Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-04T10:59:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Marizete Andrade da Silva.pdf: 4930541 bytes, checksum: 8d8d5a36f6e2d56cb3e37822becaef5d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-04T10:59:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Marizete Andrade da Silva.pdf: 4930541 bytes, checksum: 8d8d5a36f6e2d56cb3e37822becaef5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-08 / This study lectures about the Education Construction of the field in the county of Vila Pav?o - ES and has the goal to indentify the political, economic and social influence that the Municipal Agroecological Education Center "Agostinho Batista Veloso" provides to the peasant farmers comunities, emphasizing the social knowledge and the specific demands by public politics. Of qualitative features, the study used the methodology of the oral history, observing the need to employ, reflect practices and representetions, to comprehend the experiences that were build in a specific historic moment, contributing to reveal, between contless questions, a cultural construction and the identity of a group. The research operated with the following instruments and techniques to gather information: semi-structured recorded interviews, bibliography analisys and documentary and experienced observations in the investigated school. Teachers, students, members of the comunites that covers the school and county leaders participated in the research. The results of the reseach study show that many practices that weredeveloped by the institution, such as the appreciation of the social knowledge with what it advocates the Movement for a Countryside Education, but it is needed to include it in the curriculum. As the agroecological practices rescue and the development of the political formation. Yet under adverse conditions the project of Field ducation in the county of Vila Pav?o has very rich experiences that need to connect to the other peasant farmer?s fight to build a educational proposal that converge the real needs of these people. / Este estudo disserta sobre a constru??o da Educa??o do Campo no munic?pio de Vila Pav?o ? ES e tem como objetivo identificar a influ?ncia pol?tica, econ?mica e social que o Centro Municipal de Educa??o Agroecol?gica ?Agostinho Batista Veloso? proporciona para as comunidades de agricultores camponeses, enfatizando os saberes sociais e as demandas espec?ficas por pol?ticas p?blicas. De car?ter qualitativo, o estudo utilizou - se da metodologia da hist?ria oral, observando a necessidade de empregar, refletir pr?ticas e representa??es, compreender experi?ncias que foram constitu?das em um momento hist?rico espec?fico,contribuindo para revelar, entre in?meras quest?es, a constru??o cultural e a identidade de um grupo. A pesquisa operou com os seguintes instrumentos e t?cnicas de coleta de dados: entrevistas semiestruturadas gravadas, an?lise bibliogr?fica e documental e observa??es vivenciadas na escola investigada. Participaram da pesquisa educandos e educandas, educadores e educadoras, integrantes das comunidades que a escola abrange e lideran?as municipais. Os resultados do estudo evidenciam que muitas pr?ticas desenvolvidas pela institui??o, como a valoriza??o dos saberes sociais, dialogam com o que preconiza o Movimento por uma Educa??o do Campo, mas ? preciso integr?-las ao curr?culo, assim como o resgate das pr?ticas agroecol?gicas e o fomento ? forma??o pol?t ica. Ainda sob condi??es adversas, o projeto de Educa??o do Campo no munic?pio de Vila Pav?o possui experi?ncias muito ricas que precisam associar-se as outras lutas dos camponeses a fim de se construir uma proposta educativa que ir? convergir para as necessidades reais desses sujeitos.

The transnationalisation of economic relations and the emergence of supranational sites of policy-making and governance have been of concern both to 'affected publics' subject to the remote decisionmaking that such developments entail (and who have mobilised extensively to demonstrate their opposition to these bodies), and scholars keen to locate the possibilities for a democratic politics in the context of the state's subsequent diminishment (O'Brien et al., 2000; Scholte, 2001; Patomäki and Teivainen, 2004; Rittberger et al., 2008). One such group of scholars are public sphere theorists, who, taking up an ongoing concern with the conditions for, and criteria of, effective democratic participation in politically authoritative policy debates, and responding to these new dynamics, have begun to define a new research agenda in search of 'transnational public spheres' (Habermas, 1989; Fraser, 1991; Fraser 2007). That is, they have begun to look to the transnational for sites in which those affected by the exercise (or, indeed, absence) of political authority at this level strive to engage that authority in policy debate. In this thesis, I argue for the existence of one such transnational public sphere, which, being both provoked and constituted by the transnational peasant and small farmers social movement La Via Campesina, promises to be institutionally realised by the recently reformed United Nations Committee on World Food Security (CFS). Identifying and exploring key dynamics relevant to the CFS's aspirations for political centrality, inclusivity, and policy debate, moreover, I lay bare the challenges that confront the attainment of this promise.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The principal theme of this study is the family farmers experiences in the transition of conventional agriculture for ecological agriculture. This research is executes in the town of Agudo located in Rio Grande do Sul central region. Based in difference between conventional agriculture and ecological agriculture, the objective of this research is understand the farmer experiences in agro ecological transition and why they opted the agro ecological agriculture. More specifically, the research aims to meet the agro ecological strategies in family production units; characterize the experience and the production of farmers in agro ecological transition and understand how farmers are reproduced in the social sphere. In methodological terms, it is a qualitative research, which will make it will use tools such as systematic observation, semi-structured interview and field notebook. It is worth noting that the transition from conventional agriculture to organic agriculture or agro-ecological transition is an important social construction that arises from the knowledge of the limitations and risks in the current hegemonic agriculture model. This transition creates alternatives that support the agricultural transformation process with sustainable approach the agro ecological transition in Agudo town, takes place in families generally related to tobacco growing. These families have much interest in the increase of agricultural production with ecological basis. The work painfulness in tobacco cultivation brought harmful consequences for many families, as the family farm unit indebtedness and pathologies related to contact with the pesticides, which were cited by families during the field work. The families in question are taking the first step toward a transition to an eco-based model, which seeks to environmental sustainability and also the families living in rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary that these families are supported with community support and government institutions to enable them to qualify and expand its work. / O presente estudo tem como temática central as vivências dos agricultores familiares camponeses, em processo de transição da agricultura convencional para a de base ecológica, no município de Agudo, localizado na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Partindo da dicotomia entre a agricultura moderna e a agricultura de base ecológica, a presente pesquisa pretende compreender como se dão as vivências dos agricultores em transição agroecológica no município de Agudo. Para sanar esta inquietação, se propõem em âmbito geral, compreender como os agricultores em questão decidiram pela agricultura ecológica. Mais especificamente, a pesquisa pretende conhecer as estratégias agroecológicas nas unidades de produção familiar em questão; caracterizar o viver e o produzir dos agricultores em transição agroecológica e compreender como os agricultores se reproduzem no âmbito social. Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, na qual faz uso de ferramentas como a observação sistemática, a entrevista semiestruturada e o caderno de campo. Cabe destacar que a transição da agricultura convencional para a agricultura ecológica ou transição agroecológica é uma construção social importante, que surge da compreensão das limitações e dos riscos existentes no atual modelo agrícola hegemônico. Tal transição cria alternativas que apoiam o processo de transformação da agricultura, com enfoque sustentável. A transição agroecológica no município, ocorre entre famílias que, em geral, estiveram relacionadas ao cultivo do fumo. Sendo estas famílias, as que possuem maior interesse em ascender na busca pela produção agrícola de base ecológica. A penosidade do trabalho com o cultivo do fumo trouxe consequências danosas para muitas famílias, como o endividamento da unidade de produção agrícola familiar e patologias relacionadas ao contato com os agrotóxicos, que foram citados pelas famílias durante o trabalho de campo. As famílias em questão estão dando o primeiro passo em direção a um processo de transição para um modelo de base ecológica, que busca a sustentabilidade do meio ambiente e também das famílias que vivem no meio rural. Para tanto, é preciso que estas famílias sejam amparadas com o apoio da comunidade e de instituições governamentais para que possam a qualificar e ampliar o seu trabalho.

The transnationalisation of economic relations and the emergence of supranational sites of policy-making and governance have been of concern both to ¿affected publics¿ subject to the remote decisionmaking that such developments entail (and who have mobilised extensively to demonstrate their opposition to these bodies), and scholars keen to locate the possibilities for a democratic politics in the context of the state¿s subsequent diminishment (O¿Brien et al., 2000; Scholte, 2001; Patomäki and Teivainen, 2004; Rittberger et al., 2008). One such group of scholars are public sphere theorists, who, taking up an ongoing concern with the conditions for, and criteria of, effective democratic participation in politically authoritative policy debates, and responding to these new dynamics, have begun to define a new research agenda in search of ¿transnational public spheres¿ (Habermas, 1989; Fraser, 1991; Fraser 2007). That is, they have begun to look to the transnational for sites in which those affected by the exercise (or, indeed, absence) of political authority at this level strive to engage that authority in policy debate. In this thesis, I argue for the existence of one such transnational public sphere, which, being both provoked and constituted by the transnational peasant and small farmers social movement La Via Campesina, promises to be institutionally realised by the recently reformed United Nations Committee on World Food Security (CFS). Identifying and exploring key dynamics relevant to the CFS¿s aspirations for political centrality, inclusivity, and policy debate, moreover, I lay bare the challenges that confront the attainment of this promise.

Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world, with most of its population living in rural areas. The study analysed the impact of trade liberalization on peasant farmers involved in fruit production in Marera in Central Mozambique and measured their benefits and life improvements as compared with the decade of the 1990s. It found that 73.3% of peasant farmers assess their life as little better than 10-15 years ago and only 5.6% have experienced substantial improvements. It was discovered that better knowledge and access to productive resources play a role in improving benefits from fruit production and trade. Therefore, the study concluded that although trade liberalization can bring benefits, when appropriate conditions are met, peasant farmers in Marera are not different from their counterparts around the world and benefit little from trade liberalization. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

This thesis examines the discourses surrounding the subject of climate change, with particular emphasis on the discourse(s) of the emerging social movement for climate justice. Positioned within the social constructivist and critical research paradigms, the methodology involves a Foucauldian-inspired discourse analysis in which discourse is defined as a historically-situated, materially-embodied, and power-imbued set of statements and rules that comprise a unique and coherent representation of the world. A review of the climate change-related literature reveals four primary discourses on the phenomenon of rising greenhouse gas emissions: early scientific, climate modernization, climate change denial, and climate justice. The statements and rules of these four discourses, as well as the theoretical trends and sociopolitical, economic, and ecological factors affecting their historical development are described. A deeper analysis using 26 primary documents representing every major climate justice organization reveals that rather than a single coherent discourse, the climate justice movement encompasses four individual sub-discourses: global, peasant-oriented, Indigenous, and civil rights. Focussed on climate-related inequities in developing countries of the Southern Hemisphere, the global discourse constructs climate change as a problem of the structures and logic of the globalized capitalist economy. The peasant-oriented discourse emphasizes inequities to peasant farmers, and represents climate change as largely the result of industrialized agriculture and food systems. With specific concern for the wellbeing of Indigenous communities, the Indigenous discourse locates the cause of climate change in the “violation of the sacred” and the loss of harmony with Mother Earth. The United States-based civil rights discourse primarily emphasizes the rights and interests of African American communities and constructs climate change as a problem of externalized ecological costs and failure to incent a “green” economy. The relations of power between the four climate justice sub-discourses and the prevailing climate modernization discourse are tentatively explored on the basis of three indicators of strength (internal coherence, material foundations, and adaptive capacity), on which basis several questions related to discursive resistance are proposed as possible avenues of future research. / Thesis (Master, Environmental Studies) -- Queen's University, 2012-10-11 09:45:29.397

Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world, with most of its population living in rural areas. The study analysed the impact of trade liberalization on peasant farmers involved in fruit production in Marera in Central Mozambique and measured their benefits and life improvements as compared with the decade of the 1990s. It found that 73.3% of peasant farmers assess their life as little better than 10-15 years ago and only 5.6% have experienced substantial improvements. It was discovered that better knowledge and access to productive resources play a role in improving benefits from fruit production and trade. Therefore, the study concluded that although trade liberalization can bring benefits, when appropriate conditions are met, peasant farmers in Marera are not different from their counterparts around the world and benefit little from trade liberalization. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)