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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
641

Multiple cue integration for robust tracking in dynamic environments: application to video relighting

Moreno Noguer, Francesc 01 September 2005 (has links)
L'anàlisi de moviment i seguiment d'objectes ha estat un dels pricipals focus d'atenció en la comunitat de visió per computador durant les dues darreres dècades. L'interès per aquesta àrea de recerca resideix en el seu ample ventall d'aplicabilitat, que s'extén des de tasques de navegació de vehicles autònoms i robots, fins a aplications en la indústria de l'entreteniment i realitat virtual.Tot i que s'han aconseguit resultats espectaculars en problemes específics, el seguiment d'objectes continua essent un problema obert, ja que els mètodes disponibles són propensos a ser sensibles a diversos factors i condicions no estacionàries de l'entorn, com ara moviments impredictibles de l'objecte a seguir, canvis suaus o abruptes de la il·luminació, proximitat d'objectes similars o fons confusos. Enfront aquests factors de confusió la integració de múltiples característiques ha demostrat que permet millorar la robustesa dels algoritmes de seguiment. En els darrers anys, degut a la creixent capacitat de càlcul dels ordinadors, hi ha hagut un significatiu increment en el disseny de complexes sistemes de seguiment que consideren simultàniament múltiples característiques de l'objecte. No obstant, la majoria d'aquests algoritmes estan basats enheurístiques i regles ad-hoc formulades per aplications específiques, fent-ne impossible l'extrapolació a noves condicions de l'entorn.En aquesta tesi proposem un marc probabilístic general per integrar el nombre de característiques de l'objecte que siguin necessàries, permetent que interactuin mútuament per tal d'estimar-ne el seu estat amb precisió, i per tant, estimar amb precisió la posició de l'objecte que s'està seguint. Aquest marc, s'utilitza posteriorment per dissenyar un algoritme de seguiment, que es valida en diverses seqüències de vídeo que contenen canvis abruptes de posició i il·luminació, camuflament de l'objecte i deformacions no rígides. Entre les característiques que s'han utilitzat per representar l'objecte, cal destacar la paramatrització robusta del color en un espai de color dependent de l'objecte, que permet distingir-lo del fons més clarament que altres espais de color típicament ulitzats al llarg de la literatura.En la darrera part de la tesi dissenyem una tècnica per re-il·luminar tant escenes estàtiques com en moviment, de les que s'en desconeix la geometria. La re-il·luminació es realitza amb un mètode 'basat en imatges', on la generació de les images de l'escena sota noves condicions d'il·luminació s'aconsegueix a partir de combinacions lineals d'un conjunt d'imatges de referència pre-capturades, i que han estat generades il·luminant l'escena amb patrons de llum coneguts. Com que la posició i intensitat de les fonts d'il.luminació que formen aquests patrons de llum es pot controlar, és natural preguntar-nos: quina és la manera més òptima d'il·luminar una escena per tal de reduir el nombre d'imatges de referència? Demostrem que la millor manera d'il·luminar l'escena (és a dir, la que minimitza el nombre d'imatges de referència) no és utilitzant una seqüència de fonts d'il·luminació puntuals, com es fa generalment, sinó a través d'una seqüència de patrons de llum d'una base d'il·luminació depenent de l'objecte. És important destacar que quan es re-il·luminen seqüències de vídeo, les imatges successives s'han d'alinear respecte a un sistema de coordenades comú. Com que cada imatge ha estat generada per un patró de llum diferent il·uminant l'escena, es produiran canvis d'il·luminació bruscos entre imatges de referència consecutives. Sota aquestes circumstàncies, el mètode de seguiment proposat en aquesta tesi juga un paper fonamental. Finalment, presentem diversos resultats on re-il·luminem seqüències de vídeo reals d'objectes i cares d'actors en moviment. En cada cas, tot i que s'adquireix un únic vídeo, som capaços de re-il·luminar una i altra vegada, controlant la direcció de la llum, la seva intensitat, i el color. / Motion analysis and object tracking has been one of the principal focus of attention over the past two decades within the computer vision community. The interest of this research area lies in its wide range of applicability, extending from autonomous vehicle and robot navigation tasks, to entertainment and virtual reality applications.Even though impressive results have been obtained in specific problems, object tracking is still an open problem, since available methods are prone to be sensitive to several artifacts and non-stationary environment conditions, such as unpredictable target movements, gradual or abrupt changes of illumination, proximity of similar objects or cluttered backgrounds. Multiple cue integration has been proved to enhance the robustness of the tracking algorithms in front of such disturbances. In recent years, due to the increasing power of the computers, there has been a significant interest in building complex tracking systems which simultaneously consider multiple cues. However, most of these algorithms are based on heuristics and ad-hoc rules formulated for specific applications, making impossible to extrapolate them to new environment conditions.In this dissertation we propose a general probabilistic framework to integrate as many object features as necessary, permitting them to mutually interact in order to obtain a precise estimation of its state, and thus, a precise estimate of the target position. This framework is utilized to design a tracking algorithm, which is validated on several video sequences involving abrupt position and illumination changes, target camouflaging and non-rigid deformations. Among the utilized features to represent the target, it is important to point out the use of a robust parameterization of the target color in an object dependent colorspace which allows to distinguish the object from the background more clearly than other colorspaces commonly used in the literature.In the last part of the dissertation, we design an approach for relighting static and moving scenes with unknown geometry. The relighting is performed through an -image-based' methodology, where the rendering under new lighting conditions is achieved by linear combinations of a set of pre-acquired reference images of the scene illuminated by known light patterns. Since the placement and brightness of the light sources composing such light patterns can be controlled, it is natural to ask: what is the optimal way to illuminate the scene to reduce the number of reference images that are needed? We show that the best way to light the scene (i.e., the way that minimizes the number of reference images) is not using a sequence of single, compact light sources as is most commonly done, but rather to use a sequence of lighting patterns as given by an object-dependent lighting basis. It is important to note that when relighting video sequences, consecutive images need to be aligned with respect to a common coordinate frame. However, since each frame is generated by a different light pattern illuminating the scene, abrupt illumination changes between consecutive reference images are produced. Under these circumstances, the tracking framework designed in this dissertation plays a central role. Finally, we present several relighting results on real video sequences of moving objects, moving faces, and scenes containing both. In each case, although a single video clip was captured, we are able to relight again and again, controlling the lighting direction, extent, and color.
642

Numerical simulation and experimental validation of hermetic reciprocating compressors. Integration in vapour compression refrigerating systems

Rigola Serrano, Joaquim 27 September 2002 (has links)
The numerical simulation model presented is based on the integration of the fluid conservation equations (continuity, momentum and energy) in the whole compressor domain (compression chamber, valves, manifolds, mufflers, connecting tubes, parallel paths, etc.) using instantaneous local mean values for the different variables. It is interesting to remark how momentum equation has been taken into account in all compressor parts and the possibility to solve parallel paths, resonators, etc. Effective flow areas are evaluated considering multidimensional models based on modal analysis of fluid interaction in the valve. Then, second and third order vibration models of valve are also considered. The possibility to use compound bound has been also implemented.The force balances in the crankshaft connecting rod mechanical system are simultaneously solved at each time-step considered in the thermal and fluid dynamic compressor model. It allows to evaluate the instantaneous compression chamber volume and the different forces in the crankshaft connecting rod mechanical system. Mechanical system forces allows to know important information to predict possibleover-stresses in piston, piston pin, crankshaft, connecting rod, etc.The thermal analysis of the solid elements is based on global energy balances at each macro volume considered (shell, muffler, tubes, cylinder head, crankcase, motor, etc.). Some improvements can be implemented (shell conduction, heat transfer coefficient evaluation, etc.).The resulting governing equations (fluid flow, valve dynamics, conduction heat transfer in solids, etc.) are discretized by means of a fully implicit control volume formulation. The complete set of algebraic equations are coupled using the segregated he complete set of algebraic equations are coupled using the segregated pressure based algorithm Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations(SIMPLEC) extended to compressible flow. Second and third time order schemes have been implemented for the transient terms.An extensive hermetic reciprocating compressor experimental validation has been presented and the experimental know-how acquired has been highlighted. Furthermore, two commercial hermetic reciprocating compressor have been instrumented in detail to obtain the thermal temperatures map and the pressure fluid evolutions along compressor for different working conditions. It is interesting to remark as a novelty, the use of very small absolute pressure transducers, instead of the standard relative transducers. They allow to know instantaneous absolute pressure inside compressor chamber, without the necessity of measurement an absolute pressure outside the compression chamber (as is usual in this kind of experimental works). The global comparative results have allowed to check the possibilities of the numerical simulation presented above and its accuracy compared with experimental data. After that, this work show the capabilities offered by the simulation presented and its final objective, a better understanding of the thermal and fluid dynamic compressor behaviour to improve the design of these equipments.Then, the objective has been to review and present different physically meaningful parameters that characterize the reciprocating compressor behaviour (volumetric efficiency, isentropic efficiency, heat transfer efficiency, mechanical, electrical and heat losses, Coefficient of Performance, etc.), their influence detachment and evolution under different working conditions, with the idea to predict the performance of hermetic reciprocating compressors under different working conditions using the above mentioned non-dimensional parameters.Finally, a parametric study of hermetic reciprocating compressors behaviour has been carried out. Results presented show the influence of different aspects (geometry, valves, motor, working conditions, etc.) in the compressor behaviour. The parametric studies and compressor characterization detachment allows also a better implementation of simplest models of the compressors in the thermal and fluid dynamic numerical simulation of vapour compressor cycles together with the rest of elements.
643

La gestió empresarial per processos en un context de qualitat total

Comajuncosa Casabella, Josep 15 January 2001 (has links)
L'idea o iniciativa de realització de la present tesi doctoral va néixer d'una banda en dos corrents d'opinió relatives a l'evolució prevista de l'organització de les empreses en el futur immediat. El primer corrent prové dels principals autors en temes de qualitat que enfoquen les condicions que hauran de reunir les organitzacions per a obtenir i consolidar els nivells desitjables de qualitat de productes i serveis. El segon corrent prové dels principals autors en organització i administració d'empreses, que també exposen les condicions que preveuen per a les empreses del futur per a poder afrontar els reptes de competitivitat que exigeix l'eficàcia i eficiència de les organitzacions en general.Aquesta idea o iniciativa es va veure reforçada també per l'oportunitat de definir un model basat en els dos corrents anteriors dissenyant finalment la forma d'avaluació del mateix.El treball ha estat desenvolupat en cinc capítols més dos annexos en els que s'inclouen les dades resultants del treball de camp i que donen suport als capítols quart i cinquè.En el capítol d'introducció és formulada una hipòtesi sobre un model organitzatiu que hauria de permetre avançar en els aspectes organitzatius i corregir deficiències manifestades pels grups d'autors abans esmentats. Alhora s'exposen les principals aportacions dels principals autors dels corrents exposats.En el següent capítol s'estudia l'estat actual de:a) Organització funcional i les mancances manifestades pels principals autorsb) L'estat d'aplicació de la qualitat total i també mancances exposades pels principals autorsc) L'organització per processosEn el capítol tercer es defineix un model organitzatiu, sintetitzant inicialment les condicions que el mateix ha de reunir, i tot seguit son concretades les característiques i forma de gestió del mateix. Es parteix d'una política de l'organització que ha de considerar tots els grups d'interès i amb el adequat desplegament arribar a una planificació de totes les activitats que asseguri els resultats i l'adaptació a tots els tipus de canvis. Es descriuen també els impactes esperats en forma de millores en les diferents activitats i especialment en els resultats de l'empresa u organització.En el capítol quart es fa una avaluació del model descrit en l'apartat anterior. Es dissenya una contrastació de dos tipus d'organització una funcional i una altre horitzontalitzada per processos, utilitzant una simulació per ordinador i comparant els resultats obtinguts utilitzant els ratis de gestió més freqüents.En el capítol final es fa un resum de conclusions finals on es veuen els millors resultats de l'organització per processos. Es comenta també com el model proposat dona resposta a aquelles limitacions esmentades pels autors en organització i administració d'empreses i pels autors en qualitat total. Finalment es marquen unes possibles línies d'actuació per aprofundir en aquests temes en el futur.Barcelona, Octubre 2000 / The original idea for the topic of this thesis came from two different fields with different opinions concerning the expected evolution in the near future of firm organisation. The first one comes from the main authors in the field of quality, who analyse the conditions required in future organisations to guarantee a desired level of quality in the products and services they provide. The second opinion comes from the field of business management, in which the authors analyse the conditions required to future firms to be able to fulfil the competitivity challenges arisen by efficiency.It was also important when choosing the topic, the possibility of building a model that included the two fields mentioned above as well as an evaluation of both.The thesis is organised in five chapters, and to annexes that include data from the field work described in chapters four and five.In the first chapter we expose an hypothesis about a method that should be useful to improve organisations, correcting those shortcomings pointed out in the literature. We also include an explanation of the contributions of the main authors in this literature.In the second chapter we look over the state of the question concerning:(a) The functional organisations and the malfunctions pointed out by the main authors(b) How total quality is applied and the defects concerning it(c) The organisation by means of processesIn the third chapter an organisational model is defined, presenting its initial conditions and the proper management for it. We start from an organisational policy that must take all the groups of interest into account, and must reach a planification for all the activities guaranteeing the economic results and the adaptation to all types of changes. We also describe the effects of improving the different activities, mostly concerning the results for the firm or organisation.In the fourth chapter we evaluate the model described in the previous chapter. Using a computer simulation, we design a contrastation of two different types of organisations, a functional one, and one horizontalized by processes. We compare the results with the most commonly used management ratios.In the last chapter we summarise the final conclusions. They show that the better results are obtained with the organisation by processes. We explain how the proposed model solves the problems pointed out in the literature on organisation and business management, and also in the literature on total quality. Finally, we mention future lines of research to deepen in all these topics.Barcelona, October 2000
644

Evaluation of Software Defined Radio platform with respect to implementation of 802.15.4 Zigbee

Dabcevic, Kresimir January 2011 (has links)
With the development of powerful computational resources such as Digital Signal Processors and Field Programmable Gate Arrays, It has become possible to utilize many radio functions via software. This is the main concept of an up-and-coming technology of Software Defined Radio. In the Thesis, a number of platforms for implementation of Software Defined Radio has been evaluated. Platform that proved to be most suitable for the project was Ettus’ USRP N210. Using the platform, implementation of 802.15.4 Zigbee’s physical layer was done, where experiments whose outputs can later be used to compare performance with respect to "hardware radios" were performed. / Med utvecklingen av enheter med kraftfulla beräkningsegenskaper som “Digital Signal Processors” och “Field Programmable Gate Arrays” har det blivit möjligt att implementera flera radiofunktioner i mjukvara. Det är huvudkonceptet i den uppåtgående teknologin mjukvaru definierad radio.I det här examensarbetet har ett flertal plattformar för mjukvaru definierad radioutvärderats. Plattformen som visade sig vara mest lämplig för projektet var Ettus USRP N210. En implementation av IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbees fysiska lager har realiserats till plattformen. Experiment, vars utdata senare kan användas för att jämföra prestanda mellan mjukvaru definierad radio och hårdvaru baserad radio, har även utförts. / TESLA - Time-critical and Safe wireLess Automation communication / GAUSS - Guaranteed Automation communication Under Severe disturbanceS
645

Optimizing Performance of Internet Advertising Campaigns

Vrsecky, Jiri 27 July 2012 (has links)
This paper closely examines Internet advertising techniques and tools which can be used to promote new product at the market. Goal of the thesis is to measure marketing campaign effectiveness and optimize advertising campaigns. Relevant KPIs were chosen to create evaluation matrices, identify successful advertising channels and create efficient internet marketing mix. Advertising activities described in the thesis helped Czech company to increase sales on the Internet. Practical part of the thesis describes process of introducing new product on the Czech market. In the initial stage several analyses were done to identify market conditions, competition and ideal consumer. Based on the results ¡V market entry strategy and web development plan were created. Internet e-shop and other supportive web pages were developed with aim to sell products through Internet channel. Websites follows best practice for web presentation design, search engine optimization and web audience measurement. During the project history several marketing campaigns were launched and the results were monitored using Google Analytics software. Selected marketing activities were closely examined. Concepts of Search engine optimization, POEM media, and Pay Per Click (PPC) advertising were used as field experiments. Partial results of each field experiment as well as overall results of all marketing activities are summarized in the conclusion. The thesis presents a comprehensive overview of the marketing tools and channels at the Czech market. Paper also summarizes best practices for website development and content optimization for visitors and search engines. Comparison of advertising activities in different channels within three PPC advertising networks helps to define PPC advertising strategy for Czech market. Based on the findings - optimized Internet marketing mix was created with aim to increase marketing campaigns effectiveness. Suggestions for optimization of website¡¦s content and recommendation for next marketing activities were summarized with aim to help company for future project development.
646

El círculo cerrado. Cobertura informativa de los conflictos internacionales de Estados Unidos en un siglo (1898-1991): Poder político y censura

Vidal Coy, José Luis 04 April 2006 (has links)
Las relaciones entre los poderes político-militares y los medios de comunicación en Estados Unidos han cambiado a la misma velocidad vertiginosa a la que, durante el siglo XX, evolucionaron las técnicas y las coberturas informativas. La censura militar se inició en la Guerra de Secesión de Estados Unidos (1861-1865), pero después el círculo de control se abrió desde la Guerra entre España y Estados Undos en Cuba y Puerto Rico (1895-1898), hasta la Guerra del Golfo contra Irak (1991) y los ataques terroristas del 11-S (2001). Lo que empezó como un asunto abierto en la Guerra de Cuba la práctica inexistencia de censura evolucionó sinuosamente a través de las relaciones del establishment político-militar de Estados Unidos y sus medios de comunicación. Más adelante en el siglo XX, pasó de la aparición de la propaganda en la Primera Guerra Mundial a la simbiosis casi total entre medios y estblishment político-militar en la Segunda conflagración mundial. Después, siguió la evolución con las primeras divisiones registrada al final de la II Guerra Mundial y en el conflicto de Corea, resultando en el enfrentamiento total entre los medios de comunicación y el establishment político-militar a raíz de la guerra de Vietnam, para terminar en el nuevo cierre del círculo con el control casi total de los medios impuesto por el Pentágono en la Guerra del Golfo contra Irak de 1991. / The relationship in between the political and military powers and the mass media in the United States has changed as quickly as during the 20th Century evolved the techniques and the press coverage of events. The military censorship began during the Secession War in the United States (1861-1865). Later on the control circle was well wide open since the Spanish-American War in Cuba and Puerto Rico(1895-1898) until it was steadely locked in the Gulf War (1991) and the aftermath of the terrorist attacks against the Trade World Center and the Pentagon (9/11/2001). What started as an open subject in the Spanish-American War, the non-existent censorship evolved sinuousely through the relations of the U.S.A. political and military powers with its own mass media. From that point, It went from the rise of propaganda in the first World War to the whole symbiosis registered in the Second World War. Further on the evolution followed whith the first recorded divisions at the end of that same World War and during the military conflict in Corea aswell, originating a permanent quarrel between the media and the military and political establishments due to the Vietnam War coverage, and ending in the new closure of the circle with the nearly total control imposed by the Pentagon on the media from the very begining of the 1991 Gulf War against Irak.
647

”Kvinnan föder grensle över en grav” : En studie av det groteska i Samuel Becketts I väntan på Godot / ”They give birth astride of a grave” : A study of the grotesque in Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot

Johansson, Emma January 2014 (has links)
This essay examines the grotesque in Samuel Becketts wellknown play Waiting for Godot. The play is primarily seen as an icon of absurdism, and it is such not appropriate to examine the play as if it belongs to the litterary genre of grotesque. The primary purpose of absurdism is to reveal the pointless- and emptiness of existence. In order to illustrate these points absurdism will often make use of the common characteristics of the grotesque. With this in mind I present, within this essay, an eximination of whether Samuel Becket makes use of these characteristics to assist his portayal of emptiness in Waiting for Godot. A prior understanding of absurdism is required and i have as such primarly used Martin Esslins famous studies. The studies of the grotesque are mainly represented by two theorists. Michail Bachtin's theory is based around the medieval carnival culture, whose archetype was the duality of the body expressed through the pregnant death. Bachtin seeks to highlight the grotesques close connection with laughter as a relief and covers it's use during the middle ages and the renneissance. Wolfgang Kayser studies the term as it is used during the romanticism and modernism. Kayser describes the grotesque as "cold" and alienating. He describes the word as an ”estranged world”. The analysis relies mostly on Bachtin's theories and examines the play from the viewpoint of the picture of the grotesque body, sense of time, the logic of the upside down world and the connection to the carnivals culture of laughter but also examines if Kayser's theories of the ”estranged world” are compatible. Finally, I reach the conclusion that even though Bachtins theory treats the grotesque in a time long before Beckett's, a reading of Waiting for Godot from the perspective of the carnival culture is interesting.  The laughter and the open, grotesque body, plays as expected a large role in the handling of the emptiness, the cyclic sense of time is found in the play and never ceases to repeat, the upside down world's logic and it's abolition of hierarchies is significant and the world in the play seems alien to itself.
648

System Surveillance

Mansoor, Shaheer January 2013 (has links)
In recent years, trade activity in stock markets has increased substantially. This is mainly attributed to the development of powerful computers and intranets connecting traders to markets across the globe. The trades have to be carried out almost instantaneously and the systems in place that handle trades are burdened with millions of transactions a day, several thousand a minute. With increasing transactions the time to execute a single trade increases, and this can be seen as an impact on the performance. There is a need to model the performance of these systems and provide forecasts to give a heads up on when a system is expected to be overwhelmed by transactions. This was done in this study, in cooperation with Cinnober Financial Technologies, a firm which provides trading solutions to stock markets. To ensure that the models developed weren‟t biased, the dataset was cleansed, i.e. operational and other transactions were removed, and only valid trade transactions remained. For this purpose, a descriptive analysis of time series along with change point detection and LOESS regression were used. State space model with Kalman Filtering was further used to develop a time varying coefficient model for the performance, and this model was applied to make forecasts. Wavelets were also used to produce forecasts, and besides this high pass filters were used to identify low performance regions. The State space model performed very well to capture the overall trend in performance and produced reliable forecasts. This can be ascribed to the property of Kalman Filter to handle noisy data well. Wavelets on the other hand didn‟t produce reliable forecasts but were more efficient in detecting regions of low performance.
649

Vaikų ir paauglių brandesnio sakramentų suvokimo sakramentinėje katechezėje per bendruomeniškumo ugdymą galimybės X mieste / The Possibilities in X city to train children and teenagers during the sacramental catechesis for a deeper understanding of sacraments by presenting their communal aspect

Dailydienė, Viktorija 04 February 2010 (has links)
Šiuo darbu siekiama teoriškai ir empiriškai pagrįsti bendruomeniškumo ugdymo reikalingumą vaikų ir paauglių sakramentinėje katechezėje. Lyginant vykdomą suaugusiųjų evangelizaciją ir įkrikščioninimą (katechumenatą) su vaikų ir paauglių rengimu sakramentams išryškėja vykdomo vaikų ir paauglių įkrikščioninimo esminė bendruomeniškumo ugdymo stoka. Tyrinėjant problemą teoriškai parodomas bendruomeniškumo reikalingumas ir įtaka sakramentų suvokimui, o atliktasis tyrimas parodo vaikų ir paauglių bendruomeniškumo suvokimą ir patikrina hipotezę: vaikų ir paauglių katechezė galėtų būti gilesnė įvedant jos metu bendruomeniškumo sampratos ir patirties aspektą. Iš teorinio ir empirinio problemos tyrimo kyla rekomendacijos katechetams – šeimoms ir parapijų katechetams. Svarbiausi darbo rezultatai atskleidžia ir teoriškai pagrindžia bendruomeniškumo ugdymo poreikį sakramentinėje katechezėje bei parodo, kad pagrindiniai katechetai yra tėvai. Gautieji rezultatai praturtina žinias apie apklaustųjų bendruomeniškumo supratimą ir parodo, kad jaunimas turi savyje bendruomeniškumo potencialą ir tinkamai įkrikščioninant bei tęsiant veiklą parapijos bendruomenėje puikiai atsiskleistų kaip geri krikščionys. Pagrindinė darbo išvada: jaunimas nori bendruomeniškumo, todėl reikia per sakramentinę katechezę ugdyti bendruomeniškumo supratimą, ypač dėl to, kad pats Dievas dovanoja Išganymą per bendruomenę. / This work attempts to substantiate theoretically and empirically the necessity to train comunial aspect of initiation sacraments in the sacramental catechesis of children and teenagers. When the evangelization and Christianization (catechumenate) of adults are compared with the preparation of children and teenagers for sacraments, there is the evident fact that children and teenagers lack the deeper presentation of the of communal sacramental aspect. When the problem is analyzed theoretically, the necessity to deepen the communial aspect of the sacraments is evident. The research shows that the understanding of the communial aspect of sacraments by children and teenagers approves the hypothesis: the catechesis of children and teenagers may be deeper if the aspect of the communial concept and experience would be introduced. The theoretical and empirical research results in the recommendations to catechists – catechists, families and parishes. The most important part of this work is to reveal and substantiate theoretically the need of the education on community in sacramental catechesis and to show that the principal catechists are the parents. The results of this research will enrich the information about the understanding of ecclesial community. The respondents show that the young people contains a potential to belong to a community of faith, and if their Christianization and communial activities are fostered properly in the parochial community, the young people would... [to full text]
650

El desarrollo de la competencia en tratamiento de la información y competencia digital desde una didáctica de la historia en bachillerato promovedora del aprendizaje colaborativo

Acosta Barros, Luis Miguel 08 July 2014 (has links)
Aquesta recerca se centra en la descripció reflexiva del procés de millora de la pràctica docent que com a professor d'història en batxillerat hem afrontat a través d'una recerca-acció. En un context com l'actual, la millora de l'ensenyament ha de tenir en compte les TIC com a mitjans i entorn, tant per al desenvolupament de la competència *informacional i digital (*TICD) com també per aprofitar les seves característiques, especialment les d'Internet, i recolzar així la introducció d'un estil d'aprenentatge col·laboratiu més d'acord amb la societat del coneixement. Precisament l'assumpció del paradigma *TAC (tecnologies per a l'aprenentatge i el coneixement) ens va impulsar a intentar conciliar la integració de les TIC en les nostres classes d'història amb l'experiència pròpia d'innovació (introducció del mètode històric, metodologia didàctica basada en l'aprenentatge per descobriment guiat, ús de cinema de gènere històric com a recurs…). Finalment aconseguim una descripció de la competència en *TICD i els aprenentatges propis del mètode històric en l'assignatura Historia del món contemporani a partir de la construcció d'una estratègia didàctica articulada des del disseny, l'aplicació i l'avaluació d'activitats i tasques basades en la cooperació. No obstant això, malgrat l'avanç experimentat en la didàctica de la història, aviat es va advertir que la pretensió de canvi d'estil d'aprenentatge exigia molt més que una recerca-acció centrada en el desenvolupament del currículum d'una assignatura en un grup d'estudiants, que era necessari implicar a tot el centre escolar en el procés de millora. / Esta investigación se centra en la descripción reflexiva del proceso de mejora de la práctica docente que como profesor de historia en bachillerato hemos afrontado a través de una investigación-acción. En un contexto como el actual, la mejora de la enseñanza ha de tener en cuenta las TIC como medios y entorno, tanto para el desarrollo de la competencia informacional y digital (TICD) como también para aprovechar sus características, especialmente las de Internet, y apoyar así la introducción de un estilo de aprendizaje colaborativo más acorde con la sociedad del conocimiento. Precisamente la asunción del paradigma TAC (tecnologías para el aprendizaje y el conocimiento) nos impulsó a intentar conciliar la integración de las TIC en nuestras clases de historia con la experiencia propia de innovación (introducción del método histórico, metodología didáctica basada en el aprendizaje por descubrimiento guiado, uso de cine de género histórico como recurso…). Finalmente logramos una descripción de la competencia en TICD y los aprendizajes propios del método histórico en la asignatura Historia del mundo contemporáneo a partir de la construcción de una estrategia didáctica articulada desde el diseño, la aplicación y la evaluación de actividades y tareas basadas en la cooperación. No obstante, pese al avance experimentado en la didáctica de la historia, pronto se advirtió que la pretensión de cambio de estilo de aprendizaje exigía mucho más que una investigación-acción centrada en el desarrollo del currículo de una asignatura en un grupo de estudiantes, que era necesario implicar a todo el centro escolar en el proceso de mejora. / This research focuses on the reflective description of the process of improving the teaching practice that as a high school history teacher I have faced through an action research. In the current context, the improvement of education has to take into account the ICT as a means and environment, both for the development of the informational competence and digital competence as also to take advantage of its features, especially the Internet, and thereby support the introduction of a style of collaborative learning more in line with the knowledge society. It is precisely the assumption of paradigm TAC (technologies for learning and knowledge) that drove us to try to reconcile the integration of ICT in our classes in history, with our own prior experience of innovation (introduction of the historical method, teaching methodology based on the guided discovery learning, use of historical movies as resource… ). Finally we get a description of the competition in ICT themselves and the programming of the historical method in the subject History of the modern world from the construction of a didactic strategy articulated from the design, implementation and evaluation of activities based on cooperation. However, despite the progress made in the didactics of history, soon we noticed that the claim of change in learning style required us much more than an action research focused on the development of the curriculum of a course taught in a group of students, that it was necessary to involve the whole school in the improvement process.

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