• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 19
  • 11
  • 4
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 38
  • 38
  • 38
  • 38
  • 15
  • 14
  • 11
  • 11
  • 9
  • 9
  • 9
  • 8
  • 7
  • 7
  • 7
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Evaluation of a diabetes education program

Liangrugsa, Nuanladda, 1961- January 1990 (has links)
No description available.
22

A meta-analysis of effects of participation in internet support groups on outcomes related to chronic illness /

Robinson, Barbara Phillips. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-65). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
23

Tecnologia educativa de cuidados para o pós-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica: uma ferramenta para o paciente e família / Educational technology for postoperative care after CABG: a tool for patients and family.

Luana Llagostera Sillano Gentil 18 November 2013 (has links)
Introdução: Sabe-se que pacientes e famílias beneficiam-se de orientações educativas no período de pós-operatório de revascularização miocárdica. Deste modo, desenvolver uma ferramenta de ensino para ser utilizado neste período contribui para o melhor conhecimento sobre o autocuidado no domicílio, otimiza a recuperação e diminui o estresse destes indivíduos comum nesta etapa. Existem diversas ferramentas de ensino utilizadas para a orientação do paciente/família antes da alta hospitalar, entretanto, no Brasil, a produção de materiais fundamentados com orientações fidedignas e significativas, com a participação da população alvo, de expertise na área de cardiologia e com rigor metodológico para a construção destas ferramentas, ainda representa uma lacuna na produção do conhecimento. Objetivos: O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi elaborar uma ferramenta educativa que auxilie no autocuidado de paciente revascularizado e família após a alta hospitalar e os específicos foram sistematizar, identificar, estruturar o conteúdo da ferramenta educativa e validar a adequação da linguagem, conteúdo e ilustrações da mesma com a participação de paciente/familiares e peritos em cardiologia. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem metodológica que contou com a participação de 35 pacientes/famílias e oito peritos na primeira fase e na terceira fase oito pacientes/famílias e peritos. Estes foram representados por enfermeiros, cardiologista clínico, fisioterapeuta, nutricionista, farmacêutico clínico, psicólogo. A construção se deu em três diferentes fases: na primeira organizou-se o conteúdo da cartilha mediante a revisão da literatura, a coleta de informações entre o grupo de paciente/família e entre os peritos em cardiologia; na segunda se deu a construção da ferramenta educativa piloto baseada nos dados da fase anterior, tendo como base as informações coletadas e sistematizadas pelos princípios teóricos de Orem e organizadas pelo referencial metodológico de Pasquali; a terceira fase consistiu da apresentação da ferramenta educativa piloto aos pacientes/familiares e peritos em cardiologia para validação do conteúdo, linguagem e ilustrações com a utilização de um instrumento desenvolvido para este fim. Após conclusão desta etapa foram realizadas a construção da ferramenta educativa aperfeiçoada, a diagramação e a impressão da versão final. Resultados: Os itens que foram frequentemente identificados para inclusão na ferramenta se referem ao uso correto dos medicamentos e as alternativas para conter os gastos com estes, cuidados com a alimentação, com a dieta e com o uso de bebidas alcoólicas, realização de atividades físicas e atividades de vida diária, cuidados com a ferida operatória, identificação de intercorrências e direcionamento à serviços de saúdes, retorno à consulta médica e orientações sobre adaptação psicológica e enfrentamento das dificuldades no pós-operatório. Conclusão: A construção e validação da ferramenta educativa focada no autocuidado, poderá ser útil em pesquisas futuras para aumentar as estratégias de enfrentamento dos pacientes/famílias e otimizar o planejamento da alta pelos profissionais da saúde. / Introduction: It is well known that patients and families benefit from educational orientations while recovering from coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Therefore, developing a teaching tool to be used during this period contributes to a better understanding of self-care at home, optimizes recovery, and decreases stress, a symptom common to these individuals at this stage. There are several teaching tools used to guide the patient/ family prior to discharge. However, in Brazil, the production of materials based on reliable guidelines, with the participation of the target population and experts in cardiology, and adequate methodology still represents a gap in knowledge production. Objectives: The general objective of this research was to develop an educational tool to assist in the self-care of patients undergoing CABG and their families after discharge. Specific objetives were to systematize, identify, and structurize the content of an educational tool and validate the appropriateness of language, content and illustrations, with the participation of patients/families and experts in cardiology. Method: This is a study of methodological approach that included the participation of 35 patients/families and eight experts in the first phase, and eight patients/families and experts in the third phase. The experts were represented by nurses, clinical cardiologists, physiotherapist, dietician, clinical pharmacist, and a psychologist. The construction took place in three different phases: in the first phase the contents of the booklet were organized through a review of the literature and collection of information from the group of patients/families and among experts in cardiology; in the second phase an educational pilot tool was constructed based on data from the previous phase, with the information collected and systematized by the theoretical principles of Orem and organized by the methodological framework of Pasquali; the third phase consisted of the presentation of the pilot educational tool for patients/families and experts in cardiology for validation of content, language and graphics, using a tool developed for this purpose. This led to the construction of an improved educational tool with a revised layout, and the final version was printed. Results: The items that were frequently identified for inclusion in the tool refer to the correct use of medications and alternatives to contain spending on these, nutritional care, use of alcohol, physical activities and activities of daily living, wound care, identifying and targeting the complications of home health services, return to medical consultation, and guidance on psychological adjustment and coping difficulties postoperatively. Conclusions: The construction and validation of an educational tool focused on self-care may be useful in future research to increase the coping strategies of patients/ families and optimize discharge planning by health professionals.
24

Avaliação da eficácia do automanejo no controle da asma / Evaluation of self-management efficacy of asthma control

Angelini, Luciene 09 March 2010 (has links)
Introdução: A educação em saúde é considerada essencial no controle da asma. A implantação de um programa de educação (PE) com automanejo tem impacto positivo na melhora da qualidade de assistência em asma. Entretanto, os benefícios de um PE ainda são controversos em função das barreiras estruturais. Objetivo: Avaliar o controle clínico de pacientes submetidos a um programa de automanejo associado automonitorização e auto-tratamento comparando-os com dois grupos em atendimento ambulatorial de rotina, com e sem aplicação de um PE. Ainda, mensurar o conhecimento da doença e técnica inalatória, os índices de qualidade de vida, sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e a alfabetização funcional em saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo aleatorizado, controlado, de grupos paralelos, alocados em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), educação (GE) e automanejo (GA) durante um período de doze meses. Foram incluídos 110 pacientes com asma persistente moderada e grave. O PE foi oferecido para pequenos grupos nos dias de consulta, e consistiu de aulas expositivas divididas em módulos: (1) fisiopatologia e controle ambiental; (2) sinais/sintomas da asma; (3) tratamento e treinamento da técnica inalatória. O GA ainda recebeu um diário de sintomas e um plano de ação individualizado por escrito. Para avaliar o controle da doença foi utilizado a média de pontos do teste de controle da asma (ACT) e o percentual de pacientes com escore 20. Outros questionários incluídos foram: conhecimento sobre a doença (QCA), qualidade de vida relacionada à asma (AQLQ-s), escala hospitalar de ansiedade e depressão (HADS) e o teste de alfabetização funcional (s-TOFHLA). Resultados: Em dois anos, 84 pacientes completaram o estudo. Os grupos eram homogêneos em relação às características basais. A média do ACT aumentou de 14 para 18 pontos, sendo que 48% dos pacientes do GA atingiram o controle da asma. Os GA e GE aumentaram o conhecimento da doença e técnica inalatória para 100%. E os sintomas de ansiedade diminuíram em 14% e 12%, respectivamente. O escore do AQLQ-s foi clinicamente relevante com aumento significativo maior que 0,5 pontos nos dois grupos. O s-TOFLHA foi classificado como alfabetização em saúde adequada com escore médio de 76 pontos. Conclusões: PE associado automanejo durante a rotina de atendimento ambulatorial mostrou impacto relevante sobre a melhora clínica de pacientes portadores de asma moderada e grave. O PE aumentou o conhecimento sobre a doença e tratamento medicamentoso, com melhora da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e os sintomas de ansiedade. Nesta população os pacientes apresentaram adequada alfabetização funcional em saúde. / Background: Health education is considered essential in asthma control. The implementation of an education program (EP) with self-management has a positive impact on improving the quality of care in asthma. However, the benefits of an EP are still controversial according of structural barriers. Objective: Evaluate the clinical control of patients submitted a self-management program associated with selfmonitoring and self-treatment comparing with two groups during the routine outpatient visits with and without the EP application. Also, measure the disease knowledge and inhalation technique, the indices of quality of life, symptoms of anxiety and depression and functional health literacy. Methods: This was a randomized study, controlled, divided into three groups: control group (CG), education (EG) and self-management (AG) during twelve months. The study included 110 patients with moderate and severe persistent asthma. The EP was applied to small groups on outpatient visit days, consisted of lectures divided into three parts: (1) pathophysiology and environmental control; (2) asthma symptoms; (3) treatment and training in the inhalation technique. The AG also received a symptoms diary card and written personal asthma action plan. Disease control was measured by the score of asthma control test (ACT) and the percentage of patients with scores 20. Other questionnaires included: disease knowledge (UDQ), asthma quality of life (AQLQ-s), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and functional literacy health test (s- TOFHLA). Results: In two years, 84 patients completed the study. Groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The mean ACT increased from 14 to 18 points, with 48% of patients in the AG achieved better control of asthma. The AG and EG increased disease knowledge and inhalation technique up to 100%. And the anxiety symptoms decreased 14% and 12%, respectively. The AQLQ-s score was clinically relevant with a significant increase of more than 0.5 points in both groups. The s- TOFLHA was classified as adequate health literacy with a mean score of 76 points. Conclusions: EP associated with self-management during routine outpatient visit showed significant impact on the clinical improvement in patients with moderate to severe asthma. The EP increased knowledge about the disease and drug treatment, with improvement in quality of life and symptoms of anxiety. In this population patients had adequate functional health literacy.
25

Feasibility of an educational intervention program on managing the nutrition impact symptom cluster in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma during radiotherapy

January 2016 (has links)
"Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in southern China. Despite the improvement in radiotherapy (RT) technology, NPC patients still suffer from numerous and simultaneous distressing symptoms. / Aims: The aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention program (an educational intervention program) in managing the most distressing symptom cluster (nutrition impact symptom cluster) in NPC patients during RT. / Methods: The study was carried out in two parts. Part I consisted of groundwork research (n = 130) using a cross-sectional design to identify the most distressing symptom cluster. An instrument validation was also conducted at this point. Part II covered the development process and pilot testing of an educational intervention program, guided by the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework, to manage the nutrition impact symptom cluster identified in Part I. First, to inform development of the intervention, a systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of psychoeducational intervention (PEI), which includes the educational intervention, in managing symptom clusters in patients with generic cancers. Second, a descriptive qualitative study was conducted through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 25 NPC patients and 16 health professionals, separately, to provide further help in developing the intervention by investigating patients’ self-care experience and current clinical practice in managing the nutrition impact symptom cluster. Third, the feasibility and estimated effectiveness of the educational intervention program was explored in a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) (n = 40). Outcome measures, including severity of the nutrition impact symptom cluster, body weight, functional performance and quality of life (QOL), were assessed at baseline, week 3 of RT and at the end of RT. Inferential statistics, such as independent t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and the generalized estimating equation (GEE) model, were used to compare the baseline and various outcome variables between groups. / Results: In Part I, the Chinese version of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory - Head and Neck Module (MDASI-HN-C) was found to be a reliable and valid instrument. The same dataset then revealed four symptom clusters in NPC patients during RT; the nutrition impact cluster was identified as the most distressing, and was thus chosen as the target outcome of the intervention. In Part II, the systematic review found that PEI, in particular, patient education, was a promising intervention to manage cancer symptom clusters. Then, the findings of the qualitative study further informed and guided the development of an educational intervention program. The pilot RCT found that the conducting the program in a clinical setting was feasible and well received by patients. It also had some favorable effects on managing the nutrition impact symptom cluster, in terms of relieving the cluster itself (Cohen’s d = -0.37), and improving the physical well-being (Cohen’s d = -0.15) and head and neck cancer (HNC) specific QOL (Cohen’s d = -0.05). / Conclusion: The implementation of the educational intervention program appears to be feasible with NPC patients during RT, showing some effect in improving the nutrition impact symptom cluster. A future full-scale study with an adequate sample is warranted." / 研究背景:鼻咽癌在中國南部高發。儘管放療技術在進步,鼻咽癌病人在接受放療期間仍然存在著各種同時出現的症狀困擾。 / 研究目的:本研究旨在測試一個健康教育干預項目在管理鼻咽癌病人放療期間最嚴重的營養相關症狀群的可行性。 / 研究方法:本研究分為兩個部分。第一部分採用橫斷面的研究方法(n = 130),目的是為了找出最嚴重的症狀群,包括檢驗一個量表的信效度。第二部分包括健康教育干預專案的設計和預實驗。首先,研究者做了一個系統評價來評估心理及健康教育干預對管理癌症病人症狀群的效果。然後,研究者又做了一個質性研究,通過與25名鼻咽癌放療病人和16名醫護人員面對面訪談來瞭解目前營養相關症狀群的管理現狀,以便為干預的設計提供進一步線索。最後,研究者做了一個隨機對照試驗的預實驗(n = 40),來評價本研究所設計的健康教育干預專案的可行性。研究指標包括營養相關症狀群的嚴重性、體重、功能水準以及生活品質,並於干預前、放療第3周以及放療結束進行測量。統計推斷方法包括獨立樣本t檢驗、卡方檢驗、Fisher確切概率法和廣義估計方程模型,用以比較組間差異。 / 研究結果:第一部分的研究結果表明,中文版的M. D. Anderson症狀調查表(頭頸)的信效度良好。此外,四個症狀群被發現,其中以營養相關症狀群最為嚴重,因此被選為本研究的干預目標。第二部分,通過系統評價,研究者發現心理及健康教育干預,尤其是健康教育對管理癌症病人的症狀群有一定效果。接著,質性研究的結果進一步提示了健康教育干預項目的必要性,並為該專案的設計提供了具體方案。最後,預實驗表明本研究所設計的健康教育干預專案是可行的並受病人歡迎。該項目在減輕營養相關症狀群(Cohen’s d = -0.37)以及提高與身體(Cohen’s d = -0.15)和頭頸癌相關(Cohen’s d = -0.05)的生活品質上有一定效果。 / 研究結論:本研究所設計的健康教育干預專案是可行的,並對管理鼻咽癌病人放療期間的營養相關症狀群有一定效果。將來需要做一個大規模的研究來驗證該項目的有效性。" / Xiao, Wenli. / Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2016. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-250). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on 01, February, 2018). / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
26

Estudo da eficácia de um programa de educação na higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores de uso domiciliar de pacientes com fibrose cística / Study of the effectiveness of an education program on hygiene and disinfection of home nebulizers of patients with cystic fibrosis

Della-Zuana, Adriana 25 February 2014 (has links)
Pacientes com fibrose cística (FC) apresentam infecções respiratórias recorrentes e crônicas por patógenos peculiares e realizam inalações diariamente como parte de seu tratamento. É reconhecido que patógenos específicos são comumente isolados nestes nebulizadores e existe uma preocupação de que estes equipamentos possam contribuir como fonte de infecção bacteriana para as vias aéreas inferiores. Objetivo: Descrever os patógenos encontrados nos nebulizadores de uso domiciliar e nas amostras de trato respiratório de pacientes com FC e verificar a eficácia de uma técnica padronizada de higiene e desinfecção destes nebulizadores na redução da contaminação dos mesmos. Método: Quarenta pacientes com FC (22M:18F) com mediana de idade de 11,2 ± 3,74 anos e que utilizavam o nebulizador PRONEB/sistema PARI foram incluídos no estudo. Amostras dos nebulizadores foram coletadas do bocal e do copo reservatório utilizando-se um swab estéril umedecido em solução salina estéril. As amostras de trato respiratório dos pacientes foram colhidas por expectoração em coletor estéril ou com swab de orofaringe após estímulo de tosse. As culturas foram realizadas em meios seletivos e a identificação bacteriana feita através de provas bioquímicas clássicas. Instruções verbais e escritas de higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores foram ministradas. Resultados: A contaminação de alguma parte dos nebulizadores foi observada em 23/40 casos (57,5%). A contaminação do bocal e do copo foi similar, observada em 16 e 19 casos, respectivamente. Os patógenos mais comumente identificados foram Bacilos Gram negativos não fermentadores (sem identificação) (14), Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (13), Leveduras (12), Enterobacter sp. (5), Pseudomonas putida (7) e complexo Burkholderia cepacia (3). Nas amostras de trato respiratório houve um predomínio de Staphylococcus aureus (29), seguido de Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20) e complexo Burkholderia cepacia (3). Em 4 casos observou-se a identificação de um mesmo patógeno em amostras do nebulizador e do trato respiratório. Uma redução significativa da contaminação (43,5%) foi encontrada após instrução de técnica padronizada de higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores, num prazo médio de reavaliação de dois meses. Conclusões: A prevalência de contaminação dos nebulizadores é alta, o que indica a necessidade de melhoria nas práticas de higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores de pacientes com FC. Uma única intervenção educacional pode ter impacto significativo / Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have chronic and recurrent respiratory infections by peculiar pathogens and perform inhalations daily as part of their treatment. It is recognized that specific pathogens are commonly isolated in these nebulizers and there is concern that these devices can contribute as a source of bacterial infection to the lower airways. Objective: To describe the pathogens found in home use of nebulizers and in respiratory samples of CF patients and evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized hygiene and disinfection in reducing the contamination. Methods: Forty patients with CF (22M: 18F) with a median age of 11.2 ± 3.74 years and who used the nebulizer Proneb / PARI system were included in the study. Samples were collected from the nebulizer mouthpiece and cup container using a sterile swab moistened with sterile saline. The respiratory samples of patients were collected by expectoration into a sterile swab or oropharyngeal after stimulation of cough. The cultures were performed on selective media and bacterial identification made by classical biochemical tests. Written and oral instructions regarding cleaning and disinfection of nebulizers were provided. Results: The contamination of any part of the nebulizer was observed in 23/40 cases (57.5%). Contamination of the mouthpiece and the cup container was similarly observed on 16 and 19 cases, respectively. The pathogens most commonly identified were Gram negative fermenters (unmarked) (14), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (13), yeast (12), Enterobacter sp. (5) Pseudomonas putida (7) and Burkholderia cepacia (3). In respiratory samples there was a predominance of Staphylococcus aureus (29), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20) and Burkholderia cepacia (3). In four cases we observed the same identifying a pathogen in samples of the nebulizer and the respiratory tract. A significant reduction of contamination (43,5%) was found after instruction of standard procedures of hygiene and disinfection of nebulizers, within an average of two months revaluation. Conclusions: The prevalence of contamination of nebulizers is high, which indicates the need for improvement in hygiene practices and disinfection of nebulizers for patients with CF. A single educational intervention may have significant impact
27

Estudo da eficácia de um programa de educação na higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores de uso domiciliar de pacientes com fibrose cística / Study of the effectiveness of an education program on hygiene and disinfection of home nebulizers of patients with cystic fibrosis

Adriana Della-Zuana 25 February 2014 (has links)
Pacientes com fibrose cística (FC) apresentam infecções respiratórias recorrentes e crônicas por patógenos peculiares e realizam inalações diariamente como parte de seu tratamento. É reconhecido que patógenos específicos são comumente isolados nestes nebulizadores e existe uma preocupação de que estes equipamentos possam contribuir como fonte de infecção bacteriana para as vias aéreas inferiores. Objetivo: Descrever os patógenos encontrados nos nebulizadores de uso domiciliar e nas amostras de trato respiratório de pacientes com FC e verificar a eficácia de uma técnica padronizada de higiene e desinfecção destes nebulizadores na redução da contaminação dos mesmos. Método: Quarenta pacientes com FC (22M:18F) com mediana de idade de 11,2 ± 3,74 anos e que utilizavam o nebulizador PRONEB/sistema PARI foram incluídos no estudo. Amostras dos nebulizadores foram coletadas do bocal e do copo reservatório utilizando-se um swab estéril umedecido em solução salina estéril. As amostras de trato respiratório dos pacientes foram colhidas por expectoração em coletor estéril ou com swab de orofaringe após estímulo de tosse. As culturas foram realizadas em meios seletivos e a identificação bacteriana feita através de provas bioquímicas clássicas. Instruções verbais e escritas de higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores foram ministradas. Resultados: A contaminação de alguma parte dos nebulizadores foi observada em 23/40 casos (57,5%). A contaminação do bocal e do copo foi similar, observada em 16 e 19 casos, respectivamente. Os patógenos mais comumente identificados foram Bacilos Gram negativos não fermentadores (sem identificação) (14), Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (13), Leveduras (12), Enterobacter sp. (5), Pseudomonas putida (7) e complexo Burkholderia cepacia (3). Nas amostras de trato respiratório houve um predomínio de Staphylococcus aureus (29), seguido de Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20) e complexo Burkholderia cepacia (3). Em 4 casos observou-se a identificação de um mesmo patógeno em amostras do nebulizador e do trato respiratório. Uma redução significativa da contaminação (43,5%) foi encontrada após instrução de técnica padronizada de higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores, num prazo médio de reavaliação de dois meses. Conclusões: A prevalência de contaminação dos nebulizadores é alta, o que indica a necessidade de melhoria nas práticas de higiene e desinfecção dos nebulizadores de pacientes com FC. Uma única intervenção educacional pode ter impacto significativo / Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have chronic and recurrent respiratory infections by peculiar pathogens and perform inhalations daily as part of their treatment. It is recognized that specific pathogens are commonly isolated in these nebulizers and there is concern that these devices can contribute as a source of bacterial infection to the lower airways. Objective: To describe the pathogens found in home use of nebulizers and in respiratory samples of CF patients and evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized hygiene and disinfection in reducing the contamination. Methods: Forty patients with CF (22M: 18F) with a median age of 11.2 ± 3.74 years and who used the nebulizer Proneb / PARI system were included in the study. Samples were collected from the nebulizer mouthpiece and cup container using a sterile swab moistened with sterile saline. The respiratory samples of patients were collected by expectoration into a sterile swab or oropharyngeal after stimulation of cough. The cultures were performed on selective media and bacterial identification made by classical biochemical tests. Written and oral instructions regarding cleaning and disinfection of nebulizers were provided. Results: The contamination of any part of the nebulizer was observed in 23/40 cases (57.5%). Contamination of the mouthpiece and the cup container was similarly observed on 16 and 19 cases, respectively. The pathogens most commonly identified were Gram negative fermenters (unmarked) (14), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (13), yeast (12), Enterobacter sp. (5) Pseudomonas putida (7) and Burkholderia cepacia (3). In respiratory samples there was a predominance of Staphylococcus aureus (29), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20) and Burkholderia cepacia (3). In four cases we observed the same identifying a pathogen in samples of the nebulizer and the respiratory tract. A significant reduction of contamination (43,5%) was found after instruction of standard procedures of hygiene and disinfection of nebulizers, within an average of two months revaluation. Conclusions: The prevalence of contamination of nebulizers is high, which indicates the need for improvement in hygiene practices and disinfection of nebulizers for patients with CF. A single educational intervention may have significant impact
28

Avaliação da aprendizagem de pacientes portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica submetidos a um programa educativo / Learning evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after an educational program

Souza, George Márcio da Costa e [UNIFESP] 31 December 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-31 / Introdução: A educação de pacientes portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) é parte fundamental nos programas de reabilitação pulmonar e objetiva um melhor manejo com a doença. Objetivo: Avaliar a aprendizagem de pacientes com DPOC submetidos a um programa educativo. Método: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo com portadores de DPOC acompanhados ambulatorialmente submetidos a um programa educativo padronizado. Para avaliar a intervenção foram utilizados questionários de avaliação do conhecimento. De qualidade de vida (AQ20 e SF36), nível de ansiedade e depressão (IDATE e Beck). Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados: Observamos após o programa educativo, aumento no número de acertos do questionário de conhecimento sobre a doença variando de 59,58% para 91,25% (p < 0,001), melhor performance nas técnicas corretas de conservação de energia; maior número de acertos na utilização da medicação inalatória, variando de 6,5 + 1,6 para 10,25 + 1,52 (p = 0,002) com relação à utilização do nebulímetro pressurizado sem espaçador, de 6,7 + 0,9 para 9,3 + 0,6 (p<0,001) para a utilização do nebulímetro pressurizado com espaçador, a utilização do inalador de pó seco, de 8,9 + 0,4 para 9,8 + 0,2 (p<0,001). Não encontramos alteração na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e nem nos níveis de ansiedade e depressão. Conclusão: Um programa educativo estruturado atua como adjuvante eficaz no plano de tratamento dos pacientes com DPOC, dotando-os de importantes conhecimentos a respeito de sua doença e podendo mudar hábitos inadequados de saúde. / Introduction: The education of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – COPD patients is a fundamental part of pulmonary rehabilitation programs and it aims a better disease management. Objectives: To assess the learning capacity of COPD patients undergoing an educational program. Methods: A prospective study was performed with COPD patients at the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Lar Escola São Francisco, Brazil submitted to a educational program. Results: There was an increase in the number of correct questions to the questionnaire related to knowledge of the disease (59,58% to 91,25%; p < 0,001); a better performance in two activities of daily life (13,6% to 63,6%; p < 0,001 and 9,1% to 36,4%; p < 0,01). We observed a greater number of correct responses after the educational program; the mean went up from 6.5 ± 1.0 to 10.25 ± 0.96 (p = 0.002) when a pressurized nebulizer without a spacer was used, and from 6.7 ± 1.3 to 9.3 ± 0.9 (p < 0.001) when a nebulizer with a spacer was employed; the mean number of correct responses when using a dry powder inhaler increased from 8.9 ± 0.8 to 9.8 ± 0.2 (p < 0.001). We found no alterations in health quality or anxiety and depression levels. Conclusion: We concluded that a structured educational program acts as an important aid in treating COPD patients, providing them with essential knowledge about their disease and possibly leading to a change of improper health habits. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
29

Avaliação da eficácia do automanejo no controle da asma / Evaluation of self-management efficacy of asthma control

Luciene Angelini 09 March 2010 (has links)
Introdução: A educação em saúde é considerada essencial no controle da asma. A implantação de um programa de educação (PE) com automanejo tem impacto positivo na melhora da qualidade de assistência em asma. Entretanto, os benefícios de um PE ainda são controversos em função das barreiras estruturais. Objetivo: Avaliar o controle clínico de pacientes submetidos a um programa de automanejo associado automonitorização e auto-tratamento comparando-os com dois grupos em atendimento ambulatorial de rotina, com e sem aplicação de um PE. Ainda, mensurar o conhecimento da doença e técnica inalatória, os índices de qualidade de vida, sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e a alfabetização funcional em saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo aleatorizado, controlado, de grupos paralelos, alocados em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), educação (GE) e automanejo (GA) durante um período de doze meses. Foram incluídos 110 pacientes com asma persistente moderada e grave. O PE foi oferecido para pequenos grupos nos dias de consulta, e consistiu de aulas expositivas divididas em módulos: (1) fisiopatologia e controle ambiental; (2) sinais/sintomas da asma; (3) tratamento e treinamento da técnica inalatória. O GA ainda recebeu um diário de sintomas e um plano de ação individualizado por escrito. Para avaliar o controle da doença foi utilizado a média de pontos do teste de controle da asma (ACT) e o percentual de pacientes com escore 20. Outros questionários incluídos foram: conhecimento sobre a doença (QCA), qualidade de vida relacionada à asma (AQLQ-s), escala hospitalar de ansiedade e depressão (HADS) e o teste de alfabetização funcional (s-TOFHLA). Resultados: Em dois anos, 84 pacientes completaram o estudo. Os grupos eram homogêneos em relação às características basais. A média do ACT aumentou de 14 para 18 pontos, sendo que 48% dos pacientes do GA atingiram o controle da asma. Os GA e GE aumentaram o conhecimento da doença e técnica inalatória para 100%. E os sintomas de ansiedade diminuíram em 14% e 12%, respectivamente. O escore do AQLQ-s foi clinicamente relevante com aumento significativo maior que 0,5 pontos nos dois grupos. O s-TOFLHA foi classificado como alfabetização em saúde adequada com escore médio de 76 pontos. Conclusões: PE associado automanejo durante a rotina de atendimento ambulatorial mostrou impacto relevante sobre a melhora clínica de pacientes portadores de asma moderada e grave. O PE aumentou o conhecimento sobre a doença e tratamento medicamentoso, com melhora da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e os sintomas de ansiedade. Nesta população os pacientes apresentaram adequada alfabetização funcional em saúde. / Background: Health education is considered essential in asthma control. The implementation of an education program (EP) with self-management has a positive impact on improving the quality of care in asthma. However, the benefits of an EP are still controversial according of structural barriers. Objective: Evaluate the clinical control of patients submitted a self-management program associated with selfmonitoring and self-treatment comparing with two groups during the routine outpatient visits with and without the EP application. Also, measure the disease knowledge and inhalation technique, the indices of quality of life, symptoms of anxiety and depression and functional health literacy. Methods: This was a randomized study, controlled, divided into three groups: control group (CG), education (EG) and self-management (AG) during twelve months. The study included 110 patients with moderate and severe persistent asthma. The EP was applied to small groups on outpatient visit days, consisted of lectures divided into three parts: (1) pathophysiology and environmental control; (2) asthma symptoms; (3) treatment and training in the inhalation technique. The AG also received a symptoms diary card and written personal asthma action plan. Disease control was measured by the score of asthma control test (ACT) and the percentage of patients with scores 20. Other questionnaires included: disease knowledge (UDQ), asthma quality of life (AQLQ-s), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and functional literacy health test (s- TOFHLA). Results: In two years, 84 patients completed the study. Groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The mean ACT increased from 14 to 18 points, with 48% of patients in the AG achieved better control of asthma. The AG and EG increased disease knowledge and inhalation technique up to 100%. And the anxiety symptoms decreased 14% and 12%, respectively. The AQLQ-s score was clinically relevant with a significant increase of more than 0.5 points in both groups. The s- TOFLHA was classified as adequate health literacy with a mean score of 76 points. Conclusions: EP associated with self-management during routine outpatient visit showed significant impact on the clinical improvement in patients with moderate to severe asthma. The EP increased knowledge about the disease and drug treatment, with improvement in quality of life and symptoms of anxiety. In this population patients had adequate functional health literacy.
30

La simulation en éducation thérapeutique des patients : Recommandations des conditions d’utilisation et compétences visées. / Simulation in patient education : Recommendations of the conditions of use and skills referred to.

Penneçot, Christelle 27 September 2019 (has links)
Résumé :Introduction: Les recherches sur l’Education Thérapeutique du Patient (ETP) montrent qu’elle peut encore gagner à développer l’ensemble des compétences des patients en utilisant des méthodes pédagogiques interactives. La simulation est rarement utilisée pour aider les personnes atteintes de maladies chroniques à développer ces compétences. L’objectif du travail de thèse était de promouvoir l'utilisation de la simulation dans l'éducation thérapeutique des patients (S-ETP) par : i) la réalisation d’une conférence de consensus sur le sujet et ii) la réalisation d’une étude pilote de la S-ETP.Méthode: Un consensus d'experts a été obtenu avec la participation des patients et des proches aidants experts; des professionnels de la santé spécialisés experts en (ETP) et des experts en simulation. Chaque recommandation a été soumise à un examen exhaustif de la littérature. La qualité des éléments de preuve et la solidité des recommandations ont été évaluées au moyen de critères d'évaluation [GRADE]. L’étude pilote est réalisée sur un échantillon de 24 patients diabètiques dans le but de tester sa faisabilité.Résultats: A la fin du consensus, les experts ont identifié 26 recommandations spécifiques à l'utilisation de la S-ETP. Ils ont proposé des exemples de compétences dans différentes maladies et ont insisté sur l'importance d'adapter les conditions d'utilisation (emplacement, équipement, temps des soins) aux circonstances de l'apprenant et des compétences du patient à développer. Les experts doivent faire preuve d'une grande prudence car cette technique présente des conditions éthiques. L’essai de faisabilité a permis d’étudier la faisabilité de la S-ETP auprés des patients et des soignants.Conclusion: Ces recommandations soulignent le fait que la simulation pourrait apporter une valeur ajoutée en ETP. Elles fournissent le premier cadre pour l'utilisation de la simulation en ETP. La recherche sur la faisabilité et l'acceptabilité de l’utilisation de cette méthode auprès des patients, s’est basé sur le consensus d’expert. Cette étape était nécessaire avant d’évaluer l’efficience et d’établir une taxonomie de la S-ETP. / Abstract :Abstract :Introduction: Research in TPE shows that it can still benefit from developing the full range of patient skills through the use of interactive teaching methods. Simulation is rarely used to help individuals with chronic diseases to develop these skills. The objective of the thesis work was to promote the use of simulation in patient therapeutic education by: (i) conducting a consensus conference on the subject and (ii) conducting a pilot study of S-ETP.(S-TPE).Methods: Expert consensus was achieved with the participation of expert patients and caregivers; health professionals specialized in TPE; and simulation experts. Each recommendation was subject to an extensive literature review. The quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations were assessed through the evaluation, development and evaluation criteria categories [GRADE criteria].The pilot study is being conducted on a sample of 24 diabetic patients in order to test its feasibility.Results: At the end of the consensus, the experts identified 26 recommendations specific to the use of S-TPE. They proposed examples of skills in different diseases and stressed the importance of adapting the conditions of use (location, equipment, time of the care) to the circumstances of the patient learner and skills to be developed. Experts should exercise great caution as this technique presents ethical requirements.Conclusion: These recommendations underline the fact that simulation could bring added value to TPE. They provide the first framework of the use of simulation in TPE. Research on the feasibility and acceptability of using this method with patients was based on expert consensus. This step was necessary before assessing efficiency and establishing a taxonomy of the S-TPE.

Page generated in 0.1731 seconds