Sedan flera år tillbaka har kvinnor inte haft samma förutsättningar inom polisbranschen som män, däremot har polisyrket på senare år blivit mer jämställt. Allt fler kvinnor kommer in i branschen och arbetar i yttre tjänst. Av denna anledning har samhällets förväntningar på polisyrket förändrats och utvecklats - men än idag finns särskilda förväntningar på poliskvinnor. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur kvinnliga poliser i yttre tjänst skapar och formar en yrkesroll och professionell identitet i förhållande till polismyndighetens traditionellt sett maskulina arbetsplatsnormer. Denna kvalitativa studie har genomfört 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer av kvinnliga poliser som arbetar i yttre tjänst i Sverige. Med ett socialpsykologiskt perspektiv har detta arbete en utgångspunkt i teorier som berör normativt beteende, rolltagande, traditionella könsroller och identitetsskapande. Studien resulterade i att poliskvinnor formar en professionell identitet i förhållande till arbetsplatsen och dess arbetsplatsnormer, och även i förhållande till samhällets förväntningar på yrkesrollen. Kvinnliga poliser har en yrkesroll som utstrålar trygghet och medför lugn, vilket återspeglar ett emotionellt arbete. Detta bidrar till att poliskvinnor har ett stort socialt ansvar när de arbetar och förväntas vara omhändertagande / For several years, women have not had the same conditions in the police force as men, but in recent years the police profession has become more equal. More and more women are entering the industry and working in external service. For this reason, society's expectations of the police profession have changed and developed - but even today there are special expectations of police women. The aim of this study is to analyze how female police officers in external service create and shape a professional role and professional identity in relation to the police force’s traditionally masculine workplace norms. This qualitative study has conducted 10 semi-structured interviews of female police officers working in external service in Sweden. From a social psychological perspective, this work is based on theories that concern normative behavior, role-playing, traditional gender roles and identity creation. The study resulted in police women forming a professional identity in relation to the workplace and its workplace norms, and also in relation to society's expectations of the professional role. Female police officers have a professional role that radiates security and brings calm, which reflects an emotional work. This contributes to police women having a great social responsibility when they work and that they are expected to be caring.

摘要 性別主流是近代各國都相當關注的議題，無論制訂各項公共政策或討論與婦女權益有關的各項議題，都致力將性別平權的觀念納入。無性別歧視是為現代社會潮流所趨，警察人員是整體社會的一份子，自無法置之度外，而我國現階段所面臨最大的衝擊，應屬「女警政策」取消警察人力招考之性別限制，其女警比例每年勢必會提高，對於警察勤、業務推展及治安維護工作勢必有不同情勢之改變。而長期以來，警察勤務都在警察應該是專屬男性的工作之性別意識下運作，在性別平等的潮流中，女警本身的性別意識是否會影響警察勤務之執行，以及人數的擴增，這些因素並涉及「女警政策」的發展，因此，此課題實值得深究。 本研究採深入訪談法，計訪談12位女警，以探討專業警察機關任職的女警之性別意識發展歷程與認知、執行警察勤務現況及對女警政策的看法與建議。研究結果發現： 一、經濟考量，女性從警主因 女性投入警察職場，主要以以取得工作保障、家庭經濟因素為考量，而男性親友鼓勵女性從警，也是基於女警的工作性質大多比較沒有危險性。 二、價值內化，傳統角色殘存 在社會文化所規範的男女性別角色之下，導致女性從事警察工作仍處於相對不利的處境，女性依舊擔負家庭主要責任，而這也造成女警工作的限制。 三、女警勤務，實際與認知不同 女警本身對勤務編排的認知，大多能接受以任務需要為主；但單位主管基於女警安全問題，在實際規劃或編排勤務時，仍有明顯的性別考量。 四、值班婦幼，女警服勤具信心 從我國女警發展的過程，以往在保護迷婦迷童，增進到家庭暴力案件的處理、性侵害防治，婦幼人身安全防護等工作，卓有績效；相較於男女員警一律執行外勤警察勤務，尚須時日調整、適應。 五、女警招生，限定比例為宜 諸多因素考量，本研究發現女警人數，無須增加且應限定女警招生比例。 最後，本研究並依據研究發現，提出幾項建議：（一）支持女性從警，增強成就動機；（二）提高人的尊重，超越性別束縛；（三）建構專屬平台，分享執勤經驗；（四）執勤經驗智慧，需要累積傳承；（五）調整勤務規劃，加強機動與支援；（六）團隊模式學習，完善過渡時期；（七）重視人格特質，擘畫長遠願景；（八）性別主流策略，理論結合實務；及（九）限制女警名額，務實招生說明。 / Gender ideology is an issue that has received much concern from countries around the year lately, and they have, no matter if it is the formulation of various public policies or discussions of various issues concerning women’s rights, worked with effort to put in the concept of gender equality. For now, freedom from sexual discrimination has become the trend of modern society, and since police is a part of the entire community there is no way that they can be excluded from it. As such, the greatest impact we will be confronted at the stage should be of “policy of woman policy” as it has canceled the restriction for the recruitment of police manpower, and the proportion of police women will, for sure, increase annually, which will render diverse changes to various scenarios of police duty and business promotion as well as the work of order maintenance. For quite a long period of time, police duty has, actually, been operated under gender consciousness that it is of specialized male work. Therefore, within the trend of gender equality issues as if the gender consciousness of police women will affect the execution of policy, and increase of population that involve with the development of “police women” are most worthy for investigation. This study has employed in-depth interview, and 12 police women are interviewed so as to explore the development and recognition of gender consciousness of police women currently working in professional police authorities, current status in execution of police duty, and their view and suggestion regarding policy of police women. It is found with the study results as follows: 1. Economic consideration as primary cause for woman to work as police: It is mainly to obtain work security and economic consideration of family for consideration as women devote themselves into work. As for male friends and relatives who encourage woman to work as police, it is mostly because the work nature of police women is relatively less risky. 2. Value internalized, with surviving residue of traditional role-play: With the role-play stipulated socially and culturally for male and female, it has led to woman who involves in work of police women situated in relatively inferior context as woman would still have to shoulder the primary responsibility of the family, ending up with constraint upon work of police women. 3. Duty of police women – Gap between actuality and recognition: For recognition of duty arrangement for police women, most of them find it comfortable mainly to take duty as assigned. However, authority executives have, based on the concern for safety of police women, shown prominent gender consideration in actual planning or duty arrangement. 4. Duty for woman and children service – police women are confident with their duty: from the process of development in our police women, the aspects of their work has developed from protection of woman and children who have lost way in the past, to the administration of family abuse, sexual abuse, and safety protection of women, and significant results are observed. In comparison to male and female police who are, unanimously, assigned to work at the field for police duty, it will, still, take sometime for adjustment and adaptation. 5. Recruitment of policewomen should be appropriately set with proportion: With consideration of these various factors, this study finds that there is no need to increase the population of police women, and the recruitment of police women should be set down with certain proportion. At the end, this study has, based its research, discovered following findings, and would like to put forth several suggestions: 1. support woman to join police work, and increase their motive of achievement; 2. enhance respect for man, and surpass gender bondage; 3. establish specialized platform, and share duty-execution experience; 4. wisdom and experience of duty-execution have to be accumulated and passed on; 5. adjust duty planning, and strengthen mobility and support; 6. group model learning, and render transition period comprehensive; 7. focus on personality trait, and program for long-term vision; 8. gender ideology strategy, combination of theory and practice; 9. restrict quota for recruitment of police women, and conduct recruitment presentation in realistic terms.

MGS / Institute for Gender and Youth Studies

No description available.

Die doelwit van hierdie navorsing was om die ervaring van stres deur vroulike werknemers van die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens (SAPD) te ondersoek. Die Wet op Gelyke Indiensneming (Wet 55 van 1998), het vroue geïdentifiseer as deel van voorheen benadeelde groepe in ons land, Die arbeidsmark is hierdeur ook vir vroue toeganklik gemaak. Beroepsvroue word oorlaai deur veeleisende rolle. Hulle is dikwels enkelouers wat in hul beroepe gehaltewerk moet lewer terwyl hulle ook soms versorgers van familielede is. Die Werk- en Leefomstandighedevraelys (WLV) en biografiese vraelys is as navorsingsinstrumente aangewend om vlakke en oorsake van stres by SAPD-vroue te meet. Die resultate het aangedui dat beide groepe op loopbaanaangeleenthede hoë stresvlakke ervaar. Vroue in operasionele posisies het hoë stresvlakke ervaar rakende werktoerusting, organisatoriese eise, vergoeding en ander byvoordele. Vroeë loopbaangerigtheid en loopbaanbeplanning kan stres van vroulike SAPD-lede verminder. Die aanspreek van pos-spesifieke faktore kan stresvlakke van SAPD-vroue in operasionele posisies verder verlaag. / This study aimed to investigate the experience of stress among female staff of the South African Police Service (SAPS). The Employment Equity Act (Act 55 of 1998), identified females as part of previously disadvantaged groups in our country, and opened the labour market, including the SAPS, to women. Employed females are often overburdened by their demanding roles, being expected to deliver quality work in addition to bearing the responsibilities as single parents and carers for relatives. The Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire (EWLQ) and a biographical questionnaire were utilised for measuring the levels and causes of stress among female SAPS staff. The results indicated that both groups experienced high stress levels in one dimension, namely career opportunities. Females in operational roles experienced high stress levels regarding resoures, organisational demands, remuneration and benefits. Early career orientation and planning may reduce the stress experienced by female staff of the SAPS. / Dept. of Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Bedryf- en Organisasiesielkunde)