The dissertation firstly looks at how the Arabic essay and short story developed in Egypt since the beginning of the nineteenth century. Then a discussion follows on the life and contribution of the Egyptian author, Mustafā Lutfī al-Manfalūtī, as representative of this literary evolution. The general influences on Egyptian literature are discussed, and the general development of Arabic prose from 1850 onwards is then detailed, including the efforts to save Arabic literature from stagnation and degeneration. Following this, the focus is on the origins of the essay and short story. This leads to dealing with the growth and advancement of the essay and short story, together with the revival of the Arabic heritage and how the Arabic novel came into being. Then Mustafā Lutfī al-Manfalūtīs biography, environmental circumstances and personalities that influenced his writings are focused on. Afterwards, the core discussion is Al-Manfalūtīs seven literary works, and his ideas and opinions as reflected in his writings. In conclusion, the relevance of his writings and an appraisal of his literary contributions are detailed. / Religious Studies & Arabic / M.A. (Arabic)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elias Bernardo de Brito Junior.pdf: 3799626 bytes, checksum: 22228005e02f419464abbaab14527542 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-05 / The Brazilians Baptists settled down in the national territory at the end of 19th century, proceeding from The United States of America. Here, in Brazil, they have experienced a period of great growth. Today they are located in all the units of the federation. Its expansionism has awakened the need to create means of communication that kept the immense group cohesive. The Brazilians Baptists of the State of Sao Paulo founded the Batista Paulistano periodical in 1909. The periodical had an informative mark, it divulged the activities developed and it was the mean of communication between the leadership and the members in the State. This project investigates the political role of the Batista Paulistano periodical from Jânio government to Medici government. Period that marks the transition from a democratic regime of duty for a dictatorial regime implanted by Brazilian arm. This project seeks analyze whether the official adopted a posture of impartiality or a political engagement in the fight against military dictatorship. In addition to recognize the importance of the periodical as an historic document revealing of the quotidian , Cosmovision and Baptist Thought / Os Batistas Brasileiros instalam-se no território nacional no final do século XIX, provenientes dos Estados Unidos da América. Aqui experimentam um período de grande crescimento. Hoje estão localizados em todas as unidades da federação. Seu expansionismo despertou a necessidade de criar meios de comunicação que mantivessem coeso o imenso grupo. Os Batistas Brasileiros do Estado de São Paulo fundaram o jornal Batista Paulistano no ano de 1909. O jornal tinha caráter informativo, divulgava as atividades desenvolvidas e era o canal de comunicação entre a liderança e a membresia no Estado. Este trabalho investiga o papel político do jornal Batista Paulistano do governo Jânio ao governo Médici. Período que marca a transição de um regime democrático de direito para um regime ditatorial implantado pelo Exército Brasileiro. Procura analisar se o jornal adotou uma postura de imparcialidade ou de engajamento político na luta contra a ditadura militar, além de reconhecer a importância do periódico como Documento Histórico revelador do cotidiano, da cosmovisão e do pensamento batista

The dissertation firstly looks at how the Arabic essay and short story developed in Egypt since the beginning of the nineteenth century. Then a discussion follows on the life and contribution of the Egyptian author, Mustafā Lutfī al-Manfalūtī, as representative of this literary evolution. The general influences on Egyptian literature are discussed, and the general development of Arabic prose from 1850 onwards is then detailed, including the efforts to save Arabic literature from stagnation and degeneration. Following this, the focus is on the origins of the essay and short story. This leads to dealing with the growth and advancement of the essay and short story, together with the revival of the Arabic heritage and how the Arabic novel came into being. Then Mustafā Lutfī al-Manfalūtīs biography, environmental circumstances and personalities that influenced his writings are focused on. Afterwards, the core discussion is Al-Manfalūtīs seven literary works, and his ideas and opinions as reflected in his writings. In conclusion, the relevance of his writings and an appraisal of his literary contributions are detailed. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Arabic)

Les missions catholiques au Japon au XVIe siècle se sont développées dans le contexte de l'expansion ibérique en Extrême-Orient. Les convertis ont fait bon accueil à l'art religieux introduit par les missionnaires. La présente étude dresse l'inventaire des principales œuvres d'art qui ont échappé aux destructions depuis l'interdiction du christianisme en 1614, retrace les différentes modalités de leur conservation depuis cette date et leur découverte progressive depuis 1865. Tout en présentant les traces iconographiques de l'action des ordres mendiants, une large place est réservée à l'activité des jésuites dans l'introduction de l'art occidental, en particulier par la fondation d'une école d'art à Nagasaki. L'étude des principales œuvres et de leur contexte historique permet de reconstituer les différentes facettes de la mission du Japon et de la situer au sein des réseaux de la mondialisation ibérique qui ont permis une circulation artistique entre l'Europe, le Japon et le Nouveau Monde. / Catholic missions in 16th century Japan developed within the context of lberian expansion in the Far East. The Japanese converts welcomed Western religious art. The present study draws up the list of the main works of art that have escaped destruction since 1614, describes their conservation and progressive discovery since the XIXth century, focuses on the role of the Jesuits in the introduction of Western art in Japan while presenting the artistic traces of the mendicants orders. The main works of art are set in their historical context. The Japanese mission is thus placed in the global networks of lberian expansion, which allowed artistic circulation between Europe, Japan and the New World.

Il primo secolo di storia della Franciscan Printing Press, tipografia francescana nata a Gerusalemme nel Convento di San Salvatore nel 1847, è stato suddiviso in quattro fasi, corrispondenti alle quattro parti della tesi di dottorato "Comunicare la fede: il fondamentale contributo della tipografia francescana di Gerusalemme (1847-1947). Un secolo di storia". La parte iniziale (che copre il triennio 1847-1850) è dedicata alle intricate vicende che hanno portato alla fondazione della stamperia, dal ristabilimento del Commissariato Generale di Vienna fino alla pubblicazione del primo vero volume, un Catechismo in arabo ed in italiano ad uso dei fedeli di Terra Santa del 1847. La seconda sezione si concentra su un periodo enormemente innovativo (1850-1879) e, al tempo stesso, gravemente critico. Dopo una ricognizione circa i nuovi strumenti in uso nell’officina (dal torchio d’accidente a quello litografico, passando per la creazione di un laboratorio per la fusione di caratteri tipografici), sono stati analizzati i nove anni (1865- 1874) più incerti della stamperia, in cui i francescani rischiarono a più riprese di perdere il possesso dell’officina. La terza sezione racconta una fase, quella tra 1879 e 1898, più tranquilla e stabile della precedente, ma non meno ricca di avvenimenti: tanti sono stati gli sforzi, in questo tempo, per disciplinare la FPP, uniformandola alle officine europee. I dati raccolti su questo periodo consentono anche una indagine della struttura sociale-culturale della Palestina di fine Ottocento. La quarta e ultima parte documenta, in fine, un periodo decisamente più lungo dei precedenti, che ha avuto inizio nel 1899 e si è concluso dopo la Seconda Guerra Mondiale, con la nascita dello Stato d’Israele. Cinquanta anni (o quasi), segnati da grandi e gravi sconvolgimenti politici, in cui la tipografia francescana è riuscita sempre a configurarsi come istituzione pacifica e costruttiva, mai polemica. Nel ricostruire i primi cento anni di attività di una tipografia che è casa editrice e insieme opera missionaria, e che ha anche il merito di essere stata la prima a stampare in arabo in tutta la Palestina, si può facilmente scadere nel racconto agiografico, nell’estremizzazione del lato sociologico. Contro il rischio di una lettura ideologica delle fonti si è quindi operata una scelta storiografica particolare, dettata dalla volontà di far parlare in prima persona gli attori che hanno vissuto concretamente tutte le fasi della stamperia francescano-gerosolimitana nel suo primo secolo di attività. Per questo motivo, all’interno della tesi, viene dato ampio spazio a due tipi di documenti, librari e archivistici (che occupano pure un’appendice dedicata in fine di ogni sezione). Per rendere più agevole la fruizione degli argomenti trattati, che coniugano la ricerca storica secondo il proprium della storia del libro, si poi è scelto di accompagnare il testo con fotografie inedite di libri, documenti d’archivio e attrezzi di stampa originali della Franciscan Press, ritrovati (tanto fortunatamente quanto fortuitamente) in un deposito sotterraneo del Convento di San Salvatore. / The first century of history of the Franciscan Printing Press, a Franciscan printing house established in Jerusalem at St. Saviour's Convent in 1847, has been divided into four phases, corresponding to the four parts of the doctoral dissertation “Communicating the Faith: the fundamental contribution of the Franciscan Printing Press in Jerusalem (1847-1947). A Century of History”. The initial part (that covers the three-year period 1847-1850) is dedicated to the intricate events that led to the founding of the printing house, from the re-establishment of the General Commissariat in Vienna to the publication of the first volume, a Catechism in Arabic and Italian for the use of the worshippers of the Holy Land in 1847. The second section focuses on an enormously innovative and critical period (1850-1879). After a survey of new and old tools used in the typography, the section focuses on nine years (1865-1874), in which the Franciscans risked several times to lose the possession of their Franciscan Printing Press. The third section covers a less complicated period, between 1879 and 1898: many efforts were made during this time to discipline the FPP, bringing it into line with European workshops. The data collected also allow an investigation of the social-cultural structure of Palestine at the end of the Nineteenth Century. The fourth and last part is focused on a longer period, started in 1899 and ended after the Second World War, with the birth of the State of Israel. Fifty years marked by great political upheavals, in which the Franciscan printing house always managed to configure itself as a peaceful and constructive institution.

Edición crítica en inglés de Palladine of England, libro de caballerías traducido al inglés por Anthony Munday en 1588 a través de su versión francesa L'Histoire Palladienne, de 1555. El libro original, ibérico y de autor anónimo, que Claude Colet tradujo al francés, es Don Florando de Inglaterra (1545). Esta edición crítica proporciona una introducción a la época, género y prácticas traductológicas de Munday; un seguimiento histórico de la obra, descripción bibliográfica, transcripción y edición del texto original con notas eruditas; y glosario, emendaciones y un apéndice de notas traductológicas.

The decades before the Scottish Reformation Parliament of 1560 witnessed the unprecedented use of a range of different media to disseminate the Protestant message and to shape beliefs and attitudes. By placing these works within their historical context, this thesis explores the ways in which various media – academic discourse, courtly entertainments, printed poetry, public performances, preaching and pedagogical tools – were employed by evangelical and Protestant reformers to persuade and/or educate different audiences within sixteenth-century Scottish society. The thematic approach examines not only how the reformist message was packaged, but how the movement itself and its persuasive agenda developed, revealing the ways in which it appealed to ever broader circles of Scottish society. In their efforts to bring about religious change, the reformers capitalised on a number of traditional media, while using different media to address different audiences. Hoping to initiate reform from within Church institutions, the reformers first addressed their appeals to the kingdom's educated elite. When their attempts at reasoned academic discourse met with resistance, they turned their attention to the monarch, James V, and the royal court. Reformers within the court utilised courtly entertainments intended to amuse the royal circle and to influence the young king to oversee the reformation of religion within his realm. When, following James's untimely death in 1542, the throne passed to his infant daughter, the reformers took advantage of the period of uncertainty that accompanied the minority. Through the relatively new technology of print, David Lindsay's poetry and English propaganda presented the reformist message to audiences beyond the kingdom's elite. Lindsay and other reformers also exploited the oral media of religious theatre in public spaces, while preaching was one of the most theologically significant, though under-researched, means of disseminating the reformist message. In addition to works intended to convert, the reformers also recognised the need for literature to edify the already converted. To this end, they produced pedagogical tools for use in individual and group devotions. Through the examination of these various media of persuasion, this study contributes to our understanding of the means by which reformed ideas were disseminated in Scotland, as well as the development of the reformist movement before 1560.

When Martin Luther supposedly nailed his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 to the Castle Church door in Wittenberg, the small town had only a single printing press. By the end of the century, Wittenberg had published more books than any other city in the Holy Roman Empire. Of the leading print centres in early modern Europe, Wittenberg was the only one that was not a major centre of trade, politics, or culture. This thesis examines the rise of the Wittenberg printing industry and analyses how it overtook the Empire's leading print centres. Luther's controversy—and the publications it produced—attracted printers to Wittenberg who would publish tract after tract. In only a few years, Luther became the most published author since the invention of the printing press. This thesis investigates the workshops of the four leading printers in Wittenberg during Luther's lifetime: Nickel Schirlentz, Josef Klug, Hans Lufft, and Georg Rhau. Together, these printers conquered the German print world. They were helped with the assistance of the famous Renaissance artist, Lucas Cranach the Elder, who lived in Wittenberg as court painter to the Elector of Saxony. His woodcut title page borders decorated the covers of Luther's books and were copied throughout the Empire. Capitalising off the demand for Wittenberg books, many printers falsely printed that their books were from Wittenberg. Such fraud played a major role in the Reformation book trade, as printers in every major print centre made counterfeits of Wittenberg books. However, Reformation pamphlets were not the sole reason for Wittenberg's success. Such items played only a marginal role in the local industry. It was the great Luther Bibles, spurred by Luther's emphasis on Bible reading, that allowed Wittenberg's printers to overcome the odds and become the largest print centre in early modern Germany.