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Submitted by Gilmar Barros (gilmargomesdebarros@gmail.com) on 2015-05-12T17:00:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Rafael Penna.pdf: 5494264 bytes, checksum: 3a53496319b33a5169c281e0bcb7a800 (MD5) / Rejected by Vitor de Carvalho (vitor_carvalho_im@hotmail.com), reason: - Sobrenomes de autor/orientador não podem estar em caixa alta; - Falta um dos sobrenomes da orientadora. on 2015-06-12T19:44:55Z (GMT) / Submitted by Gilmar Barros (gilmargomesdebarros@gmail.com) on 2015-06-15T15:33:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Rafael Penna.pdf: 5494264 bytes, checksum: 3a53496319b33a5169c281e0bcb7a800 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vitor de Carvalho (vitor_carvalho_im@hotmail.com) on 2015-06-22T18:57:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Rafael Penna.pdf: 5494264 bytes, checksum: 3a53496319b33a5169c281e0bcb7a800 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-22T18:57:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Rafael Penna.pdf: 5494264 bytes, checksum: 3a53496319b33a5169c281e0bcb7a800 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / O avanço tecnológico dos últimos anos ocasionou mudanças na maneira como as pessoas se relacionam. Dispositivos computacionais, sensores e atuadores se fazem presentes na vida das pessoas atualmente, de maneira que os mundos físico e virtual se misturam. Propostas de sistemas físico-cibernéticos (Cyber-Physical Systems ou CPS) surgem com o intuito de integrar os sistemas computacionais com objetos do mundo físico. Neste novo contexto, as discussões dos impactos tecnológicos nos ambientes escolares são importante, estabelecendo novas áreas de pesquisa, como ensino eletrônico, educação à distância, aprendizagem móvel e aprendizagem ubíqua. Dentro dessas áreas, os Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVAs), que são sistemas computacionais disponíveis na internet, destinados ao suporte de atividades mediadas pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, são bastante utilizados e estudados. Esses ambientes podem ser identificados por uma série de características que envolvem interação entre alunos e professores, oportunidades de socialização e concepção de informação, propostas pedagógicas, representação do espaço virtual, entre outras. No entanto, os AVAs costumam apresentar possibilidades restritas de lidar com as informações do mundo físico. Esta tese tem como foco a integração de elementos reais/físicos em AVAs, através de interfaces humano-computador avançadas. Para tanto, propõe-se a definição de Ambientes Físico- Virtuais de Aprendizagem, discutindo suas características e um modelo conceitual de referência. Por fim, a plataforma Toogle, proposta para implementação de sistemas físicocibernéticos, é aprimorada e utilizada no desenvolvimento desses novos espaços. / Technological advances in recent years has brought about changes in the way people relate. Computing devices, sensors and actuators are present in the in people's lives today, in a way that the physical and virtual worlds mix. Proposals of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) arise in order to integrate computer systems with the physical world objects.In this new context, discussions about technological impacts on school environments are important, establishing new areas of research, such as e-learning, distance education, mobile learning and ubiquitous learning. Within these areas, the Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs), which are computer systems available on the Internet, intended to support activities mediated by information and communication technologies, are widely used and studied. These environments can be identified by a number of features that involve interaction between students and teachers, socialization opportunities, educational proposals, representation of virtual space, among others. However, VLEs often have limited possibilities to deal with the information of the physical world. This dissertation focuses on the integration of real / physical elements in VLEs, through advanced human-computer interfaces. We propose the definition of Cyber-Physical Learning Environments, discussing their characteristics and a reference conceptual model. Finally, the Toogle plataform, proposed to implement cyber-physical systems, is enhanced and used to develop these new spaces.

Betoningen i fritidshemmets och dess pedagogers uppdrag ligger på det som många gånger är oförutsägbart – lek, utforskande och kreativa arbetssätt samt att främja elevers fantasi och kreativitet. Fritidshemmet är även en fysisk plats – en komplex miljö där förväntningar om informellt lärande och omsorg ska iscensättas och ta plats. Den fysiska inomhusmiljön i fritidshemmet och pedagogernas roll i att använda den som en del av det pedagogiska uppdraget finns inte i detalj specificerat i styrdokumenten och är ett område som inte tidigare prioriterats högt i akademisk forskning, men kan ses vara på tydlig uppgång. Studien, som genomförts i form av samtalspromenader tillsammans med pedagoger på fyra fritidshem i Skåne syftar till att – genom ett designteoretiskt och sociokulturellt perspektiv – belysa pedagogers intentioner och praktiker kring att främja elevers kreativitet och fantasi i och genom den fysiska inomhusmiljön på fritidshemmet. Den ställer även frågan kring vilka artefakter som används för detta syfte och på vilket sätt de presenteras för eleverna. Studiens resultat visar en samstämmig bild av både det utbud av artefakter som presenteras för elever i syfte att främja kreativitet och fantasi, och ett ospecificerat uppdrag som i högsta grad är levande för pedagogerna men många gånger är marginaliserat. / The emphasis of Swedish leisure-time teachers assignment lies in the unpredictable characteristics of play, explorative and creative ways of working and encouraging child fantasy and creativity. The leisure time centre is also a physical space where a complex mix of expectations of informal learning and care takes place.   The physical learning environment of Swedish leisure-time centres, and the teacher’s assignment concerning it, is neither in detail regulated in steering documents nor well documented in academic research but seems to be an upcoming subject of attention.   This study, which has been executed as walking interviews with teachers in four Swedish leisure-time centres, aims to – through a sociocultural and multimodal theoretical perspective – illustrate the intention and applied practices concerning the encouraging of child fantasy and creativity in and through physical learning environment. It also aims to explore the use and range of artifacts and how they are presented to children.   The results of this study present a unanimous picture of the range of artifacts used and an assignment highly vivid to the teachers but still unspecified as well as marginalized.

Syftet med den här studien är att bidra med kunskap om hur social, pedagogisk och fysisk lärmiljö är utformad i grundsärskolans klassrum. Utifrån syftet besvaras tre frågeställningar: Hur är den sociala lärmiljön utformad, hur är den pedagogiska lärmiljön utformad och hur är den fysiska lärmiljön utformad? Studien bygger på tolv observationer i fyra klassrum på tre grundsärskolor. Observationerna har sin grund i ett observationsschema som är skapat utifrån de tankar SPSM har i Värderingsverktyg för tillgänglig utbildning – förskola, skola och fritidshem (2018). Syftet med mitt observationsschema var att kunna registrera om mina observationspunkter förekom och i vilken utsträckning de i så fall användes. Observationsschemat innehöll tre teman/bedömningsområden. De bedömningsområden som användes var fysisk miljö, social miljö och pedagogisk miljö. Under varje område fanns det bedömningspunkter och inom det pedagogiska fanns det tre frågor som hade skattningsskalor som var graderade från hela tiden, oftast, sällan och aldrig. Resultaten visar att den sociala lärmiljön var utformad kring de vuxna. Det fanns aktiviteter som möjliggjorde relationer och skapade gemenskap i klassrummen. Lärarna fick alla att vara delaktiga i den sociala kontexten. Dock saknades det möjligheter för eleverna att interagera med varandra.  Den pedagogiska lärmiljön var till största delen uppbyggd på och kring aktiviteter som främjade delaktigheten. Den sociala och kommunikativa delen fick stort utrymme. Dock saknades det struktur och det fanns brister i att anpassa undervisningen och individanpassat material. Resultaten i den fysiska lärmiljön visar på två olika sidor. Den ena sidan handlar om mindre justeringar och byggnationer som lärare och hantverkare kan åtgärda vilket är gjort i de flesta klassrummen. Den andra sidan visar stora brister som kräver stora ombyggnationer av lokalerna. / The purpose of this study is to contribute with knowledge on how social, pedagogical and physical learning environments in classrooms are designed in schools for persons with an intellectual disability. Based on this purpose the aim is to answer three different questions: How is the social learning environment designed? How is the pedagogical learning environment designed? and How is the physical learning environment designed? The study is based on twelve observations in four classrooms in three different schools. The observations follows an observation schedule based on the thoughts of SPSM in ”Värderingsverktyg för tillgänglig utbildning-förskola, skola och fritidshem” (2018). The purpose of my observation schedule was to observe which, if any, of the tools were used and to what extent. The observation schedule contained three schedules/assessment areas. The assessment areas were physical environment, social environment and pedagogical environment. Each area included assessment points and the pedagogical area contained three questions with rating scales from “all the time”, “often”, “not so often” and “never”.  Results show that the social learning environment is structured around adults. There were activities facilitating relationships and fellowship in the classrooms. All the teachers were able to engage in the social context. However, students lacked opportunities to interact with each other.  The pedagogical learning environment was to a large extent composed of and based around activities that promoted participation. Social interactions and communication figured prominently. There was however a lack of structure, of adapting teaching and provision of personalised teaching material. Results of the physical learning environment is displayed over two pages. One is about possible minor adjustments and additions that teachers and craftsmen could implement, although such adjustments and additions have been implemented in a majority of the classrooms. On a final note, there is one environment that have major shortcomings and that is the physical environment. This environment demands for major reconstructions of school premises.

Thesis (M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / The blame for the decline in performance of Grade 11 and 12 Economics learners in District has been levelled on poor school resources, poorly trained teachers, and teachers’ ability to execute their duties. Other stakeholders blame teachers for the poor performance of learners. Due to that this study was conducted to explore teachers’ views on causes of poor performance in Economics among Grade 11 and 12 learners in Matlalane Circuit, Limpopo Province. Quantitative surveys and qualitative case study were used as research design. Data was collected using survey questionnaires and interviews. The study distributed 80 questionnaires to Economics teachers across Mogalakwena District and 100% response rate was achieved. The researcher also conducted one-to-one interviews among six Economics teachers and 3 Heads of Department (HoDs). Quantitative data was analysed using mathematical and statistical tools and was presented using tables, graphs, and charts. Qualitative data was presented using thematic and narrative analysis. This study identified seven (7) themes, namely, the (1) poor teaching environment and lack of teaching and learning resources; (2) lack of interest and negative attitudes by Economics learners; (3) poor teaching experience and content gap; (4) teachers perceive Economics as a difficult subject; (5) inadequate support from parents, school leadership and department; (6) poor discipline in schools; and (7) increased teenage pregnancy in schools in mining areas. This study recommends in-serve training of Economics teachers; provision of teaching and learning resources to schools; promotion of parents’ involvement and participation in their children’s learning; provision of support from the Department of Education in addressing school discipline and teenage pregnancy. This study identified the factors that cause poor learners’ performance in Economics. However, other aspects that are critical for changing the course of action, as required by the pragmatic paradigm, were not explored because they were not focus areas for this study. I therefore recommend further studies that on teaching and assessment strategies used by Economics teachers. There is a need for further study on strategies used by the Economics teachers; the level of commitment to their work; amount of written work given to Economics learners and the discipline in schools.

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The purpose of this study is to show the discourses that we can see in the texts from RFSU (2015) and “Rädda Barnen” (2013) about children's sexuality, we connect this empiricism to the preschool curriculum. Furthermore, we highlight the gaps that we can see are the different discourses in the texts and how present or absent physical factuality is. We also want to examine what it could mean for our didactic work with body factuality. Generally, there are a lot of texts about the importance of playfulness and many expressions that leave room for interpretation to the reader. We believe that concepts like playful, positive, equality, security, develop a responsible sexuality, private body parts, intimately, and so forth leaves subjective to interpretation of each individual preschool teacher. Children are described exploring their sexuality through play, were the body are in focus, but are often described limited as children's sexuality. Children's bodily feelings and sexuality described indistinct and confused resulting in that the body is made invisible. The discourses make themselves prominent in our discourse analysis is sexuality discourse, disquieting and fear discourse, discourse of norms, materialistic corporal discourse and the invisible discourse.

Digital Interaction I.4 / From point 1 Introduction: In recent years there has been an increasing need for a sustainable transformation in higher education that focuses on integrating digital and physical learning experiences (Abad-Segura et al., 2020; Kreuzer et al., 2022). This paper reports a blended learning approach combining online team learning with face2face interactions. The primary objective is to enhance learners‘ 21st-century skills, particularly in teamwork, interdisciplinarity, and international collaboration. The blended learning course was implemented first time in the summer term of 2023 with 30 participating students from Albania and Germany, supported by Erasmus + KA171 funds for short-term mobilities. The aim is to foster trust, commitment, and coordination while expanding digital competencies and promoting active online engagement.