Cette thèse a pour objectif d'enrichir la notion de professionnalisation. S'articulant autour des notions de régulation de l'entrée dans un corps professionnel et de fabrique de professionnels, elle propose une conception originale du processus de professionnalisation des formations universitaires. Elle tente principalement de construire une typologie des formations à partir de l'analyse synchronique et diachronique de leurs contenus et de leurs méthodes d'apprentissage. Ce travail mobilise un ensemble hétéroclite de travaux de sciences sociales allant de l'histoire des universités et de la sociologie des professions à la philosophie aristotélicienne. À partir de la question de recherche " Quels types de professionnels les formations universitaires sont-elles en mesure de fabriquer ? ", il part du postulat que la nature des savoirs transmis fixe les modalités de cette fabrication. Il montre que ces savoirs participent de trois types de discipline (discipline pratique, discipline scientifique et discipline poïétique) auxquels sont rattachés quatre types de formation : la formation professionnelle généraliste, la formation professionnelle spécialiste, la formation professionnelle scientifique et la formation professionnelle poïétique.

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1981.

Le vieillissement de la main-d’œuvre canadienne entraîne diverses conséquences sur le marché du travail et sur les parcours de fin de vie active. C’est pourquoi cette recherche s’intéresse à la problématique des fins d’emploi de carrière et du passage vers un emploi de transition vers la retraite. À l’aide des données longitudinales de l’Enquête sur la dynamique du travail et du revenu de 2002 à 2007, l’objectif est de mener une analyse descriptive de cette trajectoire selon la profession, ce qui ne semble jamais avoir été fait dans la littérature canadienne. Les résultats montrent que certaines professions ont enregistré proportionnellement plus de fins d’emploi de carrière durant cette période, dont les enseignants et les occupants d’un poste de direction. Des analyses supplémentaires ont calculé la part des travailleurs ayant effectué leur transition dans une profession différente. / In Canada, the ongoing aging of the labour force has direct effects on the labour market and the way workers live their transition to retirement. Thus many believe in the importance of studying the lifecourse of older workers. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this study analyzes the older workers who left a career job between 2002 and 2007, and looks at their subsequent labour market activity in order to know if some of them entered a bridge job. This research focuses on occupational differences for the first time in the Canadian literature. In proportion, the results show higher than average rates of leaving their career job in some specific occupations, especially teachers and managers. Moreover this study aims to measure the proportion of older workers who found a bridge job in a different occupation.

The aim of this study has partly been to explore how social work students develop their conception of relevant competence during their bachelor education. This part of the study is based on qualitative interviews with a sample of twelve students from Lillehammer University College interviewed individually focusing on the relationship between theory and practice, competence learned at the university and college and in practice placement and on the personal aspect of professional action. The most significant research finding was the ways in which the students changed their view on relevance after a period of practice placement during the second year of the bachelor program. The students consider competence experienced in practice placement as the "real thing" and competence learned in college as a secondary, but necessary competence for passing the final exam. Competence learned in practice placement was taken for granted and critical reflection on knowledge systems, practices and the relationship between welfare politics and professional action was outside the limits of what the students deemed relevant competence. From these research findings and interpretations I derived new research questions which I have investigated in five articles. Article 1 scrutinizes the strong impact of practice placement, article 2 explores the purpose of ethics in a context where social work tries to mediate between social control and users participation, article 3 is concerned with the necessity of moral competence in order to make good judgements in the application of the mandate given from the welfare state, article 4 asks to what extent the concept of empowerment requires certain techniques of intervention in order to make conform clients to conventional ways of living, while article 5 explores the potentials in Buddhism applied to relevant social work issues. The articles are situated in three different theoretical traditions. I use the traditions partly to challenge core elements within the traditions themselves, partly to challenge conventional viewpoints concerning competences in social work like arguments in favour of scientific knowledge because it contributes to the elevation of the status of social workers The first one draws on the tradition from situated learning and explores learning as participation in two different contexts (college and workplace). I challenge the notion that development of competence is about negotiations between contexts. I contend that the institutionalised practices in social work have a very disciplinary impact on the concept of relevant competence which is rather underestimated by our educational system. Article 2, 3 and 4 profit from Michel Foucault's governmentality-concept. His perspective on the ways in which the population in modern societies is governed. is used to explore how the welfare state uses its professions to combine social control with freedom and self-governing. In my interpretation, ethics is a part of a soft and subtle intervention strategy to transform social and structural issues to individual troubles and make clients cooperative and responsible. I also contend that the mandate given to social workers requires good judgement in their application of individualized strategies which actualize their phronetic competence. I also interpret empowerment as a strategy for intervention that makes clients conform to conventional ideals in society. This interpretation challenges the notion of empowerment as liberation strategy defined by the clients themselves. Article 5 is entirely devoted to the question of moral character, drawing heavily on core values from Buddhism. Buddhism is used to identify and suggest ways to overcome ego-related problems which are frequently occurring in social work (such as the problem of "burn-out" and the ways bureaucratic distance is used as a shield against demanding clients). I also suggest that Buddhism can be used as a strategy for promoting personal social engagement in social work. My empirical study as well as my articles identifies "phronetic competences" in social work as the most important ones. This concept is derived from the aristotelian "phronesis" meaning personal, experienced-based competence for making morally right judgements according to particular situations. I argue that phronetic competence is highly relevant because it includes capacities for actualizing moral aspects of a situation, critical analytical reflection and for scrutinizing knowledge systems, practices and impacts of welfare goals which tend to be taken for granted.  I contend that the education of social workers must make a stronger effort to facilitate phronetic competences among social work students to prevent social work from being reduced to technical skills and social engineering.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1993. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2960. Abstract precedes thesis as [1] preliminary leaf. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125).

Thèses (M.A.)--Université de Sherbrooke (Canada), 2002. / Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 20 juin 2006). Publié aussi en version papier.

Thesis--Lund. / Extra t.p., with thesis note and imprint (Lund, H. Ohlssons boktr., 1950) inserted. Bibliography: p. [9]-17.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:39:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5734.pdf: 1056057 bytes, checksum: 8ba8b29d0f9810ede8f68e0074ea5cfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-16 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / This research has as its objective, by the utilization of the concept of professionalism, the analysis of the impact of the growing female participation on juridical careers over subjectivities and identitary negotiations. The chosen methodology is based on semistructured, in depth interviews with: two female judges, one male judge, one male prosecutor and two public defenders, all from the town of Rio das Pedras (fictional name), situated on the country side of São Paulo. Professionalism, as understood especially through the views of Eliot Freidson (1996) and Julia Evetts (2006), contributes to the analysis of why some careers provide more opening than others to the numerical growth of women on their ranks. It is also useful when thought as discourse to observe the subjective negotiations between lawyers when constructing their perceptions about the careers they are part of. The central hypothesis is that as professionalism gets consolidated, the flexibility to female participation grows. Gender, understood as performatic by Judith Butler (2002) on her contributions get interspersed with professionalism, constructing identities and subjectivities that agree with the careers discourse. / Utilizando-se do conceito de profissionalismo a pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da crescente participação feminina nas carreiras jurídicas sobre as subjetividades e as negociações identitárias. A metodologia escolhida se baseia em entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade com duas juízas, um juiz, um promotor de justiça e dois defensores públicos da cidade de Rio das Pedras (nome fictício) no interior de São Paulo. O profissionalismo entendido especialmente pelas óticas de Eliot Freidson (1996) e Julia Evetts (2006) contribui para analisar por que algumas carreiras possuem uma maior abertura para o aumento quantitativo de mulheres em seu quadro de composição. É também útil quando pensado como discurso para observar as negociações subjetivas entre operadores e operadoras do direito ao construírem suas percepções sobre as carreiras a que fazem parte. A hipótese central é de que quanto mais consolidada a instituição nos moldes do profissionalismo maior a flexibilidade para a participação feminina. O gênero, entendido como performático pelas contribuições de Judith Butler (2002), se intercala com o profissionalismo construindo identidades e subjetividades concordantes com o discurso das carreiras.

This thesis is an exploration of how professional status is gained and sustained. Sociologists, in taking for granted which occupations are universally identified as professions have concentrated their studies on elite occupations, primarily law and medicine. Their attention has been focussed on the occupational, organizational and behavioural characteristics of these professions, rather than the personal or social characteristics of the incumbents. Consequently, although acknowledging that class, gender and race can provide or limit the resources for professionalizing, these personal attributes have not been considered central to the understanding of the term profession. The research is concerned with the relationship between professional status and gender in probation during a period in its history when it faced considerable threats. It traces the profession's history and maps its rise and fall in relation to its changing gendered composition, culminating in the government's decision to remove the prior qualification for practice in 1995 in order to attract ex-servicemen into probation. The reconstruction of probation into a credible profession is the substantive focus of this study. The analysis of the reconstruction is through a gendered lens and a discourse analytical approach is used to examine texts prepared by probation to promote its cause. This thesis concludes that the status of an occupation is directly related to its gendered construction and to be considered a 'full' profession requires middle class masculinity. Whilst masculine characteristics continue to be necessary for influence and success, the constant drift towards the masculinization of everyone undermines the contribution women can make to organizations and services. In retrospectively revealing the processes through which masculinization and professionalization are discursively achieved, the study opens up the possibility for future challenges to the devaluation of occupations dominated by women.

This diploma thesis deals with social work and its relative position among other helping professions. Social work is described from the perspective of social workers at OSPOD (Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children). Social work is an interdisciplinary field, which means that social workers often cooperate with other professionals. Cooperation is executed in the form of an interdisciplinary team where it may happen that one of the professions dominates. The domination of one profession over another hegemony. The essence of hegemony is the desire for power while the oppressed group is able to follow the ideology of its own discipline only to a certain extent. Although social work keeps evolving, and so does the approach from the side of professionals, there are cases when social workers experience negative attitude. This is the reason why this thesis is focused on the standing of social work within other helping professions.The objective of the diploma thesis was to map the position of social work in other helping professions from the perspective of social workers at OSPOD. Was set one research question HVO1: What is the status of social work with other helping professions? To secure the integrity and completeness of information, two partial research questions were set and divided into individual categories. DVO1: How does the social workers OSPOD cooperation with the helping professions? DVO2: What factors affect the status of social work? The investigation found out that social work, particularly in the area of social-legal protection of children, is valued equally and social workers have an important role. Most informants had a positive experience with cooperation with other professionals. In case of occurrence of negative attitude, we cannot talk about hegemony but rather about the level of willingness to cooperate. It turned out that the personality of a specific professional affects the position of social work significantly, and equal standing is supported by the role of coordinator held by the respective social worker. The questioned social workers were aware of the changing attitude to social work from the side of professionals who realize the demands of social work and perceive this discipline as an equal profession. However, this fact does not apply to the public because, as the interviewed social workers confirmed, the public's opinion about social workers has not changed yet and it has retained the concept of "evil aunts" who take away children. The thesis can be used as an information material for social workers about their relative position among other helping professionals. It can also be a source of motivation in need to communicate the necessity and importance of social work to the public, but also to other professionals.