L’histoire du développement a été marquée par deux grandes révolutions. La révolution néolithique a fait passer l’humanité d’une économie paléolithique organisée autour de la chasse, de la pêche et de la cueillette à une économie néolithique basée sur l’agriculture et l’élevage. Cette première révolution planétaire est caractérisée par le passage d’un mode de vie nomade à un mode de vie sédentaire; lui-même conduisant à terme à la naissance des premières civilisations de l’Antiquité. La révolution industrielle, deuxième révolution planétaire, constitue une seconde rupture. Cette révolution se caractérise par le passage d'une société à dominance agraire à une société à dominance industrielle et urbaine.Dans un contexte de crise globale, qui s’apprécie notamment à l’aune de l’échec patent desOMD, nous posons l’hypothèse d’une troisième révolution planétaire en devenir dont l’ampleur pourrait être comparable aux deux précédentes. Depuis la révolution industrielle, lemonde a connu une croissance économique et démographique sans précédent; entraînant certes des progrès notoires, mais aussi un accroissement exponentiel de son empreinteécologique. À travers l’étude des principaux paradigmes contemporains du développement,nous avons décidé de revisiter prospectivement le modèle onusien. Au carrefour des divers modèles nationaux, l’ONU constitue, nous semble-t-il, le lieu le plus approprié pour aborder cette question. Enfin, dans la mesure où derrière la présente crise globale se cache une crise écologique profonde, nous considérons que le prochain paradigme qui émergera sera, pour les raisons que nous exposons, le fruit d’une dialectique entre les modèles anthropocentriste et biocentriste. / The history of development was marked by two great revolutions. The Neolithic revolution has seen humanity passed of an economy organized around Paleolithic hunting, fishing andgathering to a Neolithic economy based mainly on agriculture and livestock. The first planetary revolution is characterized by the transition from a nomadic to a sedentary lifestyle;himself eventually leading to the birth of the first civilizations of antiquity. The Industrialrevolution, the second planetary revolution, is a second major break in development history.This revolution is essentially characterized by the transition from a predominantly agrariansociety to a predominantly industrial and urban.Against a backdrop of global crisis, including appreciating in terms of the obvious failure ofthe MDGs, we hypothesize a third planetary revolution with a magnitude that could becomparable to the previous two. Since the beginning of industrial revolution, the world hasexperienced an economic and population growth unprecedented, certainly at the origin ofsignificant progress, but also an exponential increase of its ecological footprint. Through thestudy of major contemporary paradigms of development, we prospectively decided to revisitthe UN model and framework. At the crossroads of different national models, the UN is themost appropriate place to address this issue. Finally, since behind this global crisis lies aprofound ecological crisis, we believe that the next paradigm that will emerge, for reasonsthat are set, is going to be the result of a dialectic between anthropocentric models, on onehand, and biocentric models, on the other hand.

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No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Sérgio Gomes de Miranda - 2016.pdf: 8637378 bytes, checksum: 6eeab5ea7bd819bbe01773be72404775 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-09 / This is a nature ethnographic study, produced at a public state school, located in Senador Canedo, with the objective to investigate the conception of language, the literacies and the interdisciplinarity posts in the speeches and teaching practices. His/her participants are eight teachers from different disciplines, working in the evening shift, in high school. The field comprises a period of ten months, since the meetings with the management, coordination and with the teachers of the school, that occurring in the early of January 2015, until the recording of the last interview with the participants, that occurring in the end of October 2015. Its theoretical framework related works from various fields interested in reflecting on the paradigm shift in science in general, and particularly in language studies. Its theoretical framework weaves the critical network of ideologies that cooperate with each other to build the Westerner-European epistemic stabilizer language project. This research seeks to sharp your objectives to the postmodern perspective that intent on building an anti-hegemonic agenda for thinking and doing research in the sciences in general and linguistic studies in particular. For the co-production of the data were used the Questionnaire, the Note-Direct and Semi-Structured Interview. The interaction and analysis of co-produced data revealed that is active in the school an arena of power that located, on the one hand, the system and its constraints to school and to teachers and, on the other hand, the speeches and teaching practices, to adhere to the system or to subversion of this system. Were used as Analysis Categories: Borders; Continuum; Subversive Teaching. As a summary of the analyzes produced, this research found that, despite the unfamiliarity with the concept and the literacies practices, the teacher-participants produce experiences of ideological literacies in their teaching practices. Though the teachers possess greater theoretical depth practice about the notion of interdisciplinarity, even with many constraints that act as inhibitors of the interaction teachers within the school, they assume the risk to produce interdisciplinary experiences. Anyway, it was possible analyze that, even in their speeches are identified traits of modern ideology that understands the language stabilized in the code, in its grammatical structure; in their speeches and in their practices the teacher-participants showed that none of them is failing of the your role to propose to your learners practice of the reading and of the writing texts, as a way to help them to think critically about the language and about your role of symbolic mediation for learning in various branches of knowledge. This time, the teachers revealed that their conception of language and its practices are no longer hegemonic linked to modernity; but are in a field of contradiction: sometimes even tuned to modernity in its stabilizing ideology of language in the code and the grammatical classifications; sometimes even tuned to the anti-hegemonic schedule advocated in this research, a qualitative and ethical proposal of the beholder in education and school a privileged locus to face the challenges presented to us global / locally situated. It is, therefore, a school route at the paradigmatic transformation. / Este é um estudo de cunho etnográfico, produzido em uma escola pública estadual, situada em Senador Canedo, com o objetivo de investigar as concepções de linguagem, os letramentos e a interdisciplinaridade postos nos discursos e nas práticas docentes. Seus/suas participantes foram oito docentes, de distintas disciplinas, que atuavam no turno vespertino, no ensino médio. O campo compreende a um período de dez meses, desde as reuniões com a gestão, a coordenação e com o corpo docente da escola, que ocorreram no início do mês de janeiro de 2015, até a gravação da última entrevista com os/as participantes, que aconteceu no final do mês de outubro de 2015. Seu arcabouço teórico relaciona trabalhos de diversos campos interessados em refletir acerca da mudança paradigmática nas ciências em geral, sobretudo, nos estudos da linguagem. Seu referencial teórico tece a crítica à rede de ideologias que constitui o projeto epistêmico ocidentalista-europeu estabilizador da linguagem. Esta pesquisa afina seus objetivos à perspectiva pós-moderna, que intenciona a construção de uma agenda anti-hegemônica para pensar e fazer a pesquisa nas ciências em geral e nos estudos linguísticos em particular. Para a coprodução dos dados foram utilizados o Questionário, a Observação-Direta e a Entrevista Semiestruturada. A interação e a análise dos dados construídos revelaram que é ativa na escola uma arena de poderes que situa, de um lado, o sistema e suas imposições à escola e aos/às docentes e, de outro lado, os discursos e as práticas docentes, como adesão ao sistema ou como subversão a esse sistema. Foram utilizadas como Categorias de Análise: Fronteiras; Continuum; e Docência Subversiva. Como síntese das análises produzidas, esta pesquisa identificou que, apesar da não familiaridade com o conceito e com as práticas de letramentos, os/as professores/as participantes produzem experiências de letramentos ideológicos em suas ações docentes. Embora os/as docentes possuam maior profundidade teórica que prática quanto à noção de interdisciplinaridade, mesmo com muitos condicionantes que atuam como inibidores das interações docentes dentro da escola, eles/as assumem o risco de produzir experiências interdisciplinares. Enfim, foi possível analisar que, mesmo que em seus discursos sejam identificados traços da ideologia moderna, que compreende a linguagem/língua estabilizada no código, na sua estrutura gramatical, em seus discursos e em suas práticas os/as docentes participantes também demostraram que nenhum/a deles/as se exime do seu papel de propor aos/às seus/suas aprendizes práticas de leitura e de escrita de textos, como uma forma de ajudá-los/as a pensar criticamente a linguagem e seu papel de mediação simbólica para a aprendizagem nos mais diversos ramos do saber. Desta feita, os/as docentes revelaram que sua concepção de linguagem e suas práticas não estão mais hegemonicamente atreladas à modernidade; mas sim, estão no campo da contradição: ora ainda afinadas à modernidade, em sua ideologia estabilizadora da linguagem; ora afinadas à agenda anti-hegemônica defendida nesta pesquisa, como uma proposta qualitativa e ética, de quem vê na educação e na escola um lócus privilegiado para o enfrentamento aos desafios que se nos apresentam global/localmente situados. Tem-se, assim, uma escola no percurso da transformação paradigmática.

How teachers perceived and experienced the implementation of a multilingual approach in their classrooms during the first year of implementation in Switzerland is poorly understood by policy makers and teachers. Findings from three pilot studies conducted before the implementation indicated that teachers had transferred only few aspects of the new multilingual approach into practice. Guided by constructivist learning and third language acquisition theories, this study explored how teachers perceived and experienced the implementation of the multilingual approach. A purposeful criterion sample of primary school English language teachers at Grade 5 who had completed a professional development program was targeted for this qualitative case study. Data were collected from interviews with and classroom observations of 8 teachers. Data analysis, conducted using initial and axial coding, revealed that teachers implemented the multilingual approach by closely following the instructions provided in a teacher manual, but needed more time to conceptualize the teaching and learning materials and to collaborate with other language teachers. These results prompted the development of a project to establish professional learning communities (PLCs). In PLCs, teachers will have time to engage in reflection, collaborate with colleagues, and strengthen teachers' classroom practices. This study has implications for social change as teachers who engage in collaboration with colleagues and reflective practice will positively affect student achievement. Students may be taught by teachers who have the knowledge, skills, and attitude required for a successful implementation of a multilingual approach.

The dissertation examines how medieval poetic tradition was reactivated in the production of poetry from the period between the two world wars—the Polish interwar period, defined here as one of literary transition. The positioning in regard to certain literary conventions and the quest for a new normativity that is so prevalent in interwar poetry is also reflected in the era’s poetry on the theme of Mary. Marian lyrics, owing to their strong position in Polish literature (but also by dint of their role in Polish piety and national identity), serve as an indicator in identifying and defining certain poetic processes. Central to this are the respective relationships of Marian themes to tradition and to the poetic norms of the era: is a given poem located along the traditional axis (if so, which), does it run counter to it, or is it an innovation? The poems analysed—Julian Przyboś’ Heavenly Blue, Jerzy Liebert’s Litany to the Virgin Mary, Tytus Czyżewski’s De profundis, Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska’s The Black Portrait, Józef Czechowicz’ pious rhymes—represent disparate poetic models: the Krakow Avant-garde, Catholic literature, formism/futurism, the circle of Skamander, the Poetics of the Third Sphere in the Second Avant-garde. Reflected here is the broad spectrum of the period’s poetic trends, tendencies, and constellations—as are the historical and literary events of the era. Despite important differences in the poetic/aesthetic models, in these poems it is possible to identify shared characteristics relevant to this study, that is, elements of medieval poetry. The identifying criterion for these elements here is the concept of dogmatic formal language. In the poems medieval poetics are transformed into their own modern form and integrated into the respective poetic models. No other literary epoch offers what the poets are seeking better than poetic formal language modelled on medieval liturgical language. The five poets all participate in what has been called the interwar paradigm shift in Polish poetry—a parameter that only indirectly relates to modernism. The term high modernism (in the sense of the culmination of Polish poetic modernism) can serve to summarize the historical and literary delimitations and definitions in the study. As interwar poetry is indeed part of the definitive emergence and full expansion of modernism in Polish literature, serving as a link between tradition and innovation, such a study of the influence of high modernism and Marian lyrics on each other aspires to reflect general processes in the poetry of the time.

Human society faces many environmental and social threats as a result of systemic unsustainable behaviour and values. The root cause of these problems is our collective lack of awareness and inability to understand the connection between our actions and their consequences. Therefore there is a need to develop an increased perception of interconnectivity to prevent these unintended consequences. This study explores how a learning experience could be designed to develop an interconnected worldview in support of Strategic Sustainable Development. Research examines the concepts and capacities associated with developing an interconnected worldview, and pedagogical approaches for transformational adult learning. Finally, a guiding process is proposed for designing a learning experience in this context.

Here we ask ourselves not where objects come from, but investigate our relationship with what lies beneath the material. Within the Two Point O project, in the Växjö Crisis Edition, the practice of Care Biopics evolves. These individualised interventions bring us face to face with multiple storylines and definitions of an object valued during times of crisis. How does the proposed exploration of Care Biopics, community values and material symbolism facilitate the shift from mindless overconsumption to mindful materialism?Through several aspects of co-creating digital material, definitions and common values, Care Biopics weave a practice of democratic and accessible design. A practice of inclusitivty, caring with and social sustainability. A practice of designing not for, but with the people.

Bakgrund: Flera aktörer anses vara förändringsledare respektive förändringsmottagare, såväl som att föremål för förändringsmotstånd kan tolkas olika. Detta kan i sin tur påverka hur de inblandade hanterar situationen. Primärvårdens situation under Covid-19 pandemin föranledde att tidigare konkurrerande aktörer, tvingades samarbeta för att uppnå ett gemensamt mål. Förevarande uppsats undersöker bland annat hur konkurrenter samspelar när det krävs och hur detta i sin tur kan påverka ledarskap och tidigare paradigm. Vidare utreds vilka utmaningar förändringsledare ställs inför under en omfattande förändring som orsakas av kris, i relation till den undersökta förändringens speciella förutsättningar. Uppsatsen har genomförts ur ett nyanserat perspektiv på förändringsmotstånd där alla dess orsaker och konsekvenser, positiva som negativa, belyses. Det nyanserade perspektivet på motstånd av vikt för att skapa en djupare förståelse kring förändringsledning genom fokus på hur förändringsledaren kan tolka förändringsmottagares intryck och reaktion på en förändring, samt använda förändringsmotstånd som en konstruktiv kraft.Syfte: Studiens syfte är att bidra med en ökad förståelse angående ledarskapets roll under förändringsprocesser som orsakas av kris i primärvården.Metod: Förevarande studie är en fallstudie med en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi, iterativ forskningsansats samt ett hermeneutiskt forskningsperspektiv. Studiens empiri utgörs av åtta semi-strukturerade intervjuer med klusterledare från Region Stockholm.Slutsats: Uppsatsen redogör för att krisen föranlett ett paradigmskifte inom primärvården som har lett till positiva och bestående konsekvenser för vårdgivare och vårdtagare. Vidare konstateras att kriser kräver att ledare hittar en balans mellan olika ledarskapsbeteenden. Uppsatsen redogör även för att en kris ställer krav på en ökad tillgänglighet hos ledaren och det är av vikt att ledare i en krissituation förmedlar ett lugn till medarbetarna. Uppsatsen visar att en ledares inställning till förändringsmottagares åsikter är avgörande i hanteringen av förändringsmotstånd. / Background: Several actors are considered change leaders and change recipients, as well as the subject of resistance can be interpreted differently. This can affect how those involved handle the situation. The situation within primary health care during the Covid-19 pandemic necessitated that previously competing actors were forced to collaborate in order to achieve a common goal. This essay examines how competitors interact when required and how this, in turn, can affect leadership and previous paradigms. Furthermore, it investigates the challenges faced by change leaders during a comprehensive change caused by a crisis, in relation to the specific conditions of the investigated change. The essay has been conducted from a nuanced perspective on resistance to change, where all its causes and consequences, both positive and negative, are illuminated. The nuanced perspective on resistance is important for creating a deeper understanding of change management by focusing on how the change leader can interpret the impressions and reactions of change recipients to a change, and use resistance to change as a constructive force.  Purpose: The purpose of the study is to contribute to an increased understanding of the role of leadership during change processes caused by crises in primary healthcare. Method: The present study is a case study with a qualitative research strategy, iterative research approach, and a hermeneutic research perspective. The empirical data of the study consists of eight semi-structured interviews with cluster leaders from Region Stockholm. Conclusion: The essay explains that the crisis has prompted a paradigm shift in primary care, which has led to positive and lasting consequences for healthcare providers and patients, as well as the emergence of new work methods. Furthermore, it is noted that crises require leaders to find a balance between different leadership behaviors and also explains that a crisis demands increased accessibility from leaders, and it is important for leaders in a crisis situation to convey calmness to their employees. The essay demonstrates that a leader's attitude towards the opinions of change recipients is crucial in managing resistance to change

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Precision medicine (PM) is “the treatment and prevention of disease that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each person” (NIH, 2015). PM was poised to transform clinical practice in 2003 when the Human Genome Project reached completion but resistance to implementation at virtually all health care providers provides the basis for novel study on the diffusion of innovation as well as operational strategy. Existing studies on resistance to PM explore the role of reimbursement, economics, regulatory affairs, and public policies. Investigation into the antecedent conditions for implementation at the physician and organizational levels has been overlooked, a gap this study fills. The research captures the reasons for resistance at the physician and organizational levels and identifies operational strategies for successful implementation at three health care institutions with fully integrated PM programs. The research produced 42 findings with managerial implications and six testable propositions for future research. The dynamics of resistance to PM has revealed key implications for theories of organizational change. These include the observation that the formulation processes of clinical standards of practice in PM are not predicted by prevailing organizational theory; that conventional theories of resistance to change do not fully anticipate the effects of Kuhnian level historic paradigm shifts; and, that communities of practice play a critical role in transformational clinical change. Further, the research demonstrated that PM implementation is characterizable through reproducible organizational and cultural actions; that positive clinical outcomes are measurable and persuasive; and that the needs of stakeholders can be reconciled by aligning physician standards of practice with patient expectations and organizational needs. / Business Administration/Strategic Management

In this thesis I examine current and future uses of Big Data in archaeology. New technologies have enabled a range of data capture, data storage, and analyses. Digitization in our society has brought new ways of working for archaeologists and the increased amount of data affects how we can understand the world. Big Data reshapes the research process and creates new risks and opportunities for digital archaeology. Several sources have been examined in order to understand what this looks like in archaeology, such as articles published in the journal Internet Archaeology, a questionnaire answered by archaeologists and digital humanists, interviews by two representatives of archaeology, one representative of digital humanities and a chatbot.  The archaeological material has become more accessible. Big Data contributes to data-driven science which enforces a paradigm shift. As data is created faster in various ways and to a voluminous extent archaeologists are forced to work with issues related to the management and storage of data. Digital humanists and archaeologists emphasize that Big Data brings efficient working methods and analyses that can contribute with new questions and reliable knowledge. This can increase the relevance of humanities subjects in the research community. That being said, the nature of Big Data often includes quantitative structured data and its result can be characterized as objective and trustworthy. Perceptions of data as bias-free and that Big Data affects theory to become obsolete may jeopardize the use of source criticism. There is a lack of standardization in how to measure and store data in archaeology which contributes to decontextualization of data. I urge that archaeologists should reflect on how cutting edge data-modeling and AI-modeling can assist in the research process as well as how ethical aspects of data should be considered in order not to risk interpretations overlooking people, places and practices.