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Non-party governments: The recruitment of personnel in the relationship between the government and the governing party in Peru (1980-2011) / Gobiernos sin partido: el reclutamiento de personal en la relación entre el gobierno y el partido de gobierno en el Perú (1980-2011) / Governos sem partido: O recrutamento do pessoal na relação entre o governo e o partido do governo no Peru (1980-2011)Corvetto, Piero January 2014 (has links)
The paper studies the relationship between governments and political parties in Peru from 1980 to 2011 Specifically, it aims to analyze the partisanship of government: the participation at government of the political organization with the one the president won the elections First, it orders the Peruvian governments around four types of partisanship: (i) the governing party, (ii) the government without a party (or government of the Messiah), and the coalition government in any of its two versions; that is (iii) the government of hegemonic coalition and (iv) the pluralist coalition government Second, it aims to explain the two types of partisanship found in this country: on one hand, hegemonic coalition governments such as Fernando Belaunde (19801985) and Alan Garcia (1985-1990), and on the other hand, the non-party governments like those of Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006) and Alan Garcia (20062011) To do this, it discards explanations focused on the type of political regime and those who focus solely on party institutionalization or only on personalism In contrast, it suggests that the combination of the last two factors explains the type of partisanship found in each case / El artículo estudia la relación entre los gobiernos y los partidos de gobierno en el Perú entre 1980 y 2011 Específicamente, se propone analizar el partidismo del gobierno: la participación en el gobierno de la organización política con la que el presidente ganó las elecciones En primer lugar, ordena los gobiernos peruanos alrededor de cuatro tipos de partidismo: (i) el gobierno de partido, (ii) el gobierno sin partido (o «gobierno del mesías»), y el gobierno de coalición en cualquiera de sus dos versiones; es decir, (iii) el gobierno de coalición hegemónica y (iv) el gobierno de coalición pluralista En segundo lugar, se propone explicar los dos tipos de par- tidismo encontrados en el país: por un lado, los gobiernos de coalición hegemónica como los de Fernando Belaúnde (1980-1985) y Alan García (1985-1990) y, por otro lado, los gobiernos sin partido como los de Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006) y Alan García (2006-2011) Para ello, descarta explicaciones enfocadas en el tipo de régimen político y aquellas que se centran únicamente en la institucionalización partidaria o únicamente en el personalismo Por el contrario, propone que la combinación de los últimos dos factores explica el tipo de partidismo encontrado en cada caso / O artigo estuda a relação entre os governos e os partidos de governo no Peru entre 1980 e 2011Especificamente, este artigo propõe analisar o partidismo do governo: a participação no governo da organização política com ao que presidente ganhou as eleições No primeiro lugar, ordena os governos peruanos ao redor de quatro tipos de partidismo: (i) o governo do partido, (ii) o governo sem partido («governo do messias»), e o governo de coligação em suas dois versões; que podem ser (iii) o governo de coligação hegemônica e (iv) o governo de coligação pluralista No segundo lugar, este artigo propõe explicar os dois tipos de partidismo encontrados no país: os governos de coligação hegemônica como o governo Fernando Belaúnde (1980-1985) e o governo do Alan Garcia (1985-1990) e, por outro lado, os governos sem partido como o governo de Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), o governo do Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006) e Alan García (2006-2011) Para isso, descarta as explicações centralizadas no tipo de regime político e aqueles que só centralizam na institucionalização partidária ou só no personalismo Pelo contrario, este artigo propõe que a mistura dos últimos dois fatores explicam o tipo de partidismo encontrado em cada caso
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Vznik a ukončení nenarozeného života / Birth and termination of unborn lifeLUŇÁKOVÁ, Jana January 2011 (has links)
The thesis deals with the problem of the origin of human life and abortion. It focuses on different approaches to the question as to when unborn human life becomes a person, and, consequently, when it should be guaranteed the right to life. The thesis is divided into four main chapters corresponding to four main aspects of the issue of abortion. The first chapter provides information from embryological (biological creation of man) and medical (abortion) perspective. The second chapter deals with the abortion legislation in the Czech Republic (history and current situation). The third chapter examines different ethical questions such as identity of the person, the right to decide about their own body, etc. The last chapter gives an account on person and abortion from the Christian point of view.
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Crise da pessoa e a crise da educação: um estudo na perspectiva personalista de Emmanuel Mounier / Crisis of the person and the education crisis: a study from the perspective of personalist Emmanuel MounierPAULA, Ricardo Almeida de 27 August 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / This thesis has as main purpose to study Emmanuel Mounier´s personalist thought as
shown in his Oeuvres edited by Paulette Mounier in four volumes, published by
Editions du Seuil from 1961 to 1963. The personalism is a movement with a wide
philosophic renews and has the person as its core. In this manner, the study of being a
person has its implications on Education. According with its Christian anthropological
premise the Mounier´s philosophy sees the human being gifted with a imago, image,
and throughout his transcendence with imago Dei, God´s image. The study of
Mounier´s works and thinkers in the personalist context and philosophy of Education
gave us perception of centrality of the person role as reference on contemporaneity. We
affirm that personalism was lived as a philosophy which has the person as its core and
therefore it is an Integral humanism, nevertheless the person´s concept and idea come
from Mounier´s professed christianism, in this manner a Christian humanism. We
assured that the personalism is a philosophy. The problem comes because Mounier
marked his thought as an attitude more than a doctrine. However, personalism is a
philosophy because it does not miss to it accuracy na systematization. Notwithstanding,
it is a philosophy outdoor, out of academic walls, a lived and acted philosophy, a
pluriform philosophic proposal, having the human person as its convergence center. We
elucidated that the personalist thought is not underneath to the philosophical Brazilian
thought building, on the contrary it was forbidden due the confusion made by the
military system which understood its Marxist or communist and therefore prejudicial to
the nation. Throughout social and communitarians movements as CEBs, JEC, JUC, AP,
where had participated thinkers like Alceu Amoroso Lima and Henrique Lima Vaz the
conscience of being personal in a repressive context and educational was of crucial importance for social-historical-educational development in Brazil. We discussed the
meaning of the word education showing to be this changing and valorative attitude
concerning the person that aims the transformation of the being of human person. We
distinguished educational practice of institutional school practice, being the first
understands the human educability and the second seeks to maintain the order
ideologically established. We got the conclusion that the perceived crisis in the
educational behavior was triggered by the person absence as being of education. The
absence of a more defined anthropology, integral and proper about human person gives
variable character to the education according to its thought about human being and
humanization. Through Mounier´s thought we can retake the person´s concept as itself
rescuing him in his communitarian-social aspect and at the same time as the center of all
educational proposals. / Esta tese tem como principal objetivo estudar o pensamento personalista de Emmanuel
Mounier conforme apresentado nas Oeuvres editadas por Paulette Mounier em quatro
volumes, publicadas pelas Editions du Seuil, de 1961-1963. O personalismo constitui-se
como um movimento de ampla renovação filosófica que tem como centro a pessoa.
Desta sorte, o estudo do ser pessoa tem suas implicações na educação. Dentro de sua
premissa antropológica cristã, a filosofia mounierista percebe o ser humano dotado de
uma imago, imagem, e, mediante sua transcendência, de imago Dei, imagem de Deus. O
estudo das obras de Mounier, e pensadores no contexto do personalismo e da filosofia
da educação nos deu a percepção da centralidade do papel da pessoa enquanto
referência na contemporaneidade. Afirmamos que o personalismo foi vivido como uma
filosofia que tem a pessoa como centro, portanto, um humanismo integral, contudo, a
idéia e conceito de pessoa partem do cristianismo professado por Mounier, dessa forma,
um humanismo cristão. Afirmamos que o personalismo é uma filosofia. A problemática
se instaura pelo fato de Mounier o ter assinalado mais como uma atitude do que como
doutrina. Contudo, o personalismo é uma filosofia, pois, não lhe faltam o rigor e a
sistematização. Porém, uma filosofia postulada fora dos muros acadêmicos, uma
filosofia vivida e agida, uma proposta filosófica pluriforme, com o centro de
convergência para a pessoa humana. Elucidamos que o pensamento personalista não é
subjacente à construção do pensamento filosófico brasileiro, ao contrário, foi proibido
devido à confusão feita pelo regime militar taxando-o de marxista , comunista e,
portanto, pernicioso à nação. Através dos movimentos sociais-comunitários como as
CEBs, JEC, JUC, AP, dos quais participaram pensadores da ordem de Alceu Amoroso Lima e Henrique Lima Vaz, a consciência de ser pessoal num contexto repressivo e
educacional foi de crucial importância para o desenvolvimento sócio-históricoeducacional
no Brasil. Discutimos a concepção do termo educação mostrando ser esta
uma atitude transformadora e valorativa da pessoa, que visa todas as áreas da existência
humana e, ainda, visa a transformação do ser da pessoa humana. Distinguimos a prática
educativa da prática escolar institucionalizada, sendo que a primeira percebe a
educabilidade humana e a segunda procura manter ordem ideologicamente estabelecida.
Concluímos que a crise percebida no meio educacional foi deflagrada pela ausência da
pessoa como ser da educação. Ausência de uma antropologia mais definida, integral e
própria sobre a pessoa humana, confere à educação um caráter variável a respeito do
que entende por ser humano e humanização. Através do pensamento de Mounier
podemos retomar o conceito de pessoa enquanto tal resgatando-a em seu aspecto
comunitário-social e ao mesmo tempo como centro de toda proposta educacional.
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O conceito de \"pessoa humana\" no âmbito da bioética brasileira / The human person concept within Brazilian bioethicsMaria Carolina Lucato 09 September 2009 (has links)
A bioética é uma ciência que surgiu no início da década de 1970 nos Estados Unidos, com objetivo de criar uma ponte entre a ciência biológica e a área dos valores. No Brasil, a bioética chega, efetivamente, em 1995, a partir da fundação da Sociedade Brasileira de Bioética e da promulgação da Resolução 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, que regulamenta a pesquisa com seres humanos no país. A bioética possui vários modelos e dentre eles está o Personalismo Ontologicamente Fundado, criado por Elio Sgreccia. Esta linha de pensamento se funda na pessoa humana, ou seja, a pessoa deve ser o critério de avaliação frente a um dilema bioético. Toda pessoa humana é unitotalidade, dotada de uma dignidade. Ela é formada pelas dimensões física, psíquica, social, moral e espiritual. Este modelo considera que toda vida humana tem início com a fecundação e fim com a morte natural. Mas este conceito de pessoa humana não é o único no âmbito da bioética. Por isso, no presente trabalho, se pretendeu através da hermenêutica de Gadamer, identificar o conceito de pessoa humana utilizado no Brasil. Foram recolhidas 63 referências no site da Bireme através de palavras-chave identificadas na revisão da literatura. Destas referências, 50 foram lidas na íntegra e algumas categorias foram criadas para dividi-las, sendo elas: Início da vida, Final da vida, Prática da Saúde, Saúde Pública e Temas Variados. Os textos foram resumidos e interpretados com o objetivo de se identificarem aspectos relativos ao conceito de pessoa humana. Na discussão, os aspectos referentes ao Personalismo Ontologicamente Fundado foram evidenciados como contraponto de conceitos de outros modelos. E o critério utilizado no sentido de reconhecer o conceito de pessoa humana foi a experiência elementar, entendida como a experiência que cada pessoa faz, a partir de um critério de juízo, e através da correspondência com sua realidade. No Brasil, em relação ao Início da vida, os pesquisadores em sua maioria, consideram que a vida tem início em qualquer momento posterior à fecundação; diferentemente do conceito da bioética personalista que determina o início da vida na fecundação. Em relação ao final da vida, os conceitos de dividem, sendo que metade pensa na morte natural, e metade pensa que a pessoa deve ter autonomia para decidir pelo final de sua vida. Os que falam em morte natural, admitem os cuidados paliativos como saída para os doentes incuráveis se verem acolhidos em seu sofrimento, como diz também o personalismo ontologicamente fundado. Em relação à prática à saúde, a autonomia aparece predominantemente como auxiliar à prática médica, mas em alguns artigos este princípio aparece como a parte da pessoa de maior importância na relação paciente - equipe de saúde. De acordo com a bioética personalista o critério último frente à prática clínica deve ser SEMPRE a pessoa humana. Na saúde pública foram evidentes os aspectos relacionados à grupos vulneráveis e à necessidade de intervenção do Estado, tendo faltado a ênfase ao protagonismo da pessoa, da sociabilidade e da subsidiariedade. E no que tange a eugenia, os autores falaram em tolerância à ela e respeito à vontade da maioria da sociedade, enquanto a bioética personalista fala em considerar o diferente, o diverso, através do reconhecimentos de sua dignidade humana. Assim, no Brasil os conceitos relacionados à definição de pessoa humana são bastante diversos. Concluindo, é preciso fazer com que a comunidade bioética brasileira comece a considerar o conceito de pessoa do personalismo ontologicamente fundado, a partir do olhar para sua própria experiência, tendo como critério de juízo sua própria realidade. E utilizar essa experiência de pessoa nos momentos em que seja necessário decidir sobre as intervenções que se faz sobre a vida. / Bioethics is a science that emerged in the beginning of the 70s in the U.S. by aiming at creating a new connection between biologic science and values. Bioethics effectively arrived in Brazil in 1995 as of the foundation of the Sociedade Brasileira de Bioética [Brazilian Bioethics Society] and the publication of Decree 196/96 by the National Health Council, which rules over research with human beings in the country. Bioethics presents several models, wherein the Ontologically Based Personalism as created by Elio Sgreccia can be found. This train of thought is based on the human person, i.e. the person needs to be the assessment criteria before a bioethical dilemma. Every human person is a unitotality who is endowed with dignity. She is formed by physical, psychic, social, moral and spiritual dimensions. This model considers that all forms of human life begin upon conception and end with natural death. But this human person concept is not the only one within the bioethical scope. Thus, we intended to identify herein the human person concept used in Brazil through Gadamer\'s hermeneutics. 63 references from the Bireme website were collected through key-words identified in the revision of the literature. From among them, 50 were read completely and some categories were created so as to divide them, namely being: Beginning of Life, End of Life, Practicing Health, Public Health and Various Subjects. The texts were summarized and interpreted by aiming at identifying aspects concerning the human person concept. Aspects regarding the Ontologically Based Personalism were evinced as counterpoint to the concepts from other models within the discussions, and the criteria used to recognize the human person concept was the elementary experience that is understood as the one each person undergoes as of judgment criteria, as well as through the correspondence to its reality. In Brazil, most researchers consider life begins at any moment after conception when referring to the Beginning of life, as opposed to the concept of personalistic bioethics which understands the beginning of a new life happens upon conception. Regarding the end of life, the concepts are divided, whereby half of researched authors admit palliative care as an exit for terminally-ill patients for them to be soothed in their suffering, just as the Ontologically Based Personalism also suggests, and the other half thinks the person needs independence to decide the end of his life, offering hence an opening to euthanasia. In regard to practicing health, the principle of independence appears predominantly as part of the base of medical practice, whereby this principle appears in some articles as the part of the person with the biggest importance in the patienthealthcare team relation. For personalistic bioethics, the ultimate criterion before the clinical practice has to serve as the foundation for the human person. Authors who work with public healthcare themes showed evident aspects related to vulnerable groups and to the need of State intervention, wherein the emphasis on the persons leadership has been missing, in addition to sociability and subsidiarity. Concerning eugenics, authors speak of tolerance toward it and respecting the will of the majority of society, while personalistic bioethics speak of considering what is different and diverse through the acknowledgment of human dignity. Thus, the concepts related to the definition of the human person are quite diverse in Brazil. In summary, it is necessary to help the Brazilian bioethical community become acquainted with the concept of the person as resumed by the Ontologically Based Personalism, by looking at our experience and by having our own reality as judgment criteria, as well as using this experience of person when it is necessary to take decisions in regard to life.
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"Mundo da desordem", "homem cordial" e a ordem contemporanea do capital : uma analise do esquema interpretativo de Roberto SchwarzRe, Henrique Antonio 24 February 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Fernando Antonio Lourenço / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:34:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este trabalho procura discutir a interpretação do andamento histórico da sociedade brasileira, apresentada por Roberto Schwarz, a partir de duas de suas fontes: o livro RaÍzes do Brasil, de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e alguns ensaios de Antonio Candido, com destaque para a "Dialética da malandragem". Este procedimento permitiu compreender de que modo algumas contribuições desses dois autores foram incorporadas ou recusadas quando da construção daquela interpretação. Possibilitou ainda compreender essas
divergências como contribuições ao processo de fonnação do pensamento social brasileiro, uma vez que foram analisadas através do debate intelectual no qual surgiram / Abstract: The present dissertation strives to discuss the interpretation of the historical process of the Brazilian society presented by Roberto Schwarz, from two sources: the book Raizes do Brasil, by Sérgio Buarque de Holanda and some essays by Antonio Candido, chiefly the "Dialética da malandragem". The procedure enabled the comprehension of how the contributions of both authors were accepted or refused when that interpretation was made. It also enabled the comprehension of the divergences as contributions to the process of formation of the Brazilian social thought, since they were analyzed through the intellectual debate from which they came u / Mestrado / Sociologia / Mestre em Sociologia
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Ethique et démocratie: la problématique du personnalisme de Jacques Maritain :essai d'éthique politiqueNkulu Kabamba, Olivier January 1995 (has links)
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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The Trinitarian Form of the Church: Church as Christ’s Sacrament and the Spirit’s Liturgy of CommunionZeitzmann, Robert Mark 09 August 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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Filosofie naděje N. A. Berďajeva / Berdyaev's Philosophy of HopeMúčka, Jakub January 2020 (has links)
The Christian concept of hope is often criticised for the asceticism, renouncement, and passiveness in expecting the arrival of God's kingdom in "future time". On the contrary, the eschatology of Nikolai Berdyaev in Christian philosophy speaks about the necessary transformation of the world by the human itself, determining the arrival of God's kingdom. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the concept of hope related to the world, which is currently estranged and objectified. This approach is further looked upon in the context of similarly eschatologically-orientated Ernst Bloch's Philosophy of hope, Jürgen Moltmann's Theology of hope, and Johann Baptist Metz's Political theology. The thesis aims to evaluate the extent of the transferability of Berdyaev's thinking into current debates about the Christian philosophy of hope. Keywords: Christian philosophy, Personalism, Philosophy of hope, Philosophy of history, Christian eschatology, Political theology
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Hledání pravdy jako základní mravní nárok / Quest for truth as a fundamental moral claimJakoubek, Jiří January 2013 (has links)
Is it possible to describe questing for truth as a fundamental moral claim? If so, in what meaning than? The goal of the submitted work is to find the answer to these questions. As the starting point of reflections serves a characteristic of a man as a person in spirit of dialogical personalism. This correspond with personal project conception of moral truth. That is put in connection with the life story of Jesus of Nazareth as a true man. With the assistence of the terms "conscience" and "liberty" is the final conception of moral truth set in a wider purview of ethical reflections and consequently confrontated with teaching of encyclical "Veritas splendor".
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From Pietism to Pluralism: Boston Personalism and the Liberal Era in American Methodist Theology, 1876-1953Yong, Amos 01 January 1995 (has links)
Boston personalism has generally been recognized as a philosophic system based upon a metaphysical idealism. What is less known, however, is that the founder of this school of thought and some of the major contributors to the early development of this tradition were committed members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
The purpose of this study is to examine the contributions made by the early Boston personalists to the cause of theological liberalism in the Methodist Church. It will be shown that personalist philosophers and theologians at Boston University ushered in and consolidated the liberal era in Methodist theology. Further, it will be argued that the religious demands of the philosophy of personalism eventually led some members of the tradition from theological liberalism to modernism and the beginnings of a religious pluralism. In other words, the thesis of this study is that the early Boston personalists were theological innovators in the Methodist Church, leading the denomination from its nineteenth-century evangelical pietism to the modernism and pluralism that was part of mid-twentieth century American Protestantism.
The focus of this study will therefore be on the first two generations of personalists at Boston University: the founder of the personalist tradition, Borden Parker Bowne, and two of his most prominent students, Albert Cornelius Knudson and Edgar Sheffield Brightman. One chapter is devoted to each of figure, focused upon the impact of their personalist philosophy and methodology on their theology and philosophy of religion, and their influence on American Methodist theology.
The period this study, which commences from the time of Bowne's appointment to the Department of Philosophy at Boston University in 1876 to the death of both Knudson and Brightman in 1953, reveals how Methodism grappled with the theological implications raised by the complexities of modernity and the emerging sciences. Attention will be focused on how the philosophical method of the personalists dictated their movement from pietism toward liberalism and onto modernism and pluralism. As such, this study demonstrates the integral role played by the Boston personalist tradition in theological development during the liberal era of American Methodism.
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