The author presents original research findings on the subject of the impact of a youth mentoring program, Fresh Start, on a group of at-risk adolescents in the United States. The article opens with an introduction and overview of the subject of youth mentoring, and proceeds to a review of the literature that describes types of mentoring and the varied outcomes mentoring programs have been documented to have on target populations. The literature also explains the concept of at-risk adolescents, and explains how and why mentoring programs are believed to be effective interventions for working with this population. The author then presents the methodology, research design, and procedures that were used for the study, and identifies the organization that served as the subject of the study. The researcher explained that data were collected from three distinct participant groups: students, teachers, and parents. The researcher documents the data collection and analysis techniques, and reports the results. Based on the study conducted, the researcher concluded that the Fresh Start mentoring intervention influenced statistically significant positive outcomes for participants with respect to the at-risk students’ behaviour and academic performance. Taking this conclusion into consideration, the researcher reflected upon the components of a mentoring program that are most likely to predict academic and social success for students who have been deemed at-risk, and offered recommendations for future research and program development. / Sociology / D. Phil.(Sociology )

O objetivo deste trabalho é a compreensão das relações entre direito e política, a partir do estudo da posição dos juristas no Estado e de suas lutas concretas pelo controle da administração do sistema de justiça. A principal hipótese que orientou a pesquisa foi a de que há um campo político da justiça, representado pelo espaço social de posições, capitais e relações delimitado pela ação de grupos e instituições em disputa pelo controle do direito processual e da burocracia judiciária. No interior desse campo político da justiça, a pesquisa buscou identificar, ainda, as posições dominantes das elites jurídicas lideranças institucionais e associativas, e intelectuais especializados em determinadas áreas de conhecimento cuja influência sobre a administração da justiça estatal e as estruturas de seus capitais sociais, políticos e profissionais os diferenciam dos demais agentes do campo jurídico. / This dissertation examines the relationship between Law and Politics by studying the position of lawyers within the State and their struggle for the control of the administration of the judicial system. The main hypothesis is that there is a political field of Justice, represented by a social space of positions, capitals and relationships, and defined by the actions by groups and institutions vying for the control both of procedural law and of the judicial bureaucracy. Additionally, this dissertation aims also, within this political field of Justice, at identifying the dominant position of legal elites institutional and union leaders and scholars from different fields who are distinguished from other agents in juridical field by their influence on the administration of the judicial system and by the structure of its social, political and professional capitals.

Orientador: Thomas Patrick Dwyer / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T16:10:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Braga_EugenioCarlosFerreira_D.pdf: 3058675 bytes, checksum: 94d100f105960c5dcfbeccd2e792cb45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Este texto apresenta e expoe os resultados de um survey com egressos de Ciências Sociais e Economia dos ultimos trinta e cinco anos de tradicionais instituicoes do estado de Sao Paulo. O foco da analise reside nos cientistas sociais, desenvolvida a partir de questões teoricas de uma sociologia dos cientistas sociais, que se difere de outras perspectivas e abordagens anteriores. O survey forneceu dados empiricos para: a) elaborar uma descrição do mercado de trabalho pela situacao e pelas trajetorias ocupacionais, b) caracterizar o perfil social do grupo de egressos, c) definir uma estrategia de pesquisa (com o suporte de uma tradicao de pesquisa em estratificacao social) que conseguisse captar da profissao seus segmentos mais valorizados, de maior posicao social ou de status e prestigio, e d) integrar os objetivos anteriores em uma analise da composicao social das posicoes ocupacionais projetadas por meio deste criterio social. Deste modo, foi possivel esbocar as participações relativas das areas do mercado de trabalho na absorcao dos cientistas sociais, apreender estes segmentos em um continuo valorativo segundo avaliacoes dos proprios membros da profissao e analisar a composicao social destes segmentos (por cor e raca, sexo e origem social), buscando tendencias de abertura e fechamento e nichos de concentracao de atributos sociais. Com a extensao do survey foram possiveis comparacoes com egressos de Economia, seguindo os mesmos procedimentos realizado para os cientistas sociais. / Abstract: This work presents a survey with Social Sciences and Economics alumni from a thirty-five years time span of traditional universities in the state of São Paulo. The focus of the analysis rests on social scientists, developed following theoretical questions of a sociology of social scientists, different from others previous perspectives and attempts. The survey brought empirical data with which we can: a) elaborate a description of the labor market by occupational current situation and work trajectories, b) delineate the social profile of the alumni group, c) define a research strategy (with the support of a tradition in the social stratification field) that could capture from a profession its most valued parts, of higher social position or higher status and prestige, and d) integrate all data into an social composition analysis of the occupational positions projected by that social criterion. In this way, I sketched the relative proportion of labor market areas in absorbing social scientists, grabbed its segments in a valorative continuum, made with evaluations from the members themselves, and analyzed the social composition of these segments (by race, gender and social origins), searching for openness and closure tendencies, and niches that concentrate social attributes. Extending the survey to Economics alumni also made comparisons possible, following the same procedures realized for social scientists. / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

A crença no potencial humano de auto-regulação, na capacidade inerente da pessoa direcionar a sua vida em busca de algo melhor para si e na tendência direcional atualizante de todas as coisas do Universo foi o que moveu esse trabalho desde o início. A hipótese de que presidiários pudessem processar mudanças significativas em suas vidas desde que oferecidas as condições necessárias e suficientes para a expansão do self permeou as atividades oferecidas. Nessa busca de compreensão do processo de expansão do self no encontro da psicologia com a arte e a profissão, procurou-se os estudos de Carl Ramson Rogers e Augusto Boal. Este estudo buscou compreender como a psicologia (psicoterapia), a arte (teatro) e a profissão (emprego) poderiam facilitar o processo de crescimento de presidiários, ajudando-os a repensarem e a planejarem suas vidas, possibilitando o retorno ao meio social, familiar e pessoal. Foram colhidos onze depoimentos de oito colaboradores participantes do Projeto Pontilhado, na cidade de Porto Velho/RO, cuja peça teatral foi baseada em suas histórias de vida. Esse projeto foi desenvolvido do ano de 1999 a 2004. O estudo de abordagem qualitativa procurou seguir as especificidades da pesquisa-ação. O instrumento para coleta de dados foi a entrevista individual, não-diretiva, gravada em áudio. Na busca dos elementos significativos que compareceram em seus depoimentos, procurou-se agrupar as experiências comuns que os conduziram ao processo de transformação de suas vidas: O desvelar do self; Percepção de Psicologia; Percepção da Arte; Percepção da Profissão; Predisposição à mudança; Término do Projeto e Caminhos para tirar uma pessoa do mundo do crime. As percepções que os presidiários tiveram de seu organismo, de suas experiências, das relações entre elas, do mundo à sua volta e a consciência desses acontecimentos possibilitou-lhes a se desenvolver, crescer e a se transformar, num trabalho conjunto com o seu organismo. A abertura aos dados da experiência interior e do mundo externo, ampliando o campo da percepção, foi possibilitada pelos exercícios teatrais psicodramáticos, do trabalho psicoterapêutico, no desenvolvimento de uma atividade produtiva e remunerada além do acompanhamento fora das ações previstas. Foi um conjunto de atividades que possibilitaram aos presidiários e ex-presidiários se libertarem das barreiras psicológicas que impediam o crescimento. Esse estudo demonstrou que existe a possibilidade de se contribuir para a melhoria de vida das pessoas que se encontram presas, proporcionando novas formas de perceberem e enfrentarem a saída da prisão. Na expansão do self, as atividades psicodramáticas do teatro e o encontro psicoterápico ajudam nesse crescimento, a profissão sustenta essa determinação e o apoio ampara nos momentos de crise, quando a pessoa realmente se predispõe a sair do mundo do crime. / The belief in the auto-regulative human potential, in the persons inherent ability to lead her or his life in search of something better and the faith in the updating directive tendency of everything in the Universe moved this work from the very beginning. The hypothesis that the prisoners could process significant changes in their lives once we offer the needed and sufficient conditions in order to expand the self permeated our activities. Searching to understand the expanding process of the self in the meeting of psychology, art and profession, we based on Carl Ramson Rogerss and August Boals works as support. This study explored how psychology (psychotherapy), the art (theatre) and profession (job) may facilitate the growing process of prisoners, helping them to rethink and plan their lives, making the social, familiar and personal way back possible. We collected eleven reports from eight participant collaborators of the Projeto Pontilhado in the city of Porto Velho-Rondônia, Brazil, whose play was based on their history of life. This project was developed in the years 1999 and 2004. We use the qualitative approach taking into consideration the action-research. The tool for the data collect was a non-directive personal interview recorded in audio. In the search for meaningful elements visible in their statements, we searched to gather the common experiences that led to the transformative process in their lives: the unveiling of the self; Psychology perception; Art Perception; Profession Perception; Predisposition to change; the end of the project and ways of taking a person out of criminality. The perception that the prisoners had of their own organism, their experiences, their relations among themselves, their surroundings and the consciousness of these happenings made them grow, develop and transform themselves in persons in a work together with their organism. The opening of their interior experience and of the outer world was possible due to psycodramatic theatrical exercises, psychotherapeutic work, in the development of a productive and paid activity, beside the work together out of the foreseen activities. It was a set of activities which made possible to the prisoners and ex-prisoners to get free from psychological barriers which prevented any human growth. This study revealed that there is a possibility of contributing to a better life of people who are in prison. It is possible to offer new forms of viewing life out of prison. In the expansion of the self the psychodrama and the psychotherapeutic meeting help this growth; the profession supports people in the moment of crime when the person is really willing to leave the criminal world.

Esta tese mapeia o espaço social do jornalismo de educação brasileiro. Trata-se de trabalho exploratório que se propõe a descrever um universo não estudado no país e pouco abordado no mundo. Lança luz sobre um de seus principais atores o jornalista de educação por meio de uma análise sociológica multifocal que compreende três escalas de observação (macro, meso e micro). Apoia-se no referencial teórico das teorias de socialização para responder às seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: como se caracterizam as lutas e jogos que se desenrolam no espaço do jornalismo de educação, quem é o jornalista de educação brasileiro e como este constrói sua identidade profissional. Parte-se da hipótese de que, para analisar a dinâmica do jornalismo de educação, é preciso compreender sua relação com outros espaços do universo jornalístico e do universo do poder, a estrutura das relações profissionais de seu espaço social, os sentidos em jogo ao longo da história e as trajetórias de socialização dos agentes. O trabalho de terreno resultou em informações quantitativas e qualitativas a partir de três instrumentos de coleta de dados: um survey, que contou com a participação de 92 dos 96 profissionais que compunham a população pesquisada, uma série de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 12 respondentes e uma socioanálise de uma redação jornalística. A análise aponta para um espaço social pouco autônomo, de instituições fracas e altamente sujeito a pressões externas. Como consequência, a organização do espaço não se dá em função do grau de especialização em educação. Identificam-se diferentes vetores de hierarquização, que apontam para uma multiplicidade de perfis identitários e para a marginalização dos profissionais mais especializados. Argumenta-se que essa configuração se deve a uma especificidade do contexto social brasileiro: um modelo societal que denominamos de modernidade intermitente, que fragiliza instituições e amplifica a necessidade de autofabricação dos sujeitos. Estes têm o desafio de enfrentar, com recursos próprios e individuais, as provas impostas ao longo de suas trajetórias. / This thesis maps the social space of the Brazilian education journalism. It is an exploratory work, which intends to describe a universe not yet studied in Brazil and poorly explored in the world. It sheds light upon one of its main actors the education journalist , using a multifocal sociological analysis, which comprises three scales of observation (macro, meso and micro). It relies on the theoretical framework of the theories of socialization to answer the following questions of research: how the disputes and the social games that take place in the space of education journalism are characterized, who is the Brazilian education journalist and how he/she builds his/her professional identity. The hypothesis proposed hereby is that, in order to analyze the dynamics of education journalism, one has to understand its relation with other spaces of the journalistic universe and the power universe, the structure of the professional relations within its social space, the senses at stake throughout its history and the agents trajectories of socialization. Fieldwork resulted both in quantitative and qualitative information extracted from three different instruments of data collection: a survey that comprised answers from 92 out of the 96 professionals of the researched population, a series of semi-structured interviews with 12 subjects and a socio-analysis of an education newsroom. The analysis points at a social space poorly autonomous, with weak institutions and heavily subjected to external pressures. Therefore, the organization of that space is not linked to the degree of specialization in education. One identifies different hierarchy vectors, which point to a multitude of identity profiles and to the marginalization of the most specialized professionals. One argues that this configuration is due to a specificity in the Brazilian context: a process that we call intermittent modernity, that weakens institutions and amplifies the subjects need of auto-fabrication. As a result, they must face the proofs throughout their trajectories relying mostly on their own individual resources.

M.A. / One of the most significant trends of our time, manifesting world wide as well as in South Africa and affecting family life extensively, is the continuous rise in the rate of married women entering the labour market. The increasing interface between work and family life, within the work/ family spillover model, has led to the conventional belief that female employment, due to the stress within the work-situation, and marital dissolution are causally related. In more recent studies however, researchers are no longer concentrating only on the detrimental effects of the dual-earner family lifestyle, but are increasingly investigating intervening variables which alleviate stress in dual-earner families and which could actually contribute to higher experience of marital integration and quality. As a result of this perspective on family life of the working married woman, the question arose as to what the situation in this regard in South Africa may be. The aim with this research was to determine the nature of the mediating influence of intervening variables on the correlation between the woman's participation in the labour market and her experience of marital integration. Respondents from Johannesburg, East Rand, West Rand and Pretoria were selected by means of purposive and snowball sampling. A total of 300 respondents completed a questionnaire, which included items on biographical information and Likert type questions regarding the respondents' experiences of both family and work related aspects. In order to measure these aspects, eight scales were developed by means of factor analysis and item analysis, namely the respondent's experience of her husband's performance of domestic obligations; her husband's care-taking of the children; her husband's performance of emotion work; her commitment to growth in the marriage; her experience of marital integration; her involvement in her work; her experience of occupational stress; and occupational satisfaction. An analysis was made to determine the differences between groups that can be divided into more numerous discreet categories, by making use of multivariate and one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe's paired comparisons, as well as Hotelling T 2 and t-tests and Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients. Three regression models were developed in order to determine the predictors of marital integration, involvement in work and occupational satisfaction. The following results regarding the family related scales were found: Respondents experience their husbands' performance of emotion work to a greater degree, than their husbands' performance of domestic obligations and care-taking of the children. In comparison with the other scales, the respondent's experience of her husband's performance of emotion work indicated the highest statistical significant correlation with her experience of marital integration. Therefore the husband's performance of emotion work may be considered as a very important variable in predicting the working wife's experience of marital integration. In the case of the correlation between the family related and the work related scales, it was found that, unlike the respondent's experience of occupational stress, both the respondent's commitment to work and her experience of occupational satisfaction indicated a statistical significant correlation with her experience of marital integration. By means of path analysis, it was possible to determine that in both the models for path analysis in the case of marital integration (endogenous variable) and involvement in work (exogenous variable), -and in—the case—of marital—integration (endogenous variable) and occupational satisfaction (exogenous variable),, in the event of controlling for the family related variables, the partial correlations between marital integration and involvement in work, as well as between marital integration and occupational satisfaction, declined. Therefore it may be said that the family related variables, namely the respondent's commitment to growth in the marriage; her experience of her husband's performance of emotion work; her experience of her husband's care-taking of the children; and her experience of her husband's performance of domestic obligations, may lead to an enhancement of the working married woman's experience of marital integration. Knowledge of these intervening variables may not only help the dual-earner family in coping with the strenuous dilemmas, but may actually contribute to a better marital and familial relationship.

Le vieillissement de la main-d’œuvre canadienne entraîne diverses conséquences sur le marché du travail et sur les parcours de fin de vie active. C’est pourquoi cette recherche s’intéresse à la problématique des fins d’emploi de carrière et du passage vers un emploi de transition vers la retraite. À l’aide des données longitudinales de l’Enquête sur la dynamique du travail et du revenu de 2002 à 2007, l’objectif est de mener une analyse descriptive de cette trajectoire selon la profession, ce qui ne semble jamais avoir été fait dans la littérature canadienne. Les résultats montrent que certaines professions ont enregistré proportionnellement plus de fins d’emploi de carrière durant cette période, dont les enseignants et les occupants d’un poste de direction. Des analyses supplémentaires ont calculé la part des travailleurs ayant effectué leur transition dans une profession différente. / In Canada, the ongoing aging of the labour force has direct effects on the labour market and the way workers live their transition to retirement. Thus many believe in the importance of studying the lifecourse of older workers. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this study analyzes the older workers who left a career job between 2002 and 2007, and looks at their subsequent labour market activity in order to know if some of them entered a bridge job. This research focuses on occupational differences for the first time in the Canadian literature. In proportion, the results show higher than average rates of leaving their career job in some specific occupations, especially teachers and managers. Moreover this study aims to measure the proportion of older workers who found a bridge job in a different occupation.

Women remain notably underrepresented in management and leadership positions despite the enactment of Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action policies. A critical literature review yielded evidence of a multitude of barriers inhibiting women’s career advancement beyond an apparent glass ceiling, but not which of the factors constitute the major barriers. A knowledge gap was further identified in research pertaining to characteristics of successful professional women and the environments that enable them to succeed in their professions. The purpose of the current study is to expand the empirical body of research and knowledge on factors contributing to the success of professional women, and of factors inhibiting the career progression of women in business. The study extends that of Punnett, Duffy, Fox, Gregory, Lituchy, Monserrat, Olivas-Luján and Santos (2006) and of Duffy, Fox, Punnett, Gregory, Lituchy, Monserrat, Olivas-Luján, Santos and Miller (2006), conducted in the Americas, to the South African context. The study suggests a conceptual framework for investigating factors that influence professional success of women. The developed conceptual framework of factors perceived to influence professional success was employed to empirically test the relationships between the variables presented. The empirical data collected was subjected to a series of statistical tests and the results considered in testing the hypotheses. Statistica 10 was employed to analyse the empirical data collected. Univariate and multivariate tests (MANOVA) were employed to determine whether sufficient evidence existed to make conclusions about hypotheses one to five of the study, relating to differences between two success groups of women based on their demographics and the selected variables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (Pearson r) was employed to determine whether sufficient evidence existed to make conclusions about vi hypotheses six to ten, relating to significant relationships between the selected independent variables for the study and the professional success of women. Professional success was measured as job seniority level. For the pipeline success group, professional success was measured as seniority in relation to years in the employment sector and age. The contribution of the study to management science and possible limitations are discussed and recommendations made for future research. Recommendations for the development of women and for the social transformation of organisations are made. The study identifies a number of internal organisational support factors and government interventions which are recommended for inclusion in development initiatives for the achievement of gender equity.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-13T17:44:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ludsonrochamartins.pdf: 1806445 bytes, checksum: 620420c2562d29d438d01a3c62d0150f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T17:37:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ludsonrochamartins.pdf: 1806445 bytes, checksum: 620420c2562d29d438d01a3c62d0150f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T17:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ludsonrochamartins.pdf: 1806445 bytes, checksum: 620420c2562d29d438d01a3c62d0150f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-16 / A Dissertação investiga as diferenças teórico-metodológicas entre os paradigmas mais relevantes da Sociologia das Profissões e as maiores elaborações contemporâneas que se debruçam sobre o estatuto do trabalho do assistente social. Nesse sentido propõe uma reflexão crítica sobre a legitimidade enquanto determinação central mobilizada pelas diversas correntes do profissionalismo, a partir de uma avaliação feita sobre bases marxistas. Assim, pontua o caráter arbitrário da abstração da legitimidade e pondera que tal discussão precisa ser melhor considerada a partir da sua ligação com o fenômeno da ideologia. Fornece também um quadro sintético sobre os principais lineamentos dos trabalhos de José Paulo Netto, Marilda Iamamoto e Vicente Faleiros no campo dos fundamentos do Serviço Social. A investigação destaca os elementos inovadores das ideias de tais estudiosos, defendendo que deles pode-se extrair algumas bases fundamentais para o tratamento da legitimidade no âmbito profissional. / The dissertation explores the theoretical and methodological differences between the most relevant paradigms of Professional Sociology and the more important contemporary conceptions about the statute of the Social Assistant’s work. It shows a critical reflection on legitimacy as a central determination taken by the different theories of professions, departing from an evaluation constructed on a Marxist base. Thus, it affirms the arbitrary character of legitimacy and it establishes that such discussion is more accurate if considered in its relation to the ideology phenomena. The dissertation also presents an analytical synthesis of main points of the works of José Paulo Netto, Marilda Iamamoto and Vicente Faleiros in the field of Social Work’s foundations. The research remarks the innovative elements of the ideas of such scholars, defending that they can provide the central bases to the understanding of legitimacy in the professional field.

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