand-operated technology and native flora. Moreover, regarding the structure, the producers have not been diversifying the production nor the product and have considered as their main barrier to the entrance, the difficulties in sales. They have practiced price fixing igual to the average market value and worked on cost reduction. The number of honey producers is concentrated in the extract of 1 to 50 hives and the average honey productivity is 27 kg/hive/year. With regards to the governance in the beekeepers transactions, it was found the prevalence of via market transaction mainly due to the low uncertainty and asset specificity. / Este estudo visa determinar a organização e a governança nas transações dos apicultores associados à APISMAR e descrever a cadeia de produção do mel no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utiliza-se como arcabouço teórico o conceito de cadeia de produção agroindustrial, o modelo estrutura-conduta-desempenho (ECD) e a teoria dos custos de transação (ECT). O método de pesquisa é o descritivo exploratório, com dados primários (questionários estruturados aplicados aos apicultores e entrevista realizada junto ao presidente da APISMAR) e dados secundários. Os resultados mostram que a produção de mel no Brasil vem crescendo nos últimos anos e que o estado do Rio Grande do Sul é o principal produtor. Internamente, destacam-se a mesorregião Noroeste, com 35% da produção de mel; a microrregião da Campanha Central e o município de Santana do Livramento. A atividade apícola no Estado é desenvolvida por 27 mil apicultores e 50% da produção vai diretamente para o exterior, sendo o maior importador os Estados Unidos. Com relação aos associados à APISMAR, constatou-se que predomina a produção em pequena propriedade (de 1 a 5 ha), que estão há vários anos na atividade (a mais de 10 anos) e que utilizam tecnologia manual e flora nativa. Além disso, em relação à estrutura, os produtores não diversificam a produção, não diferenciam o produto e consideraram como principal barreira à entrada a dificuldade na venda. Praticam preços iguais à média do mercado e trabalham a redução de custos. O número de produtores de mel se concentra no extrato de 1 a 50 colméias e a produtividade média é de 27 quilos/colméia/ano. Sobre a governança nas transações dos apicultores, verificou-se que predomina a via mercado, devido, principalmente, à baixa incerteza e especificidade de ativos.

Submitted by AMANDA VELOSO GARCIA null (amanda.hipotenusa@gmail.com) on 2016-11-17T01:30:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Amanda Veloso Garcia.pdf: 2646623 bytes, checksum: 09ea31cf0f744670b1872d38cc36a77e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-11-23T12:44:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_av_me_mar.pdf: 2646623 bytes, checksum: 09ea31cf0f744670b1872d38cc36a77e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-23T12:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_av_me_mar.pdf: 2646623 bytes, checksum: 09ea31cf0f744670b1872d38cc36a77e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nesta dissertação investigamos a relação entre a Filosofia e a prática de escrita de textos de maneira a tratar dos seguintes problemas: Existem formas alternativas de expressão e desenvolvimento da Filosofia além daquelas relacionadas aos recursos da linguagem verbal? Em caso afirmativo, através de que formas a Filosofia poderia se expressar? Como parece haver, na tradição filosófica Ocidental, uma vinculação necessária entre a Filosofia e a linguagem verbal, temos como objetivo repensar as práticas filosóficas dentro da universidade e analisar a potencialidade de pensamentos existente em diversos formatos de pensar. Inicialmente apresentamos as contribuições de uma abordagem inter/multidisciplinar para a Filosofia, de modo a apontar o paradigma da complexidade como um recurso apropriado para investigar problemas filosóficos da contemporaneidade. Entendemos que o paradigma da complexidade tem se delineado de forma a proporcionar uma virada na Filosofia que extrapola o domínio da linguagem verbal. Como um estudo de caso, discutimos características centrais da Filosofia brasileira no contexto da universidade pública. A partir da caracterização da Filosofia na universidade brasileira, analisamos os limites da linguagem verbal como forma de expressão de pensamentos. Por fim, discutimos o potencial de formas não verbais na reflexão filosófica, analisando suas contribuições e limites para o desenvolvimento de um filosofar genuíno. / This thesis investigates the relation between philosophy and the practice of writing texts, in order to examine the following issues: Are there alternative ways of expression and development in philosophy, beyond those related to the resources of verbal language? If so, through what forms could philosophy express itself? As there seems to be a necessary connection between philosophy and verbal language in the Western philosophical tradition, we aim to rethink philosophical practices within the university and to analyze the existing potential of various formats of thinking. Initially, we present the contributions of an inter/multidisciplinary approach to philosophy, pointing to the paradigm of complexity as an appropriate resource for investigating contemporary philosophical problems. We understand that the complexity paradigm has been designed to provide a shift in philosophy that takes it beyond the realm of verbal language. As a case study, we discuss the central features of Brazilian philosophy in the context of the public university. In this context, we analyze the limits of verbal language as an expression of thoughts. Finally, we discuss the potential of non-verbal forms in philosophical reflection, analyzing their contributions and limits for the development of genuine philosophizing.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:23:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1239045 bytes, checksum: 560247cc0a3d8fd05d07905be14f5724 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The historical culture produced by the media of mass communication conveys the idea of the world from the perspective of the big capital, which is the sponsor of the mediatic apparatus that forges the conscience of people, educating them for capitalism. These media, together with those economic interests form a large piece of the cultural production in the contemporary world. The power of the Capital upon the historical culture produced within the society brings harmful consequences for citizenship and democracy. These come to be mere accessories of the economic logic, which works with the principles of the instrumental reason. Our purpose with this thesis is to unfold the conditioning in the historical culture generated by the magazine Veja about the Iraq War that is underlying its speech. We intend to place these facts in the long duration and investigate how much the modern paradigm, responsible for forging the idea of superiority in the Western civilization, is present in the roots of the historical culture induced by this media. We seek to establish some ethical references, attached to multiculturalism emancipatory, in order to criticize the paradigm that legitimizes ideologically the fundamental actions which we intend to analyze. This critique must be used as raw material for the settings of the new conter-hegemonic historical culture. The cultural richness existing in the world may be contemplated, according to the Educational National Plan of the Human Rights in Brazil. / A cultura histórica produzida pelos grandes meios de comunicação de massa veicula uma visão de mundo ligada aos interesses do grande capital, financiador de todo o aparato midiático, que forja a consciência das pessoas, educando-as para o capital. Estas mídias, atreladas a tais interesses econômicos, constituem uma larga parcela da produção cultural no mundo contemporâneo. O poder do capital sobre a cultura histórica produzida na sociedade traz conseqüências danosas para a cidadania e a democracia, que passam a ser meros acessórios da lógica econômica, ligada aos princípios da razão instrumental. Objetivamos, com este trabalho, descortinar os condicionamentos existentes na cultura histórica produzida pela revista Veja acerca da Guerra do Iraque, e que estão subjacentes ao seu discurso, procurando colocar este acontecimento dentro da longa duração e investigando o quanto o paradigma moderno, forjador da idéia de superioridade da civilização ocidental, está presente nas raízes da cultura histórica produzida por esta publicação. Procuramos, também, estabelecer alguns referenciais éticos, atrelados ao multiculturalismo emancipatório, de forma a fazer uma crítica ao paradigma que legitima ideologicamente as ações imperiais que nos propomos a analisar. Esta crítica deve servir de matéria-prima para a configuração de uma nova cultura histórica contra-hegemônica, na qual a riqueza cultural existente no mundo possa ser contemplada, de acordo com o Plano Nacional de Educação em Direitos Humanos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2305795 bytes, checksum: 0e634264f2c488a816479aec2da0cc18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Advances in wireless communication technologies and miniatuziation of mobile devices are leading to great opportunities in the development of applications to explore this new computing frontier. However, the development of applications for such scenarios introduces new challenges, as mobile applications run on resouce-scarce devices and communicate with each other by means of wireless networks, which are characterized by intermittent connections. In order to avoid having to deal with such issues in an ad hoc fashion for every application, middleware platforms are adopted, concealing difficulties raised by mobility from application engineers as much as possible. Due to the asynchronous and loosely coupled communication style, Message-oriented Middleware (MOM) platforms have been commonly adopted for supporting the development of networked mobile applications. However, one of the most significant limitations of current MOM for mobile platforms is that they typically support a single, predefined communication paradigm (e.g., publish/subscribe). Such a restriction limits the scope of applications supported by the middleware. In order to mitigate such a limitation, this paper presents a middleware for mobile devices capable of supporting an extensible set of message-oriented communication paradigms (e.g. tuple spaces, message queue, publish/subscribe). Supported by an integrated architecture, which has been conceived based on a Software Product Line (SPL) approach, the middleware encapsulates common features that deal with mobility issues and provides them as shared, reusable components. Evaluation results show that the overhead introduced by such a multi-paradigm approach is minimal, both in memory footprint and runtime performance. Additionally, an application scenario illustrates how mobile applications may benefit from such an approach. / Os avanços nas tecnologias de comunicação sem fio e a miniaturização dos dispositivos móveis de alta capacidade estão trazendo grandes oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de aplicações que explorem essas novas fronteiras da computação. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento de aplicações nestes cenários traz novos desafios, pois estas operam em dispositivos de recursos limitados e comunicam-se através de redes sem fio, caracterizadas por conexões intermitentes. Para evitar que esses desafios tenham que ser resolvidos de forma improvisada para cada aplicação, plataformas de middleware são utilizadas, liberando os desenvolvedores de aplicações das dificuldades trazidas pela mobilidade. Devido ao seu estilo de comunicação assíncrono e fracamente acoplado, plataformas de Middleware orientado a Mensagens (MOM) têm sido comumente adotadas nestes casos. Entretanto, uma das limitações mais significantes das atuais plataformas de MOM é que elas geralmente dão suporte a um paradigma de comunicação único e predefinido (ex.: publish/subscribe). Essa restrição limita o escopo de aplicações que o middleware pode dar suporte. Para lidar com essa limitação, esta dissertação propõe um middleware para dispositivos móveis capaz de dar suporte a um conjunto extensível de paradigmas de comunicação baseados em mensagens (ex.: espaço de tuplas, filas de mensagens, publish/subscribe). Através de uma arquitetura integrada, a qual foi concebida baseada numa abordagem de Linha de Produto de Software (LPS), o middleware encapsula funcionalidades comuns para lidar com os desafios trazidos pela mobilidade, provendo componentes reusáveis e compartilhados entre os diversos paradigmas. Os resultados da avaliação mostram que o overhead introduzido pela abordagem multi-paradigma é mínimo, tanto em termos de espaço ocupado em memória, quanto em desempenho em tempo de execução. Por fim, com o intuito de ilustrar como aplicações móveis podem se beneficiar dessa abordagem, um cenário de aplicação é descrito.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:51:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielAM_TESE.pdf: 4551921 bytes, checksum: 78231b4f7adec59846b9fe6cce21a5f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-04 / Some authors have shown the need of understanding the technological structuring process in contemporary firms. From this perspective, the software industry is a very important element because it provides products and services directly to many organizations from many fields. In this case, the Brazilian software industry has some peculiarities that distinguish it from other industries located in developed countries, which makes its understanding even more relevant. There is evidence that local firms take different strategies and structural configurations to enter into a market naturally dominated by large multinational firms. Therefore, this study aims to understand not only the structural configurations assumed by domestic firms but also the dynamic and the process that lead to these different configurations. To do so, this PhD dissertation investigates the institutional environment, its entities and the isomorphic movements, by employing an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory multiple cases study. Eight software development companies from the Recife's information technology Cluster were visited. Also, a form was applied and an interview with one of the main firm s professional was conducted. Although the study is predominantly qualitative, part of the data was analyzed through charts and graphs, providing a companies and environment overview that was very useful to analysis done through the interviews interpretation. As a result, it was realized that companies are structured around hybrids business models from two ideal types of software development companies, which are: software factory and technology-based company. Regarding the development process, it was found that there is a balanced distribution between the traditional and agile development paradigm. Among the traditional methodologies, the Rational Unified Process (RUP) is predominant. The Scrum is the most used methodology among the organizations based on the Agile Manifesto's principles. Regarding the structuring process, each institutional entity acts in such way that generates different isomorphic pressure. Emphasis was given to entities such as customers, research agencies, clusters, market-leading businesses, public universities, incubators, software industry organizations, technology vendors, development tool suppliers and manager s school and background because they relate themselves in a close way with the software firms. About this relationship, a dual and bilateral influence was found. Finally, the structuring level of the organizational field has been also identified as low, which gives a chance to organizational actors of acting independently / Alguns autores t?m apontado para a necessidade de se compreender o processo de estrutura??o tecnol?gica nas empresas contempor?neas. Nesta perspectiva, a ind?stria de software tem tido papel fundamental, pois fornecem produtos e servi?os diretamente vinculados ? estrutura??o tecnol?gica de organiza??es das mais diversas ?reas de atua??o. No caso, a ind?stria brasileira de software apresenta algumas particularidades que a diferenciam de outras ind?strias situadas em pa?ses centrais, o que torna seu entendimento ainda mais relevante. H? evid?ncias de que as empresas nacionais assumem configura??es estruturais e estrat?gicas diferenciadas para ocupar esse mercado naturalmente dominado por empresas multinacionais de grande porte. Por essa raz?o, a presente tese tem como objetivo compreender n?o s? as configura??es assumidas pelas empresas nacionais de desenvolvimento de software, como tamb?m a din?mica e o processo que as levam a tal estrutura??o. Para isso, a pesquisa investiga o ambiente institucional, suas entidades e, consequentemente, os movimentos isom?rficos associados ? ind?stria de software, empregando um estudo, fundamentalmente, qualitativo, explorat?rio, descritivo e explicativo, atrav?s da estrat?gia de estudo de m?ltiplos casos. Foram feitas visitas t?cnicas ? 8 empresas do polo de tecnologia da informa??o da regi?o metropolitana de Recife, sendo aplicado um formul?rio e realizada uma entrevista com profissional em cargo de destaque dentro de cada empresa. Apesar de o estudo ser, predominantemente, qualitativo, parte dos dados coletados foi processada atrav?s de tabelas e gr?ficos, fornecendo uma vis?o geral das empresas e do ambiente investigados e subsidiando as an?lises em profundidade feitas a partir da interpreta??o do conte?do obtido com as entrevistas. Como resultado, pode-se dizer que as empresas se estruturam em torno de modelos de neg?cio h?bridos provenientes de dois tipos ideais de empresas de desenvolvimento de software, quais sejam: f?brica de software e empresa de base tecnol?gica. No que diz respeito ao processo produtivo, verificou-se que existe uma distribui??o equilibrada entre o paradigma de desenvolvimento tradicional e o ?gil. Dentre as metodologias tradicionais, a Rational Unified Process (RUP) ? a predominante. J? a metodologia Scrum ? a mais empregada entre empresas estruturadas a partir dos princ?pios do manifesto ?gil. Quanto ao processo de estrutura??o, foi encontrado que as entidades presentes no ambiente institucional atuam de forma diferente umas das outras, gerando for?as isom?rficas distintas e com variada intensidade. Destaque deve ser dado ?s entidades como clientes, ?rg?os de fomento ? pesquisa, arranjos produtivos locais, empresas l?deres de mercado, universidades p?blicas, incubadoras, entidades setoriais, fornecedores de tecnologia para o desenvolvimento de software e escola de forma??o e o background dos gestores, pois esses mant?m estreita rela??o com a estrutura??o das organiza??es investigadas. Acerca dessa rela??o, pode-se dizer que existe dualidade, tornando bilateral o tr?nsito de for?as isom?rficas. Por fim, constatou-se que o campo organizacional identificado ainda possui baixo n?vel de estrutura??o, o que abre espa?o para a a??o aut?noma dos atores organizacionais e, consequentemente, para as empresas de desenvolvimento de software