Rapa Nui (Easter Island) is an island in the Pacific Ocean which has been colonised over a long period of time. Colonisers have exploited the island through looting and trading Rapanui (the Indigenous people) human skeletal remains. Around ninety percent of the stolen Rapanui human skeletal remains have been located at museums and collections around the world on Rapanui initiative. Through the Rapa Nui Ka Haka Hoki Mi Ate Mana Tupuna Repatriation Program the Rapanui are now working on the return of the alienated human skeletal remains to the Island. This thesis is an analysis of semi structured interviews with inhabitants on Rapa Nui involved in repatriation and ethics of human skeletal remains. It has been carried out through a qualitative method using semi-structured interviews together with participant observation. The thesis is part of Martinsson-Wallin´s STINT-project ‘Sustainable Visits in Rapa Nui – Glocal Perspectives’. Based on the interviews, the analysis and results are divided into five themes: I) treatment of human skeletal remains, II) what laws exists in treating human skeletal remains, III) the possibility to narrow laws and concretize ethical perspectives before and during a repatriation, IV) theories in post-colonialism and V) recurrent issues between the law of the Indigenous peoples and the national law. Comparison with other cases of repatriation such as Sámi follows in Chapter 7. The results of the analysis show that according to the Rapanui, archaeological artefacts and human skeletal remains should be repatriated. Today the involved parties, the Rapanui and the institutions that are keeping collections from Indigenous cultures, are more willing to redress previous events. Such as, colonialization, violence, and social inequality but there is still a lot of respect and understanding that must be developed within several actors.

The diploma thesis tries to define the problematic of the fantastic and magic in Central European literature. It captures a selection of works published between the second half of the 20th century until today in which unrealistic elements are markedly presented (such as imaginary space, function of dreams, blending of natural and unnatural as well as myths) and time has a specific function. The main focus is on authors such as Daniela Hodrová, Daniel Kehlmann, Saša Stanišić, Olga Tokarczuk and Jáchym Topol. The aim of this work is to find out whether it is possible to understand Central European literature in categories such as magical realism or the fantastic, or whether Central Europe is so saturated with Western rationalism that all attempts to find magic fail.

This study concerns the alliance against clearcutting that has been formed between the Swedish environmental movement and the Sami movement. Earlier studies on environmentalist/Indigenous alliances have found that such cooperation often has been formed through reproductions of a colonial political relationship, perpetuating Indigenous peoples' structural marginality. This study therefore examines the production of solidarity within this alliance, and attends to how they challenge or reproduce a colonial power asymmetry. The analysis shows that the alliance has formed solidarity over identity and community borders, through conscious commitment to pluralism. This commitment has further shown to rely on the alliance functioning as a site of knowledge-sharing, placing embodied knowledge-practices central to a solidarity production of decolonization. The environmentalists in the alliance have by understanding and recognizing the forests they are seeking to protect as Indigenous land, and as occupied territory central to traditional cultural Indigenous life, enabled a decolonizing reconfiguration of the environment. Notwithstanding, the study problematize certain findings in relation to the risks they demonstrate of reproducing a colonial power asymmetry, and discusses the complexities of environmentalists claiming authority within foreign cultural landscapes, and carrying out protests affecting the social dynamics of Indigenous local communities. / Denna studie rör den allians mot kalhygge som bildats mellan den svenska miljörörelsen och den samepolitiska rörelsen. Tidigare studier om allianser mellan miljöaktivister och urbefolkningar har funnit att sådant samarbete ofta har bildats genom reproduktioner av en kolonial politisk relation, vilket vidmakthåller urbefolkningens strukturella marginalitet. Denna studie undersöker därför produktionen av solidaritet inom denna allians, och utforskar hur de utmanar eller reproducerar en kolonial maktasymmetri. Analysen visar att alliansen skapar solidaritet över identitets- och samhällsgränser, genom ett medvetet engagemang för pluralism. Detta engagemang möjliggörs genom att alliansen fungerar som en plats för kunskapsdelning, vilket placerar förkroppsligade kunskapspraktiker centralt för en solidarisk produktion av avkolonisering. Miljöaktivisterna i alliansen har, genom att förstå och erkänna skogarna som de försöker skydda som ockuperat territorium centralt för traditionellt kulturellt liv, möjliggjort en avkoloniserande omstrukturering av sin framställning av miljön. Studien problematiserar vidare vissa fynd i förhållande till de risker de utgör i att reproducera en kolonial maktsasymmetri, och diskuterar komplexiteten i att miljöaktivister gör anspråk på auktoritet inom främmande kulturlandskap och genomför demonstrationer som påverkar den sociala dynamiken i urbefolkningens lokalsamhällen.

In recent years I have been working on topics related to Post-colonialism in South America, as well as the conditions of immigrants in Europe. The main interest of my work involves questions about my roots and personal stories of migration. This situation has been the engine of my art for the last ten years. Through my installations, I have tried to express or represent some certain facts, that have marked the post-colonial situation in Latin America and Europe over the last years.  The slavery and exploitation of illegal labor are common working conditions for many people in South America, especially for those located in the jungles and slums. The Indigenous culture -its languages, values and traditions- have begun to disappear and been displaced by Western culture. Here in Europe, on the other hand, I feel 'alien' to the territory of my ancestors, due to the fact that my family comes from European immigrants in Argentina. Illegal labor has been also a part of my life, having experienced the condition of 'otherness' in Europe. Therefore, this project reflects upon my personal experience in relation to the unfair conditions of labor in autochthonous communities, researching the concept of 'otherness' taken from Post-colonial theories. It is for this purpose, that my methodologies include self-reflection, parallelism and metaphor. One of my purposes is toreveal those 'fake stories' used by the European acculturation in South America. I called these fake stories 'strategies', as they were used by the Colony for the reconstruction of a new National Identity in those countries. Therefore, convincing the Indigenous culture to adopt Western culture. The parts of my essay are a metaphor of different stages of narcotic's production, best called 'mobile labs' of the Amazon jungle.I have taken this concept to tell my story and to build up the laboratory as final representation. The first stage of this process is to weigh and measure the ingredients, followed by a mixture of substances and chemicals. Once mixed, it proceeds to three stages of filtering and purification. Then it is subjected to a press for semi-solid consistency and introduced into the oven to reach the compact state. The blocks will finally be packed with plastic film and adhesive tape, protecting them from adverse environmental conditions during transport and storage. Each chapter of this essay is also connected to the 'machines' constructed for my solo exhibition, following the same steps of Purification. Through this essay, I wanted to broaden my concept relating three main aspects: the colonial strategies of domination in South America, my personal work experience in Europe, and finally the unfair working conditions in marginal societies. Each of the 'machines' constructed for my installation is functional, ready to be activated according to the different parts of the cooking process and as a representation of a 'production line' in the system of labor. I also have chosen to wrap my body, as well as carefully chosen representative objects of the popular culture of South America, to finally pack them in cling film. As a result of this process of Purification, I have produced the 'final products' ready to be consumed here in the Western European countries.

abstract: The primary aim of this dissertation is to make a substantial contribution to the better understanding of the identity formations of Black Caribbean migrant women in Britain. The dissertation outlines a theory of Black female subject formation in Britain. This theory proposes that the process of subject formation in these women is an interrupted one. It further suggests that interruptions are likely to occur at four crucial points in the development of their identities. These four points are: 1) the immigrant identity; 2) the Caribbean identity; 3) “the Jamaican” identity; and 4) the Black British identity. In order to understand the racial and gendered dynamics of identity formation in these women, I hypothesized that the structure of institutional racism in Britain has taken the form of a “double wall” or a “double portcullis”, which much be scaled by these “immigrants”. My research, based on interviews with 15 Black professional women who identify with a Caribbean ancestry, confirmed very strongly the existence of this double portcullis. It further supported the hypothesis that the above points of identity transition were also points of possible interruption. My research also revealed that through a variety of social movements, cultural and political mobilizations, it has been possible to get over the negative stereotypes of the immigrant identity, the Caribbean identity, “the Jamaican” identity and to succeed getting over the first or the Black British wall of the double portcullis. For me, the most interesting findings of my research, are the continuing difficulties that the women I interviewed have faced in attempting to climb over the second portcullis to achieve the Black English identity. The dissertation concludes with some suggestions about the future of this “unfinished” Black British identity and its prospects for easier access to the Black English identity, and thus to “life success”. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Justice Studies 2019

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In 2011, France was the first European country to enforce the Concealment Act which statesthat any type of face concealing clothing in the public sphere is banned. France is a memberof the European Union, and the right to freedom of thought, religion and conscience is one ofthe significant fundamental human rights. Thus, questions arise whether this legislationinterferes with the religious liberty of Muslim women. This research is evaluating how thecontemporary ban is related to religious liberty when accounting for the historicalbackground. The research addresses the continuous attempt of France, especially afterIslamic terror attacks, to restrict the Islamic clothing and assimilate the French andwesternized identity to Muslim women. The principle of laicite and France’s historicalbackground shows the country's strong separation of religion and state.

This thesis studies spatial visibility of Greenlanders in Aalborg by particularly looking and examining three most notable places associated with the Greenlandic community in the city as an indicator into socio-economic conditions of Greenlanders. To meet the aim, ten interviews with the Greenlandic representatives in Aalborg were carried out to find out their feelings and experiences towards these places. This thesis looks at spatial visibility in cities as an indicator into broader socio-economic issues. The results demonstrate how different groups of Greenlanders in Aalborg use urban space to uphold and practice activities that are characteristic to them. Finally, the results indicate that Greenlanders in Aalborg are still heavily subjected to stereotyping and racism which brings attention to the need of Danish government to redesign  their integration policies.

This thesis examines the relationship between art and fashion in order to first, justify fashion as an art form, and second, demonstrate the applicability of critical theory to the study of fashion through an examination of Alexander McQueen's Spring/Summer 2006 menswear collection, titled “Killa,” presented in Milan, Italy, in 2005. “Killa,” loosely based on William Golding's 1954 novel Lord of the Flies and its 1963 film adaptation, opens with crisp, white, tailored suits worn by neatly groomed models. Steadily throughout the collection, these tailored suits are exchanged for wide-legged, cropped shorts, and tanks in browns and beiges. By the end, models appear on the runway with painted faces, wild hair, and highly patterned, dark-colored body suits and billowing capes. While “Killa” appears to demonstrate the narrative regression from civilized to savage demonstrated in Golding's novel, this thesis argues that McQueen's collection actually strives to promote a more positive ennobling of the Other. A careful study of his life and career suggests that McQueen perceived himself as the Other within the community in which he worked and lived. Frustrated by frequent misinterpretations of his work and false accusations of his character, “Killa” becomes McQueen's ultimate confrontation with Otherness. Positioning the Other at the climax of an elite fashion show, represented by Mesoamerican designs depicted through the highest quality tailoring, McQueen's Other is respected and revered, rather than looked down upon. In this way, McQueen challenges the perception of his own character within the fashion community. Ultimately this thesis seeks to demonstrate the necessity of the application of critical theory to objects of fashion. As demonstrated through the case study of McQueen's 2006 menswear collection, this academic consideration has the potential to reveal important overlooked meanings within the art of fashion. This suggests that McQueen's work, as well as the work of other contemporary fashion designers, merits more thoughtful and careful interpretation in the study of postmodern art history.

Det ingår i skolans uppgift att främja demokrati och mångfald och läromedlen spelar en viktig roll i detta arbete. Samtidigt visar forskning på att styrdokumenten för moderna språk har en tendens att hålla fast vid en konservativ kulturuppfattning som inte har anpassats tillräckligt till det globaliserade samhället. Hur påverkar detta kulturinnehållet i läromedlen? Vilken bild av de spanskspråkiga ländernas människor och kulturer kan eleverna tänkas få med sig efter att ha studerat spanska på gymnasienivå? Finns målspråksländernas kulturella mångfald representerad i läroböckerna i enlighet med ett demokratiskt förhållningssätt? Detta är några av de frågor jag söker svaren på i denna undersökning. / The aim of this essay is to explore the way Spanish-speaking cultures and peoples are presented in Upper Secondary language textbooks of Spanish. The study is carried out in the context of globalization and its effects on culture, identity and language teaching. Postcolonial theory and a constructivist perspective on culture provide the framework for the textual analysis which is divided into two main parts. The first part is a statistical overview of the geographical areas/countries of the Spanish-speaking world that are presented in the textbooks. The second part seeks to establish who, i.e. what type of individual, is representing the Spanish-speaking peoples in the texts. The concluding discussion revolves around whether the textbooks reflect a progressive multicultural approach, or if the colonial heritage of ethnocentrism still lingers in the view of culture conveyed.